De Jager Bulbs Planting Guide

P. de Jager & Sons Limited have been selling top quality, top size bulbs for over 146 years. We cannot over-emphasise the importance of size. Top size bulbs really do make a huge difference both in terms of flowering and naturalisation. Smaller size bulbs will be less expensive but the results will be very noticeably inferior.

Our website www.dejager.co.uk offers a 10% retail discount and for our wholesale customers we have a dedicated section. When you order online, you will enjoy a faster check-out, be able to view previous orders, re-order favourite items and view your statements.

The depth of knowledge acquired over so many years is available to all our customers and should you have any special requirements or questions please do not hesitate to get in contact with us.

P. de Jager & Sons Limited Church Farm, Ulcombe, Maidstone, Kent ME17 1DN Web: www.dejager.co.uk Email: sales@dejager.co.uk

DE JAGER BULB MAGIC Spread a little magic on your bulbs This unique feed has been specifically developed to enhance the performance of all bulbs. de Jager Bulb Magic is fast acting, easy to use, environmentally friendly and promotes vigorous growth to produce bigger and better blooms.

One litre of Bulb Magic dilutes to make up to 180 litres Order code: SBM01

Telephone: 01622 840229 Fax: 01622 844073

SUPERIOR BULB PLANTERS Our long-handled Bulb Planter measuring 100cm (39”).

Order code SPL10.

A short-handled Bulb Planter measuring 36cm (14”).

Order code SPS20.

The useful Dibber measuring 40cm (16”).

Order code SPD30.

We offer the set of all three Bulb Planters at a special Order code SPC40.

ACHIMENES Excellent for hanging baskets, as well as for indoors.

Plant in soil-less compost 2cm (1”) deep, 16cm (6”) apart, in brightly lit areas but not in direct sun. In cold areas they do better in a conservatory or greenhouse. Feed with a high potash fertiliser every 10 days. When the flowering season is over, let the plants dry out, remove dead growth, overwinter in dry compost and restart the following spring.

FT: Spring-August. FH: 15-20cm (6-8”).

AGAPANTHUS Best grown in tubs or large pots using loam-based

compost with added organic matter. Feed with a high potash liquid feed every 14 days. In cold areas they do better in a conservatory or greenhouse. They can also be grown outdoors in a reasonably sheltered area. Keep moist but never let them get waterlogged. Do not re-pot until they are pot bound. In winter, cover the crowns with straw or peat, but in cold areas they should overwinter under cover.

Half-hardy. Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 45-60cm (18-24”) apart.

FT: June-August. FH: 40-90cm (16-36”), depending on variety.

ALLIUM Plant in rich, well-drained soil. The larger bulbs should be

planted 10cm (4”) deep and the smaller ones 5cm (2”) deep; they may be left undisturbed for many years.

FT: April-September. FH: 20-180cm (8-70”), depending on variety.

ALSTROMERIA Top dress in spring and once during growing season. Plant to a depth of 15cm (6”), 30cm (12”) apart, in light soil, as soon as you receive the tubers - taking care with the brittle side shoots.

FT: June-October. FH: 25-120cm (10-47”), depending on variety.

AMARCRINUM A scented variety, deer resistant. Plant in a welldrained moderately fertile soil in full sun, with the nose just below soil level. Protect foliage from prolonged frost. In cold areas, plant in a greenhouse or conservatory, using John Innes No.2 with added leaf mould and sharp sand. In the growing season use liquid fertiliser on a monthly basis. Plant 30-40cm (12-15”) apart.

FT: September-October. FH: 75cm (30”).

AMARYLLIS BELLADONNA Should be planted outdoors in a

warm situation, preferably at the bottom of a south-facing wall.

Plant in fertile soil with the neck of the bulb at ground level, 30cm (12”) apart.

FT: September-October. FH: 80cm (32”).

AMORPHOPHALLUS Should be planted in a partially shaded

area in rich soil. Make sure the plants do not dry out in the growing season. Keep tubers dry in the winter and free from frost.

Best grown in pots 10cm (4”) wider than the tubers. Plant small tubers 5-8cm (2-3”) deep, large tubers 15-25cm (6-10”) deep.

FT: June-August or April-May, depending upon variety. FH: 40cm (16”).

ANEMONE Should be soaked overnight before planting. Plant 5-8cm (2-3”) deep, 10-15cm (4-6”) apart. Will grow almost anywhere.

FT: March-June. FH: 15-25cm (6-10”).

ARISAEMA Plant in well-drained rich soil, 15-25cm (6-10”)

deep, in partial shade.

FT: June-September. FH: 20-60cm (8-24”) depending on variety.

ARUM Plant 15cm (6”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart, in well-drained soil in sun or light shade.

FT: June-September. FH: 30cm (12”).

BABIANA A delicate species that needs to be planted in a

sheltered warm position in good fertile soil. Plant corms 15cm (6”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart. Not frost resistant: cover ground with a deep mulch in winter; in frost-prone areas lift and store for the winter.

FT: July-August. FH: 20-25cm (8-10”).

BEGONIA Start tubers in a cold frame or greenhouse during March or April. Press tubers into boxes of damp peat, hollow side uppermost, planting just under the surface. When leafy shoots

appear, transplant separately into pots of soil-less compost.

Plant out in June after the danger of frost has passed. Pendula varieties are excellent for hanging baskets. In October lift tubers, remove stems after foliage has died and store tubers in dry peat, in a frost-free place.

FT: May-September. FH: Large Flowered Double 25-30cm (1012”), Pendula 20-25cm (8-10”) and Non Stop 15-20cm (6-8”).

BELLEVALIA In autumn, plant 10cm (4”) deep, 10-15cm (46”) apart, in any well-drained soil in full sun. Most prefer to be kept dry in the summer. Divide congested clumps to maintain vigour; remove offsets from mature bulbs, while dormant, in the summer.

FT: April-May. FH: 25-30cm (10-12”).

BESSERA A delicate species that needs a warm, sheltered

position in full sun with rich fertile soil. Not resistant to frost. Plant corms 7.5cm (3”) deep 15cm (6”) apart.

FT: July-August. FH: 50-60cm (20-24”).

BLETILLA

When planting outdoors, choose a well-drained sunny position, and in winter cover with leaves or bracken. Plant 5cm (2”) deep 15cm (6”) apart. Can also be planted in shallow bowls in a sandy well-drained soil.

FT: May-June. FH: 30-40cm (12-16”).

BLOOMERIA CROCEA Plant in light, well-drained, sandy loam

soil in full sun, 3-5cm (1-2”) deep, 8-15cm (3-6”) apart. Ideal for alpine or rock gardens. Likes to dry out in the summer, keep moist during growing period.

FT: April-May. FH: 15cm (6”).

BRIMEURA Excellent for naturalising in the rockery or the front of a border. Very much resembles a miniature Bluebell. Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart, in well-drained soil. Thrives in sun or partial shade.

FT: May. FH: 20cm (8”).

BULBOCODIUM An early spring bloomer for containers or a

sunny rockery. The floral display lasts for 3-4 weeks. It is a good idea to lift and divide the clumps in early autumn every 2-3 years.

Plant 7.5cm (3”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart.

FT: February-March. FH: 15cm (6”).

CALADIUM Start the bulbs indoors and plant out only when

all danger of frost has gone and the night temperature is 68 degrees or warmer. Ideal for containers or borders. Keep moist during germination but do not let the soil become soggy as they will rot. Once in leaf, water well, they will droop if not given enough water. Plant with eyes facing up 5cm (2”) deep, 20-30cm (8-12”) apart, and add bone meal to well-drained soil before planting. When leaves have died back, lift and store in mesh or paper bags at 65-70 °F. FT: July-October. FH: 30-60cm (12-24”).

CALOCHORTUS

Plant in a well-drained, sheltered sunny position, 5 cm (2”) deep, 8-15cm (4-6”) apart. Never allow bulbs to become water-logged even for a short period.

FT: June. FH: 40-50cm (16-20”).

CANNA Needs to be started indoors, laying the root horizontally

in potting compost. Plant 5cm (2”) deep. Plant outside in early June in humus-rich soil, 30-45cm (12-18”) apart. Full sun is essential. Lift in autumn; when dried out, store in sand or peat.

FT: July-October. FH: 60-100cm (24-39”).

CAMASSIA Thrives in wet and heavy soil, although prolonged water-logging throughout the winter can lead to rotting. Requires sun or partial shade. Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 15cm (6”) apart.

FT: May-June. FH: 25-90cm (10-36”), depending on variety.

CHIONODOXA

This low-growing, early spring bulb is a popular choice for naturalising in the rockery or grassland. Plant 5cm (2”) deep, 5cm (2”) apart. Water well in the growing season.

FT: March-April. FH: 10-15cm (4-6”).

CHLIDANTHUS Grow in humus-rich, well-drained soil in a

sunny sheltered position. Apply a dry mulch in winter. In frostprone areas, grow in a cool greenhouse or conservatory. Plant with nose of bulb just above the surface, 8cm (3”) apart. Not hardy. Lift and store for the winter.

FT: June-July. FH: 25-35cm (10-14”).

COLCHICUM

No leaves are present when the wine-glass shaped flowers appear, and the long tubes at the base of the petals extend down into the earth. Plant 7.5cm (3”) deep in welldrained, humus-rich soil, 10-15cm (4-6”) apart. Likes a sunny or lightly shaded position.

FT: September-October. FH: 10-20cm (4-8”).

COMMELINA Plant in light well-drained soil, in a sunny area

with some shelter. Lift when flowering has finished in the autumn.

Store in peat or vermiculite, or between layers of straw or wood shavings, in a frost-free area for the winter. Start into growth again in gentle heat in the spring. Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 45cm (18”) apart.

FT: August-October. FH: 40-45cm (16-18”).

CONVALLARIA Prefers a semi-shaded position, in soil that is

slightly moist. Flowers sparingly in the first year as it needs to settle; thereafter will flower more profusely each year. Plant 3cm (1”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart.

FT: May-June. FH: 20-30cm (8-12”).

CORYDALIS These do not like rich soil or full sun. Leave them to

naturalise and provide a semi-wild area of pastel colour in spring.

Plant 7.5cm (3”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart. Can be left undisturbed for many years.

FT: March-April. FH: 15-20cm (6-8”), depending on variety.

COSMOS Requires a sunny position in moist, well-drained soil

in a sheltered spot. Can be overwintered if protected with deep mulch. Plant 5-8cm (2-3”) deep, 30cm (12”) apart.

FT: July-August. FH: 60cm (24”).

CRINUM Requires full sun in a south-facing sheltered position.

Plant in rich, well-drained, moisture-retentive soil, 15cm (6”) deep, 45cm (18”) apart. Mulch with peat or straw in the winter.

Hates root disturbance. Plant the Powellii varieties with the top of the neck above the surface.

FT: July-September. FH: 75-100cm (29-39”).

CROCOSMIA Plant in well-drained, humus-rich soil in a sunny

spot. Will increase if left undisturbed. Divide clumps after 3 years.

Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 15cm (6”) apart.

FT: July-August. FH: 50-90cm (20-30”), depending on variety.

CROCUS

A family which may flower continuously from September, when the autumn-flowering species start to bloom, until the large-flowered Dutch Crocus finishes in March. The autumn-flowering species should be planted in August and September, and the spring-flowering varieties from September to November - the earlier the planting the better the result.

Corms should be planted about 8cm (3”) deep in any good fertile garden soil. The winter and spring-flowering species are well suited to the rock garden or the front of borders, and the later Dutch varieties for groups, edging borders or naturalising.

For the best results, plant 8-10cm (3-4”) deep, 5cm (2”) apart, and leave undisturbed. Croci are suitable for a pot or bowl culture, with the exception of large-flowered Yellow Crocus, and may also be grown in pebbles and water. It is important to remember that they must not be forced too hard, as too much heat or dryness in the atmosphere will lead to excess of leaf and no flower.

FT: January-March and September-October. FH: 10-20cm (4-8”), depending on variety.

CURCUMA Grow in well-drained soil; add peat or coarse sand

to improve drainage. Will also thrive in pots. Plant 30cm (12”) apart just below the surface. Keep the soil moist and water daily during hot weather, but take care not to overwater. Give water

soluble fertiliser on a monthly basis during the growing period.

Protect from frost in winter - mulch well around the plant.

FT: June-September. FH: 30-75cm (12-30”), depeding on variety.

CYCLAMEN These are supplied in 9cm pots. They prefer to be

planted in a shaded area, in well-drained, rich, but not heavy, soil. Cyclamen need to be left undisturbed once planted, and do not always flower in their first season.

FT: January-October, depending on variety. FH: 8-15cm (3-6”).

CYCLAMEN TUBERS Plant Tubers slightly on their sides so that

any water can drain away freely, planting just below the surface 15cm (6”) apart. Ideal for planting under trees and shrubs.

FT: January-October, depending on variety. FH: 8-15cm (3-6”).

DAFFODILS AND NARCISSI Can be grown in many ways.

Some are suited to informal planting in rough grass in sun or partial shade, where they may be left to flower for years without any attention. Some do well in hedged banks; other more formal varieties are suited to borders, where they provide early colour before the summer-flowering plants commence. These can also be left undisturbed for several years. Many of the smaller species and varieties suit rock gardens and will fill small gaps between other plants. In all cases let the leaves die down completely, or at least become yellow, before removing them. This is necessary to allow the foliage to feed the bulbs, thus ensuring flower production in subsequent years. The bulbs do best in soil which is reasonably well-drained, but not too light and sandy, so that it does not dry out excessively - soil conditions are a most important factor in getting the best results. After flowering, the soil must not be allowed to become waterlogged before the foliage dies, as this can retard bulb growth for the following season. Failures with bulbs are frequently due to planting too deeply or too shallowly. A good general rule to follow is to cover the bulb with soil one and half to twice its own depth. Plant 10-20cm (4-8”) apart, depending on variety.

FT: March-April. FH: 15-50cm (6-20”).

DICHELOSTEMMA An unusual plant producing umbels of

tubular flowers on strong stems. Plant 5cm (2”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart. Prefers a sheltered sunny spot in well-drained soil.

FT: June-July. FH: 60cm (24”).

DAHLIA Best started off in greenhouse or indoors, but care must

be taken against frost when transferring outdoors. Plant with the crown slightly above the soil. Do not divide the roots prior to planting. After planting, water well and keep the soil moist but not wet. Increase watering as the plant grows, taking care not to get the foliage wet when watering. Once replanted in the garden protect against slugs. When flowering has finished, lift the tubers, and store upside down for approx 14 days so that any residual water can drain from the hollow stem. They should then be stored in peat or vermiculite, or between layers of straw or wood shavings, in a frost-free area. If started outdoors, plant the tuber 10cm (4”) deep with the neck under the soil but pointing upwards. Plant tall varieties 90cm (36”) apart, medium height varieties 60cm (24”) apart, small varieties 30cm (12”) apart.

FT: July-November, depending on variety.

FH: 25-120cm (10-48”), depending on variety.

ERANTHIS (Winter Aconite) Aconites spread by self-seeding,

forming thickly populated colonies. They are happy in any welldrained soil; best position is under deciduous trees and shrubs where the low angle winter sun can penetrate beneath the branches. The small tubers should be planted 4cm (1½”) deep, 5-8cm (2-3”) apart.

FT: January-February. FH: 5-8cm (2-3”) depending on variety.

EREMURUS Spread the roots out naturally with the crowns about 6-8cm (2-3”) deep and 60-90cm (24-36”) apart. Rest the roots on a bed of sand in a spot which receives afternoon and evening sun. Water well in dry weather. Cover with leaf mould during the winter.

FT: June-July. FH: 90-200cm (36-80”).

ERYTHRONIUM An excellent plant for the shady rockery or

round the base of trees. They are not difficult to grow but they must not dry out between lifting or purchase, and planting. Plant 5-8cm (2-3”) deep, 5-10cm (2-4”) apart .

FT: March-April. FH: 12-25cm (5-10“), depending on variety.

EUCHARIS House or Greenhouse plants. Plant one bulb in 15cm (6”) pot in soil-less compost with tip of bulb just above the surface. Top dress established plant annually, re-pot every 3-4 years. Water well during the growing period but very little during the rest period.

FT: Throughout summer. FH: 40-60cm (16-24”).

EUCOMIS This plant is not for growing outdoors unless you are

situated in a mild area. It is far better to treat it as a container plant; it can be left outdoors in the growing and flowering season, but kept in the greenhouse before the frosts arrive. Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 20-30cm (9-12”) apart.

FT: August-September. FH: 20-80cm (8-32”), depending on variety.

FREESIA Plant outdoors in well-drained loamy soil 5cm (2”) deep with the pointed end up in a sunny position. Once the buds appear a dose of liquid fertiliser can be given. After flowering remove flower stems; once the foliage has died down, lift corms and store in dry peat. Greenhouse Culture - Plant in loam-based potting soil with added grit. Shade from sun and keep moist until established, then grow in full light with good ventilation and water freely. Once buds appear feed weekly with liquid fertilizer. Keep temperature at approx. 55 °F. FT: January-March. Garden: July-September. FH: 25-30cm (1012”).

FRITILLARIA Failing to flower after the first year is due to a lack of potash fertiliser, which is necessary for spurring bloom formation for the following year’s flowering. Plant large bulbs 15cm (6”) deep and small bulbs 8cm (3”) deep, in well-drained soil. Plant

bulbs on their side to prevent water getting into the hollow crown.

FT: April-May. FH: 20-100cm (8-39”) depending on variety.

GALANTHUS They prefer moist humus-rich soil. Plant 8-10cm (3-4”) deep, 8-10cm (3-4”) apart. Plant in clumps 8cm (3”) deep in shade or semi-shade. Do not disturb until you want to split the clumps, which is best done when the foliage is still lush.

FT: January-February. FH: 10-20cm (4-8”).

GALTONIA These handsome and stately flowers need warmth

and sunshine. Plant 10-15 cm (4-6”) deep, 30cm (12”) apart, in well-drained humus-rich soil in an open sunny position. Cut off flower stalks once withered and cover crowns with mulch.

FT: August-September. FH: 100cm (39”).

GLADIOLI Plant in well-drained sandy soil 10-15cm. (4-6”)

deep, 10-15cm (4-6”) apart. Full sun is required. Water and mulch well. For a continuous supply of cut flowers, plant corms at two week intervals.

FT: July-September, depending on variety. FH: 70-120cm (28-48”).

GLADIOLUS

A well-drained warm and sunny position is required. Plant 8cm (3”) deep, 15cm (6”) apart. Hardy.

FT: June. FH: 70cm (28”).

GLADIOLUS ACIDANTHERA Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 20cm

(8”) apart. Requires full sun. In mild areas can be grown outside in a sheltered spot otherwise grow in greenhouse in pots using soilless or John Innes potting compost. Feed every 10-14 days.

Keep moist.

FT: August-September. FH: 80cm (32”).

GLORIOSA Plant with the tuber lying on its side, just under the

surface, in a 15cm (6”) pot. Keep in a warm place until growth appears and water well.

FT: July-September. FH: 100-240cm (39-96”), depending on variety.

GLOXINIA HOUSE PLANTS. Plant in moisture retentive soilless

compost, plant the tuber hollow side up level with the surface of the compost, not buried. Stand on a dish of moist pebbles for humidity. Water from below to avoid flowers and leaves getting wet. Keep compost moist until growth starts then water freely.

Feed every 14 days.

FT: June-August. FH: 20-30cm (8-12”).

HABENARIA These are best grown in deep pots using a welldrained medium. Keep well watered during the growing season.

Plant using a 10cm (4”) pot, 5cm (2”) deep, with small dark eye facing upwards.

F.T: July-August. FH: 30cm (12”).

HABRANTHUS Plant in pots in a mixture of 2 parts loam, 1

part peat and 1 part sharp sand. Re-pot every 3-4 years. Plant 10cm (4”) deep.

FT: March-April. FH: 22-30cm (9-12”).

HEDYCHIUM Can be started inside in March for planting outside in rich soil in May. Plant with tip of bulb just below the surface, 60cm (24”) apart. Feed with liquid fertiliser from July to September and keep well watered.

FT: July-August. FH: 125cm (49”).

HELLEBORUS These will arrive in 9cm pots. Plant with the crown

just under the surface, 30cm (12”) apart, in a well-drained and shaded part of the garden. If left undisturbed they will do very well.

FT: December-March. FH: 30-45cm (12-18”), depending on variety.

HEMERCALLIS Plant in groups amongst shrubs or perennials where summer colour is often lacking. They require very little attention and can remain undisturbed for years. Plant with the crown just under the surface 40cm (18”) apart.

FT: June-September. FH: 40-85cm (16-32”), depending on variety.

HERMODACTYLUS (The Snake’s-head Iris) A distinct and

interesting species, often known as ‘Widow Iris’. The fairly large erect flowers are of a peculiar olive green shade with dark, almost black, velvety purple falls, occasionally streaked with yellow or bright green. Plant 5-8cm (2-3”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart. Will grow in any well drained soil, including chalky soils. Requires full sun.

FT: April-May. FH: 25-30cm (10-12”).

HIPPEASTRUM AMARYLLIS Before planting soak lower part of bulb and roots in warm water for a few hours. Plant in 5-7” pot with good drainage, pot in good quality potting compost leaving the top third of the bulb exposed. Place pot in warm place but draught free. Water sparingly until stem appears then water more freely.

FT: 6-8 weeks after planting. FH: 40-60cm (16-24”).

HIPPEASTRELLA Best grown in containers, but in milder areas can be grown outside in a well drained sunny location. Plant in John Innes no.3 with neck of bulb just below surface. 1 bulb to 20cm pot. They need plenty of water and a weekly feed of a general purpose liquid fertilizer. Over winter in greenhouse or conservatory.

FT: June-July. FH: 30-35cm (12-15”).

HOMERIA A native of southern Africa with long narrow basal

leaves. Plant in a sunny location in well-drained soil, 3-5cm (12”) deep, in small clusters not too far apart. Lift and store in a dry, frost-free location. Ideal for borders or containers.

FT: August. FH: 45-60cm (18-24”).

HYACINTHOIDES (English Bluebell) Perfect for naturalising

in woodlands or other cool, semi-shaded sites. Seeds freely and colonies are soon formed. Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 5-10cm (2-4”) apart.

FT: April-May. FH: 25-30cm (10-12”).

HYACINTH They like a light, well-drained soil situated in a

sunny and sheltered part of the garden. Plant 12cm (5”) deep,

15cm (6”) apart.

Indoor culture Plant bulbs close together in pots in bulb fibre.

Store in the dark keeping them moist.

Christmas hyacinths for indoor culture These Hyacinths

are specially prepared for early forcing and for bowl and pot culture. Despatched from early September onwards when they are fully ready, they need to be planted 10-12 weeks prior to Christmas. Plant bulbs close together in pots in bulb fibre. Store in the dark, keeping them moist.

HYMENOCALLIS

Likes light soil and a sunny sheltered position. If grown in pots, use a compost of equal parts loam, peat substitute and sharp sand. Plant tip of plant just above the surface, one plant to a 12cm (5”) pot.

FT: June-September. FH: 30-80cm (12-32”), depending on variety.

INCARVILLEA Grows in large clusters with attractive fine cut

foliage. Very easy to grow in any soil, but add garden compost to heavy clay. Plant upright, the top level with the soil, 30cm (12”) apart. Requires sun or partial shade.

FT: May-June. FH: 45cm (18”).

IPHEION Excellent for rockeries or front of borders. Plant in a

sheltered spot, in partial shade in well-drained soil, 2-5cm (1-2”) deep, 7-10cm (3-4”) apart. Only a few blooms in the first year, but after a few years will flower profusely.

FT: May-June. FH: 10-25cm (4-10”).

IRIS Dwarf Bearded Pay extra attention to good drainage. The

best position is a rock garden pocket or at the edge of a raised border. Plant the rhizomes in small clumps, about 23cm (9”) apart at a depth of 5cm (2”). Keep clear of weeds and replant every 2-3 years.

FT: May-June. FH: 95cm (37”).

Tall Bearded Irises require an open sunny position. They grow in any good, not too acid, garden soil. Plant the rhizomes in spring or early autumn, in beds which have been prepared with old manure and compost. Plant the rhizomes facing the same way, firmly but shallowly, with the top of the rhizomes just showing, in such a position that each rhizome receives maximum sunshine. Plant 30cm (12”) apart.

FT: April-June. FH: 50-100cm (20-39”).

Dutch (Bulbous) Plant bulbs in good, well-drained, light garden

soil at a depth of 10-15cm (4-6”), 15cm (6”) apart. They prefer a good sunny site where they can be left undisturbed.

FT: June-July. FH: 50-65cm (20-26”).

English Plant 8cm (3”) deep 10-12cm (4-5”) apart in well drained soil but careful not to let it dry out. Needs full sun, and once planted are best left undisturbed.

FT: June. FH: 50-60cm (20-24”).

Iris Species Plant 8cm (3”) deep and 10cm (4”) apart in well

drained soil in an open sunny position. Best left undisturbed for as long as possible, but can be lifted and divided when necessary.

FT: February-April. FH: 10-35cm (4-15”), depending on variety.

Stylosa This is a rhizomatous type, increasing to form a mat of knobbly rhizomes which are nearly hidden by the tough evergreen leaves. At any time from November through to March the buds can push up, in a long succession when the plants are doing well. If the weather is mild these can be left on the plant in the open; in frosty weather, however, it is much better to pick them for a vase indoors since they are not all frost resistant and will ruin overnight. In a warm room buds open in a very short space of time and emit a subtle fragrance suggestive of Primrose.

FT: November-March. FH: 35cm (14”).

Juno Plant in well-drained, neutral or slightly alkaline soil, in full

sun, 5cm (2”) deep. Water moderately when in growth, but keep

just moist during the dormant period. When planting be careful not to damage the fleshy roots.

FT: April. FH: 20-30cm (8-12”).

Regelio-cyclus Plant in well-drained, neutral or slightly alkaline soil in full sun, 3-5cm (1-2”) deep. Water moderately when in growth but must be kept completely dry when dormant.

Take care when planting not to damage the fleshly roots.

FT: May-June. FH: 40-50cm (16-19”).

IXIA Can be grown in a cool greenhouse or conservatory. Plant 5-6 bulbs to a 12cm (5”) pot, 5cm (2”) deep, using compost or leaf mould and sharp sand. If grown outdoors in a sunny position, protect from east and northerly winds. Plant 5cm (2”) deep 8-10cm (3-4”) apart in well drained soil.

FT: May-July. FH: depending on variety 35-50cm (14-20”).

IXIOLIRION Plant in sunny sheltered spot 10-15cm (4-6”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart in small groups. Leave undisturbed where they will multiply. In winter cover with dry leaves to protect against frost.

FT: June. FH: 30cm (12”).

LACHENALIA Only half-hardy, and best grown as a house

plant or in a conservatory or cool greenhouse. Plant tip of bulb just below the surface.

FH: 20-30cm (8-12”).

LEUCOCORYNE In warm areas can be planted outside 10cm (4”) deep 15cm (6”) apart in well drained fertile soil in full sun. Mulch in winter, frost tender. Cool Greenhouse - pot in loam based potting compost (John Innes no.2) with added sharp sand in full light with good ventilation. When in growth water moderately and apply liquid feed monthly. After flowering reduce watering and keep almost dry when dormant.

FT: June. FH: 40-50cm (16-20”).

LEUCOJUM A family of attractive plants resembling the Snowdrop but much larger. They do best in moist conditions.

Plant 7.5cm (3”) deep, 10-20cm (4-8”) apart.

FT: March-May. FH: 15-45cm (6-18”).

LIATRIS Fully hardy. Grow in light, moderately fertile, moist but well-drained soil in full sun. Plant 5cm (2”) deep, 45cm (18”) apart.

FT: July-September. FH: 70cm (27”).

LILIUM The cultural requirements of Lilies are so diverse that only general guidance can be given. The conditions essential for growing Lilies successfully may be generally summarised: a cool rooting medium in open porous soil, perfect drainage and, for most Lilies, shade from hot sun near their roots. These conditions can be readily fulfilled when the bulbs are planted in herbaceous borders or among Azaleas and Rhododendrons. In such positions, the young spring growth is protected from cold winds and the ground is kept cool by the shade of the surrounding plants. This is especially needful in the case of those Lilies which make stem roots, as these are only developed freely in shade. The majority of Lilies should be planted 15-23cm (6-9”) apart, 15cm (6”) deep.

Surrounding the bulb with sand helps drainage and discourages slugs.

Lilies are remarkably resilient to drought but should never be allowed to dry out. Nor do they want to be sitting in a container without drainage, where a period of rain is going to drown them.

Most Lilies grow well in pots. Make sure they are deep enough to allow at least 10cm (4”) of soil above the bulb and use a humus-rich compost. Give liquid feed in the summer. Remove faded flowers as necessary, but don’t cut back the whole stalk until the autumn. Top dress with new soil each spring and re-pot every two years.

The scarlet lily beetle is a growing menace. Spray as soon as you spot any conspicuous adult beetles or their larvae, which are hump-backed reddish-yellow and covered in black slime; these appear from May onwards.

FT: June-August. FH: 45-150cm (18-60”), depending on variety.

LYCORIS Grow in well drained soil in full sun. Plant 9” apart with top 1/4” of the bulb neck exposed. In wet areas best grown in containers. When in growth water freely and feed monthly. Keep dry in summer when dormant. In winter protect with a dry mulch.

FT: August-September. FH: 30-60cm (12-24”), depending on variety.

MIRABILIS Plant in moist but well drained soil in a sunny

position. Plant vertically so that top of tuber is about 2.5cm (1”) below ground level 30cm (12”) apart. Lift in winter and store in a dry frost-free building.

FT: June FH: 60cm (24”).

MUSCARI Very easy to grow, this is a useful and popular clump-

forming plant, producing splashes of colour in the rockery or at the edges of beds and borders. Usually blue (but not always), they are frequently planted between taller bulbs such as tulips and daffodils. They can also be used for naturalising in woodland or planted in swathes. Plant 7cm (3”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart.

FT: April-May, depending on variety. FH: 10-20cm (4-8”).

NARCISSUS PAPERWHITES Do very well if planted in pots

filled with a good quality potting compost. Keep them moist and warm and you will get excellent results. Can also be planted in pebbles with water up to the base of the bulb. Paperwhites look their most attractive when planted in tight bunches, and perform so much better when crowded together. You will get 4/5 blooms to a stem and 2/3 stems from each bulb: for example, planting 7 bulbs in a bowl could produce as many as 60+ blooms. Place directly in window and they will flower in 6 to 8 weeks.

FH: 40cm (16”).

NECTAROSCORDUM A stately plant for the wild garden or

herbaceous border, which is closely related to Allium. Ideal for naturalising. Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 30cm (12”) apart.

FT: May-June. FH: 85cm (33”).

NERINE Once planted they do not like to be disturbed. Plant

in a sunny location 8cm (3”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart. Nerine Bowdenii are recommended for outdoor planting in a sunny spot, with the neck of the bulb just above soil surface. Other Nerines can be grown in cool greenhouses or as a conservatory plant.

FT: September-October. FH: 30-60cm (12-24”).

ORNITHOGALUM They should be planted about 8cm (3”)

deep and 10cm (4”) apart. Umbellatum and Nutans are very suitable for naturalising in light woodlands or under trees.

Arabicum requires lifting and storing in a cool dry place.

FT: April- September. FH: 15-80cm (6-32”), depending on variety.

OXALIS Ideal for borders and rockeries, they are also excellent

as pot plants. Plant in a sunny situation about 5cm (2”) deep and 13cm (5”) apart in ordinary well-drained soil.

FT: April-November, depending on variety. FH: 10-20cm (4-8”).

PAEONIA Needs to become established before flowering really well, as flower buds are formed in spring. Select a situation facing north-west, south-west or west, so that early morning sun does not fall on the buds. Before planting, trench the ground as deeply as possible, working in a good dressing of rotted manure. Care should be taken, however, that this does not come in contact with the roots. Do not plant too deeply, the topmost eye should be 1.5cm (1/2”) below ground level. During the growing season an occasional application of weak liquid manure is beneficial. It may not flower in the first year, and will not be fully established for three years.

FT: May-July. FH: 45-100cm (18-39”) depending on variety.

PANCRATIUM Plant in deep containers 15-20cm (6-8”) deep

in John Innes no.2 with added grit, when in growth water freely and apply liquid feed monthly. Outdoors, grow in well drained soil in full sun. Half hardy to frost tender.

FT: July-August. FH: 25cm (10”).

PICTORIAL MEADOWS MIXTURE

Preparing the soil early spring or autumn to remove any grass or weeds. Prepare the plot to a depth of 20cm (8”), or 10cm (4”) in previously planted plots. Ensure the area is prepared to a fine tilth, wait a few weeks, then clear off any weeds that may have grown, either with a systemic weed killer or by hand. It is most important that the site is completely free of weeds.

Sowing the seed A quick and simple method is to mix the seeds with sand and scatter evenly over the area. The sand will help you see where you have sown. The seed needs light to germinate, so rake in trying not to bury the seed. The suggested sowing is 2-3g per square metre.

The perfectionist’s way Divide the area to be sown into metre squares, measure out the seed required for one square metre, and pour this into a see-through plastic cup. Mark the depth on the side of the cup - this saves having to weigh the seed each time. Pour one measure of seed onto a shovel and spread evenly over one of the metre squares using a stick to tap the seeds off the end of the shovel. Gently rake the seed into the soil but don’t bury the seeds, as they need light to germinate.

Maintenance At the end of the flowering season, the dead stalks should be cut off and removed, and the area sprayed to kill off any grass or weeds that have grown during the flowering season.

PLEIONE Will always grow well in the house or greenhouse but

must be protected from frost. Plant with tip of bulb just above the surface. They like moist compost during the growing season, and should then be rested and allowed to dry out completely. Liquid feed can be used at two-weekly intervals.

FT: 4 to 6 weeks after planting. FH: 15cm (6”).

POLIANTHES Plant bulbs in pots or containers in well drained

soil with added compost 10cm (4”) deep, 20cm (8”) apart. Do not water until leaves appear, water moderately while in active growth and feed with liquid fertilizer every two weeks. They

require full sun. Once risk of frost has passed pots can be put outside on the patio.

FT: August-October. FH: 60-100cm (24-39”).

PUSCHKINIA This dainty Scilla-like plant is most suitable for growing in clumps in a sunny rockery or planting in drifts. Plant 8cm (3”) deep, 8cm (3”) apart.

FT: March-April. FH: 10-15cm (4-6”) dependent upon variety.

RANUNCULUS These may be planted either in spring or autumn in any well-drained soil in a sunny position. Soak tubers in cold water for several hours before planting. Excellent for cutting. Plant with claws down, 7-10cm (3-4”) deep.

FT: May-September. FH: 20-30cm (8-12”).

RHODOHYPOXIS Bears many delicate star-shaped flowers.

Excellent for containers or a very well-drained border, with prolific flowering throughout the summer. Plant in soil which is lime free, 5cm (2”) deep. Full sun is essential.

FT: June-September. FH: 5-10cm (2-4”).

ROSCOEA

Orchid-like flowers preferring rich well-drained soil. Hardy perennial plants of the Ginger family requiring sun or partial shade. Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 15cm (6”) apart. Mulch over winter.

FT: July-August. FH: 15-25cm (6-10”).

SANDERSONIA Requires a sheltered sunny position with well-

drained soil, and staking. Once lifted they should be stored in a frost-free place for the winter. Ideal for growing in a conservatory or greenhouse using well-drained, loam-based compost. Plant 5cm (2”) deep, 30cm (12”) apart.

FT: July-August. FH: 75cm (30”).

SANGUINARIA The Bloodroot woodland plant originates from North America. Suitable for moist, shaded conditions and rich

soil. Plant 2.5cm (1”) deep, 15cm (6”) apart.

FT: April-May. FH: 10-15cm (4-6”).

SCADOXUS Plant 1 bulb in 20cm (8”) pot using John Innes

no.2 compost with the tip of neck at soil level, keep in full light but shaded from hot sun. When in growth water freely and apply half-strength liquid feed monthly. As leaves fade dry off completely, re-pot in spring if necessary.

FT: July-September. FH: 30-40cm (12-16”).

SCHIZOSTYLIS The perfect autumn-flowering plant for garden or greenhouse. Plant outdoors in late spring in rich, well-drained moisture-retentive soil at a depth of 5cm (2”) 30cm (12”) apart.

Thrives in sun or light shade. Protect crowns in winter with peat or leaf mould.

FT: September. FH: 50-60cm (20-24”).

SCILLA Attractive when planted in drifts; being dwarf and compact they are also effective in borders. Excellent naturaliser and can be left undisturbed for years. Plant as soon as possible after delivery in well drained moist soil in full sun or light shade.

5-10cm (2-4”) deep, 7.5-15cm (3-6’) apart, depending on variety.

FT: January-February or March-June, depending on variety.

FH: 8-30cm (3-12”) depending on variety.

SPARAXIS Makes a fine cut flower. Plant in a light sunny

position in well-drained soil, 7.5cm (3”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart.

Protect from severe frosts during the winter. Long-lasting.

FT: July-August. FH: 25cm (10”).

SPREKELIA Plant each individual bulb 5cm (2”) deep in a 9cm pot using John Innis No 3, with the neck of the bulb just above the level of the soil. Water well and keep moist but not waterlogged. Liquid feed every two weeks once in flower. During the winter keep the bulbs dry in their pots.

FT: Spring and Autumn. FH: 15-30cm (6-12”).

STERNBERGIA (LILY OF THE FIELD) Lutea Finest of all

the Sternbergias, with large bright yellow globular flower. Plant 12.5cm (5”) deep, 12.5cm (5”)apart in well-drained chalky soil.

Leaves do not appear until spring. Free-flowering once established.

Full sun is essential, and protection from strong winds.

FT: September-October. FH: 10-15cm (4-6”).

TIGRIDIA Plant 7.5cm (3”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart, in welldrained soil in a sunny position. The longer they are established the more prolific they will become. Lift bulbs in the autumn, store in dry peat and keep frost-free.

FT: July-August. FH: 45cm (18”).

TRILLIUM Thrives in moist, well-drained humis-rich soil, in

partial shade where they make luxuriant foliage and produce beautiful large 3-petalled flowers. Plant 7.5cm (3”) deep, 30cm (12”) apart. Protect from slugs.

FT: May-June. FH: 30-40cm (12-16”).

TRITELEIA A graceful plant which can also be used for cut

flowers. Plant 8cm (3”) deep, 8cm (3”) apart. They are very effective for naturalising and may be left undisturbed for years.

FT: April-August, depending on variety. FH: 35-100cm (14-39”) depending on variety.

TRITONIA Garden borders - plant in light well-drained sandy

soil in a sheltered spot in full sun. 10cm (4”) deep, 15cm (6”) apart. Greenhouse - Plant in loam based potting compost water sparingly until leaves appear once in full growth water freely.

Protect from severe frost.

FT: May-July. FH: 15-20cm (6-8”).

TROPAEOLUM Will thrive almost anywhere but prefers a sunny position and well-drained soil. A perennial climber growing up to 2 metres in height. Plant rhizomes horizontally just under the surface 30cm (12”) apart and divide in the autumn.

FT: June-August. FH: 100-200cm (39-78”).

TULBAGHIA Plant outside in well drained humus-rich loamy

soil in full sun. Protect with a dry mulch in winter. Greenhouse and Conservatory - Plant in loam based potting compost (John Innes no.2) in full light. Water freely when in growth, reduce water when in flower and keep almost dry when dormant. Plant 2.5cm (1”) deep, 20-30cm (8-12”) apart.

FT: June-August. FH: 45-60cm (18-24”).

TULIPA Tulip bulbs should be planted in late autumn when

temperatures have cooled down, any time up to the end of November; they do not start rooting as early as other bulbs, and should be kept cool when first planted. Bulbs are best lifted to guarantee flowering the following year, bulbs that are left in the ground may only produce a 30-40 percent return the following year. Plant in well-drained, fertile soil in a sunny spot. For Tulips that are to be left in the ground after flowering, pull off old leaves and stems once they have withered and be sure not to leave any tulip petals rotting on the ground. Keep site relatively clear of other vegetation during the summer so that the bulbs receive the sun’s warmth to ripen them. Apply an annual dressing of either potash-rich fertiliser or sulphate of potash in late winter or early spring, before young shoots appear. After flowering the tulips can be dug up if the site or containers are otherwise needed, and the bulbs - complete with foliage - can be planted in an odd corner of the garden out of the way until the leaves turn yellow. Once the leaves have turned completely yellow, lift again and place in boxes in a dry shed or garage where they will be warm but not in direct sunlight. When dry, clean off the old stems, roots and soil and keep the bulbs for replanting in the autumn. Plant 8-10cm (3-4”) deep.

FT: March-May, depending on variety. FH: 10-70cm (4-28”) depending on variety.

After you plant your Tulips try planting Crocus over the top and enjoy these forerunners of spring before the Tulips.

UVULARIA An unusual woodland plant with upright stems

that hook over at the end: clusters of long narrow yellow buds then appear which open out into Lily-like flowers. Requires welldrained, humus-rich soil. Thrives in partial shade. Plant 2.5cm (1”) deep, 22.5cm (9”) apart. Hardy.

FT: April-June. FH: 30-40cm. (12-16”).

WATSONIA Can be planted out successfully provided they are

in well-drained soil rich in humus, and fully exposed to the sun.

Plant 10cm (4”) deep, 30cm (12”) apart. Flowers throughout the summer. Lift in the autumn, allow corms to dry in a warm room before storing in a frost free place.

FT: Aletroides August-September. FH: 25-30cm (10-12”).

FT: Meriana June-August. FH: 125cm (49”).

FT: Peach Glow August-September FH: 125-150cm (49-59”).

ZANTEDESCHIA AETHIOPICA This is the only fully hardy

member of the family. Plant crown 15cm (6”) deep, 45cm (18”) apart, in moist soil and cover with a deep mulch in winter.

FT: June-September. FH: 60-80cm (24-32”).

All other varieties are for the greenhouse or conservatory. Plant 1 rhizome 7.5cm (3”) deep in a 15cm (6”) pot.

FT: June-September, depending on variety. FH: 40-90cm (1636”), depending on variety.

ZEPHYRANTHES It is essential that these are kept well-drained,

and planted in free-draining, sandy soil. Plant 5cm (2”) deep, 10cm (4”) apart. Thrives best in full sun.

FT: Late Summer. FH: 10-25cm (4-10”), depending on variety.

To give plants the opportunity to build up food reserves after flowering, the foliage must be allowed to remain until it starts to discolour.

GENERAL PLANTING AND CULTURAL INSTRUCTIONS When to plant If bulbs are planted in grass, mowing may only take place after the bulb foliage has died off sufficiently, (Narcissi, Crocus and Chionodoxa are suitable naturalising bulbs). It is best to plant as soon as you receive the delivery of your bulbs. If that is not possible open the bags to admit air and place them in a cool, well ventilated room with a temperature of about 60o F. How to plant Bulbs will flourish in almost any type of soil, provided it is welldrained and reasonably cultivated. Very heavy, as well as light sandy soil can be improved by forking in compost or peat.

Depth to plant Failures with bulbs are most frequently due to their having been planted too deeply or too shallow. Unless otherwise stated, a good general rule to follow, is to cover the bulb with soil one and a half to twice its own depth, measuring the bulb from the base to the shoulder. Thus a Daffodil bulb measuring 2 inches (5cm) from the base to the shoulder should be covered with 3-4 inches (8-10cm) of soil.

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