ELLEN WARFIELD Portfolio~2021
ELLEN WARFIELD
ellenmwarfield@gmail.com 419-345-8046
CONTENTS + THE PRODUCTIVE FOREST
Productive, Sustainable, and Educational Agricultural Systems
+ BUS STOP PARKLET
Elevating the Public Transportation Experience
+ UNWASTED LAND
An Investigation into Landfills and Wildlife Corridors
+ QUARRY TRAILS
Conceptual Renderings for Columbus Metro Parks
+ ECOLOGICAL CENTER
Creating a Site Plan, Grading Plan, and Construction Details
+ LANDSCAPE OF TREES
Increasing Urban Canopy Cover and Restructuring the Education System
THE PRODUCTIVE FOREST: Productive, Sustainable, and Educational Agricultural Systems
Site: Waterman Farm; Ohio State University Owned Agricultural Learning Landscape Location: Columbus, Ohio Type: Master Planning, Site Design, Agricultural Landscape, Recreation Planning, Campus Planning, Ecological Design Tools: AutoCAD, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe InDesign, Adobe Photoshop, Rhinoceros 3D Team: Yiran Yang Taking into consideration the history of agricultural and forested landscapes in the United States, along with the ever-growing climate crisis, this project aims to utilize the Green New Deal as a beginning framework for re-imaging agricultural systems in the United States. The Productive Forest seeks to challenge the idea that agricultural land and forested land must work in opposition, but rather, imagines a productive agricultural landscape that is completely forested. Pattern making was used as a method for realizing the 261 acre master plan, with fluidity working as the central concept. The design utilizes fluidity to create a dynamic landscape with six unique ecological typologies (wetland, forest, orchard, wildlife corridor, tree crop, and pasture), all with different purposes, products, and planting densities. With this, different productive outputs would be expected and desired as each ecological system matures over time. The design is also meant to serve a dynamic role between typologies, with the locations and boundaries of each ecological typology shifting as natural processes and management needs dictate. A closer look shows the role of Waterman Farm as an educational facility within the Ohio State University campus. As is shown with the Wetland-Pasture Dorm Community, this landscape will serve as a location where students are able to live, work, study, and socialize. By serving the educational, environmental, and nutritional needs of the community, this project aims to show Waterman Farm’s potential as a model urban agricultural park.
WATERMAN FARM MASTER PLAN.
Existing Forest
Bus Stop
Dorms
Wetland
Dorms Student Lounge
Nursery
Elevated Path
Shelter Belt
Crop Field
Extension Building
Dorms Forest Orchard
Animal Barns
Dorms Pasture Formal Garden
400’
N
Bus Stop
Existing Sport Fields
Connective Garden
SAMPLE OF ECOLOGICAL TYPOLOGIES Wetland
Forest
Paw Paw Orchard
Wetland 0-5 Years
Water Drains from Crop Land Water Tolerant Species
6-20 Years
>20 Years
Aquatic Habitat
Sun Tolerant Crops Shade Tolerant Crops
Forest
0-5 Years
Native Ohio Trees
6-20 Years
Bird Habitat
>20 Years
Crops Planted in Understory
New Trees
Maintenance and Collection
Pigs Forage
Paw Paw Orchard 0-3 Years
Soybeans
4-6 Years
Hybrid Poplar
Shade From Poplars
Paw Paws
7-12 Years
Non-Fruit Bearing Paw Paws
>12 Years
Pumpkins, Sweet Corn, or Wheat
Fruit Bearing Grassland Mix Paw Paws
Bus Shelter
Forest Ecology Relaxation Area
Experiential Wetland
Wetland Processing Station
S-2
Low Ropes Course Hammock Grove
Pasture Ecology
S-1
Lounge Net
Elevated Path
Livestock Enrichment S-3
Wetland-Pasture Dorm Community
WETLAND-PASTURE DORM COMMUNITY
Creek
Dorm Community Location
Creek Lookout Platform
Wetland Ecology
Boardwalk Gathering Space
Ecotone Trail
Pasture Ecology
WETLAND-PASTURE DORM COMMUNITY SECTIONS
S-1: Wetland Dorm and Boardwalk
S-2: Low Ropes Course
S-3: Elevated Path and Pasture
WETLAND DORM PORCH DYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE
BUS STOP PARKLET: Elevating the Public Transportation Experience
Site: Public Bus Stop Location: COTA Bus Stop at Sullivant Ave and Hillitonia Ave in Columbus, Ohio Type: Site Design, Modular Design, Transportation Planning, Construction Planning Tools: AutoCAD, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe InDesign, Site Survey Team: Yichen Yin and Ricky Feria Partnership: Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA) and Neighborhood Design Center With the goal of reducing the stigma around public transportation in Columbus, Ohio, the Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA) created a plan to introduce parklets at bus stops as a way to elevate the experience of riding the bus. Through a partnership between COTA, the Neighborhood Design Center, and Ohio State’s Knowlton School, students were given the opportunity to work in teams to design these bus stop parklets. I, along with two fellow students, imagined a space that would extend the sidewalk into the street, creating opportunities for additional seating and the introduction of plants at the site. The project provided an opportunity to work through a design from conceptual sketches, through budgeting and more detailed drawings, to construction and completion.
BUS STOP PARKLET
BUS STOP PARKLET COMPONENTS Parklet Plan Reflectors on Planter Edge
Rubber Curb
Pacific Blue Juniper
Ipe Tiles ADA Loading Zone
Seating
Connector Bridge Concrete Filled Tree Lawn
Drainage Between Parklet and Sidewalk Existing ADA Landing Pad
Bus Stop Sign Trash Can
Existing Bus Shelter
Circulation Diagram
Bus Exit
Movement Zone Waiting Zone Circulation Direction
Bus Entrance
UNWASTED LAND:
An Investigation into Landfills and Wildlife Corridors Site: Generic Site; Along Highway Location: Ohio/Midwest Type: 3D Modeling, Grading, Vegetation Planning, Site Design, Habitat Planning Tools: Adobe Illustrator, Adobe InDesign, Adobe Photoshop, Rhinoceros 3D, Physical Modeling, Trnio While we as humans all contribute to the waste steam, most of us have had little interaction with landfills beyond giving a passing glance while driving down the highway. Additionally, these large mound-like structures contribute little to biodiversity, often covered in a thin layer of soil and short grass. This project challenges current landfill construction practices, looking for ways to better utilize human waste to create landforms with more visual appeal and greater benefit to plants and wildlife. This design aims to utilize the form of the landfill to connect wildlife habitat. Highways often form divisions in wildlife habitat, placing a strain on wildlife populations and creating dangerous situations for wildlife and human populations as animals attempt to cross roadways. Through the creation of two landfill forms on each side of a highway, which are then connected by a bridge, animals are able to cross over the roadway safely. By separating organic material out of the waste stream, part of the waste stream can then be composted and used as a soil amendment on top of the landfill. With the ability to alter the landfill soil composition, this will allow for greater diversity in the plant communities chosen to cover the landfill. Placement of these communities will be first aimed at guiding wildlife away from the roadway and over the bridge. Secondly, the placement of plant communities will be guided by the characteristics of and placement of the landform.
INSIDE THE LANDFILL
ARRANGEMENT OF WASTE WITHIN THE LANDFILL Process of Composting Green and Brown Waste 1. Layer Brown and Green Waste
2. Waste in the Center Decomposes First
Landfill Stratigraphic Column Compost amended soil with composition matched to selected plant communities.
Non-organic items break down into smaller pieces. Decomposition occurs slowly or not at all.
3. Mix Layers to Ensure Even Decomposition
4. Periodically Mix Until All Waste Decomposes
5. Add Compost to Soil and Place on Landfill
Compost pH
Lower pH (acidic): More green waste Neutral pH: Even mix of green and brown waste Higher pH (basic): More brown waste; More aeration during composting
Landfill liner and leachate collection
MODELING A LANDFILL AND A WILDLIFE CROSSING
Sand Model 1: Basic Landfill Form is Created and Compost is Prepared in Windrows
Contours 1: Basic Landfill Form is Created and Compost is Prepared in Windrows
Sand Model 2: Compost Amended Soil Alters Landfill Terrain and Wildlife Bridge is Created
Contours 2: Compost Amended Soil Alters Landfill Terrain and Wildlife Bridge is Created
PLANS: A LANDFILL AND A WILDLIFE CROSSING
N
Defining Microclimates
Most Sun Exposure/Warmest Medium-High Sun Exposure Medium-Low Sun Exposure Least Sun Exposure/Coolest Water Drainage Greatest Road Exposure Greatest Soil Depth
40’
Defining Vegetation Communities Broad Definitions Grassland Shrubland Wet Forest Dry Forest
Community Types
N
40’
Pin Oak Mixed Hardwood Forest Maple-Hickory Mesic Floodplain Forest Silver Maple-Elm-(Cottonwood) Forest Cottonwood-Black Willow Forest Black Oak-White Oak-Hickory Forest Midwestern White Oak-Red Oak Forest Central Mesic Tallgrass Prairie White Oak-Chestnut Oak-Maple Forest Beech-Oak-Red Maple Flatlands Limestone-Dolomite Prairie Juniper Alvar Shrubland Midwest Dry-mesic Prairie Black Oak/Lupine Barrens Lakeplain Wet Prairie Western Allegheny Tall Shrub Rich Fen Midwest Sand Barrens Black Willow Riverbank Shrubland
Site Usage Grassland Shrubland Parking
Wet Forest Dry Forest
Interpretive Signage
Recreational Trail
Pollinator Watch Wetland Crossing
Extended Research Trail Bridge View
Woodland Walk Elevated Views Mist Nets
Transect Survey Trail Cameras
Soil Tests
N
40’
at
d an
ation C ge t Ve
hanges
na
ge
alamander Ha nd S bit
Dra i
Wa ter
Co
lle
a on c ti
S-2
U
ro v
el
otection ree Pr er T d n Tra il P
De er Tr av
S-1
es id
ldl Wi
i fe V
iewing Oppo rtu nit ies
SECTIONS: A LANDFILL AND A WILDLIFE CROSSING S-1
S-2
Section Locations
50’
G
life Over the Wild Br
idg
e s
n
es uid
Ha bit at i
Veg et at io
Scale
o Pr
e vid
d fo
r Migrating Bird s
QUARRY TRAILS:
Conceptual Renderings for Columbus Metro Parks Site: Quarry Trails Metro Park; Former Quarry Location: Columbus, Ohio Type: Conceptual Plan Rendering Tools: Adobe Illustrator, Adobe InDesign, Adobe Photoshop, AutoCad Team: Bill Buescher, RLA (Design Ideas and AutoCad Plan) While interning with Columbus and Franklin County Metro Parks, I had the opportunity to work with Bill Buescher of the Planning and Design team during the early stages of planning for Quarry Trails Metro Park. This new park design is located on the site of a former quarry, located along the Scioto River in Columbus, Ohio. This 223 acre park aims to provide adventure opportunities for the people of Central Ohio, including kayaking, rock climbing, mountain biking, hiking, and sledding. The plans depicted here illustrate some of the earliest ideas for this park space. Through conversations within the design department and utilization of my graphics skills, I was able help bring these ideas to life.
KAYAK AND SKATING LOOP
Picnic Area
Kayak Training Loop in Summer
Shelter and Storage Zipline
Island Seating
Ice Skating Loop in Wnter
LAKE VIEWS AND ROCK CLIMBING ACCESS
Rock Climbing
Overlook
Suspended Walkway
Lake Level Boardwalk
Cliffside Trail
MULTI-USE HILL FOR SUMMER AND WINTER RECREATION
Faux Snow Tubing Runs
Parking
Multi-Use Hill: Mountain Boarding, Sledding
Exercise Stairs
Zipline Shelter and Fire Pit
Bioretention
ECOLOGICAL CENTER: Creating a Site Plan, Grading Plan, and Construction Details
Site: Open Lot in Urban Neighborhood Location: Columbus, Ohio Type: Site Planning, Grading, Construction Details, Learning Landscape Tools: AutoCad, Graphite Drafting Pencils, Scale, Trace Paper In order to gain experience with site planning, grading, and creating construction details, an open lot in a Columbus neighborhood was chosen as a study location. With an apartment complex currently residing on the site, the new design for this space was to include an ecological learning center, a wetland demonstration space, an outdoor education space, a community gathering space, a parking area, and a bus shelter. My goal in creating the design was to utilize topography and vegetation to create unique spaces within the site where visitors would be able to have different experiences. A shaded parking lot prioritizes tree cover. The large figural landform offers opportunities for relaxation and a place for viewing performances in the pavilion below. Using a ramp system, visitors are able to visit a rooftop garden and experience city views. Paths leading through grassland and wetland planting areas provide learning opportunities connected to the ecological center.
URBAN ECOLOGICAL CENTER GRADING PLAN
PROGRAM AND PLANTING PLAN
Section
STAIRS-RAMP-TREE SECTION
STAIRS-RAMP-TREE DETAILS
LANDSCAPE OF TREES:
Increasing Urban Canopy Cover and Restructuring the Education System Site: Columbus Public School Grounds; Open Space in Downtown Columbus Location: Columbus, Ohio Type: Urban Planning, Site Design, Interactive Landscapes, Ecological Connectivity Tools: Adobe Illustrator, Adobe InDesign, Adobe Photoshop, AutoCad, Rhinoceros 3D, Physical Modeling, ArcGIS As the landscape has become more urbanized and the effects of climate change are becoming evident, urban design must aim to link fragmented habitat, provide relief for changing environmental conditions, and connect local residents with nature. The work included here comes from a larger study of the current tree scape in Columbus, Ohio. With a goal to increase canopy cover city wide, the ideas presented aim to imagine how restructuring the education system could lead to an increase in the number of trees in urban areas, with the ultimate goal of creating forested playgrounds, green corridors, tree access in areas with low canopy cover, and communities that are conscious about environmental decision making. The design was realized in multiple parts. 1. Re-imagining Curriculum and the Schoolyard: Current curriculum goals in the state of Ohio and current school yard landscapes were examined. A design plan was created that would lead to forested playgrounds, environmentally focused curriculum, and leadership opportunities for students. This system would help increase urban canopy cover and would connect into a city tree corridor. 2. The Singing Forest and the Educational Corridor: A tree corridor was imagined that would connect educational institutions throughout the city of Columbus. The corridor would provide opportunities for educational exchange, student service, and community learning and relaxation. The Singing Forest is one example of a tree scape that would be found along this green corridor. This design would provide opportunities for visitors to learn about trees and connect with local businesses.
SINGING FOREST MODEL
CANOPY COVER AND SCHOOL LOCATIONS
Elementary School Middle School High School Post-Secondary 31-45% Canopy Cover 21-30% Canopy Cover 11-20% Canopy Cover 0-10% Canopy Cover 5 Miles
CREATING A TREE CENTERED LEARNING EXPERIENCE
Traditional Classroom Setup
Disconnect
Traditional Play Opportunities
Playground with Minimal Tree Cover
/
Current Classroom and Playground
Urban Ecosystem Centered Learning
Connected
Future Classroom and Playground
Play Connects with Tree Scape
Tree Covered Playground
Off Campus Tree Corridor
COLUMBUS DOWNTOWN MAP: EDUCATION TREE CORRIDOR
High Street
Broad Street
Scioto River Scale: 1000’ Singing Forest Site Location Existing Education Buildings Existing Green Spaces Phase 1 Corridor (10 Years) Phase 2 Corridor (20 Years) Phase 3 Corridor (30 Years)
THE SINGING FOREST: AN INTERACTIVE TREE SCAPE
BARK TEXTURE, MUSIC THEORY, AND PLANTING DESIGN
1. Photographic samples for each tree species were used to map the bark texture of that species for each stage of life.
1
2
Young Redbud
3
4
Mature Redbud
5
Old Redbud
2. Collected bark texture data could then be used to represent a unique set of musical notes. Each note would be linked to the intensity of bark texture in sampled locations.
3. Because bark texture data is considered from multiple points within a tree’s lifespan, the full range of music notes serves as an auditory timeline of each species’ life.
Planting Locations
4. A unique set of 15 notes for each species is then added to a planting plan. Planting spaces on site are laid out to mimic the lines on a music staff. Visitors to the site can explore the link between tree bark texture and music theory.
INTERMEDIATE SITE PLANS
Site Plan: Year 1 Stanton’s Sheet Music
Trees Planted in Current Year
Trees Planted in Previous Years Sun Tolerant Native Seed Mix Planting
Columbus Downtown High School
*15 trees of the same species added each year utilizing the bark mapping to music theory method
Site Plan: Year 10 Stanton’s Sheet Music
Trees Planted in Previous Years Shade Tolerant Native Seed Mix Planting
Sun Tolerant Native Seed Mix Planting Trees Planted in Current Year
Columbus Downtown High School
EXPLORING THE SINGING FOREST PHONE APPLICATION Young Bark
Mature Bark
Eastern Redbud Eastern Redbud Sounds Species Specific Sound Trail Selected Species User Location Location Specific Plant Mix
Height: 20-30’ Spread: 25-35’ Sun: Full Sun/ Partial Shade Bloom: Pink Flowers-April Bark Sounds
Unselected Species
Map
THE SINGING FOREST: DYNAMIC SECTION Year 30
Year 15
Year 1
Singing Forest Map
Old Bark
FINAL SITE PLAN: YEAR 21
Stanton’s Sheet Music
Trees Planted in Current Year Trees Planted in Previous Years
Wide, Tree Lined Sidewalk Serves as Connective Bike Path
Columbus Downtown High School
ELLEN WARFIELD
ellenmwarfield@gmail.com 419-345-8046