Mind Map – Unit 15 PAST PERFECT SIMPLE FORMA AFFERMATIVA soggetto + had + participio passato del verbo I had called her several times.
FORMA
FORMA NEGATIVA soggetto + hadn’t + participio passato del verbo She hadn’t eaten at lunch.
azioni avvenute prima di:
un momento passato He had eaten too much pasta before the race. un’azione passata espressa con il Past simple After they had had lunch, they watched a film.
nel discorso indiretto con il Past simple di say, tell, ecc. She said she had been ill. nei testi narrativi It was almost noon and Lukas was sleeping. The day before he had driven from Milan to Palermo…
FORMA INTERROGATIVA Had + soggetto + participio passato del verbo + ? Had they left? RISPOSTE BREVI Yes, soggetto + had./ No, soggetto + hadn’t. Yes, they had./No, she hadn’t.
USO
dopo il Past simple di be sure, believe, think, ecc. I thought he had made all the arrangements. dopo le espressioni It was the first/second/… time It was the first time Lara had seen the sea. con how long…?, for e since per parlare della durata di un’azione passata He had slept for two hours. con gli avverbi e le espressioni di tempo che si usano con il Present perfect simple (already ever/never, ecc.) We had just landed in Delhi.
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