From Fear to Hope | Unmasking the Truth about Terrorism

PUBLIC SPEAKING & DEBATE

FROM FEAR TO HOPE UNMASKING THE TRUTH ABOUT TERRORISM JUNIOR LEVEL 01

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Welcoming Remarks Welcome back to class, everyone! If this is your first class, we’re very excited to meet you! Before moving on to our lesson, let’s all introduce ourselves.

Tell us your:

Name

Age

Favourite subject in school

Fantastic! Now that we all know each other, we are ready to embark on an exciting journey of learning.

Along the way, you will discover new ideas, practice thinking on your feet, build your confidence when speaking in front of an audience, and develop your critical thinking skills.

Expectations

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Thrilling activities awaits The activities will keep you on the edge of your seat!

Give awesome speeches!

We'll have a chance to speak up and get helpful feedback!

Active participation I'll call on your wacky ideas to make this class extra special.

HOUSE RULES FOR EVERYONE

Reminder: Class Rules Now that we all know each other, let’s make this class into a proper classroom!

Here are some rules that we will all follow together:

Before Class 1. Make sure that you’ve eaten breakfast/lunch and have gone to the bathroom 2. Join the Zoom call a few minutes before class starts so we can get started right away!

At the Start of Class 1. Turn your camera on so we can see your lovely smile!

2. Let your coach know if you need to leave class early

During Class 1. Keep your camera on unless you are preparing during an activity 2. Put your hand up if you want to say something 3. Do not leave your computer during class - if you need to go to the bathroom, put your hand up and ask your coach before you go 4. Immediately unmute yourself and reply when you are called on

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

CLASS INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION Ready, get set, go! Together, we’re running toward the finish line for this semester. Today, we will learn about the exciting world of sports and discover the awesome values that make them so special!

We will explore what makes sports more than just a game and why being a good sport is super important.

We'll use real-life stories and examples to see how athletes show that they’re good at sports. By the end, you'll understand that winning isn't everything; it's about the values that make sports so amazing. Plus, we'll put your skills to the test in some fun challenges, so get ready for an actionpacked finish!"

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THE TERROR WE FACE rism?

What is terro orism Types of Terr tics c Terrorism Ta

WHAT’S THE REASON? Activity

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CLASS OVERVIEW

Overview By the end of today’s class, you’ll learn:

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How terrorist groups work and their impacts on our society Why do terrorists hurt people?

Alternatives to terrorism

Arguing using principles

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

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WHAT’S THE REASON? Activity

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PART 1: TERRORIZING THE WORLD

My Biggest Fear Warm-up Activity Time

3 Mins: Think 1 Min: Speak

Rules We’re all afraid of something. Share with the class your top 3 biggest fears.

Guidelines Think about what makes you feel scared and nervous You can mention anything as your biggest fear–a person, situation, time, item, idea, and so on

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Everyone has differing fears, but most people fear similar things. Imagine if someone made the most common fears people have into a reality–now that’s terrifying!

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 1: TERRORIZING THE WORLD

WHAT IS TERRORISM? Terrorism comes from the root word ‘terror’.

Terrorism is when some individuals or groups use that feeling of fear, through violence against civilians, to try to achieve their goals.

These goals can be political, religious, or sometimes just to cause chaos and fear. We will discuss these later.

Did you know?

Terrorism is a very complicated concept, one whose definition people from around the world cannot fully agree on.

TYPES OF TERRORISM In general, there are three main goals that terrorist groups fight for. Let’s examine them below

Political Terrorism This is when groups or individuals use violence or threats for political reasons. They may want to change who’s in charge of running the country or the laws that are in place.

Example: A group is unhappy about the results of an election, so they destroy government offices.

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Religious Terrorism Some people use violence in the name of protecting the rules of their religion, believing that they must rid the world of “sinners” to make their god happy.

“Sinner” is a term often used in religion to describe someone who has done something considered morally wrong or against the teachings of their faith.

Environmental Terrorism Certain groups might use violence to draw attention to environmental issues. They might damage property to make a point about protecting nature.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 1: TERRORIZING THE WORLD

TERRORISM TACTICS Tactics That Kill Explosive Attacks This category includes bombings and suicide attacks, where terrorists use explosives to target crowded places, government buildings, or public transportation systems.

Assassinations Terrorists may carry out assassinations to eliminate perceived threats, such as political leaders or well-known and powerful people.

CBRN Threats This covers Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear (CBRN) attacks, which involve dangerous substances like chemicals or diseases to harm or intimidate populations.

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Vehicular Attacks This includes using cars, trucks, or tanks as weapons to ram into crowds, causing mass casualties.

Gun Violence This includes shootings carried out by individuals or groups targeting civilians, government officials, or specific institutions.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 1: TERRORIZING THE WORLD

TERRORISM TACTICS Tactics that Stall Kidnappings Individuals or groups may abduct people, and make them hostages. They will then make demands, such as money or the release of prisoners who are part of their group in exchange for setting the hostages free.

Hijackings Terrorists may hijack airplanes, ships, or vehicles to gain control and use them as weapons or bargaining tools.

Cyberterrorism In today's digital age, terrorists can use computers and the internet to cause harm. They might hack into the computers that the government uses to store information or run important services like transportation or national defence.

They could then delete, leak, or use the information to hurt the government and its citizens.

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Propaganda- information that's often one-sided or misleading, shared to influence what people think or do.

It can be found in ads, politics, or media, trying to shape opinions and actions.

Tactics that Stall Propaganda and Recruitment Terrorist groups often use propaganda, social media, and online platforms to recruit new members, spread their ideologies, and create a sense of belonging among sympathizers.

These tactics vary in complexity and scale but share the common objective of making people afraid, advancing ideological or political goals, and gaining attention.

Terrorists use extremely violent methods to achieve their goals. They do not care if they end up hurting innocent people in the process.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 1: TERRORIZING THE WORLD

Now, let’s think about wh count as terrorism and o

How do the motives and

TERRORISM

MOTIVATION/ GOAL

Political/Ideological/Religious

TARGETS

Governments or Civilians

WANTS TO BE FEATURED IN THE MEDIA?

Yes

Did you

Terrorism whose def cannot full

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hy some attacks on civilians others don’t.

d methods affect our definitions?

ORGANIZED CRIME

VIOLENT ACT

Profit (e.g. robbing a bank, selling illegal items)

Unknown or due to mental illness

Other criminals, businesses, or individuals involved in their illegal activities

Can be anyone

No

Maybe

know?

is a very complicated concept, one finition people from around the world ly agree on.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 1: TERRORIZING THE WORLD

What’s the Reason?

Activity Time

5 mins

Rules As a class, discuss what you think the reason/s are for the situations below.

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PART 1: TERRORIZING THE WORLD

CHOICES A. Political B. Religious C. No Clear Reason

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Situation 1: A place of worship, like a church, mosque, or synagogue, is targeted in an act of violence.

Situation 2: A government building in a major city is bombed, causing significant damage and loss of life.

Situation 3: A group hijacks an empty plane, using it to fly from the USA to the Bahamas Situation 4: A rally about building a new hotel near the lake results in the machines used for construction being destroyed.

Based on the targets and victims, one can guess the reason behind the terrorist attack.

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TERROR IST GRO U EXPLAI NING PR PS INCIPL (THE RU LE METH OD)

THE TERROR WE FACE rism?

What is terro orism Types of Terr tics c Terrorism Ta

WHAT’S THE REASON? Activity

PAR A TERRIFIE

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Terroris m P re p a re d n ess

ERSTAN D ERRORI ING SM Quiz

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PART THRE E WHA T’S W RONG ?

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PART 2: A TERRIFIED WORLD

Case Study The September 11, 2001, Attacks (a.k.a 9/11)

On a bright and sunny morning in the United States on September 11, 2001 that changed the country and the world. That day, 19 terrorists hijacked fo terrorists belonged to a group called Al-Qaeda and were led by a man nam

This group is an example of terrorism for religious and political reasons. Th Religion too far. We call them “religious extremists.” They believe that stric law should be the law a country follows, as well as its cultural and social lif believe this, many do not. These extremists like Al-Qaeda believe violence these ends.

The terrorists crashed two of the planes into the famous Twin Towers in N them to collapse. This was a heartbreaking event because many people we at the time. Another plane crashed into the Pentagon, a building where the fourth plane, United Airlines Flight 93, was headed towards another impor passengers on board fought back, and the plane crashed into a field in Pen even more harm. These attacks caused the loss of many lives and lots of d United States and other countries worked together to prevent similar even safety, and understanding.

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Did you know?

Q

The Twin Towers stood at 1,776 feet and they were the tallest buildings in New York City, and for a brief period upon their completion, they were the tallest buildings in the world.

W th ac

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1, a tragic event unfolded our airplanes. These med Osama bin Laden.

hey take the Islamic ct obedience to religious fe. While some Muslims e is acceptable to achieve

New York City, causing ere inside the buildings e U.S. military works. The rtant place, but brave nnsylvania, preventing damage. Afterward, the nts and promote peace,

Question

Why do you think hat Al-Qaeda’s ctions were wrong?

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 2: A TERRIFIED WORLD

IMPACTS OF TERRORISM Terrorism has far-reaching consequences that affect individuals, communities, and nations in various ways.

Loss of Life Terrorist attacks can result in the tragic loss of innocent lives, causing immense grief and sorrow for families and communities.

Physical Injuries Survivors of terrorist acts often suffer physical injuries, ranging from minor wounds to severe disabilities, which can have long-lasting effects on their lives.

Psychological Trauma Witnessing or experiencing acts of terrorism can lead to people feeling m very, very sad and scared. They might have bad dreams, feel worried and unsafe, or do not want to do things they used to enjoy. This is called psychological trauma, and it's like having strong, upsetting feelings because of something frightening that happened.

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Economic Costs Terrorist attacks can cause significant economic damage, including the destruction of infrastructure, loss of jobs, and less tourism.

Social Divisions Terrorism can deepen social divisions, mistrust, and prejudice, as people may wrongly blame entire groups or communities for the actions of a few individuals.

Increased Security Measures Governments often put stricter security measures, which may lead to things like banning free speech or monitoring the phones of citizens.

Loss of homes Terrorism can force people to flee their homes, leading to refugee crises.

Global Impact Terrorism is a global issue, and its effects extend beyond national borders, requiring international cooperation to combat it effectively. Terrorist acts can strain relations between countries, leading to political tensions and conflicts.

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PART 2: A TERRIFIED WORLD

Based on the targets and victims, one can guess the reason behind the terrorist attack.

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SAFETY AND PREPAREDNESS While it's rare, it's important to know what to do in case you're ever near an incident related to terrorism. Here are some safety and preparedness tips: Stay Calm: If you hear about or witness a terrorist incident, try to stay calm. Panic can make things worse.

Follow Instructions: Listen to adults and authorities.

They will give you guidance on what to do to stay safe.

Evacuate if Necessary: If there's an immediate threat, like a suspicious package or a warning, follow evacuation instructions and move to a safe location.

Stay Informed: Pay attention to news updates, but use reliable sources. Rumors can spread fear.

Contact Loved Ones: Let your family or guardians know you're safe if you're away from home during an incident.

Report Suspicious Activity: If you see something unusual or suspicious, tell a trusted adult or teacher.

They can contact the authorities if needed.

Remember, acts of terrorism rarely happen, but it's crucial to stay informed and prepared without letting fear control our lives.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 2: A TERRIFIED WORLD

QUIZ

Understand QUESTION ONE

QUESTIO

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO STAY INFORMED DURING AN INCIDENT RELATED TO TERRORISM?

IN ADDITION TO INJURIES, WHAT SIGNIFICANT CON WITNESSING OR ACTS OF TERROR

A.) To spread rumours and create panic.

B.) To know what's happening and make informed decisions.

C.) To ignore the situation and hope it goes away.

D.) To avoid authorities and stay away from the area.

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A.) Increased happi

B.) Emotional stren

C.) Psychological tr upsetting feelings.

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TIME

ding Terrorism

ON TWO

QUESTION THREE

PHYSICAL IS ANOTHER NSEQUENCE OF EXPERIENCING RISM?

WHAT WAS THE NAME OF THE GROUP THAT CRASHED TWO PLANES INTO THE TWIN TOWERS ON 9/11?

iness and positivity.

ngth and resilience.

BONUS QUESTION: WHO WAS THEIR LEADER?

rauma and strong,

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 2: A TERRIFIED WORLD

ANSWE

Understand QUESTION ONE

QUESTIO

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO STAY INFORMED DURING AN INCIDENT RELATED TO TERRORISM?

IN ADDITION TO INJURIES, WHAT SIGNIFICANT CON WITNESSING OR ACTS OF TERROR

A.) To spread rumours and create panic.

B.) To know what's happening and make informed decisions.

C.) To ignore the situation and hope it goes away.

D.) To avoid authorities and stay away from the area.

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A.) Increased happi

B.) Emotional stren

C.) Psychological tr upsetting feelings.

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ER KEY

ding Terrorism

ON TWO

QUESTION THREE

PHYSICAL IS ANOTHER NSEQUENCE OF EXPERIENCING RISM?

WHAT WAS THE NAME OF THE GROUP THAT CRASHED TWO PLANES INTO THE TWIN TOWERS ON 9/11?

iness and positivity.

ngth and resilience.

rauma and strong,

AL-QAEDA BONUS QUESTION: WHO WAS THEIR LEADER?

OSAMA BIN LADEN

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

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UNDE TE

TERROR IST GRO U EXPLAI NING PR PS INCIPL (THE RU LE METH OD)

THE TERROR WE FACE rism?

What is terro orism Types of Terr tics c Terrorism Ta

WHAT’S THE REASON? Activity

PAR TURNING TO

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Terroris m P re p a re d n ess

ERSTAN D ERRORI ING SM Quiz

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PART THRE E WHA T’S W RONG ?

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PART 3: TURNING TO TERROR

Terrorist groups Al-Qaeda Founded by Osama bin Laden, AlQaeda is known for its involvement in numerous high-profile attacks, including the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States.

Basque Homeland and Freedom (a.k.a.

ETA in Spain) ETA was a separatist organization that sought independence for the Basque Country and Navarre from Spain and France. It carried out numerous bombings, assassinations, and kidnappings over several decades to achieve its goals. ETA officially announced a ceasefire in 2011 and later dissolved in 2018.

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ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) ISIS aims to establish a global caliphate based on its extremist interpretation of Islam. The group has been responsible for widespread violence and terrorism.

Taliban The Taliban is an Afghan extremist group known for its strict understanding of Islamic law and control over parts of Afghanistan. It has been involved in conflict and terrorism in the region.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 3: TURNING TO TERROR

Terrorist grou Irish Republican Army (IRA) The IRA was an Irish nationalist group that used violence and bombings to pursue its goal of ending British rule in Northern Ireland and achieving a united Ireland. While the group's activities have significantly decreased in recent years, it was responsible for numerous bombings and attacks during its active years. kidnappings.

Abu Sayyaf Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) is a group in the southern Philippines. They wanted their Islamic state there and split from another group in the 1990s. ASG does bad things like kidnapping for money, bombings, and other crimes. They operate in some specific places in the southern part of the country and sometimes go to the capital city, Manila.

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ups

Several terrorist organisations want to achieve different goals globally. They are not limited to one goal or one area of the world.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 3: TURNING TO TERROR

The RULE Method R - RIGHT? This means talking about something you believe in or something that's fair.

Re to

U - USING AN EXAMPLE It's like explaining something using a story or example that makes it easier to understand.

W w m

L - LIKE Show why one thing is like another thing or why they happen the same way.

E - EXPLAIN WHY IT'S IMPORTANT It's about telling why the idea you believe in is important for everyone to follow.

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Example Terrorist leaders should be held responsible for the actions of their followers R - RIGHT?

esponsibility- It is their responsibility, so it is fair o hold them responsible.

U - USING AN EXAMPLE

When do we hold people responsible? It’s when someone was the cause of harm, like when one sells alcohol to minors and they get into an accident.

L - LIKE

1. Terrorists follow their leader–it’s like when a general tells soldiers to attack. Explain Why It's Important 2. Justice should happen regardless of outcomes – we hold people responsible for their actions by punishing them not just because it “stops crime” but also because it is fair.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 3: TURNING TO TERROR

What’s Wrong?

Activity Time

5-7 Mins: Think 2-3 Mins: Speak

Rules You are an expert mediator. Right now, there is a terrorist who is planning to bomb a hospital because he is angry about how expensive healthcare is.

You must convince him that this is wrong so that he does not go through with the bombing.

Guidelines 1. Explain why bombing an entire hospital is wrong 2. Think about other ways his concerns could be dealt with

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R - RIGHT? U - USING AN EXAMPLE L - LIKE E - EXPLAIN WHY IT'S IMPORTANT

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

RECAP

Feedback It’s time for me to tell you my favourite thing about your speech, as well as what you can improve on. I will give you 2 pieces of feedback: 1. Whether you were able to properly follow the RULE Method 2. How to improve your speech delivery

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DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 3: TURNING TO TERROR

Example Answer R - RIGHT?

L

What's right is choosing a path of peace and understanding. Terrorism involves hurting innocent people who have nothing to do with the problems we might be facing. It's not fair to make others suffer for something they didn't cause.

Ju te cr ha vi

U - USING AN EXAMPLE

E

Imagine a family that's angry at their neighbour because of a disagreement. Instead of talking it out or finding a fair solution, they decide to throw rocks through their neighbour's window. The family's anger might feel justified to them, but it's not right to hurt innocent people. Terrorism is like throwing those rocks on a much larger and more dangerous scale.

W Be sa pe ha th be an

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L - LIKE

ust like the family's actions hurt the neighbour's family, errorism hurts entire communities and even nations. It reates fear, pain, and suffering for innocent people who ave nothing to do with the original problem. This cycle of iolence only leads to more anger and more problems.

E - EXPLAIN WHY IT'S IMPORTANT

Why is it important to choose peace and understanding? ecause we all deserve to live in a world where we can feel afe and where our disagreements can be resolved eacefully. Terrorism destroys that safety and peace. It arms not only the victims but also the ones who choose his path. Everyone needs to understand that there are etter ways to make our voices heard, to make changes, nd to stand up for what we believe in.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 3: TURNING TO TERROR

Keeping the Peace Question If you had a problem with a friend, what's a nice way you could try to solve it without fighting or hurting each other?

Dialogue and Understanding This involves actively listening to different opinions and trying to find common ground to solve problems peacefully.

Community Engagement Having groups and clubs for different issues is important for building strong communities where people can get together to share their concerns and work together for positive change.

Example: Environment Watch organization, Village Council

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club,

Catholic

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Fair Conflict Resolution When conflicts arise, we can seek fair and non-violent solutions through communication and by standing up against unfair treatment. We can also look for an unbiased mediator or refer to existing rules to help us out.

Example: Lawyers and Courts

A mediator is a peacemaker who helps people who are arguing or fighting to talk and find a solution that everyone agrees with. They don't pick sides; they just help everyone get along.

Global Cooperation Collaborating with other countries and groups through diplomacy allows us to address global challenges like climate change and diseases more effectively.

Peaceful Advocacy Expressing our desire for change through marches, petitions, or social media is a good way to fight for change without hurting others.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

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PEACE BE WITH YOU

The use of violence against people to achieve a goal is never right.

These alternatives emphasize key ways to make positive changes in the world through peaceful actions, cooperation, and understanding

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DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 3: TURNING TO TERROR

A Peaceful World Activity Time

10 mins

Rules Match the situation with what you think are good ways to solve/prevent it.

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DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PART 3: TURNING TO TERROR

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A Peaceful World SITUATION ONE People in a city want to raise awareness about pollution.

SITUATION TWO A local park is often vandalized and littered, making it unsafe and unclean.

SITUATION THREE Countries around the world face challenges due to climate change, like rising sea levels and extreme weather.

SITUATION FOUR Neighbours are fighting over who has ownership of the large apple tree in between their houses.

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SOLUTION ONE Peaceful Advocacy: They can organize peaceful protests, create petitions, or use social media to advocate for cleaner air and water.

SOLUTION TWO Community Engagement: Residents can form a group to clean up the park, raise awareness, and work together for its improvement.

SOLUTION THREE Global Cooperation: Nations should work together to address climate change by sharing resources, research, and strategies.

SOLUTION FOUR Fair Conflict Resolution: The neighbours should engage in dialogue, perhaps with a mediator, to reach a fair solution.

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RECAP

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Here’s a recap of what we learned today: Terrorism involves using violence or threats for political, religious, ideological, or no apparent reason.

These are the motivations of terrorists for committing violent acts: a. Political terrorism aims to change governments or policies. b. Religious terrorism is driven by strict religious beliefs. c. Environmental terrorism promotes the protection of the environment.

Sometimes, terrorist acts occur seemingly without any reason.

Terrorism tactics include bombings, shootings, assassinations, hijackings, and more.

Terrorists may use suicide attacks, chemical or biological weapons, or even vehicles as weapons.

Impacts of Terrorism a. Terrorism leads to the loss of innocent lives. b. Survivors often suffer physical injuries and psychological trauma. c. Economic costs, social divisions, and increased security measures result. d. Terrorism can cause displacement of people and has global repercussions.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

RECAP

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The 9/11 attacks in the United States serve as a significant case study in modern terrorism.

Staying calm, following instructions, evacuating if necessary, and staying informed are keys during an incident related to terrorism. Reporting suspicious activities is crucial.

Terrorist Groups a. Al-Qaeda b. ISIS c. ETA d. Abbu- Sayaf e. IRA To keep the peace, we should make sure to have dialogue, community engagement, promoting knowledge, fair conflict resolution, global cooperation, and peaceful advocacy.

The Rule Method is as follows: R - Right?

This means talking about something you believe in or something that's fair.

U - Using an Example It's like explaining something using a story or example that makes it easier to understand.

L - ike It shows why two things are similar or why they happen the same way.

E - Explain Why It's Important It's about telling why the idea you believe in is important for everyone to follow.

DEBATE & PUBLIC SPEAKING

PUBLIC SPEAKING & DEBATE | JUNIOR CLASS LEVEL 1

THANK YOU SEE YOU AGAIN NEXT WEEK

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