Drottningholm Palace - Stockholm - Sweden - University Conservation Project - Legislation
County Hall - Northallerton - Renovation & Interior Design Scheme to a Grade II* Listed Building
The
Type: Residential property
Project: Personal project. Repairs and interior design.
Description: Repairs and interior design scheme to a residential farmhouse in Cumbria. Grade II listed building in North England. Drawings, moodboards, etc. Work in progress.
The Lounge: Repairs to lime plastered wall with new lime plaster and lime top coat. New breathable clay paint to the walls and eggshell paint to the woodwork. Reinstallation of a new timber panelling around the whole room.
Liaised with the council’s conservation officer to confirm whether conservation approval was required. In this case, it was not necessary as the works were limited to repairs only.
Next page:
Bedroom Renovation:
New paneling and shelf to one wall, new decorations and new carpet. Timber repairs to existing window.
New breathable clay paint to the walls and ceiling and eggshell paint to the woodwork.
Liaised with the council’s conservation officer to confirm whether conservation approval was required. Some amendments had to be In this case, it was not necessary as the works were limited to repairs only.
Bathroom Concept: Work in progress
Concept for a bathroom renovation at the farm house.
Liaising with the council’s conservation officer to confirm whether conservation approval is required. Initial liasing with carpenter and plumber with regards to the works.
FarmHouse
The Lounge Mood board
The Lounge before picture
The Lounge after picture
The Lounge after picture
TheLounge
Moodboard
Concept
Lion Chambers
Hope Street, Glasgow, Scotland, UK UNIVERSITY PROJECT
UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE
Course: Conservation Design Project (Mark: 68%) Web - For additional research and images: https://www. showcase.arch.strath.ac.uk/students/cwy- wx48/
Type: Category A designated building in a conservation area in need of repair & refurbishment.
Year Built: 1904-1907
Historic Client: William George Black
Historic Architect: Salmon, Son and Gillespie
Historic Structural Engineer: Louis Gustave Mouchel, agent for the Hennebique concrete system and engineer
T.J. Gueritte
Historic Contractor: Hennebique Leeds West Yorkshire
Current ownership: Complicated owner structure with several owners
State of decay: Very poor, derelict (Ground floor in use).
Site & Description: The Lion Chambers is a Category A designated building in the heart of Glasgow City Centre in Scotland.
Project Task:
The project aims to conserve the seven storeys reinforced concrete building and the late Georgian stone building situated next door to the Lion Chambers.
We researched the history and construction of the building as a group. We looked at the site and historical maps, the original design and significance, understanding the construction and the interiors, building condition and mapping.
We worked individually on design brief, concept and precedents, proposals and conservation summary. We also touched on the environmental aspects and 3D visuals/ sketches.
Proposal:
In addition, a new use as a creative co-working and learning space is proposed. This mixed-use proposal includes a refurbished restaurant area and bar, roof top tearooms and a garden terrace, including a crèche for busy entrepreneurs.
The site
HolyroodPalace
Edinburgh,
Scotland, UK
UNIVERSITY PROJECT UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE
Condition, causes and proposals of the north-west façade & the entrance area
Course: We investigated Holyrood Palace in 4 various essays/reports where I provided some of my own illustrations.
Web - Materials & Decay Report: https://issuu.com/elina_maria/docs/ab982_materials_ and_decay_report
Type: Grade A designated palace situated in the Old Town Conservation area and within a world Heritage Site. Year Built: The initial restoration work of the Palace started in 1669. By 1676 the scheme was revised to include the rebuild of the west front of the Palace and the grand entrance. The contract of 1772 specified details of work to the front façade*
Historic Client: Charles II etc.
Historic ‘Architect’ & Master Masons: Sir William Bruce, Master Mason Mylne and possibly James Smith.
Current ownership: Queen Elizabeth II State of decay (Entrance area): Poor
Project Task:
Our main task was to get a better understanding of the architectural and construction history of the builidng and its decay especially to the entrance area in 3 essays/ reports. We used various research methodologies in the following areas:
- Written Material (Litterature, books & reports including archeology reports.)
- Databases & Archival Research (Canmore, Historic England and Historic Environment Scotland etc.)
- Graphic Research (Old and new maps, topographical surveys, our own surveys and mesurements, new and old photographs, archive images, old artwork, creating our own illustrations (2d/3d), condition mapping.)
Site & Description:
Holyrood Palace is the Queen’s official residence in Scotland. Before the palace was built there was Holyrood Abbey which was founded by King David I in 1128.The abbey is a romantic ruin today adjacent to the palace,
The palace has been developed and repaired by various monarchs through history. With the restoration of the monarchy (1660) the palace also needed to be restored to suite a royal and provide a residence for Charles II.
Sir William Bruce was appointed the person who oversaw the Kings buildings in Scotland in July 1671 under the patronage of the Duke of Lauderdale.Today the significant entrance area has again fallen into disrepair showing various pathologies of stone decay.
Conclusion:
Wind and driving rain together with pollutants has affected the stone work. The façade is also facing he predominant wind direction which is an environmental factor which affects the stonework.
Edinburgh (and Glasgow) has a strong industrial heritage which also brought along pollutions like coal Smog, acid rain and other chemical pollutants. Manufacturing in the form of breweries, ship manufacturing at the Leith docs, fishing industry, pottery making factories (Portobello), printing and publishing factories etc. were all part of Edinburgh industrial heritage.
Cleaning of the stonework in the 1970’s with harsh chemicals can also possibly have accelerated the decay of the stone.
The large overhang from the roof has probably helped to protect the wall from some rain, even though we have seen some tendency towards decay at upper levels, maybe perhaps due to broken flashing in the past.
With regards to climate change, rain water pipes installed over 100 years ago may not be sufficient anymore due to increase of rain.
The stone should be used ‘on bed’ which is the same plane that was horizontal at the quarry should be used horizontally on the building or there will be an increase risk of accelerated weathering. Some stones may have not been fitted correctly.
A maintenance plan should be in place for preventative conservation of the and should be studied and updated as appropriate.
*Bibliography: Ewart, G. and Gallahager, D. (2013) Monastery and Palace. Scotland: Historic Scotland
Siteplan of the palace in Edinburgh. (Amended by Author, 2020)
Sketch drawing of the entrance portal to gain a better understanding of the main elements. (By Author, 2020)
Schematic first floor diagrams of the possible development of the palace of Holyrood. Based on drawings, OS maps and books. (By Author, 2020)
Condition mapping of the entrance portal (Groupwork by Strathclyde University students, 2020)
MonteathMausoleum
Necropolis, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
UNIVERSITY PROJECT UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE
Course: Materials & Decay (Mark 72%) Type: Mausoleum Year Built: Approximately 1842 Historic Architect: David Cousin State of decay: Very poor, derelict.
Project Task:
To investigate the building fabric condition of the Monteath Mausoleum in Glasgow Necropolis. Assess condition changes from 2017/2019 and compare it with any changes to its condition of 2020 and give a brief historical overview of the area and mausoleum. The condition survey is based on ICOMOS-ISCSIllustrated glossary on stone deterioration patterns.
Site & Description:
The Necropolis is a large Victorian cemetery in Glasgow of 37 acres and it was built in 1831 when it was converted from the previously known Fir Park to the Necropolis. It is the final resting place of Major Archibald Douglas Monteath who served in the East India company as an officer and his brother and his brother James Monteath Douglas were also buried here.
Conclusion:
There does not seem to be major differences in the decay of the stone from one year to another. However, there is additional erosion to the columns at high level in the recessed upper bays. The north side is not as eroded as the south side and not as decayed when comparing the north with the south side however, the north side has a larger amount of black crust. This difference is possibly due to many complex factors but the south side is more exposed to sunshine, UV light, wetting and water evaporation. The north side has possibly less changes in the stones temperature and other environmental factors on a daily basis.
The base seem to have more biological content, which can be an indication of damp. The fact that the building sits in a puddle on the north side when it rains heavy and the pathway is sloping towards the building is not a good combination. Since the sandstone is very porous there would most likely be capillary action and rising damp, which accelerates any decay. Water is running down the columns when raining at the higher level recessed bays, decaying them quickly. There is also more biological content on the base in 2020 compared to other years which may be a sign of additional dampness within the stone, possibly due to more rainfall. It looks like the plinth and the window sills are in a better state since they don’t seem to be eroding so maybe they are made from another type of stone? Generally the weakness of the stone plays a large role that this building has decayed so quickly during a couple of hundred years and its exposed position with wind and pollution.
Necropolis of Glasgow, drawing c. 1850. Monteath is based to the far right in the drawing. (Canmore,1850)
The Mausoleum.(By Author, 2020)
Condition mapping of the mausoleum, showing various decay to the sandstone. (Groupwork by Strathclyde students, 2020)
Drottningholm Palace
Drottningholm, Stockholm, Sweden
UNIVERSITY PROJECT
UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE
Course: AB980 Legislation and Regulations. (Mark 72%)
Type: The Drottningholm Palace is the private residence of the Swedish royal family. Parts are also open to the general public. It is within a world Heritage Site.
Year Built: 1662-1699
Historic Architect: Nicodemus Tessin
Project Task: A Comparison of Heritage Legislation & Procurement Between the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Scotland and Drottningholm Palace in Sweden.
Site & Description:
The Palace is situated on the island Lovön in Ekerö Municipality of Stockholm County. The world heritage site includes the Drottningholm Palace, the Chinese Pavillion, the Palace Theatre, Canton Village, the gardens and part of Malmen area. The Palace is a well-preserved building which originally was built in the late 17th century between 1662-1699 after drawings by Nicodemus Tessin. It replaced the previous Palace after the fire in 1661.
Conclusion:
The legislation in Scotland and Sweden are two differ- ent countries with many similarities in their approach to conservation legislation and process. However, there are aslo many differences, as well. The fact that Sweden as a country started their heritage legislation already in year 1666 gives the country slightly more experience learning from any mistakes.
At times I do feel that the legislation is very detailed in Sweden with what you can and can’t do with a historic building, to the level of what colour to use and the fact that the notes in the detailed development plans are set in law while in the Uk (to my understanding) it is guidance only and detailed information about the heritage building is not added to the development plans.
Another example is that there are many new keywords to deal with in the Swedish legislation, and you do not always find a similar version of it in the English legislation.
The essay made comparisons between the countries. And it gave a basic overview of what to consider during a heritage conservation project at the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh and the Drottningholm Palace in Stockholm, Sweden with regards to legislation.
The first legislation in Sweden with regards to antiquities / national heritage is from year 1666.
The first National Antiquarian in Sweden was Johannes Bureus (1568–1652).
He sparked the Kings interest in a national heritage which was called antiquities during that period. He travelled through Sweden to document runestones and other ancient monuments.
Location & Site plans of Drottningholm Palace in Sweden.
Drottningholm Palace in Sweden.
County Hall Renovation
County Hall, Brierly Building, Northallerton, North Yorkshire, UK WORK
Type: Office building - Grade II Listed *
Project: Renovation of County Hall and interior design scheme.
RIBA Stages: Stage 2-3 and 6-7
Date: June 2015
Description: County Hall is the headquarters for North Yorkshire County Council and Jacobs UK Ltd was commissioned to carry out renovation and internal works. (Later the project moved over to Mouchel and Align due to TUPE)
The Brierley Building is the Grade II* listed civic build- ing in Northallerton, home to North Yorkshire County Council. It was originally designed by Walter Brierley and John Demaine for North Riding County Council in 1895-1906. Due to its age a number of ornate ceilings were in need of replacement throughout the building.
These were identified during a routine condition survey. It was also noted that asbestos was present. Among the ceilings affected was one to the Council’s main meeting chamber. The remedial works required Listed Building Consent. The building also contained the offices of many of the key County Council staff, as well as being the only facility to hold formal public Council meetings. This presented an additional and very considerable challenge, as the building would need to remain in use throughout the works. Working with Historic England we agreed how much of the original installation could be maintained and how much needed to be removed.
My Role:
• Stage 2 Concept Design to 3 Spatial Coordination and stage 6 Manufacturing and Construction up to stage 7 Handover.
• I created the interior concept design & material/colours scheme.
• I assisted the contract administrator during renovations and attended site meetings during construction.
• I created the room data sheets for the interior project.
• Sample boards were created where the end users could get a feel for the colours and materials. A traditional approach to the colour scheme and materials were choosen to the classical rooms in keeping with existing.
