Landscape Anthropology Ruminska IP 2011 Valencia

IP Anthropology of Landscape (Facebook: Landscape Anthropology) Valencia, Spain, May 2011 Anna Ruminska architect, cultural anthropologist Wroclaw, Poland emsa.relacje@gmail.com www.emsarelacje.pl mobile +48.660.968.363 University of Lower Silesia International Institute for the Study of Culture and Education

http://www.mojeopinie.pl/szwajcarska_bitwa_o_minarety,3,1259946263

thesis: 1. This presentation is as a text and graphic model of space and landscape variety and complexity 2. Level of your confusion reflects the level of landscape complexity 3. The more heterogenious and complexed landscape is the more culture complexity it reflects 4. Regulated actings to urban landscape generate wrong ladnscape and culture communication: no complexity at all 5. In fact it is not reality nor contemporary culture

phoneme? architecture sign? in cultural landscape text of culture?

contents: •introduction •landscape architecturizing •(starting point?)

•landscape influence on architecture

•scales and types of perception •architectural synthax of physical urban landscape 2

Poland Polska

University of Lower Silesia

Wrocław

International Institute for the Study of Culture and Education

VrotzLOVE

www.dswe.pl

www.iisce.org

fot. Wojtek Gurak http://www.flickr.com/photos/wojtekgurak/3847259359/

VrotzLove Meeting Place

4 Photo: Szewska Street, Wrocław, Poland 2011 / Anna Rumioska

education architect

objects P O S T M O D E R N I S T

my interest anthropologist

space

thinking

20 May 2010

6

landscape architecturizing starting point: movement decission

the thought http://www.123rf.com/stock-photo/foot_print.html

http://www.funnyanimalsite.com/pictures/Deer_Snow_Path.htm

http://www.rgbstock.com/photo/mhitxxO/Traces

going. walking. riding. moving - ZONING

http://pixdaus.com/single.php?id=150431

http://www.dallasphotoworks.com/my_weblog/2010/02/home-snow-storm-dallas-fort-worth-texaskeller-winter-weather-slush-ice-trace-ridge-parkway-dsc_1393.html

http://www.tahoeculture.com/category/green-tahoe/

http://www.responsibletravel.com/holiday/5418/trans-asian-express-beijing-to-tashkent

trace STABILITY. route CREATION

http://photodoto.com/channel-mixer-recipes/

http://irudi.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/Argentina/G0000scnOGiQfrR0/I0000iGMXzRAPI2M

Isfahan Province, Iran, XVI cent.

Ester, Alaska, USA, 1900

http://armchairtravelogue.blogspot.com/2009/03/maranjab-caravanserai-isfahan-province.html

http://www.old-picture.com/american-adventure/The-Old-Inn.htm

architecture BIRTH. landscape CHANGE Nicosia, Cyprus, XVI cent.

Sopot, Poland, XVI cent. http://www.skansen.kudowa.pl/atrakcje.htm

http://www.travelforum.pl/mini-przewodnik-po-cyprze/7109-cypr-p-nocny-pod-panowaniem-tureckim.html

urbanization Tokyo, Japan 2011

http://www.tokyore.net/guide_to_tokyo.html

suburbanization Markham suburbs, Canada, 1794

http://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plik:Markham-suburbs_aerialedit2.jpg&filetimestamp=20071020121108

counter-urbanization Crawley New Town, England 1946

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schoolradio/subjects/history/britainsince1930s/society/new_town

semi-urbanization Nowe Nieboczowy, Poland 2011

http://forum.gkw24.pl/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=2952&start=0

landscape influence on architecture Japan 2011

Physical changes of landscape image have stronge influence to people’s perception of landscape.

Lack of physical changes in landscape does not generate so much fear as in cases of wide disaster.

Physical change and the feeling of disaster concerns mainly architecture as the people’s heritage or main work of their lives.

USA 2011

landscape sudden change causes fear and integration

Poland 2010

stone houses Tuscany, Italy, XIII cent.

brick houses Madagaskar

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:M ardin_stone_houses_02148.jpg

http://photos.wildmadagascar.org/ima ges/red_brick_houses_0025.shtml

wooden houses New Siberia

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Traditional_Wo oden_House_in_Tomsk_-_Siberia_-_Russia_02.JPG

Temple of million bottles Sisaket Thailand 13500 plastic bottles house Serbia http://inspirationgreen.com/house-built-from13500-plastic-bottles.html

straw houses Tenerife 1901

http://expediatenerifeproperty.wordpress.com/2009/07/21/old-photos-of-loscristianos-in-tenerife-the-way-it-once-was/los-cristianos-straw-house-1909/

material daub houses Masai terytory, Kenya

http://www.colobusafaris.com/ma sai%20Tribe.html

sand houses New Mexico

http://www.free-desktop-backgrounds.net/Architecturewallpapers/House-architecture/Taos-New-Mexico-sand-houses.html

mountains, snow load sloped roofs Zakopane, Poland

http://www.mariuszjurkowski.com/Architektura/slides/Zakopane.html http://http://www.architectureweek.com/2003/0101/culture_2-1.html

wattle, reed, daub Braid construction Masai terytory, Tanzania

rivers, mud brick architecture, moduled India

lowlands, lots of reed reed roofs Nordstrand, Germany

form

http://www.rgbstock.com/photo/mhitxxO/Traces

flat land, many people minarets in islamic culture Cairo, Egypt

http://meigainalaska.blogspot.com/2008/02/in-city-of-thousand-minarets.html

mud mosque local, unlimited, seasonal Djenne, Mali, XIII cent.

http://www.faculty.fairfield.edu/faculty/hodgson/Courses/so191/Proj ects2009/Reichert/HISTORY_FINAL.html

white houses reflecting sun rays Casares Malaga Spain

blue houses blue keeps insects away they treat blue as water and stay away

http://siezeeldia.com/2009/02/03/white-and-night-casares/blindingwhite-houses-in-casares1/

Jodhpur Rajastan India

http://www.deconcrete.org/page/2/

colour

green roof houses high-insulation wild turf Sweden

http://pixdaus.com/single.php?id=150431

Falu Red houses local copper mining iron pigment Sweden

http://helenafrithpowell.com/2007/07/page/2

trees, wood beam and pole symbolic meaning” „Cosmic Tree” (and other parts of a house) http://www.siedlec.pl/cms_112_5.html

http://clccharter.org/grace1/pictures.html

blue houses Holy Mother symbolic colour

semiotic

stone, sun, moon – symbols, gods Aztek pyramids – pyraimd’s semiotic

http://www.garnek.pl/artex12/11694677/niebieska-chata-sierpc-skansen

Feng Shui philosophy REN People’s Building Shanghai, China

scales types perception +

nature as the intruder hierarchy of narrative: above: esthetical (lawn as it should be) below: natural (daisies as they grow)

photo: Anna Rumioska, Wrocław, Poland, 2010

of

This girl is semi-blind.

She concentrates at main place of her life: the playground. She works hard on details of the playground equipment.

Zuza pays attention at streets, nor houses, because she has no friends in the houses. She goes along the streets to other places where her friends live.

„My District” architectural modelling

Karol lives in the same place and pays attention at houses, nor the streets, because he has a few friends in these houses. Streets do not matter in this case.

kids

This boy is 4 y.old. He focused on shapes and gave them lots of meanings like „chair, table, merry-go-round, swing, tv set” etc.

acu-pointers the city acupuncture with architectural objects MATEMATEKTURA

youth

The gimnasyum students make blocks (acupuncturors) of paper and put them in the chosen spots of the town (their district) giving them meanings and functions like kiosk, information point, bus time table, telephone box, photo box, cultural events information point, fountain etc.

three scales of analysis and modelling 1. STORK – urban wide zone 2. SPARROW– district narrow zone 3. MOUSE – object street, building

adults Marc Auge’s non-places theory concerns places. His theory of non-places considers places like airports, cashier boxes, commercial centres, banks etc. As non-places – in general. In fact the nonplace or Place contamination interpretation depends on a scale pf perception – in terms of a Place in the anthropological meaning of Marc Auge. The „stork scale” (urban) gives the general view of similar places (e.g. airports) all over a town or the globe. The airport can be then consider as a nonplace because we do not connotate the relations nor nets in this wide scale. The „sparrow scale” (district) gives the more detailed view and understanding of the airport as a place and its connections to the district (people and other objects) – the same airport can still be considered as a non-place however in some levels of interpretation and perception it can be already considered as a Place. The „mouse scale” (object) gives very detailed view of the object and determines the way of observing, describing, interpretating and understanding of the airport. It cannot be no longer considered as a non-place because of the relations and nets undeniably notices in this scale.

architectural

synthax of cultural landscape

http://fatherofdetroit.blogspot.com/2009/08/sanaa.html

http://ojacie.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=ar ticle&id=78:manhattan-we-wrocawiu&catid=34:budynkimieszkalne&Itemid=55

Paris, France 2 233 818 people (2008)

Wroclaw, Poland 632 561 people (2010)

phoneme

sign

http://www.euroislam.pl/index.php/2010/06/minarety-wroca-do-szwajcarii/

Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 310605 people (2010)

text of culture

phoneme phoneme / letter / element Starchitects’ architectural objects spacial land-mark in urban landscape 1st: architecture 2nd: cultural change design: Zaha Hadid, Lillium Tower Warsaw, Poland

http://www.ithink.pl/artykuly/aktualnosci/pozostale/w-warszawie-stanie-250-metrowy-wiezowiec/

phoneme

phoneme / letter / element Starchitects’ architectural objects

spacial land-mark in urban landscape 1st: architecture, 2nd: cultural change design: Gottesman-Szmelcman Architecture Sar, Wroclaw, Poland

http:// http://blog.staszek.cieslicki.pl/ciekawostki/hilton-wroclaw-czyli-co-bedzie-stalo-kolo-galerii-dominikanskiej/ /

phoneme

phoneme / letter / element Starchitects’ architectural complex

spacial symbol of the town identity sign of change, urban narrative motive 1st: architecture, 2nd: cultural change design: Frank Gehry, Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain

http://www.vbtllc.com/index_guggenhiem.html

sign word=sign architectural complex spacial symbol of the town sign of event, sign of ideology, sign of rebirth 1st: cultural change, 2nd: architecture design: Max Berg, Centennial Hall Wroclaw, Poland 1913

http://www.poland.gov.pl/Hala,Stulecia,we,Wroclawiu,%282006%29,7536.html

sign word / sign architectural complex spacial symbol of the town sign of times, sign of defficiency past and un-wanted narrative motive 1st: cultural change, 2nd: architecture design: Jadwiga Grabowska-Hawrylak „Manhattan�

Wroclaw, Poland 1975 http:// http://ojacie.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=12&Itemid=105&limitstar t=15 /

sign

word / sign architectural complex spacial activity land-mark in urban landscape new symbol of the town 1st: cultural change, 2nd: architecture design: J.S.K., Wroclaw, Poland 2012

http://tuznajdziesz.pl/uslugi/obiekt/stadion-miejski-wroclaw-2012-4515/galeria/37303

http://skarbykultury.pl/tematy/sztuka/architektura/dzielnica-czterech-swiatyn-cz-iii/

sentence/story/text of culture impact of special group of temples onto the urban ladscape system of spacial cultural symbols religious, esthetical, ethnic 1st: cultural story 2nd: architectural impact 3rd: spacial and cultural narration (revitalization programme) note: no specified-designer Four Temples District Wroclaw, Poland

text of culture

TEMPLES story of integrity

1.evangelic-augsburg church 2.orthodox church 3.roman-catholic church 4.synagogue

Protected Area Support Area revitalisation programme

2

Four Temples District

Old Market Square

3

4

1

http://trojmiasto.gazeta.pl/trojmiasto/1,35612,5784875,Papieskie_szkaradztwo.html

sentence/story/text of culture impact of sculpture memorials onto the urban ladscape system of spacial religious and esthetical symbols 1st: religious story 2nd: architectural impact 3rd: religious and national narration (beatification process) note: no specified-designer Pope John Paul II monuments all over Poland

text of culture

MEMORIALS story of hope

Diagram: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Pomniki_jp2_wykres_lata.gif

no one ever had so many memorials in Poland no one ever had so much impact onto the public space (not only clerical) throuh this type of spacial signage

most - young and strong Pope most – considered distastefull all - realistic this doesn’t influence the cultural value of the Pope in the collective memmory

Ulanów

Dębica

Siedlce

Nowy Sącz

Pelpin

over 260 all over Poland app.200 all over the world Mamoty Górne Smolnica

Licheń

Studzieniczna Tarnów

Photos: htp://trojmiasto.gazeta.pl/trojmiasto/1,35612,5784875,Papieskie_szkaradztwo.html

Kracow

sentence/story/text of culture impact of architectural style and shape onto the urban ladscape and the narrative System of urbanization 1st: cultural story 2nd: architectural impact aerial views of the Switzerland

text of culture

HOUSES story of culture

minaret in Tihuana, Mexico, part of the casino and hotel complex http://www.acatmexico.org/

minaret in Wangen bei Olten, Switzerland, started the fight intending to build 6m high minaret. City Council agreed, inhabitans – not.

Minaret—succesfull

minaret of the Grand Mosque in Paris, France https://picasaweb.google.co m/ashaffer/ParisJuly2009#

http://voiceofglobalummah.blogsp ot.com

minaret design / chimney stack -forbidden design: Joanna Rajkowska , artist Poznao, Poland http://blubry.pl/artykul3129,rajkowskiej_wolanie_o_roznorodn osc.html

Switzerland: 7 000 000 people, 400 000 muslims 160 mosques, but only a few minarets common opinion of media and inhabitants: minarete = symbol of spacial dominations and strength

2009 : 57% of Switzerland people voted for to ban building of minarets in Swiss 2010: Council of Europe demanded to lift the ban considering it as discriminative http://blogs.reuters.com/faithworld/2009/11/30/the-swiss-minaret-ban-and-other-trends-forislam-in-europe/

opposition of islam and islamism (political islam)

http://picsus.e u/domain/40 mm.com/

Nashmarkt Vienna

Sułkowice Wroclaw

http://kaysee why.tumblr.co m/

Maeklong Thailand

sentence/story/text of culture impact of market spaces onto the urban ladscape system of market plots market squares as the town archetype 1st: commercial story 2nd: architectural and spacial impact 3rd: cultural narration and conflict (urbanization process esthetization process) tendency: covered market squares as more under esthetic control than open-air ones Grunwaldzki Pasage (commercial centre) located in the plot of previous wild open-air market Wroclaw, Poland

text of culture

MARKETS story of integrity

~1920

1945

1945 -1947

1990 -2006

Photos: Internet

1950 -2006

2007

sentence/story/text of culture impact of unlegal literature onto the urban ladscape system of signs and texts 1st: architectural object 2nd: communication will 3rd: cultural struggle (de-esthetization process) tendency: street-art as art street-art as vandalism street-art as text of culture public possibility of social communication Trace in the Urban Lanfdscape‌

text of culture

http://www.widelec.org/zdjecie,street-art,2131.html

STREET ART story of communication

http://bocalupo.wordpress.com/2010/11/27/necesitamos-comunicarnos/

graffiti Bolonia Italy

pasquino Rome Italy

thank you for your attention