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GUIDANCE FOR THE COMPILATION OF SAFETY DATA SHEETS FOR FERTILIZER MATERIALS Copyright 1996 - EFMA

This publication has been prepared by member companies of the European Fertilizer Manufacturers’ Association (EFMA). Neither the Association, any individual member company nor any individual representative of the member company can accept liability for accident or loss attributable to the use of the information given in this Booklet.

Users of this Booklet are advised to consult the latest regulations before preparing their own Safety Data Sheets, as changes in regulations may have been made since its publication.

CONTENTS 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Introduction Scope General Guidance Detailed Points Abbreviations

3 3 4 4 7

APPENDICES 1.

2.

Model Safety Data Sheets EC Directive on Safety Data Sheets: 93/112/EC

8 114

1.

INTRODUCTION The requirement for the provision of Safety Data Sheets originates from the classification, Packaging and Labelling Council Directives 67/548/EEC for substances and 88/379/EEC for preparations. Detailed particulars of the specific information to be covered by Safety Data Sheets are described in the Directive 91/155/EEC and its amendment 93/112/EC. In addition to the normal product properties, Safety Data Sheets are required to provide health hazard and ecotoxicological information which is generally difficult to obtain and interpret. A number of EFMA members expressed the view that it would be useful to share the relevant information from the member companies and produce a uniform set of Safety Data Sheets. These could serve as models on which the member companies could base their own Safety Data Sheets.

This would also avoid the possibility of different information appearing on various Safety Data Sheets for similar products and confusing the customers. In response, EFMA has produced this guidance Booklet which includes model Safety Data Sheets for 13 fertilizer materials/products and other relevant information.

2.

SCOPE Only a small number of fertilizer substances or preparations are classed as dangerous and therefore legally require Safety Data Sheets to be produced and provided in accordance with the above mentioned Directives. They are:

• • • • •

Ammonia, anhydrous Ammonia Solution Nitric Acid Phosphoric Acid Sulphuric Acid

However, in the interest of good Responsible Care and to provide basic product information for the user, model Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) were also produced for the common fertilizer materials listed below:

• • • • • • • •

Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer Ammonium Nitrate Solution Ammonium Sulphate Calcium Ammonium Nitrate Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP) NPK Fertilizer (Ammonium Nitrate based) Urea

Model Safety Data Sheets for the above 13 products are given in Appendix 1.

3.

GENERAL GUIDANCE

Of the thirteen products covered, some are pure substances e.g. ammonia, and others are preparations.

The model Safety Data Sheets contain the sixteen obligatory headings or sections as described in the Directives 91/155/EEC and 93/112/EC; a copy of 93/112/EC is included in Appendix 2.

A number of abbreviations have been used in the SDSs. They are described fully in Section 5.

It is assumed that companies would produce Safety Data Sheets displaying their letterhead particulars on the front page. A number of blank spaces have been left in the SDSs where they will need to fill in their own particulars e.g. sections 1.2 and 1.3.

The NPK Fertilizer Safety Data Sheet covers a wide range of ammonium nitrate based formulations which adequately represent the three categories (Types A, B and C) in the UN Transport System. It contains sufficient relevant information to enable one to produce separate Safety Data Sheets for nonhazardous category (Type C), self-sustaining decomposition category (Type B) and oxidising category (Type A4). Much of the information will be common to all these. The NPK Fertilizer SDS is applicable only to ammonium nitrate based products.

The main purpose of the model SDSs is to provide guidance to the member companies on the required technical content. It is recognised that many companies would have a standard format for the SDSs for their range of products and therefore they may require to make some changes to the model SDSs.

4.

DETAILED POINTS Section 1.1 – Designation This is in terms of the EEC Fertilizer Directives. Non-fertilizer products do not have a designated name.

The expected labelling change from EEC Fertilizer to EC Fertilizer has been shown in the designated names, although at the time of the preparation of this Guidance this change has not been officially adopted.

EINECS Number is applicable for pure substances. For preparations it is not relevant.

Section 1.2 – Company Particulars of E-mail, if available and convenient to use, can be included in this section.

Section 2.1 - Nature of Ingredients and Concentration In a number of cases, companies would need to fill in their own data relating to composition, analysis etc.

Section 2.2 - Classification Most of the solid products listed in Section 2 are essentially pure substances, containing only small amounts of other ingredients. In the case of liquid products e.g. acids, they are aqueous solutions.

Therefore reference is made to the Substances Directive 67/548/EEC regarding classification in these cases. However, if companies wish to refer to the Preparations Directive 88/379/EEC instead, they may do so. In the case of products which are obviously mixtures e.g. CAN, the applicable Directive should be 88/379/EEC.

Section 8.1 - Occupational Exposure Limits Companies should include the relevant national values/criteria.

Section 8.3 - Personal Protection In the model SDSs the description “suitable” for personal protective equipment has been used to mean that which meets the correct standard for the required duty. Where national regulations or Industry Codes specify any particular types or standards, reference should be made to them.

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties Of the list of property items given in the Directive only those properties which are relevant have been included in most cases. Another option is available which is to list all the items stated in the Directive and respond with “not applicable” or “not relevant” comment where appropriate. Companies are advised to choose whichever option they wish and produce their SDSs accordingly.

Section 11.2 - Toxicity Data Detailed toxicological information such as LD50 values from different sources has not been presented in the model Safety Data Sheets so as to avoid confusion. Instead, where appropriate, information is given as to whether LD50 value of the product is greater than or less than the classification threshold figure of 2000mg/kg.

For a number of substances, toxicological data are available from different sources. The main ones are listed below; most of them are updated regularly. If individual companies wish to include such data in their Safety Data Sheets, they should refer to the relevant sources.

• • • • • • •

HEDSET Data Sheets NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances MSDS, Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Database SAX, Dangerous Properties of Industrial Chemicals WHO/IARC, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risks to Humans NIOSH/OSHA, Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards

Section 11.3 - Other Data This section should give information on various health hazards such as carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and teratogenicity.

Where no information is available, there are two ways of preparing the relevant entry in the SDS: one way is not to make any statement and the other is to state the non-availability of information ‘No information is available on mutagenicity’. The EFMA Group prefers the first option and recommends that negative statements should not be included as they can give a false impression and run the risk of becoming invalid if some information is subsequently published.

Section 15.2 - National Laws Companies should list national legislation relevant to safety, health and environment in this section.

Section 16 - Other Information This section should provide any other information which might be of importance for safety, health and environment, for example:

• • • • • • •

HEDSETS/Data dossiers produced for ‘Existing Chemicals’ (ref: EEC Regulation 793/93) company’s technical brochures company, industry or regulatory code of practice sources of key data used to compile the SDS training advice where appropriate uses of product

Footnotes The footnotes have been included in some of the model Safety Data Sheets to explain the range of products covered or not covered. In most cases companies would not require such footnotes in their own Safety Data Sheets as their products would be specific and there would be appropriate Safety Data Sheets to cover them.

5.

ABBREVIATIONS USED ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists ADR European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (in French: Accord european relatif au transport international des marchandises Dangereuses par Route) AN Ammonium Nitrate BC Bulk Cargo CAN Calcium Ammonium Nitrate CAS Chemical Abstracts Service DAP DiAmmonium Phosphate DIN Deutsche Industrie-Norm EC European Community EEC European Economic Community EFMA European Fertilizer Manufacturers’ Association EINECS European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances HEDSET Harmonised Electronic Data Set IARC International Agency for Research in Cancer IATA International Air Transport Association ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation IMDG International Maritime Dangerous Goods (Code) LC50 Lethal Concentration (Median) for 50% of the population under test LD50 Lethal Dose for 50% the population under test MAP MonoAmmonium Phosphate MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet N Nitrogen NIOSH National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health NOx Oxides of Nitrogen NPK Compound Fertilizer containing the nutrients Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration (USA) PVC Poly Vinyl Chloride RID Regulations Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail (in French: Règlement concernant le transport International ferroviaire des marchandises Dangereuses) SDS Safety Data Sheet STEL Short Term Exposure Limit TLM Threshold Limit Median TLV Threshold Limit Value TWA Time Weighted Average UN United Nations WHO World Health Organisation

APPENDIX 1 MODEL SAFETY DATA SHEETS Index Ammonia, anhydrous Ammonia Solution Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer Ammonium Nitrate Solution Ammonium Sulphate Calcium Ammonium Nitrate Diammonium Phosphate Monoammonium Phosphate Nitric Acid (20 - <70% HNO3) NPK Fertilizer (Ammonium Nitrate Based) Phosphoric Acid Sulphuric Acid Urea

9 18 27 36 44 51 59 66 73 82 91 99 107

AMMONIA, ANHYDROUS 1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms

CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

Ammonia, Liquid Ammonia, Liquified Ammonia, Anhydrous Ammonia. See Note 1.

7664-41-7 231-635-3 Ammonia, anhydrous NH3

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Essentially pure ammonia containing minute levels of water (normally <1000ppm).

2.2 classification Toxic according to EEC classification

3.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health Ammonia is toxic by inhalation, corrosive to all parts of the body and liquid splashes can cause severe cold burns.

Skin Contact

•

Liquid ammonia splashes may produce severe cold burns to skin. Vapour in presence of moisture is an irritant to the skin.

Eye Contact • Liquid ammonia splashes may cause permanent damage to eyes with the full effects not being apparent for several days. Vapours can cause irritation and watering of eyes and at high concentrations can cause severe damage.

Ingestion • Will immediately cause severe corrosion of and damage to the gastro-intestinal tract.

Inhalation • Ammonia odour threshold 5-25ppm. Concentrations in the range 50-100ppm may cause slight irritation following prolonged exposure. Immediate eye, nose and throat irritation may occur with ammonia levels between 400-700ppm with symptoms of slight upper respiratory tract irritation persisting beyond the period of exposure. At higher concentrations, above 1000ppm, severe eye and upper respiratory tract irritation can develop following a short period of exposure. Exposure to ammonia in excess of 2000ppm for even short periods may result in severe lung damage and could be fatal. Fluid build up on the lung (pulmonary œdema) may occur up to 48 hours after exposure and could prove fatal.

• Exposure to concentrations grossly in excess of the occupational exposure limit may lead to permanent respiratory impairment.

Long term effects • No evidence of adverse effects at exposure below occupational exposure limits.

3.2 Environment Ammonia is toxic to aquatic life.

3.3 Other Fire, heating and explosion • Flammable but difficult to ignite in open air. In an enclosed space ammonia air mixtures may be flammable/explosive.

• Danger of tank or cylinder bursting when heated.

• Large leaks of liquid ammonia may produce a dense cloud, restricting visibility.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Speed is essential. Remove affected person from further exposure. Give immediate first aid and obtain medical attention.

Skin Contact

•

Drench with large quantities of water. In case of frost bite (freeze burns) clothing may adhere to the skin. Defrost with care using comfortable warm water.

• Remove clothing and wash affected parts.

• Obtain immediate medical attention.

Eye Contact

•

Immediately irrigate the eyes with eyewash solution or clean water for at least 10 minutes.

• •

Continue irrigation until medical attention can be obtained.

Hold eyelids open during flushing.

Ingestion

• •

Do not induce vomiting.

If the person is conscious, wash out mouth with water and give 2 or 3 glasses of water to drink.

• Obtain immediate medical attention.

Inhalation

• • • • •

Move the injured person to fresh air at once.

Keep the patient warm and at rest.

Administer oxygen if competent person is available.

Apply artificial respiration, if breathing has stopped or shows sign of failing.

Obtain immediate medical attention.

Further medical advice • Keep under medical review for possibility of rapid or delayed tracheal, bronchial and pulmonary œdema.

• Progressive ocular damage may arise.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES Ammonia vapour and liquid spills are difficult to ignite, particularly in the open air. In an enclosed space, mixtures of ammonia and air within the limits (16-27%), might cause explosion if ignited. Cold, dense cloud of ammonia may impair visibility.

• • •

Attempt to isolate source of leak.

Use foam, dry powder or CO2.

Use water sprays to cool fire-exposed containers and structures, to disperse vapours and to protect personnel. Do not spray water into liquid ammonia.

• Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES • • • • • • • • • • •

7.

Those dealing with major releases should wear full protective clothing including respiratory protection. See Section 8.

Evacuate the area down-wind of the release, if it is safe to do so.

If not, then stay indoors, close all windows and switch off any extraction fans or electrical fires.

Isolate source of leak as quickly as possible by trained personnel.

Ventilate area of spill or leak to disperse vapours.

Remove ignition sources.

Consider covering with foam to reduce evaporation.

Contain spillages if possible.

Use water sprays to combat gas clouds. Do not apply water directly into large ammonia spills.

Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses.

Inform appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses or drains.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

7.1 Handling • • • •

Avoid skin and eye contact and inhalation of vapours.

Provide adequate ventilation.

Control atmospheric levels in compliance with occupational exposure limits.

Wear full protective equipment where there is a risk of leaks or splashes.

7.2 Storage • •

Store containers tightly closed in a cool, well ventilated area.

Keep away from heat, ignition sources and incompatible substances. (See Section

10.3.)

• •

Do not permit smoking in the storage area.

Follow appropriate Industry or National codes for bulk and container (cylinder) storage.

8.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Recommended occupational exposure limits • TLV/TWA : 25ppm = 17mg/m3 ACGIH (Tab. 1995-96) • TLV-STEL : 35ppm = 24mg/m3 ACGIH (Tab. 1995-96) 8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures • Provide local exhaust ventilation where appropriate.

• Provide safety showers and eye washing facility at any location where skin or eye contact can occur.

8.3 Personal Protection • Wear suitable breathing apparatus if exposure levels exceed the recommended limits.

• •

9.

Wear cold insulating PVC gloves, rubber boots, PVC suit.

Use chemical safety goggles or full face shield.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH water solution (conc. 1%) Freezing point

Colourless gas at ambient temperatures Pungent, suffocating.

11.7.

-77.7°C.

Boiling point Flammability Auto-ignition temperature Vapour pressure Relative vapour density

-33.4°C at 101.3kPa. In the region of 16-27% NH3 by vol. in air at 0°C. 651°C. 1013kPa at 25°C. 0.6 (air = 1).

Solubility in water

Extremely soluble, e.g. 529g/l at 20°C.

Solubility in organic solvent Liquid density Gas density

Soluble in alcohol, acetone, chloroform 0.6386g/cm3 (at 0째C, 101.3kPa).

0.7714g/l (at 0째C, 101.3kPa).

10.

STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

10.1

Stability

Thermally stable in reaction terms at design storage conditions. Heat input can cause liquid to vapourise.

10.2

Conditions to avoid

Physical damage and heating of containers.

10.3

Materials to avoid •

Ammonia reacts violently with hypochlorites, mercury and halogens producing unstable compounds which are liable to explode.

• Attacks copper, zinc, aluminium, cadmium and their alloys.

• Reacts with mercury and silver oxide to form compounds that are sensitive to mechanical shock.

• Ammonia gas can react violently with nitrogen oxides and strong acids.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

NOx from combustion.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

Ammonia is toxic by inhalation and corrosive to all parts of the body.

11.2

Toxicity Data

Skin Contact

• • • •

Vapour, in the presence of moisture, is an irritant to skin.

Liquid splashes or vapour spray can cause chemical or freeze burns.

Eye Contact Low vapour concentrations can cause irritation and watering of eyes, higher concentrations (above 1000ppm) can cause severe damage.

• Liquid splashes may cause permanent damage with the full effects not being apparent for several days.

Inhalation

• • • • • • •

Odour threshold 5ppm for some and 25ppm for most people. At 50-100ppm irritation experienced by most people.

Depending on ammonia vapour concentrations, exposure may cause immediate eye, nose and throat irritation, coughing, difficulty in breathing. At high concentrations exposure, even for short periods, may result in severe lung damage.

Pulmonary œdema may occur up to 48 hours after severe exposure and could prove fatal.

EEC classification: Toxic (EEC Toxic criterion for gases and vapours: Median Lethal Concentration - 4 hour exposure: 500 to 2000mg/m3).

Exposure to concentrations greatly in excess of the occupational exposure limit may lead to permanent respiratory impairment.

Ingestion

• 11.3

Will immediately cause corrosion of and damage to gastro-intestinal tract.

Other Data • •

No adverse effect has been evaluated by IARC as regards carcinogenicity.

Ammonia is not mutagenic in Ames Salmonella test.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Very soluble in water. NH4+ ion is adsorbed by soil.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability • •

In the soil, ammonia is quickly oxidized by microorganisms to nitrate ion.

In fresh water, it may be nitrified by microorganisms or adsorbed on sediment particles and colloids. Substantially biodegradable in water.

• In the atmosphere, it may be degraded by photolysis or neutralised by acid pollutants of the air.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

Low potential.

12.4

Ecotoxicity •

Free (non-ionised) ammonia in surface water is toxic to aquatic life, however the ammonium ion which predominates in most waters is not toxic. In the event of water

contamination with ammonia, ammonium salts which may be formed will not present a toxic hazard. Increases in pH above 7.5 leads to an increased level of non-ionised ammonia. â&#x20AC;˘ LC50 (96 hour) (various species) <1mg/l. Studies in fish have shown that repeated exposures produce adverse effects on growth rate at concentrations greater than 0.0024mg/l.

EC50 (Daphnia magna) (48 hour) 24.4-189mg/l.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Disposal should be in accordance with local or national legislation. For further advice contact manufacturer.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN Classification

Class 2 Gases, Division 2.3 Toxic Gas, UN No 1005. See Note 1.

14.2

Details • •

ADR/RID, Class 2, Item 3¡(at), Label: 6.1. See Note 2.

IMDG, Class 2 (2.3) , Label 2.3 + Label subsidiary risk 8

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EC Directives

classification and labelling according to Directive 67/548/EEC

classification:

Toxic

Hazard symbol: Risk Phrases:

T, A skull and cross-bones

Safety Phrases:

R10: Flammable R23: Toxic by inhalation S7/9: Keep containers tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place

.

S16: Keep away from sources of ignition. No smoking.

S38: In case of insufficient ventilation wear suitable respiratory equipment.

S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).

See Note 3.

15.2

National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION

The information in this Safety Data Sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

NOTES: 1. This Safety Data Sheet is for anhydrous ammonia which carries UN No 1005. For solutions with ammonia between 10% and 35%, a separate Safety Data Sheet has been produced. For other ammonia solution products companies should consider producing separate data sheets. Much of the information provided in the above two Safety Data Sheets can be used with appropriate changes.

2. Classification details changed in the draft RID/ADR 1997. Please refer to up-to-date regulations.

3. If the product is sold to the general public, safety phrases S1, S2 and S45 are also required.

AMMONIA SOLUTION 1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 Identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms

CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

Ammonia Liquor, Aqua (or Aqueous) Ammonia, Ammonium Hydroxide. See Note 1.

1336-21-6 215-647-6 Ammonia, aqueous solution Main ingredient NH4OH

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No Telephone No

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Solution of ammonia in water, concentration .......% (>10,<35%).

• • Main ingredient NH4OH. 2.2 classification Corrosive according to EEC classification.

3.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health Ammonia solutions are corrosive to all parts of body.

Skin Contact

•

May produce severe skin burns.

Eye Contact

•

May produce serious damage to eyes.

Ingestion

•

Will immediately cause corrosion of and damage to the gastro-intestinal tract.

Inhalation

•

Ammonia vapours: odour threshold 5-25ppm. Vapours are irritating to respiratory system: the intensity of irritation is dependent on NH3 concentration. Fluid build-up on the lung (pulmonary œdema) may occur up to 48 hours after exposure and could prove fatal. Exposure to concentrations greatly in excess of the occupational exposure limit may lead to permanent respiratory impairment.

See Section 11.2.

Long term effects

•

No evidence of adverse effects at exposure below occupational exposure standards.

3.2 Environment Ammonia is toxic to aquatic life.

3.3 Other Ammonia vapours are flammable but difficult to ignite in open air. In an enclosed space ignition of ammonia air mixture in the flammable range can give rise to explosion hazard.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES

4.1 Product Speed is essential. Remove affected person from further exposure. Give immediate First aid and obtain medical attention.

Skin Contact

• •

Drench with large quantities of water.

Remove contaminated clothing and continue to wash the affected parts.

•

Obtain medical attention.

Eye Contact

•

Immediately irrigate the eyes with eyewash solution or clean water for at least 10 minutes.

• •

lontinue irrigation until medical attention can be obtained.

Hold eyelids open during flushing.

Ingestion

• •

Do not induce vomiting. lf the person is conscious, wash out mouth with water and give 2 or 3 glasses of water to drink.

• Obtain immediate medical attention.

Inhalation

• • • • •

Move the injured person to fresh air at once.

Keep warm and at rest.

Administer oxygen if competent person is available.

Apply artificial respiration, if breathing has stopped or shows sign of failing.

Obtain immediate medical attention.

Further medical advice • Following severe exposure, the patient should be kept under medical review for at least 48 hours as delayed pulmonary Œdema may develop.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES Aqueous ammonia does not burn. Ammonia vapours are difficult to ignite.

• • •

Suitable extinguishing media include foam, dry powder, water.

Use a water spray to disperse vapours, protect personnel and cool tank.

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES Those dealing with major releases should wear full protective clothing including respiratory protection.

See Section 8.

• • • • • • • •

7.

Evacuate the area down-wind of the release, if it is safe to do so.

If not, then stay indoors, close all windows and switch off any extraction fans or electrical Fires.

Isolate source of leak as quickly as possible by trained personnel.

Ventilate area of spill or leak to disperse vapours.

Contain spillages if possible.

Use water sprays to combat gas clouds.

Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses.

Inform appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses or drains.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • • • • •

Avoid skin and eye contact and inhalation of vapours.

Provide adequate ventilation.

Wear eye and hand protection when handling small quantities.

Wear full protective clothing where there is a risk of splashes or leakage.

Use caution in opening sealed containers (due to possible pressure build-up).

7.2 Storage •

Store in cool, well ventilated area, away from heat, ignition sources and direct

sunlight.

• • • •

Keep away from incompatible substances. (See Section 10.3.)

Do not permit smoking in the storage area.

Protect containers from corrosion and physical damages.

Suitable materials for containers are: mild steel, stainless steel, polyethylene, polypropylene.

8.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits The following values apply to ammonia vapours • TLV/TWA: 25ppm = 17mg/m3 ACGIH (Tab. 1995-96) • TLV-STEL: 35ppm = 24mg/m3 ACGIH (Tab. 1995-96)

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures • Local exhaust ventilation where appropriate.

• Provide safety showers and eye washing facility at any location where skin or eye contact can occur.

8.3 Personal Protection Wear suitable breathing apparatus if exposure levels exceed the recommended • limits.

• •

9.

Wear PVC gloves, boots, plastic apron, PVC suit.

Wear chemical safety goggles or full face shield.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH water solution (conc. 1%)

Colourless solution.

Pungent, suffocating.

11.7.

Freezing point Boiling point Flammability vapours)

-72.4°C (30% NH3).

28.3°C at 101.3kPa (30% NH3).

16-27% NH3 by vol in air at 0°C.

(ammonia

Auto-ignition temperature Vapour pressure Relative vapour density Solubility in water Solubility in organic solvent Density at 15°C

Some aqueous solutions of ammonia, e.g. 26% NH3, have a vapour pressure such that the equilibrium composition in the air can be within the flammability limits.

651°C (NH3 vapours).

73kPa at 20°C (30% NH3).

0.6 (air = 1).

Miscible in all proportions.

Soluble in alcohol.

0.950g/cm3(12.74% NH3).

0.880g/cm3 (35.20% NH3).

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

Thermally stable under normal conditions of storage.

10.2

Conditions to avoid

Heat, direct sunlight and physical damage of container.

10.3

Materials to avoid •

Can react violently in contact with acid, strong oxidants, halogens, acrolein, acrylic acid, dimethyl sulphate, silver nitrate, silver oxide, hypochlorite, mercury, etc.

• Ammonia solutions are corrosive to copper, zinc, aluminium and their alloys.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

When heated, solution will release ammonia vapours.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

Ammonia solutions are caustic and therefore, highly irritating to eyes, skin and mucous membranes.

11.2

Toxicity Data

Skin Contact

• •

Vapour, in the presence of moisture, is an irritant to skin.

Liquid splashes may cause chemical burns or blisters if contact is prolonged.

Eye Contact

•

Ammonia vapours emitted from ammonia solutions can cause irritation and watering of eyes, severe damage can occur at high concentrations.

• Liquid splashes may cause caustic damage and hence permanent damage to the eyes.

Inhalation

•

Ammonia vapour has odour threshold of 5ppm for some and 25ppm for most people. At 50-100ppm irritation experienced by most people.

• Exposure to ammonia vapours may cause respiratory tract irritation, coughing, and difficulty in breathing. At high concentration exposure, even for short periods, may result in severe lung damage which could be fatal.

• Pulmonary Œdema may occur up to 48 hours after severe exposure and could prove fatal.

• Exposure to ammonia concentrations greatly in excess of the occupational exposure limit may lead to permanent respiratory impairment.

• Anhydrous ammonia is classed as toxic.

(EEC Toxic criterion for gases and vapours: Median Lethal Concentration - 4 hour exposure: 500 to 2000mg/m3.)

Ingestion

• 11.3

Will cause severe corrosion and damage to gastro-intestinal tract.

Other Data • •

No adverse effect has been evaluated by IARC as regards carcenogenicity.

Ammonia is not mutagenic in Ames Salmonella test.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Very soluble in water. NH4+ ion is adsorbed by soil.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability • •

In the soil, ammonia is quickly oxidized by micro-organisms to nitrate ion.

In fresh water, it may be nitrified by micro-organisms or adsorbed on sediment particles and colloids, substantially biodegradable in water.

• In the atmosphere, it may be degraded by photolysis or neutralized by acid pollutants of the air.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

Low potential.

12.4

Ecotoxicity

Free (non-ionised) ammonia in surface water is toxic to aquatic life, however the ammonium ion which predominates in most waters is not toxic. In the event of water contamination with ammonia, ammonium salt which may be formed will not present a toxic hazard. Increases in pH above 7.5 leads to an increased level of non-ionised ammonia.

LC50 (96 hour)(various species) <1mg/l. Studies in Fish have shown that repeated exposures produce adverse effects on growth rate at concentrations greater than 0.0024mg/l.

EC50 (Daphnia magna)(48 hour) 24.4-189mg/l.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Disposal should be in accordance with local, or national legislation. Further advice may be obtained from manufacturer.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN Classification

Class 8, Corrosive Substances, UN 2672

14.2

Details • •

ADR/RID: Class 8, Item: 43°(C), Label: 8 Packaging Group III IMDG: Class 8, Label: 8, Packaging Group III

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EEC Directives

classification and labelling according to EC Directive 67/548/EEC classification: Danger symbol/s: Indication/s of danger:

Corrosive Representation of acid action C, Corrosive

Risk Phrases:

R34: Causes burns R37: Irritating to respiratory system S7:Keep containers tightly closed S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.

S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).

See Note 2.

Safety Phrases:

82/501/EEC and 87/216/EEC (Seveso Major Accident Hazard)

15.2

National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION

The information in this safety data sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

NOTES: 1. This Safety Data Sheet applies to ammonia solution, relative density between 0.880 and 0.957 at 15째C in water, with more than 10% but not more than 35% ammonia.

For other ammonia solution products e.g. 35% - 50% range solution, UN No 2073, this safety data sheet can provide much of the information, but will need appropriate changes to be made.

2. If the product is sold to the general public, safety phrases S1 and S2 are also required.

AMMONIUM NITRATE FERTILIZER 1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

EC Fertilizer, Ammonium Nitrate See Note 1.

6484-52-2 299-347-8 Ammonium Nitrate NH4NO3

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company Telephone No. and/or official Advisory Body Telephone No.

2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Contains:

• • •

x% ammonium nitrate y% additives/inert fillers z% total combustible material (Products with N>28% must not contain more than 0.2% total combustible material, including organic material calculated as carbon).

• not more than 0.02% chloride • not more than 10ppm copper

2.2 classification Not classed as hazardous material according to EEC Directive 67/548/EEC.

3.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health The fertilizers are basically harmless products when handled correctly. However, the following points should be noted.

Skin Contact

•

Prolonged contact may cause some irritation.

Eye Contact

•

May cause irritation following contact.

Ingestion

• •

Small quantities are unlikely to cause toxic effect.

Large quantities may give rise to gastro-intestinal disorders and in extreme cases (particularly in the very young) formation of ('blue baby' syndrome) and cyanosis (indicated by blueness around the mouth) may occur.

Inhalation

•

High dust concentrations of air-borne material may cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tract with symptoms such as sore throat and coughing.

Long term effects No adverse effects are known.

• Fire and thermal decomposition products • Inhalation of decomposition gases, containing oxides of nitrogen and ammonia, can cause irritation and corrosive effects on the respiratory system. Some lung effects may be delayed.

3.2 Environment Ammonium nitrate is a nitrogen fertilizer. Heavy spillage may cause adverse environmental impact such as eutrophication in confined surface waters or nitrate contamination. See Section 12.

3.3 Other Fire, heating and detonation • The fertilizer is not itself combustible but it can support combustion, even in the absence of air. On heating it melts and further heating can cause decomposition, releasing toxic fumes containing nitrogen oxides and ammonia. It has high resistance to detonation.

Heating under strong confinement can lead to explosive behaviour.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Skin Contact

•

Wash the affected area with soap and water.

Eye Contact

•

Flush/irrigate eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10 minutes. Obtain medical attention if eye irritation persists.

Ingestion

• • •

Do not induce vomiting.

Give water or milk to drink.

Obtain medical attention if more than a small quantity has been swallowed.

Inhalation

• •

Remove from source of exposure to dusts.

Obtain medical attention if ill effects occur.

4.2 Fire and decomposition products Skin Contact

• •

Wash areas in contact with molten material copiously with cold water.

Obtain medical attention.

Inhalation

• • • • •

Remove from the source of exposure to fumes.

Keep warm and at rest even though no symptoms may be evident.

Give oxygen, especially if there is blueness around the mouth. artificial respiration should only be applied if breathing fails.

Following exposure, the person should be kept under medical review for at least 48 hours as delayed pulmonary Œdema may develop.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES 5.1 If fertilizer is not directly involved in the Fire Use the best means available to extinguish the Fire.

5.2 If fertilizer is involved in the Fire Call the Fire brigade.

• • Avoid breathing the fumes (toxic). Stand up-wind of the Fire.

• Use a self-contained breathing apparatus if fumes are being entered.

• Use plenty of water.

• Do not use chemical extinguishers or foams or attempt to smother the Fire with steam or sand.

Open doors and windows of the store to give maximum ventilation.

Do not allow molten fertilizers to run into drains.

Prevent any contamination of fertilizer by oils or other combustible materials.

If water containing fertilizer enters any drains or watercourse, inform the local authorities immediately See also Section 3.

• • • •

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES •

Any spillage of fertilizer should be cleaned up promptly, swept up and placed in a clean labelled open container for safe disposal. Do not allow to mix with sawdust and other combustible or organic substances.

• Depending on the degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as a fertilizer on farm or to an authorised waste facility.

• Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains and inform the appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

7.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • •

Avoid excessive generation of dust.

Avoid contamination by combustible (e.g. diesel oil, grease, etc.) and incompatible

materials.

• •

Avoid unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere to prevent moisture pick-up.

When handling the product over long periods use appropriate personal protective equipment, e.g. gloves.

7.2 Storage • • • • • • • •

8.

Locate away from the sources of heat or Fire.

Keep away from combustible materials and substances mentioned under Section10.3.

On farm, ensure that the fertilizer is not stored near hay, straw, grain, diesel oil, etc.

Ensure high standard of housekeeping in the storage area.

Do not permit smoking and the use of naked lights in the storage areas.

Restrict stack size (according to local regulations) and keep at least 1m distance around the stacks of bagged products.

Any building used for the storage should be dry and well ventilated.

Where the nature of the bagged product and climatic conditions so require, store under conditions that will avoid product breakdown by thermal cycling (wide variation in temperature). The product should not be stored in direct sunlight to avoid physical breakdown due to thermal cycling.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits • No specific official limits.

• ACGIH recommended value (1995-96) for inhalable particulate: 3 • TLV/TWA : 10mg/m .

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures Avoid high dust concentration and provide ventilation where necessary.

8.3 Personal Protection Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over long periods.

• • Use suitable dust respirator if dust concentration is high.

• After handling product, wash hands and observe good hygiene practice.

9.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH water solution (100g/l) Melting point Boiling point Explosive properties

Oxidizing properties

Bulk density Solubility in water

10.

White or off-white granules or prills.

Odourless. > 4.5.

160-170°C depending on moisture content. > 210°C (decomposes).

Not explosive as per EEC test A14 (67/548/EEC).

The fertilizer has a high resistance to detonation.

This resistance is decreased by the presence of contaminants and/or high temperatures.

Heating under strong confinement (e.g. in tubes or drains) may lead to a violent reaction or explosion especially if there is contamination by some of the substances mentioned under Section 10.3.

Can support combustion and oxidize.

Not classed as an oxidizing material according to Directive 67/548/EEC and test A17.

Normally between 900-1100kg/m3.

Pure ammonium nitrate: 1900g/l of water at 20°C. Hygroscopic - readily picks up moisture from the air.

STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

10.1

Stability

The product is stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.

10.2

Conditions to avoid • • • • •

Heating above 170°C (decomposes to gases).

Contamination by incompatible materials.

Unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere.

Closeness to sources of heat or Fire.

Welding or hot work on equipment or plant which may have contained fertilizer without First washing thoroughly to remove all fertilizer.

10.3Materials to avoid Combustible materials, reducing agents, acids, alkalis, sulphur, chlorates, chlorides, • chromates, nitrites, permanganates, metallic powders and substances containing metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc and their alloys.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products •

When strongly heated, it melts and decomposes releasing toxic fumes; heating of fertilizers under strong confinement (e.g. in tubes or drains) may lead to a violent reaction or explosion especially if there is contamination by substances, specially those mentioned in Section 10.3.

• When in contact with alkaline material such as lime, may give off ammonia gas.

See also Sections 3.3 and 9.

11.

TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

11.1

General

Ammonium nitrate itself is basically harmless when handled correctly. When heated it can give off toxic gases. See Section 3.1.

11.2

Toxicity Data

LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000mg/kg May cause methæmoglobin æmia See Section 3.1.

12.

ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

12.1

Mobility

Very soluble in water. The NO3- ion is mobile. The NH4+ ion is adsorbed by soil.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability

The nitrate ion is the predominant form of plant nutrition. It follows the natural nitrification/denitrification cycle to give nitrogen.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

The product does not show any bio-accumulation phenomena.

12.4

Ecotoxicity

Low toxicity to aquatic life. TLM 96 between 10-100ppm.

13.

DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

13.1

General

Depending on degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as fertilizer on farm or to an authorised waste facility.

14.

TRANSPORT INFORMATION

14.1

UN classification

Class 5, Division 5.1 Oxidizing Substances UN Nos. 2067 and 2068 depending on composition. See Section 14.2.

14.2

Details

Composition

UN No

Class

Transport Mode Particulars

Label

³90% AN ²0.2% combustible inert materials

2067

5.1 (Type A1)

ADR/RID Item 21°(C) IMDG: Packaging gr.: III Stowage cat.: A Code page: 5123 (94)

5.1

>70 and <90% AN ²0.4% combustible inert materials >80 and <90% AN ²0.4% combustible limestone/dolomite

2067

5.1 (Type A1)

2068

5.1 (Type A2)

5.1

Bulk shipments: BC-code, appendix B as above

5.1

as above

5.1

15.

REGULATORY INFORMATION

15.1

EEC Directives • • • •

15.2

16.

76/116/EEC (Law relating to fertilizers) 80/876/EEC (Straight ammonium nitrate fertilizers of high nitrogen content) 87/94/EEC (Resistance to detonation) 82/501/EEC, 87/216/EEC and 88/610/EEC (Seveso Major Accident Hazard)

National laws

OTHER INFORMATION

The information in this Safety Data Sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

NOTE: 1.

The nitrogen content must not be less than 20%.

The designation includes mixtures of ammonium nitrate with chemically inert materials or limestone and/or dolomite. It covers a range of products including UN No 2067 and 2068 products. However, in practice, products containing limestone and/or dolomite and with nitrogen content <28% are designated as Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN). They have no UN numbers assigned; a specific Safety Data Sheet has been prepared for these products.

See EEC Directives 76/116 and 80/876 for full details.

AMMONIUM NITRATE SOLUTION

1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 Identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

EC Nitrogen Fertilizer Solution

6484-52-2 229-347-8 Ammonium nitrate solution (80-93 weight %) Main ingredient NH4NO3

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Hot concentrated solution of ammonium nitrate in water, x% AN

2.2 classification Not classed as hazardous material according to EEC Directive 67/548/EEC.

3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health These solutions are dangerous because of their high temperature and because they attack the skin on account of their oxidizing properties.

Skin Contact • Hot material will cause thermal burns.

Eye Contact • Hot splashes will cause eye burns and permanent eye damage.

Ingestion • This event is most unlikely because of high temperature of product.

• However, small quantities of ammonium nitrate are unlikely to cause toxic effect.

Large quantities may give rise to gastro-intestinal disorders and in extreme cases, formation of methaemoglobin (blue baby syndrome) and cyanosis (indicated by blueness around the mouth) may occur.

Inhalation • Mists and low concentrations of ammonia released from the hot solution may cause irritation of eyes, nose, throat and upper respiratory tract.

Long term effects • No adverse effects are known.

Fire and thermal decomposition products • Inhalation of decomposition gases, containing nitrogen oxides and ammonia, can cause irritation and corrosive effects on the respiratory system. Some lung effects may be delayed.

3.2 Environment Ammonium nitrate is a nitrogen fertilizer. Heavy spillage may cause adverse environmental impact such as eutrophication in confined surface waters or nitrate contamination. See Section 12.

3.3 Other Fire, heating and detonation • When strongly heated, concentrated ammonium nitrate solutions may decompose giving off nitrogen oxides and ammonia.

• Decomposition may start if the solutions become acidic (this is catalysed by Cl, Fe, Co Ni, Cr, Zn and Cu), but can be arrested by correcting the acidity by the addition of gaseous ammonia. Heating under strong confinement can lead to explosive behaviour. Addition of alkaline materials may cause evolution of ammonia vapours.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Skin Contact

• • • •

Do not remove contaminated clothing.

Flush skin immediately with large amounts of cold water.

If possible, submerge affected area in cold water and pack with ice.

Obtain immediate medical attention.

Eye Contact

• •

Flush/irrigate eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10 minutes.

Obtain immediate medical attention.

Ingestion

• • • •

This event is most unlikely because product is hot.

In case of ingestion, do not induce vomiting.

Wash out mouth with water and give 2 or 3 glasses of water to drink.

Obtain immediate medical attention.

Inhalation

•

Ingress of hot solution by inhalation is most unlikely, however, if toxic vapours are inhaled:

• • • • •

Move the injured person to fresh air at once.

Keep the patient warm and at rest.

Administer oxygen, especially if the person is blue in the face.

Apply artificial respiration, if breathing has stopped.

Obtain immediate medical attention.

4.2 Fire and decomposition products Inhalation

• • • • • •

Move the person from the source of exposure to fumes.

Keep warm and at rest even though no symptoms may be evident.

Give oxygen, especially if the person is blue in the face.

Apply artificial respiration, if breathing has stopped.

Obtain medical attention immediately.

Following exposures, the patient should be kept under medical review for at least 48 hours as delayed pulmonary Œdema may develop.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES The product is not combustible, but it will support combustion even in absence of air.

5.1 If fertilizer is not directly involved in the Fire Use the best means available to extinguish the Fire.

5.2 If fertilizer is involved in the Fire • Call the Fire brigade.

• Avoid breathing the fumes (toxic). Stand up-wind of the Fire.

• Use a self-contained breathing apparatus if fumes are being entered.

• Use plenty of water to smother the Fire.

• Cool Fire-exposed containers and structures with water spray.

• If water containing fertilizer enters any drains or watercourse, inform the local authorities immediately.

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES 6.1 Personal precautions Put on protective equipment before entering danger area. (See Section 8.)

• • Keep combustible materials (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled product.

6.2 Environmental precautions • Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains.

• Inform appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

6.3 Methods for cleaning • Swill away small spillage with copious quantities of water.

• Contain large spillage with sand or earth as necessary.

• Allow material to solidify and scrape up.

• Place material in suitable containers for recycle or disposal.

7.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • • •

Wear eye and hand protection.

Provide adequate ventilation.

Avoid contamination, especially with incompatible materials. (See Section 10.3.)

7.2 Storage •

Locate the tanks away from any storage of incompatible substances. (See Section

10.3.)

• •

Protect the tanks from corrosion and physical damages.

Keep solutions above crystallisation temperature to prevent precipitation but they should not be allowed to exceed 150°C. (In transport 140°C as per IMDG Code).

• Check pH of the solution daily. If the pH of a 10% aqueous solution is below 4.5, gaseous ammonia should be added to raise it above 4.5.

• Suitable material for tanks is austenitic stainless steel.

• Do not permit smoking and use of naked lights in the storage areas.

8.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits No official specific limits.

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures • Avoid exposure to vapours and provide local exhaust ventilation where necessary.

• Provide safety showers and eye washing facility at any location where skin or eye contact can occur.

8.3 Personal Protection • In emergency situations, use suitable respiratory protection.

• Wear heat resistant gloves and protective clothing.

• Use chemical safety goggles or full face shield.

9.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES % concentration figures below refer to ammonium nitrate content.

Appearance Colourless clear liquid when free from crystals.

Odour Weak ammonia odour. pH water solution (conc. > 4.5.

10%) Freezing point 110°C (91-93%).

Boiling point 130°C (81.4%); 159°C (93.0%).

Vapour pressure at 100°C 39.6kPa (80%); 22.6kPa (89.9%).

Oxidizing properties Not classed as an oxidizing material according to Directive 67/548/EEC Explosive properties Heating under confinement can lead to a violent reaction or explosion.

Not classed as explosive.

Solubility in water Miscible in all proportions.

Density 1.41g/cm3 at 100°C (91%).

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

The product is stable when properly stored, handled and used.

10.2

Conditions to avoid • • • •

10.3

Temperatures below crystallisation point and above 150°C (decomposition).

Maximum temperature 140°C in transport - IMDG Code.

Acidification of solutions.

Dewatering of solutions.

Materials to avoid

Contact with combustible materials, reducing agents, acids, alkalis, soda ash, chlorides, chlorates, chromates, nitrites, metals such as copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc and zinc alloys.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

Concentrated ammonium nitrate solutions react with organic materials (e.g. wood, oil or grease) in some situations after some time delay. They react vigorously with zinc and zinc alloys. (See Section 3.3.)

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

See Section 3.1

11.2

Toxicity Data

LD50 (oral, rat)

> 2000mg/kg May cause methæmoglobinæmia (See Section 3.1.)

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Very soluble in water. The NO3- ion is mobile. The NH4+ ion is adsorbed by soil.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability

The nitrate ion is the predominant form of plant nutrition. It follows the natural nitrification/denitrification cycle to give nitrogen, the product is biodegradable.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

The product does not show any bio-accumulation phenomena.

12.4

Ecotoxicity

Low toxicity to aquatic life. TLM 96 between 10-100ppm.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Disposal should be in accordance with local or national legislation.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN Classification

Class 5, Division 5.1 Oxidizing Substances, UN No 2426.

14.2

Details

Composition

UN No

Class

²7% water ²0.02% Cl- ions pH 5-7

2426

5.1

>80 and ²93% pH 5-7

2426

5.1

³93% AN ²0.2% combustible

Transport Mode Particulars IMDG: Packaging gr.: Tanks only Stowage cat.: D Max. allowable transp. temperature: 140°C Code page: 5125 (94)

Label

ADR/RID: Item 20°(C)

5.1

5.1

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EEC Directives • •

15.2

76/116/EEC (Law relating to fertilizers) 82/501/EEC, 87/216/EEC and 88/610/EEC (Seveso Major Accident Hazard)

National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION The information in this safety data sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

AMMONIUM SULPHATE

1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 Identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

EC Fertilizer, Ammonium Sulphate 7783-20-2 231-984-1 Ammonium Sulphate (NH4)2 SO4

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Essentially pure ammonium sulphate with a small amount of moisture, contains 21% • ammoniacal nitrogen.

2.2 classification • Not classed as hazardous material according to EEC Directive 67/548/EEC.

3.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health The product has low toxicity. However, the following points should be noted.

Skin Contact

•

Prolonged contact may cause some irritation.

Eye Contact

•

May cause irritation following contact.

Ingestion

• •

Small quantities are unlikely to cause toxic effect.

Large quantities give rise to gastro-intestinal disorders.

Inhalation

•

High dust concentrations of air-borne material may cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tract with symptoms such as sore throat and coughing.

Long term effects

•

No adverse effects are known.

Fire and thermal decomposition products • Inhalation of decomposition gases can cause irritation and corrosive effects on the respiratory system. Some lung effects may be delayed.

3.2 Environment Ammonium sulphate is a nitrogen fertilizer. Heavy spillage may cause adverse environmental impact such as eutrophication in confined surface waters. (See Section 12.)

3.3 Other Fire, heating and detonation

• • • • nitrate

It is not combustible and does not support combustion.

Thermal decomposition products include sulphur oxides and ammonia.

Combustion of ammonia could result in emission of toxic nitrogen oxide gases.

Can produce thermally sensitive mixtures with potassium chlorate and potassium and can enhance the explosive properties of ammonium nitrate.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Skin Contact

•

Wash the affected area with soap and water.

Eye Contact

• •

Flush/irrigate eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10 minutes.

Obtain medical attention if eye irritation persists.

Ingestion

• • •

Do not induce vomiting.

Give water or milk to drink.

Obtain medical attention if more than a small quantity has been swallowed or when relevant symptoms occur after swallowing.

Inhalation

• •

Remove from source of exposure to dusts.

Obtain medical advice if ill effects occur.

4.2 Fire and decomposition products Skin Contact

• •

Wash areas in contact with molten material copiously with cold water.

Obtain medical attention.

Inhalation

• • •

Remove from the source of exposure to fumes.

Keep warm and at rest.

Persons who have inhaled decomposition gases (e.g. in a Fire) should obtain immediate medical attention.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES 5.1 If fertilizer is not directly involved in the Fire Use the best means available to extinguish the Fire.

5.2 If fertilizer is involved in the Fire Call the Fire brigade.

• • Avoid breathing any fumes (toxic). Stand up-wind of the Fire.

• Wear self-contained breathing apparatus if fumes are being entered.

• Use plenty of water.

• Open doors and windows of the store to give maximum ventilation.

• If water containing fertilizer enters any drains or watercourse, inform the local authorities immediately.

See also Section 3.

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES •

Any spillage of fertilizer should be cleaned up promptly, swept up and placed in a clean labelled open container for safe disposal.

• Depending on the degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as a fertilizer on farm or to an authorised waste facility.

• Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains and inform the appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

7.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • • •

Avoid excessive generation of dust.

Avoid unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere to prevent moisture pick-up.

When handling the product over long periods use appropriate personal protective equipment e.g. gloves.

7.2 Storage • •

Locate away from the sources of heat or Fire.

Keep away from combustible materials, any lime or basic materials and other incompatible substances. (See Section 10.3.)

• Ensure high standard of housekeeping in the storage area.

• Any building used for the storage should be dry and well ventilated.

8.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits • • •

No specific official limit.

ACGIH recommended value (1995-96) for inhalable particulate: 3 TLV/TWA : 10mg/m

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures Avoid high dust concentration and provide ventilation where necessary.

8.3 Personal Protection • Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over long periods.

• Use suitable dust respirator if dust concentration is high.

• After handling product, wash hands and observe good hygiene practice.

9.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH water solution (conc. 10%) Melting point Bulk density Solubility in water

White/grey crystals.

Odourless.

4-6.

Decomposes at 235°C. 1000-1100kg/m3.

760g/l at 20°C.

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

Stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.

10.2

Conditions to avoid • •

10.3

Contamination by incompatible materials.

Welding or hot work to equipment and pipelines or plant which may have contained fertilizer without First washing thoroughly to remove all fertilizer.

Materials to avoid

Alkalies, strong acids, copper and its alloys.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

Ammonia is released upon reaction with bases.

(See also Section 3.3.)

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

See Section 3.1.

11.2

Toxicity Data

LD50 (oral, rat)

> 2000mg/kg

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Soluble in water. Predicted to have high mobility in soil.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability

The product is substantially bio-degradable in water.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

Low potential.

12.4

Ecotoxicity

Harmful to aquatic organisms. Increases in pH above 7.5 will lead to an increased load of non-ionised ammonia which is markedly more toxic to aquatic life.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Depending on degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as fertilizer by spreading or to an authorised waste facility.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN Classification

Not classed ie considered non-hazardous material according to UN Orange Book and international transport codes e.g. RID (rail), ADR (road) and IMDG (sea).

15.

REGULATORY INFORMATION

15.1

EEC Directives

15.2 76/116/EEC (Law relating to fertilizers)

15.2

National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION

The information in this safety data sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

CALCIUM AMMONIUM NITRATE 1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 Identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

EC Fertilizer, Calcium Ammonium Nitrate x% N. See Note 1.

CAN Preparation, therefore not relevant Preparation, therefore not relevant Preparation, therefore not relevant Preparation, therefore not relevant

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

2.1

Nature of ingredients and concentration

Mixture of ammonium nitrate with calcium carbonate and/or dolomite containing not more than 80% of ammonium nitrate, not less than 20% N, and not more than 0.4% of total combustible material.

2.2 classification Not classed as hazardous material according to EEC Directive 88/ 379/EEC.

3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health The fertilizer is a basically harmless product when handled correctly. However the following points should be noted, which relate to ammonium nitrate content.

Skin Contact

•

Prolonged contact may cause some irritation.

Eye Contact

•

May cause irritation following contact.

Ingestion

•

Small quantities are unlikely to cause toxic effect. Large quantities may give rise to gastro-intestinal disorders and in extreme cases (particularly in very young) formation of methaemoglobin (‘Blue baby’ syndrome) and cyanosis (indicated by blueness around the mouth) may occur.

Inhalation

•

High dust concentrations of airborne material may cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tract with symptoms such as sore throat and coughing.

Long term effects

•

No adverse effects are known.

Fire and thermal decomposition products • Inhalation of decomposition gases containing oxides of nitrogen and ammonia can cause irritation and corrosive effects on the respiratory system. Some lung effects may be delayed.

3.2 Environment Ammonium nitrate is a nitrogen fertilizer. Heavy spillage may cause adverse environmental impact such as eutrophication in confined surface waters or nitrate contamination.

(See Section 12.)

3.3 Other Fire, heating and detonation • The fertilizer is not itself combustible but it can support combustion, even in the absence of air. On heating it melts and further heating can cause decomposition, releasing toxic fumes containing nitrogen oxides and ammonia. It has high resistance to detonation.

Heating under strong confinement can lead to explosive behaviour.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Skin Contact

•

Wash the affected area with soap and water.

Eye Contact

• •

Flush/irrigate eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10 minutes.

Obtain medical attention if eye irritation persists.

Ingestion

• • •

Do not induce vomiting.

Give water or milk to drink .

Obtain medical attention if more than a small quantity has been swallowed.

Inhalation

• •

Remove from source of exposure to dusts.

Obtain medical attention if ill effects occur.

4.2 Fire and decomposition products Skin Contact

• •

Wash areas in contact with molten material copiously with cold water.

Obtain medical attention.

Inhalation

• • • • •

Remove from the source of exposure to fumes.

Keep warm and at rest even though no symptoms may be evident.

Give oxygen, especially if there is blueness around the mouth. artificial respiration should only be applied if breathing fails.

Following exposure, the person should be kept under medical review for at least 48 hours as delayed pulmonary Œdema may develop.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES 5.1 If fertilizer is not directly involved in the Fire Use the best means available to extinguish the Fire.

5.2 If fertilizer is involved in the Fire Call the Fire brigade.

• • Avoid breathing the fumes (toxic). Stand up-wind of the Fire.

• Use a self-contained breathing apparatus if fumes are being entered.

• Use plenty of water.

• Do not use chemical extinguishers or foams or attempt to smother the Fire with steam or sand.

Open doors and windows of the store to give maximum ventilation.

Do not allow molten fertilizer to run into drains.

Prevent contamination of the fertilizer by oils or other combustible materials.

If water containing fertilizer enters any drains or watercourse, inform the local authorities immediately.

(See also Section 3.)

• • • •

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES •

Any spillage of the fertilizer should be cleaned up promptly, swept up and placed in a clean, labelled, open container for safe disposal. Do not allow to mix with sawdust and other combustible or organic substances.

• Depending on the degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use on farm as a fertilizer by spreading or to an authorised waste facility.

• Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains and inform appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

7.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • •

Avoid excessive generation of dust.

Avoid contamination of the fertilizer by combustible (e.g. diesel oil, grease) and incompatible materials.

• Avoid unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere to prevent moisture pick-up.

• When handling the product over long periods use appropriate personal protective equipment, e.g. gloves.

7.2 Storage • •

Locate away from sources of heat or Fire.

Keep away from combustible materials and substances mentioned under Section

10.3.

• • • •

On farm, ensure that the fertilizer is not stored near hay, straw, grain, diesel oil, etc.

Ensure high standard of housekeeping in the storage area.

Do not permit smoking and the use of naked lights in the storage areas.

Restrict stack size (according to local regulations) and keep at least 1m distance between stacks of bagged products.

• Any building used for the storage should be dry and well ventilated.

• The product should not be stored in direct sunlight to avoid physical breakdown due to thermal cycling.

8.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits • No specific official limits.

• ACGIH recommended value (1995-96) for inhalable particulate.

TLV/TWA : 10mg/m3

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures Avoid high dust concentration and provide ventilation where necessary.

8.3 Personal Protection • Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over long periods.

• Use suitable dust respirator if dust concentration is high.

• After handling product, wash hands and observe good hygiene practice.

9.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH water solution (100g/l) Explosive properties

Oxidizing properties

Bulk density Solubility in water

White, off-white or grey granules or prills.

Odourless. > 4.5.

Not explosive as per EEC test A14 (67/548/EEC). The fertilizer has a very high resistance to detonation. This resistance is decreased by the presence of contaminants and/or high temperatures.

Strong heating under severe confinement (e.g. in tubes) may lead to a violent reaction or explosion especially if there is contamination by some of the substances mentioned under Section 10.3.

Not classed as oxidizing material according to Directive 88/379/EEC. Can support combustion.

Normally between 900-1100kg/m3.

NH4NO3 highly soluble CaCO3/MgCO3 sparingly soluble.

Product hygroscopic.

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

The product is stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.

10.2

Conditions to avoid • • • • • •

Storage in warm place or in sunlight.

Heating above 170°C (decomposes to gases).

Contamination by incompatible materials.

Unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere.

Closeness to sources of heat or Fire.

Welding or hot work on equipment or plant which may have contained fertilizers without First washing thoroughly to remove all fertilizers.

10.3

Materials to avoid

Combustible materials, reducing agents, acids, alkalies, sulphur, chlorates, chlorides, chromates, nitrites, permanganates, metallic powders and substances containing metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc and their alloys.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

When in contact with alkaline materials such as lime, may give off ammonia gas.

(See also Sections 3.3 and 9.)

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

See Section 3.1.

11.2

Toxicity Data

LD50 (oral, rat)

> 2000mg/kg May cause methĂŚmoglobinĂŚmia.

See Section 3.1.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Ammonium nitrate is very soluble in water. The NO-3 ion is mobile. The NH+4 ion is adsorbed by soil.

Limestone and dolomite are regarded as insoluble in water. They occur naturally.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability

The nitrate ion is the predominant form of plant nutrition. It follows the natural nitrification/denitrification cycle to give nitrogen.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

The product does not show any bio-accumulation phenomena.

12.4

Ecotoxicity

Low toxicity to aquatic life. TLM 96 between 10-100ppm.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Depending on degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as fertilizer on farm or to an authorised waste facility.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN classification

Not classed i.e. considered non-hazardous material according to UN Orange Book and international transport codes e.g. RID (rail), ADR (road) and IMDG (sea).

15.

REGULATORY INFORMATION

15.1

EEC Directives

Directive 76/116/EEC (Law relating to fertilizers).

15.2

16.

National laws

OTHER INFORMATION

The information in this Safety Data Sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

NOTE: 1. The nitrogen content should be >20% and <28%. and the product should contain at least 20% by weight calcium carbonate and/or dolomite. Where the fertilizer contains >28%N, the designation is 'Ammonium Nitrate' for which a separate Safety Data Sheet is produced.

DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE 1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

EC Fertilizer, NP Fertilizer x : y Diammonium Phosphate, DAP Phosphoric Acid, Ammonium Salt 1.2 7783-28-0 231-987-8 Diammonium hydrogen ortho phosphate (NH4)2 HPO4

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration • Product containing diammonium phosphate as essential ingredient with small amount of mono ammonium phosphate • Total nitrogen: x (18-21)% • P2O5 soluble in neutral ammonium citrate and water: y (45-53)%

2.2 classification Not classed as hazardous material according to EEC Directive 67/548/EEC.

3.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health The fertilizers are basically harmless products when handled correctly. However, the following points should be noted.

Skin Contact

•

Prolonged contact may cause some irritation.

Eye Contact

•

May cause irritation following contact.

Ingestion

• •

Small quantities are unlikely to cause toxic effect.

Large quantities may give rise to gastro-intestinal disorders.

Inhalation

•

High dust concentrations of air-borne material may cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tract with symptoms such as sore throat and coughing.

Long term effects

•

No adverse effects are known.

Fire and thermal decomposition products • Inhalation of decomposition gases can cause irritation and corrosive effects on the respiratory system. Some lung effects may be delayed.

3.2 Environment Possible eutrophication in confined surface waters in case of massive spillage.

3.3 Other Fire and heating

• When strongly heated e.g. in a Fire, DAP will decompose giving off ammonia.

(AP, however, is used as a fire retardant.)

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Skin Contact

•

Wash the affected area with soap and water.

Eye Contact

• •

Flush/irrigate eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10 minutes.

Obtain medical attention if eye irritation persists.

Ingestion

• • • •

Do not induce vomiting.

Give water or milk to drink.

Obtain medical attention if more than small quantity has been swallowed. (small children, more than 50g)

Inhalation

• •

Remove from source of exposure to dusts.

Obtain medical attention if the effects occur.

4.2 Fire and decomposition products Skin Contact

• •

Wash areas in contact with molten material copiously with cold water.

Obtain medical attention.

Inhalation

• • •

Remove from the source of exposure to fumes.

Keep warm and at rest.

Persons who have inhaled decomposition gases (e.g. in a Fire) should obtain immediate medical attention.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES 5.1 If fertilizer is not directly involved in the Fire Use the best means available to extinguish the Fire.

5.2 If fertilizer is involved in the Fire Call the Fire brigade.

• • Avoid breathing the fumes (toxic). Stand up-wind of the Fire.

• Use a self-contained breathing apparatus if fumes are being entered.

• Use plenty of water.

• Open doors and windows of the store to give maximum ventilation.

• If water containing fertilizer enters any drains or watercourse, inform the local authorities immediately.

See also Section 3.

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES 6.1 Environmental precautions Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains and inform the appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

6.2 Methods of cleaning • Any spillage of fertilizer should be cleaned up promptly, swept up and placed in a clean labelled open container for safe disposal.

• Depending on the degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as a fertilizer on farm or to an authorised waste facility.

7.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • • •

Avoid excessive generation of dust.

Avoid unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere to prevent moisture pick-up.

When handling the product over long periods use appropriate personal protective equipment e.g. gloves.

7.2 Storage • • •

Locate away from the sources of heat or Fire.

Ensure high standard of housekeeping in the storage area.

Any building used for the storage should be dry and well ventilated.

8.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits No specific official limit • • ACGIH recommended value (1995-96) for inhalable particulate: • TLV/TWA: 10mg/m3 8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures Avoid high dust concentration and provide ventilation where necessary.

8.3 Personal Protection Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over long periods.

• • Use suitable dust respirator if dust concentration is high.

• After handling product, wash hands and observe good hygiene practice.

9.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH water solution (saturated) Melting point Explosive properties Oxidizing properties Bulk density Solubility in water

White, grey or black crystals or granules.

Odourless.

8.

Decomposes at 155°C. Not applicable.

Not applicable. approximately 1000kg/m3, depends on granulometry 575g/l at 10°C

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

The product is stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.

10.2

Conditions to avoid

Welding or hot work on equipment or plant which may have contained fertilizer without First washing thoroughly to remove all fertilizer.

10.3

Materials to avoid

Alkalies, strong acids, copper and its alloys.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

Ammonia is released upon reaction with strong bases. (See also Section 3.3.)

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

See Section 3.1.

11.2

Toxicity Data

LD50 (oral, rat)

> 2000mg/kg

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Phosphates, whether water or citrate soluble, are translocated in the soil only over very short periods and are then immobilised.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability

Phosphates are converted to calcium or iron/aluminium phosphates or are incorporated with the organic soil matter.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

Does not show bio-accumulation phenomena.

12.4

Ecotoxicity

Low toxicity to aquatic life.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Depending on degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as fertilizer by thinly spreading on open ground, no more than 100kg/ha, or to an authorised waste facility.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN classification

Not classed ie considered non-hazardous material according to UN Orange Book and international transport codes e.g. RID (rail), ADR (road) and IMDG (sea).

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EEC Directives

76/116/EEC (Law relating to fertilizers)

15.2

National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION The information in this safety data sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

MONOAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE 1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

EC Fertilizer, NP Fertiliser x : y MAP, Monoammonium Phosphate 10124-31-9 233-330-0 Phosphoric acid, Ammonium Salt NH4H2PO4

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company . and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration • Product containing monoammonium phosphate as essential ingredient with a small amount of diammonium phosphate.

• Total nitrogen: x (10-12)%.

• P2O5 soluble in neutral ammonium citrate and water: y (48-61)%.

2.2 classification Not classed as hazardous material according to EEC Directive 67/548/EEC.

3.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health The product is basically harmless when handled correctly. However, the following points should be noted.

Skin Contact

•

Prolonged contact may cause some irritation.

Eye Contact

•

May cause irritation following contact.

Ingestion

• •

Small quantities are unlikely to cause any toxic effect.

Large quantities may give rise to gastro-intestinal disorders.

Inhalation

•

High dust concentrations of air-borne material may cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tract with symptoms such as sore throat and coughing.

Long term effects

•

No adverse effects are known.

Fire and thermal decomposition products • Inhalation of decomposition gases can cause irritation and corrosive effects on the respiratory system. Some lung effects may be delayed.

3.2 Environment Possible eutrophication in confined surface waters in case of massive spillage.

3.3 Other Fire and heating

• When heated strongly, MAP will decompose giving off ammonia.

(The product however is used as a Fire retardant.)

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Skin Contact

•

Wash the affected area with soap and water.

Eye Contact

• •

Flush/irrigate eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10 minutes.

Obtain medical attention if eye irritation persists.

Ingestion

• • •

Do not induce vomiting.

Give water or milk to drink.

Obtain medical attention if more then a small quantity has been swallowed (small children, more than 50g) Inhalation

• •

Remove from source of exposure to dusts.

Obtain medical attention if ill effects occur.

4.2 Fire and decomposition products Skin Contact

• •

Wash areas in contact with molten material copiously with cold water.

Obtain medical attention.

Inhalation

• • •

Remove from the source of exposure to fumes.

Keep warm and at rest.

Persons who have inhaled decomposition gases (e.g. in a Fire) should obtain immediate medical attention.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES 5.1 If fertilizer is not directly involved in the Fire Use the best means available to extinguish the Fire.

5.2 If fertilizer is involved in the Fire Call the Fire brigade.

• • Avoid breathing the fumes (toxic). Stand up-wind of the Fire.

• Use a self-contained breathing apparatus if fumes are being entered.

• Use plenty of water.

• Open doors and windows of the store to give maximum ventilation.

• If water containing fertilizer enters any drains or watercourse, inform the local authorities immediately.

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES 6.1 Environmental precautions Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains and inform the appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

6.2 Methods of cleaning • Any spillage of fertilizer should be cleaned up promptly, swept up and placed in a clean, labelled, open container for safe disposal.

• Depending on the degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as a fertilizer on farm or to an authorised waste facility.

7.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • •

Avoid excessive generation of dust.

When handling the product over long periods, use appropriate personal protective equipment e.g. gloves.

7.2 Storage • • •

Locate away from the sources of heat or Fire.

Ensure high standard of housekeeping in the storage area.

Any building used for the storage should be dry and well ventilated.

8.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits No specific official limit.

• • ACGIH recommended value (1995-96) for inhalable particulate: TLV/TWA : 10mg/m3

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures Avoid high dust concentration and provide ventilation where necessary.

8.3 Personal Protection • Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over long periods.

• Use suitable dust respirator if dust concentration is high.

• After handling product, wash hands and observe good hygiene practice.

9.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH water solution (23g/l) Melting point Boiling point Explosive properties Oxidizing properties Bulk density Solubility in water

White to grey crystals or granules.

Odourless.

4.2.

190°C. > 210°C (decomposes).

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Approximately 1000kg/m3, depends on granulometry 276g/l at 20°C

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

The product is stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.

10.2

Conditions to avoid

Welding or hot work on equipment or plant which may have contained fertilizer without First washing thoroughly to remove all fertilizer.

10.3

Materials to avoid

Alkalies, sodium hypochlorite, strong acids, copper and its alloys.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

Ammonia is released upon reaction with strong bases. (See also Section 3.3.)

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

See Section 3.1.

11.2

Toxicity Data

LD50 (oral, rat)

> 2000mg/kg

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Phosphates, whether water or citrate soluble, are translocated in the soil only over very short periods and are then immobilised.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability

Phosphates are converted to calcium or iron/aluminium phosphates or are incorporated into the organic soil matter.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

Does not show bio-accumulation phenomena.

12.4

Ecotoxicity

Low toxicity to aquatic life.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Depending on degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as fertilizer by spreading thinly, not more than 100kg/ha, on open ground or to an authorised waste facility.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN classification

Not classed ie considered non-hazardous material according to the UN Orange Book and following international transport codes e.g. RID (rail), ADR (road) and IMDG (sea).

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EEC Directives

76/116/EEC (Law relating to fertilizers) 15.3 National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION The information in this Safety Data Sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

NITRIC ACID (20 - <70% HNO3) 1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

-

7697-37-2 231-714-2 Nitric Acid HNO3

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Hazardous ingredient HNO3. Commonly 60-70% HNO3, rest essentially water; same safety regulations apply for concentrations from 20 to <70%.

2.2 classification Corrosive according to EEC classification.

3.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health Nitric acid is corrosive and can cause severe burns to all parts of the body. Its vapours are corrosive to the respiratory tract and may cause pulmonary Œdema which could prove fatal.

Skin Contact

• •

Liquid splashes may produce severe burns to skin.

Nitric acid is highly corrosive to all parts of the body.

Eye Contact

•

Liquid splashes may produce severe burns to skin and may cause serious damage to eyes.

Ingestion

•

Will immediately cause corrosion of and damage to the gastro-intestinal tract.

Inhalation

•

Fumes are corrosive to the respiratory tract and will cause severe coughing, sore throat and laboured breathing. Fluid build up on the lung (pulmonary Œdema) may occur up to 48 hours after exposure and could prove fatal.

Long term effects

•

Acute effects predominate and their severity is such that significant repeated or prolonged exposure is unlikely.

• Repeated exposure to high levels produces adverse effects on lung and teeth.

3.2 Environment Nitric acid is harmful to aquatic life.

3.3 Other •

Not classed as oxidizing agent. Can display oxidizing properties and react with combustible materials. May react violently with reducing agents, metals and a number of other substances. (See Section 10.)

• Decomposition products include nitrogen oxides and hydrogen.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Speed is essential. Immediately remove contaminated clothing. Obtain medical attention immediately.

Skin Contact

•

Drench with water, remove contaminated clothing and wash or shower the affected skin with plenty of water.

• Obtain immediate medical attention.

Eye Contact

•

Immediately irrigate the eyes with eyewash solution or clean water for at least 10 minutes.

• •

Continue irrigation until medical attention can be obtained.

Hold eyelids open during flushing.

Ingestion

• •

Do not induce vomiting.

If the person is conscious, wash out mouth with water and give 2 or 3 glasses of water or milk to drink.

• Obtain immediate medical attention and transport the patient to hospital.

Inhalation

• • • • •

Move the injured person to fresh air at once.

Keep the patient warm and at rest.

Administer oxygen if competent person is available.

Perform artificial respiration, if breathing has stopped or shows sign of failing.

Obtain immediate medical attention.

Further medical advice • Following exposure the patient should be kept under medical review for at least 48 hours as delayed pulmonary Œdema may develop.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES 5.1 Suitable extinguishing media Foam, water and dry powder.

• • Use a water spray to cool Fire-exposed containers and structures.

5.2 Specific hazards if the product is involved in a Fire Not combustible, but having oxidizing properties it may react with many combustible • materials causing Fires and releasing toxic fumes (nitrogen oxides).

• May explode on contact with a powerful reducing agent.

• Reacts with most common metals to liberate hydrogen which can form explosive mixtures with air.

• Toxic fumes (oxides of nitrogen) may be given off.

5.3 Special protective equipment Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

5.4 Further information Collect large amounts of contaminated extinguishing water separately, do not allow to reach sewerage or effluent systems.

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES 6.1 Personal precautions Put on protective equipment before entering danger area. (See Section 8.)

• • Ventilate area of spill or leak to disperse vapours.

6.2 Environmental precautions • Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains.

• Inform appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

6.3 Methods for cleaning Swill away small spillage with copious quantities of water.

• • Waste water must be disposed of correctly. Before discharging sewage into treatment plants, neutralisation is generally required.

Contain large spillage with sand or earth as necessary.

Do not use organic compounds, sawdust etc Neutralise cautiously with soda ash and/or lime and recover for disposal.

Pump large amounts into containers .

Containers should preferably be of: stainless steel 1.4541 (DIN 17440) or plastic: (PVC, possibly polyethylene).

Do not use: carbon steel, rubberised steel, polypropylene. Seek advice from the manufacturer if in doubt.

• • • • •

7.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • • • •

Wear eye and hand protection when handling small quantities.

Provide adequate ventilation in view of insidious action of the fumes.

When diluting, always add acid to water not water to acid.

Wear full protective equipment where there is a risk of leaks or splashes.

7.2 Storage •

Store in cool, well ventilated area, away from potential sources of heat and direct

sunlight.

• • •

8.

Keep away from combustible materials, reducing agents, strong bases.

Protect containers from corrosion and physical damages.

Containers should preferably be of stainless steel, 1.4541 (DIN 17440). Seek advice from the manufacturer if in doubt.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits • ACGIH recommended values (1995-96): 3

TLV/TWA : 2 ppm = 5.2mg/m TLV-STEL: 4 ppm = 10mg/m3

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures Local exhaust ventilation.

• • Provide safety showers and eye washing facility at any location where skin or eye contact can occur.

8.3 Personal Protection • Wear suitable breathing apparatus if exposure levels exceed the recommended limits.

• •

9.

Wear PVC gloves, rubber boots, PVC suit.

Use chemical safety goggles or full face shield.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH (no dilution) Freezing point Boiling point Flammability limits in air Vapour pressure Vapour density (air = 1) Solubility in water Density at 20°C (g/cm3)

Colourless to yellow liquid.

Acrid. <1.

-17°C (20%); - 22°C (60%).

103.4°C (20%); 120.4°C (60%).

None 0.77kPa at 20°C (60%) 2 approx Miscible in all proportions 1.1150 (20%); 1.3667 (60%)

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

The product is stable under normal conditions of storage and handling.

10.2

Conditions to avoid

High temperatures.

10.3

Materials to avoid

Contact with combustible materials, reducing agents, alkalies, metallic powders, hydrogen sulphide, alcohols, chlorates and carbides, carbon steel, monel, copper, and several other metals and alloys.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products • •

Contact with combustible material may cause fire. May assist combustion.

May react violently with reducing agents, strong bases, organic materials, chlorides and finally divided metals.

• Reaction with most common metals liberates hydrogen and toxic oxides of nitrogen.

• •

Exothermic reaction with water.

Corrosive gases/vapours.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

Nitric acid is highly corrosive to all parts of the body.

11.2

Toxicity Data

Skin Contact

• •

Pain, severe burns and brownish or yellow stains.

Prolonged and repeated exposures to diluted solution may cause irritation, redness, drying and cracking of the skin.

Eye Contact

•

Immediate pain, severe burns, permanent corneal damage which may result in blindness.

Inhalation

•

Mists and vapours may cause irritation of nose, throat and respiratory tract, transient cough and broncho-constriction.

• Severe over-exposure may result in lung collapse and pulmonary Œdema which can be fatal.

• Prolonged or repeated exposure to mists or vapours of nitric acid may result in impaired lung function and possible discolouration and erosion of teeth.

Ingestion

• 11.3

Pain, severe burning in the mouth, throat and damage to gastro-intestinal tract.

Other Data

No adverse effect has been evaluated by IARC as regards carcinogenicity.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Soluble in water. High mobility in soil.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability

There is evidence of slow degradation in soil and water.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

The product has low potential of bio-accumulation.

12.4

Ecotoxicity • • • • • •

Discharge into the environment to be avoided.

Nitric acid is harmful to aquatic life even in low concentrations due to its acid nature.

Neutralisation is generally required prior to discharge.

TLM (96 hours) 10-100ppm Can cause damage to vegetation.

Inhibition of degradation activity in activated sludge is not to be anticipated during correct introduction of low concentrations.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Nitric acid should be disposed of in accordance with local or national legislation.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN classification

Class 8, Corrosive Substances, UN No 2031

14.2

Details • •

ADR/RID: Class 8, Item: 2¡(b), Label 8, Packaging Group II IMDG: Class 8, Label 8, Packaging Group II

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EEC Directives

classification and labelling according to Directive 67/548/EEC classification: Hazard symbol: Risk Phrase: Safety Phrases:

Corrosive C, Representation of acid action.

R35: Causes severe burns S2: Keep out of reach of children.

S23: Do not breathe vapour.

S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.

S36: Wear suitable protective clothing S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).

15.2

National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION The information in this Safety Data Sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

NPK FERTILIZER (AMMONIUM NITRATE BASED) 1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

EC Fertilizer, NPK (or NP or NK) See Note 1 Compound or Complex Fertilizer

Preparation - therefore not relevant Preparation - therefore not relevant Preparation - therefore not relevant Preparation - therefore not relevant

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Mixtures contain ammonium nitrate and some or all of the following ingredients: phosphates, potassium salts, inert Fillers (such as limestone), coating materials, secondary nutrients.

List concentration of ingredients as appropriate.

2.2 classification Not classed as hazardous material according to EEC Directive 88/379/EEC. See Section 14.

3.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health The fertilizers are basically harmless products when handled correctly. However the following points should be noted.

Skin Contact

•

Prolonged contact may cause some irritation.

Eye Contact

•

May cause irritation following contact.

Ingestion

• •

Small quantities are unlikely to cause toxic effect.

Large quantities may give rise to gastro-intestinal disorders and in extreme cases (particularly in children) formation of methaemoglobin (‘Blue baby’ syndrome) and cyanosis (indicated by blueness around the mouth) may occur.

Inhalation

•

High dust concentrations of air-borne material may cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tract with symptoms such as sore throat and coughing.

Long term effects

•

No adverse effects are known.

Fire and thermal decomposition products • Inhalation of decomposition gases can cause irritation and corrosive effects on the respiratory system. Some lung effects may be delayed.

3.2 Environment As this fertilizer contains nitrate and phosphate, heavy spillage may cause adverse environmental impact such as eutrophication in confined surface waters or nitrate contamination of ground or surface water.

(See Section 12.)

3.3 Other Fire, heating and detonation • The fertilizers are not themselves combustible but, they can support combustion even in the absence of air. When strongly heated, they melt and decompose.

• Heating of fertilizers under strong confinement (e.g. in tubes or drains) may lead to a violent reaction or explosion especially if there is contamination by some of the substances mentioned in 10.3.

• On decomposition, water vapour and toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides, ammonia, chlorine and hydrogen chloride may be given off.

Note: For Type A4 add statement: For Type B add statement

'will support combustion' 'the fertilizer is capable of self-sustaining decomposition once

initiated, especially in bulk form'.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Skin Contact

•

Wash the affected area with soap and water.

Eye Contact

• •

Flush/irrigate eye with copious amounts of water for at least 10 minutes.

Obtain medical attention if eyes irritation persists.

Ingestion

• • •

Do not induce vomiting.

Give water or milk to drink.

Obtain medical attention if more than a small quantity has been swallowed.

Inhalation

• •

Remove from source of exposure to dusts.

Obtain medical attention if ill effects occur.

4.2 Fire and decomposition products Skin Contact

• •

Wash areas in contact with molten material copiously with cold water.

Obtain medical attention.

Inhalation

• • • • •

Remove from the source of exposure to fumes.

Keep warm and at rest even though no symptoms may be evident.

Give oxygen, especially if the person is blue in the face. artificial respiration should only be applied if breathing fails.

Following exposure, the person should be kept under medical review for at least 48 hours as delayed pulmonary Œdema may develop.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES 5.1 If fertilizer is not directly involved in the Fire Use the best means available to extinguish the Fire.

5.2 If fertilizer is involved in the Fire Call the Fire brigade.

• • Avoid breathing the fumes (toxic). Stand up-wind of the Fire.

• Use a self-contained breathing apparatus if fumes are being entered.

• Use plenty of water.

• Do not use chemical extinguishers or foams or attempt to smother the Fire with steam or sand.

Open doors and windows of the store to give maximum ventilation.

Do not allow molten fertilizers to run into drains.

Prevent any contamination of fertilizer by oils or other combustible materials.

If water containing fertilizer enters any drains or watercourse, inform the local authorities immediately.

• If fertilizer stored in bulk is decomposing, use a special self-propelled water lance to penetrate the heap to the seat of decomposition. (See Section 3.)

• • • •

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES •

Any spillage of fertilizer should be cleaned up promptly, swept up and placed in a clean labelled open container for safe disposal. Do not allow to mix with sawdust and other combustible or organic substances.

• Depending on the degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as a fertilizer or to an authorised waste facility.

• Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains and inform the appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

7.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • • • •

Avoid excessive generation of dust.

Avoid fertilizer contamination by combustible (such as diesel oil, grease) and incompatible materials.

Avoid unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere to prevent moisture pick-up.

Wear gloves when handling the product over long periods.

7.2 Storage • •

Locate away from the source of heat or Fire.

Keep away from combustible materials and substances mentioned under Section

10.3.

• • • •

On farm, ensure that the fertilizer is not stored near hay, straw, grain diesel oil, etc.

Ensure high standard of housekeeping in the storage area.

Do not permit smoking and the use of naked lights in the storage areas.

Restrict stack size (according to local regulations) and keep at least 1m distance around stacks of bagged products.

• Any building used for the storage should be dry and well ventilated.

• Where the nature of the bagged products, particularly those with high ammonium nitrate content, and the climatic conditions so require, store under conditions to avoid product breakdown by thermal cycling (wide variation in temperature).

8.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits • No specific official limits.

• ACGIH recommended value (1995-96) for inhalable particulate: TLV/TWA : 10mg/m3

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures Avoid high dust concentration and provide ventilation where necessary.

8.3 Personal Protection • Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over long periods.

• Use suitable dust respirator if dust concentration is high.

• After handling product, wash hands and observe good hygiene practice.

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH water solution (100g/) Melting point

White, grey or brown granules or prills.

Odourless.

Usually > 4.5.

Depends on composition. May decompose before melting.

Boiling point

> 210°C (decomposes).

Explosive properties

Not explosive as per EEC test A14 (67/548/EEC).

The fertilizer has a high resistance to detonation.

This resistance is decreased by the presence of contaminants and/or high temperatures.

Oxidizing properties

Bulk density Solubility in water

Heating under strong confinement (e.g. in tubes or drains) may lead to a violent reaction or explosion especially if there is contamination by some of substances mentioned under Section 10.3.

Products with high nitrate content can support combustion.

Not classed as an oxidizing material according to Directive 88/379/EEC. Normally between 900-1100kg/m3.

Soluble in water, extent depends on composition.

Most formulations are hygroscopic.

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

The product is stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.

10.2

Conditions to avoid • • • •

Contamination by incompatible materials.

Unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere.

Closeness to sources of heat or Fire.

Welding or hot work on equipment or plant which may have contained fertilizer without First washing thoroughly to remove all fertilizer.

10.3

Materials to avoid

Combustible materials, reducing agents, acids, alkalies, chlorates, chlorides, chromates, nitrites, permanganates, metallic powders and substances containing metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc and their alloys.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

When in contact with alkaline materials such as lime may give off ammonia gas.

(See Sections 3.3 and 9.)

11.

TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

11.1

General

See Section 3.1.

11.2

Toxicity Data

Product toxicity would depend on the composition.

• Ammonium Nitrate LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000mg/kg May cause methæmoglobinæmia (See Section 3.1).

• Monoammonium phosphate LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000mg/kg • Diammonium phosphate LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000mg/kg • Potassium chloride or sulphate LD50 (oral, rat)> 2000mg/kg

12.

ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

12.1

Mobility

The NO3- ion is mobile; the NH4+ ion is adsorbed by soil particles. Phosphates, whether water or citrate soluble, are translocated in the soil only over very short distances and are then immobilised. The dissolved K+ ion in the soil solution is adsorbed by clay minerals; only in light soils where these are absent can part of the potassium be leached.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability •

The nitrogen follows the natural nitrification/denitrification cycle to give nitrogen or nitrogen oxides.

• Phosphates are converted to calcium or iron/aluminium phosphates, or are incorporated into the organic soil matter.

• Potassium is mainly adsorbed by clay minerals, or remains as K+ in the soil solution.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

The product does not show any bio-accumulation phenomena.

12.4

Ecotoxicity

Low toxicity to aquatic life.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Depending on degree of contamination, dispose of by use as fertilizer on farm or to an authorised waste facility.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN classification • •

14.2

Class 5, Division 5.1, Oxidizing Substances, UN No 2070.

Class 9, Miscellaneous Dangerous Substance, UN No 2071. See Section 14.2.

Details

Composition & property

UN No

Class

>70-<90% AN with ²0.4% combustible

2070

5.1 (Type A4)

²70% AN with 2071 ²0.4% combustible or ²45% AN with unrestricted combustible.

Both capable of selfsustaining decomposition The above are in Packaging Group III ²70% AN with ²0.4% combustible or ²45% AN with unrestricted combustible. Both not capable of selfsustaining decomposition

9 (Type B)

Nonhazardous( Type C)

Transport Mode Particulars ADR/RID Item 21°(C) IMDG: Bulk shipment BC code App B IMDG: Bulk shipment BC code App B ADR/RID - not classified

Labe l 5.1

-

-

15.·REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EEC Directives • •

15.2

76/116/EEC (Law relating to Fertilizers) 82/501/EEC, 87/216/EEC and 88/610/EEC (Seveso Major Accident Hazard)

National laws

16.·OTHER INFORMATION The information in this safety data sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

NOTE: 1. This is a common Safety Data Sheet to cover the main different types of compound fertilizers described in Section 14.2 namely: Type A 4 (Class 5.1), Type B (Class 9 – capable of self-sustaining decomposition) and Type C (non-hazardous).

By suitable editing it can be used to prepare separate Safety Data Sheets for the above types.

PHOSPHORIC ACID 1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 Identification of the Product Designation – Trade name ....................................

Commonly used synonyms ............ Phosphoric acid, 50-55% P2O5, Phosacid, Merchant Grade Acid, Wet Process Acid CAS Number .................................. 7664-38-2 EINECS Number ............................ 231-633-2 EINECS Name ............................... Orthophosphoric acid Molecular formula........................... H3PO4

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or Official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Major component: phosphoric acid, approximately 70%-75% H PO (P2O5 • 3

50%-54%), water and a small amount of sulphuric acid.

• Impurities: Fluorine and metallic compounds, sulphates.

2.2 Classification Corrosive according to EEC classification.

4

3.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health Phosphoric acid is corrosive to all parts of the body.

Skin Contact

•

On contact with the skin can cause redness and burns.

Eye Contact

•

Splashes in the eyes can cause irritation and burns.

Ingestion

•

Can cause corrosion of and damage to the gastro-intestinal tract.

Inhalation

•

Acid mists may cause throat and lung irritation.

Long term effects

•

Severity of acute effects is such that significant repeated or prolonged exposure is unlikely.

3.2 Environment Phosphoric acid is harmful to aquatic life due to its acidity.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES In all cases, obtain medical attention.

4.1 Product Skin Contact

• •

Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected skin with plenty of water.

Obtain medical attention.

Eye Contact

•

Immediately irrigate the eyes with eyewash solution or clean water for at least 10 minutes.

• •

Continue intermittent irrigation until medical attention can be obtained.

Hold eyelids open during flushing.

Ingestion

• •

Do not induce vomiting.

If the person is conscious, wash out mouth with water and give 2 to 3 glasses of water or milk to drink.

• Immediately transport the patient to hospital.

Inhalation

• • •

5.

Move the injured person to fresh air at once.

Keep the patient warm and at rest.

Obtain medical attention.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES Phosphoric acid does not burn.

5.1 Suitable extinguishing media Water.

5.2 If product is involved in the Fire Use a water spray to cool Fire-exposed containers and structures.

• • Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

5.3 Hazards •

Release of fluorine compounds and/or hydrogen fluoride (toxic) from heating of wet process acid.

• Release of phosphorus oxides (toxic) from thermal decomposition and of hydrogen from reaction with metals.

6.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES 6.1 Personal precautions Put on protective equipment before entering danger area. (See Section 8.)

6.2 Environmental precautions • Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains.

• Inform the appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

6.3 Methods of cleaning • Any spillage of product should be cleaned up promptly, pumped up and placed in a clean, labelled container for safe disposal.

• Contaminated area should be neutralised with lime or carbonate and washed.

• Depending on the degree and nature of contamination, dispose of to an authorised waste facility or, after neutralisation, as fertilizer on farmland.

7.

8.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • •

Wear chemical goggles and PVC gloves for handling small quantities.

Wear full protective clothing where there is a risk of splashes or leakage.

7.2 Storage • • • •

Store in cool, well ventilated area, away from potential sources of heat and Fire.

Keep away from combustible materials, strong bases and metals.

Large storage tanks should be bunded and electrically grounded.

Avoid using glass or unprotected steel containers.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits ACGIH recommended values (1995-96): • TLV/TWA : 1mg/m3 TLV-STEL : 3mg/m3

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures • Local exhaust ventilation.

• Provide safety showers and eye washing facility at any location where skin or eye contact can occur.

8.3 Personal Protection • Use suitable gas mask or self-contained breathing apparatus if exposure levels • •

exceed the recommended limits.

Wear PVC gloves, boots, acid resistant apron and protective clothing.

Use chemical safety goggles or full face shield.

9.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Figures given below are for pure phosphoric acid (75% H3PO4) unless stated otherwise.

Appearance

White clear viscous liquid.

Brown/greenish viscous liquid (wet process acid).

Slight acid odour. <1.

-17.5°C. 133°C. 267Pa at 20°C. Miscible in all proportions.

1580kg/m3 at 15.5°C. 1600-1700 kg/m3 (wet process acid).

Odour pH (no dilution) Melting point Boiling point Vapour pressure Solubility in water Density

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

The product is stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.

10.2

Conditions to avoid

High temperatures.

10.3

Materials to avoid

Bases, aluminium, copper, mild steel, brass, bronze.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products • • •

Fluorine compounds from the heating of wet process acid.

Phosphorus oxides from thermal decomposition.

Hydrogen gas from reaction with metals.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

Phosphoric acid is corrosive to the eyes and skin, irritating for the respiratory tract.

11.2

Toxicity Data

Skin Contact

•

Causes redness and burns but these are not always immediate.

Eyes Contact

•

Splashes cause irritation and burns.

Inhalation

•

Mists may irritate respiratory tract.

Ingestion

•

11.3

May cause burns of mouth and throat, gastro-intestinal irritation or ulceration. May cause pain in the throat and stomach, difficulty in swallowing, thirst, nausea and vomitting followed by diarrhoea. Severe cases may lead to collapse and death.

Other data

No adverse effect has been evaluated by IARC as regards carcinogenicity.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Low volatility. Soluble in water.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability

Freely dissociates.

12.3

Bio-accumulation • •

12.4

The calcium salt of the acid is a normal constituent of bone.

May contribute to the eutrophication of confined surface water.

Ecotoxicity •

Phosphoric acid is harmful to aquatic life even in low concentration due to its acidity.

• •

Lepomis macrochirus (96 hour, 50% mortality) pH 3-3.5 Daphnia magna (12 hours, 50% mortality) pH 4.6

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Phosphoric acid may be disposed of to an authorised waste facility provided the material has been neutralised.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN classification

Class 8, Corrosive Substances, UN No 1805

14.2

Details • •

ADR/RID: Class 8, Item: 17°(C) Label 8, Packaging Group III IMDG: Class 8, Label 8, Packaging Group III

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EEC Directives

classification and labelling according to EEC Directive 67/548/EEC classification: Hazard symbol: Risk phrase: Safety phrases:

15.2

Corrosive C, Representation of acid action.

R34: Causes burns.

S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.

S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).

National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION The information in this safety data sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue: Date of revision:

SULPHURIC ACID

1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

used

Sulphuric acid, sulphuric acid concentrates 7664-93-9 231-639-5 Sulphuric acid H2SO4

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Aqueous solution containing: x% H2SO4

2.2 classification Corrosive according to EEC classification.

3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health Sulphuric acid is highly corrosive to all parts of the body. Its vapours are corrosive to the respiratory tract and can cause fluid build-up on the lung (pulmonary Œdema) which could prove fatal.

Skin Contact

•

Liquid splashes may cause severe burns.

Eye Contact

•

May cause severe burns. May cause prolonged and permanent damage.

Ingestion

•

Will immediately cause severe corrosion of and damage to the gastro-intestinal tract.

Inhalation

•

Vapour is severely irritant to the respiratory tract. Fluid build up on the lung (pulmonary Œdema) may occur up to 48 hours after exposure and could prove fatal.

Long term effects

•

Occupational exposure to strong inorganic acid mists containing sulphuric acid has been associated with an increased incidence of cancer of the larynx (the voice box) and, to a lesser extent, the lung.

3.2 Environment Sulphuric acid is harmful to aquatic life.

3.3 Other Oxidizing agent, may assist combustion. Can react violently if in contact with water. Highly reactive with metals and organic materials.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Speed is essential. In all cases, obtain medical attention.

Skin Contact • Drench with water and remove contaminated clothing and wash or shower the affected skin with plenty of water.

• Obtain immediate medical attention.

Eye Contact • Immediately irrigate the eyes with eyewash solution or clean water for at least 10 minutes.

• Continue irrigation until medical attention can be obtained.

• Hold eyelids open during flushing.

Ingestion • Do not induce vomiting.

• If the person is conscious, wash out mouth with water and give 2 or 3 glasses of water or milk to drink.

• Immediately transport the patient to hospital.

Inhalation • Move the injured person to fresh air at once.

• Keep the patient warm and at rest.

• Administer oxygen if a competent person is available.

• Perform artificial respiration, if breathing has stopped or shows sign of failing.

• Obtain immediate medical attention.

Further medical advice • Following exposure the patient should be kept under medical review for at least 48 hours as delayed pulmonary Œdema may develop.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES Non-flammable. Oxidizing agent, may assist combustion.

5.1 Suitable extinguishing media • Dry powder.

• Water spray should be used to cool containers.

• Suitable extinguishing media for the combustible substance: water.

5.2 specific hazards if product is involved in a Fire • Not combustible, but many reactions may cause Fire and explosion.

• Release of toxic gases (oxides of sulphur) from decomposition and hydrogen from •

6.

reaction with metals.

A self contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing should be worn in Fire conditions.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES 6.1 Personal precautions Put on protective equipment before entering danger area. (See Section 8.)

• • Ventilate area of the spill or leak.

6.2 Environmental precautions • Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains.

• Inform appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

6.3 Methods for cleaning • Swill away small spillage with copious quantities of water.

• Contain large spillage with sand or earth as necessary.

• Neutralise cautiously with soda ash or lime (risk of heat generation and splashing acid) and recover for disposal.

7.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • • • • •

Wear eye and hand protection when handling small quantities.

Provide adequate ventilation.

When diluting, always add acid to water, not water to acid.

Wear full protective equipment where there is a risk of leaks or splashes.

Avoid inhalation of high concentration of mists.

7.2 Storage • • •

Store in cool, well ventilated area.

Keep away from combustible materials, reducing agents, strong bases, metals.

The bung or stopper on steel drums must be opened at periodic intervals to release

hydrogen.

•

8.

Do not permit smoking or the use of naked lights.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits • ACGIH recommended values (1995-96): 3

TLV/TWA : 1mg/m TLV-STEL: 3mg/m3.

(See section 15.3.)

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures • Local exhaust ventilation.

• Provide safety showers and eye washing facility at any location where skin or eye contact can occur.

8.3 Personal Protection • Wear suitable breathing apparatus if exposure levels exceed the recommended limits.

• •

9.

Wear acid resistant gloves, apron, footwear and protective clothing.

Use chemical safety goggles or full face shield.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH (no dilution) Freezing point Boiling point Vapour pressure Vapour density (air = 1) Solubility in water Density at 15°C (water = 1)

Colourless to yellow liquid.

Acrid odour. <1.

3°C (98%).

330°C (98.3%). <0.1Pa at 20°C. 3.4.

Miscible in all proportions.

1.84 (98%).

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

The product is stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.

10.2

Conditions to avoid

High temperatures.

10.3

Materials to avoid • •

Combustible substances, reducing agents, strong bases.

Above 60% the solution is a strong oxidant, reacts with many organic compounds and attacks clothing.

• The substance is a strong acid, reacts violently with bases and is corrosive.

• Attacks base metals (except lead) giving off hydrogen.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

Sulphur dioxide, sulphur trioxide and hydrogen gases evolved.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

Sulphuric acid is highly corrosive to all parts of the body.

11.2

Toxicity Data

Skin Contact

• •

Pain, severe burns.

Prolonged or repeated exposure to diluted solutions may cause dermatitis.

Eye Contact

•

Immediate pain, severe burns, permanent corneal damage which may result in

blindness.

Inhalation

•

Mists and vapours may cause sore throat, coughing, shortness of breath, laboured breathing.

• •

Over-exposure may cause lung Œdema.

Prolonged or repeated exposures to mists or vapours of sulphuric acid may cause erosion and discolouration of teeth, chronic irritation of the nose, throat and bronchial tubes.

Ingestion

•

Pain and severe burning in the mouth and throat and damage to gastro-intestinal tract.

11.3

Other Data •

The WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) have concluded that occupational exposure to strong inorganic acid mists containing sulphuric acid is carcinogenic to man, causing cancer of the larynx (the voice box) and, to a lesser extent, the lung. Although no direct link has been established between exposure to sulphuric acid, itself, and cancer in man, exposure to any mist or aerosol during the use of this product should be avoided and, in any case, keep exposures below the occupational exposure limit for sulphuric acid.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Soluble in water.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability • •

12.3

Unlikely to cause harmful effects.

Remains indefinitely in the environment as sulphate.

Bio-accumulation

The product has low potential of bio-accumulation.

12.4

Ecotoxicity •

Sulphuric acid is harmful to aquatic life even in low concentration.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Sulphuric acid should be disposed of in accordance with local and national legislation.

14.

TRANSPORT INFORMATION

14.1

UN classification

Class 8, Corrosive Substances, UN No 1830.

14.2

Details • •

ADR/RID: Class 8, Item 1¡(b), Label: 8, Packaging Group II. IMDG: Class 8, Label: 8, Packaging Group II.

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EEC Directives

classification and labelling according to Directive 67/548/EEC classification: Hazard symbol: Risk Phrase: Safety Phrases:

15.2

Corrosive.

C, Representation of acid action.

R35: Causes severe burns.

S2: Keep out of the reach of children.

S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.

S30: Never add water to this product.

National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION The information in this safety data sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

UREA

1.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPANY 1.1 identification of the Product Designation Trade name Commonly used synonyms CAS Number EINECS Number EINECS Name Molecular formula

EC Fertilizer, Urea Carbamide, Carbonyl Diamide 57-13-6 200-315-5 Urea CH4 N2O

1.2 Company Address

Telephone No. Telefax No. Telex No.

1.3 Emergency calls Company and/or official Advisory Body

2.

Telephone No. Telephone No.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2.1 Nature of ingredients and concentration Product containing urea as essential ingredient (Total nitrogen 46%).

2.2 classification Not classed as hazardous material according to EEC Directive 67/548/EEC.

3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Human health The product has low toxicity. However, the following points should be noted.

Skin Contact

•

Prolonged or repeated contact may cause some irritation.

Eye Contact

•

Prolonged or repeated contact may cause some irritation.

Ingestion

• •

Small quantities are unlikely to cause toxic effect.

Large quantities may give rise to gastro-intestinal disorders.

Inhalation

•

High dust concentrations of air-borne material may cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tract.

Long term effects

•

No adverse effects are known. Occurs naturally in the body.

Fire and thermal decomposition products • Inhalation of decomposition gases can cause irritation and corrosive effects on the respiratory system. Some lung effects may be delayed.

3.2 Other Fire and heating

•

When heated, urea decomposes releasing ammonia. In a Fire, toxic fumes containing ammonia and NOX may be released.

4.

FIRST-AID MEASURES 4.1 Product Skin Contact

•

Wash the affected area with soap and water.

Eye Contact

• •

Flush/irrigate eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10 minutes.

Obtain medical attention if eye irritation persists.

Ingestion

• • •

Do not induce vomiting.

Give water or milk to drink.

Obtain medical attention if more than a small quantity has been swallowed.

Inhalation

• •

Remove from source of exposure to dusts.

Obtain medical advice if ill effects occur.

4.2 Fire and decomposition products Skin Contact

• •

Wash areas in contact with molten material copiously with cold water.

Obtain medical attention.

Inhalation

• • •

Remove from the source of exposure to fumes.

Keep warm and at rest.

Persons who have inhaled decomposition gases should immediately obtain medical attention.

5.

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES 5.1 If fertilizer is not directly involved in the Fire Use the best means available to extinguish the Fire.

5.2 If fertilizer is involved in the Fire Call the Fire brigade.

• • Avoid breathing the fumes (toxic), stay up-wind of the fire.

• Wear an approved breathing mask when fighting a Fire. Use a self-contained • • • •

6.

breathing apparatus if fumes are being entered.

Use plenty of water.

Open doors and windows of the store to give maximum ventilation.

Do not allow molten fertilizer to run into drains.

If water containing fertilizer enters any drains or watercourse, inform the local authorities immediately.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES 6.1 Environmental precautions Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains and inform the appropriate authority in case of accidental contamination of watercourses.

6.2 Methods for cleaning • Any spillage of fertilizer should be cleaned up promptly, swept up and placed in a •

7.

clean, labelled, open container for safe disposal.

Depending on the degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as a fertilizer on farm by spreading thinly on open ground or to an authorised waste facility.

HANDLING AND STORAGE 7.1 Handling • • •

Avoid excessive generation of dust.

Avoid unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere to prevent moisture pick-up.

When handling the product over long periods use appropriate personal protective equipment e.g. gloves.

7.2 Storage • • •

Locate away from the source of heat or Fire.

Ensure high standard of housekeeping in the storage area.

Any building used for the storage should be dry and well ventilated.

8.

EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits No specific official limit.

• • ACGIH recommended value (1995-96) for inhalable particulate: TLV/TWA : 10mg/m3.

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures Avoid high dust concentration and provide ventilation where necessary.

8.3 Personal Protection • Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over long periods.

• Use suitable dust respirator if dust concentration is high.

9.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Odour pH water solution (conc.10%) Melting point Flammability (solids) Explosive properties

Oxidizing properties Bulk density Solubility in water

White solid.

Odourless.

9-10.

133°C (decomposes).

Not flammable (Method A10 EEC) Uncontaminated urea is not an explosion hazard.

However it may form explosive mixtures subject to spontaneous detonation when contaminated with strong acid (nitric or perchloric) or nitrates.

None.

700-780kg/m3.

1080g/l at 20°C.

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 10.1

Stability

The product is stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.

10.2

Conditions to avoid • •

Heating above melting point.

Welding or hot work on equipment or plant which may have contained fertilizer without First washing thoroughly to remove all fertilizer.

10.3

Materials to avoid

Strong oxidizers, acids, alkalies, nitrates, sodium or calcium hypochlorite.

10.4

Hazardous reactions/decomposition products

Urea reacts with sodium or calcium hypochlorite to form explosive nitrogen trichloride. (See also Sections 3.2 and 9.)

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 11.1

General

See Section 3.1.

11.2

Toxicity Data

LD50 (oral, rat)

> 2000mg/kg

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 12.1

Mobility

Soluble in water.

12.2

Persistence/Degradability

Substantially biodegradable in soil and water.

12.3

Bio-accumulation

Low potential for bio-accumulation.

12.4

Ecotoxicity

Has low intrinsic aquatic toxicity but will exert a substantial oxygen demand when significant quantities as in a spillage reach a watercourse and may cause damage to aquatic life.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 13.1

General

Depending on degree and nature of contamination, dispose of by use on farm, by spreading thinly on open ground or to an authorised waste facility.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION 14.1

UN classification

Not classed, ie considered non-hazardous material according to UN Orange Book and international transport codes e.g. RID (rail), ADR (road) and IMDG (sea).

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION 15.1

EEC Directives

76/116/EEC (Law relating to fertilizers)

15.2

National laws

16. OTHER INFORMATION The information in this safety data sheet is given in good faith and belief in its accuracy based on our knowledge of the substance/preparation concerned at the date of publication. It does not imply the acceptance of any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever by the Company for the consequences of its use or misuse in any particular circumstances.

Date of issue:

Date of revision:

Appendix 2 COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 93/112/EC of 10 December 1993 amending Commission Directive 91/155/EEC defining and laying down detailed arrangements for the system of specific information relating to dangerous preparations in implementation of Article 10 of Council Directive 88/379/EEC

THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Council Directive 88/379/EEC of 7 June 1988 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous preparations(l), as last amended by Commission Directive 93/18/EEC(2)and in particular Article 10(2) thereof, Whereas Article 10(2) of Directive 88/379/EEC provides that the Commission shall make detailed arrangements for the implementation of a system of information in the form of safety data sheets relating to dangerous preparations ; whereas, therefore, Commission Directive 91/155/EEC(3) laid down such detailed arrangements ; Whereas Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of dangerous substances(4) as last amended by Commission Directive 92/21/EEC(5) and in particular Article 27 thereof, provides that the Commission shall make general rules for the elaboration distribution, contents and format of safety data sheets in relation to dangerous substances ; Whereas it is appropriate that the arrangements in relation to safety data sheets be the same for substances and for preparations ; whereas this approach was foreseen by Directive 91/155/EEC ; whereas, therefore, it is necessary to amend Directive 91/155/EEC in this sense ; Whereas it is necessary to make certain changes to the Annex in order to ensure protection of the environment ; Whereas given the amendments made to Directive 91/155/EEC Article 4 thereof should accordingly be repealed ; Whereas the provisions of this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee for the adaptation to technical progress of the directives on the removal of technical barriers to trade in dangerous substances and preparations,

HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: Article 1 Directive 91/155/EEC is hereby amended as follows : 1. Article 4 is repealed.

2. The Annex is replaced by the Annex to this Directive.

Article 2 1. Member States shall adopt and publish the provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 1 January 1995 at the latest and shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.

2. These provisions shall take effect from 1 January 1995.

However, information systems of the safety data sheet type in use in some Member States may continue to be used until 1 July 1995.

3. When Member States adopt these provisions, these shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such a reference at the time of their official publication. The procedure for such reference shall be adopted by the Member States.

Article 3 This Directive shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the official Journal of the European Communities.

Done at Brussels, 10 December 1993.

For the Commission Yannis PALEOKRASSAS Member of the Commission (1) OJ No L 187, 16.7. 1988, p. 14.

(2) OJ No L 104, 29.4. 1993, p. 46.

(3) OJ No L 76, 22.3. 1991, p. 35.

(4) OJ No 196, 16.8. 1967, p. 1.

(5) OJ No L 110, 4.5. 1993, p. 20.

ANNEX GUIDE TO THE COMPILATION OF SAFETY DATA SHEETS

The following explanatory notes are intended as a guide. Their purpose is to ensure that the content of each of the mandatory headings listed in Article 3 will enable professional users to take the necessary measures relating to protection of health and safety at the workplace, and to protect the environment.

The information must be written in a clear and concise manner.

Additional information may prove necessary in some cases in view of the wide range of properties of the substances and preparations. If in other cases it emerges that information from certain properties is of no significance or that it is technically impossible to provide the reasons for this must be clearly stated.

Although the order of headings is not obligatory, the sequence given in Article 3 is recommended.

When a safety data sheet has been revised, the change should be brought to the attention of the recipient.

1. Identification of the substance/preparation and of the company/undertaking 1.1. identification of the substance or preparation : The term used for identification must be identical to that provided on the label as set out in Annex VI to Directive 67/548/EEC. Other means of identification available may also be indicated.

1.2. Company/undertaking identification : identification of the person established within the Community responsible for placing the substance or preparation on the market whether it be the manufacturer, importer or distributor, full address and telephone number of this person.

1.3. In addition to the above mentioned information, supply the emergency telephone number of the company and/or official advisory body in accordance with Article 12 of Directive 88/379/EEC.

2. Composition/information on ingredients The information given should enable the recipient to identify readily the risks attached to the substance or preparation.

In the case of a preparation: (a) it is not necessary to give the full composition (nature of the ingredients and their concentration) ;

(b) however, the following substances shall be indicated, together with their concentration or concentration range, if they are present in concentrations equal to or greater than those laid down in Article 3 (6) (a) of Directive 88/379/EEC (unless a lower limit is considered more appropriate) : substances presenting a health hazard within the meaning of Directive 67/548/EEC, and at least substances subject to recognised exposure limit values pursuant to Community provisions but which are not covered by the above Directive ; (c) the classification (either from Article 6 of or Annex 1 to Directive 67/548/EEC) of the above substances shall be given in the form of the symbols and R phrases which are assigned in accordance with their health hazards ; (d) if, in accordance with the provisions of Article 7 (1) of Directive 88/379/EEC, the identity of certain substances is to be kept confidential, their chemical nature shall be described in order to ensure safe handling. The name must be the same as that which derives from the above procedure.

3. Hazards identification Indicate clearly and briefly the most important hazards the substance or preparation presents, in particular the critical hazards to man and the environment.

Describe the most important adverse human health effects and symptoms relating to the uses and possible misuses of the substance or preparation that can be reasonably foreseen.

The information should be compatible with that shown on the product label but need not repeat it.

4. First-aid measures Describe the First-aid measures ; however, it is important to specify whether immediate medical attention is required.

The information on First aid must be brief and easy to understand by the victim, bystanders and First aiders. The symptoms and effects should be briefly summarised. The instructions should indicate what is to be done on the spot in the case of an accident and whether delayed effects can be expected after exposure.

Subdivide the information according to the different routes of exposure, i.e. inhalation, skin and eye contact and ingestion, under different sub-headings.

Indicate whether professional assistance by a doctor is need or advisable.

For some substances or preparations it may be important to emphasize that special means to provide specific and immediate treatment must be available at the workplace.

5. Fire-fighting measures Refer to requirements for Fighting a Fire caused by the substance or preparation, or arising in its vicinity by indicating: suitable extinguishing media, extinguishing media which must not be used for safety reasons, special exposure hazards arising from the substance or preparation itself, combustion products, resulting gases, special protective equipment for Fire-fighters.

6. Accidental release measures Depending on the substance or preparation involved, information may be needed on: personal precautions such as : removal of ignition sources, provision for Sufficient ventilation/respiratory protection, control of dust, prevention of skin and eye contact, environmental precautions such as : keeping away from drains, surface- and ground-water and soil, possible need to alert the neighbourhood, methods for cleaning up such as : use of absorbent material (e.g. sand, diatonic soil, acid binder, universal binder, sawdustâ&#x20AC;Ś) reduction of gases/fumes with water, dilution.

Also consider the need for indications such as: 'never use, neutralize with, Ă&#x2030;Ă&#x2022; NB: If appropriate refer to points 8 and 13.

7. Handling and storage 7.1. Handling Consider precautions for sole handling including advice on technical measures such as : local and general ventilation, measures to prevent aerosol and dust generation and Fire, and any specific requirement or rules relating to the substance or preparation (e.g. procedures or equipment which are prohibited or recommended) and if possible give a brief description.

7.2. Storage Consider the conditions for safe storage such as : specific design for storage rooms or vessels (including retention walls and ventilation), incompatible materials, conditions of storage (temperature and humidity limit/range, light, inert gas...), special electrical equipment and prevention of static electricity.

Give advice if relevant on quantity limits under storage conditions. In particular indicate any special requirements such as the type of material used in the packaging/containers of the substance or preparation.

8. Exposure controls/personal protection For the purposes of this document exposure control means the full range of precautionary measures to be taken during use in order to minimize worker exposure.

Engineering measures should be taken before personal protection equipment is necessary. Therefore give information on the system design, e.g. enclosure. This information should complement that already given to point 7.1.

Indicate, with their reference, any specific control parameters such as limit values or biological standards.

Give information on the recommended monitoring procedures and indicate the reference.

Where personal protection is needed, specify the type of equipment to provide adequate and suitable protection : respiratory protection : in the case of dangerous vapours or dust, consider the need for appropriate protective equipment, such as self-contained breathing apparatus, adequate masks and filters, hand protection : specify the type of gloves to be worn when handling the substance or preparation. If necessary indicate any additional skin and hand protection measures, eye protection : specify the type of eye protection equipment required such as: safety glasses, safety goggles, face shield, skin protection : If it is necessary to protect a part of the body other than the hands, specify the type and quality of protection equipment required such as : apron, boots and full protective suit. If necessary, indicate specific hygiene measures.

Reference shall be made where appropriate to the relevant CEN standards.

9. Physical and chemical properties This section includes the following information, where applicable, on the substances or preparation.

Appearance: indicate the physical state (solid, liquid, gas) and the colour of the substance of preparation as supplied.

Odour: if odour is perceptible, give a brief description of it. pH: indicate the pH of the substance or preparation as supplied or of an aqueous solution ; in the latter case, indicate the concentration.

Boiling point/boiling range:

Within the meaning of Directive 67/548/EEC Melting point/melting rang : Flash point: Flammability (solid, gas): Autoflammability: Explosive properties: Oxidising properties: Vapour pressure: Relative density: Solubility: water solubility fat solubility (solvent-oil to be specified): Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: Other data:

indicate important safety parameters, such as vapour density, miscibility, evaporation rate, conductivity, viscosity, etc.

The above properties should be determined in accordance with the specifications of Part A of Annex V to Directive 67/548/EEC or any other comparable method.

10. Stability and reactivity State the stability of the substance of preparation and the possibility of hazardous reactions occurring under certain conditions.

Conditions to avoid: List those conditions such as temperature, pressure, light, shock, etc, which may cause a dangerous reaction and if possible give a brief description.

Materials to avoid: List materials such as water, air, acids, bases, oxidising agents or any other specific substance which may cause a dangerous reaction and if possible give a brief description.

Hazardous decomposition products: List hazardous materials produced in dangerous amounts upon decomposition.

N.B. Address specifically: - the need for and the presence of stabilizers, - the possibility of a hazardous exothermic reaction, safety significance, if any, of a change in physical appearance of the substance or preparation, - hazardous decomposition products, if any, formed upon contact with water, - possibility of degradation to unstable products.

11. Toxicological information This section deals with the need for a concise but complete and comprehensible description of the various toxicological (health) effects which can arise if the user comes into contact with the substance or preparation.

Include dangerous-to-health effects from exposure to the substance or preparation, based on both experiences and conclusions from scientific experiments. Include information on the different routes of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact) and describe the symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics.

Include known delayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short- and long-term exposure : for example sensitization, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and reproductive toxicity including teratogenicity and narcosis.

Taking account of the information already provided under point 2, 'Composition/information on ingredients', it may be necessary to make reference to specific health effects of certain components in preparations.

12. Ecological information Identity effects, behaviour and environmental fate owing to the nature of the substance or preparation and its reasonably foreseeable uses. Information of the same kind shall be supplied for dangerous products arising from the degradation of substances and preparations.

Examples of relevant ecological information are listed below: mobility :

degradability :

accumulation : Short and long term effects on : ecotoxicity :

other adverse effects :

known or predicted distribution to environmental compartments, - surface tension, - absorption/desorption, - other physical-chemical properties, see section 9 ; - biotic and abiotic degradation, - ĂŚrobic and anĂŚrobic degradation, - persistence ; - bio-accumulation potential, - biomagnification ; - aquatic organisms, - soil organisms, - plants and terrestrial animals ; - ozone depletion potential, - photochemical ozone creation potential, - global warming potential, - effects on waste water treatment plants ;

Remarks Ensure that information relevant to the environment is provided in other sections of the safety data sheet, especially advice for controlled release, accidental release measures and disposal considerations in points 6, 7, 13 and 15.

Pending criteria for evaluation of the environmental impact of a preparation, information relating to the factors above shall be given for substances classed as dangerous for the environment which are present in the preparation.

13. Disposal considerations If the disposal of the substance or preparation (surplus or waste resulting from the foreseeable use) presents a danger, a description of these residues and information on their safe handling shall be given.

Indicate the appropriate methods of disposal of both the substance or preparation and any contaminated packaging (incineration, recycling, landfilling, etc.).

Comment Refer to any Community provisions relating to waste. In their absence, it is useful to remind the user that national or regional provisions may be in force.

14. Transport information Indicate any special precautions which a user needs to be aware of or needs to comply with in connection with transport or conveyance either within or outside his premises.

Additional information provided for by the United Nations recommendation and other international agreements on the transport and packaging of dangerous goods may also be given.

15. Regulatory information Give the information on the label according to the Directives relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances and preparations.

If the substance or preparation covered by this data sheet is the subject of specific provisions in relation to protection of man or the environment at Community level (e.g. restrictions on marketing and use, limit values for exposure at the place of work) these provisions should, as far as possible, be stated. The attention of recipients should also be drawn to the existence of national laws that implement these provisions.

It is also recommended that the data sheet should remind recipients to refer to any other national measures that may be relevant.

16. Other information Indicate any other information which might be of importance for safety and health and for the protection of the environment, for example :

• • • •

training advice, recommended use and restrictions, further information (written reference and/or technical contact point), sources of key data used to compile the data sheet.

Also give the date of issue of the data sheet, if not stated elsewhere.