Table 1 Sampled Regions and Participants Sampled in Each Region.
Regions (former Provinces)
Academy Managers
Teachers
Parents with children at BIA
BIA Pupils
Key Informant
Non BIA
Parents
Coast
Total Participants
Total percentage
Pupils
1
3
11
6
3
31
7
62
16.0
1
3
20
12
3
16
1
56
14.4
Central
2
4
21
13
2
27
2
72
18.6
Nyanza
2
4
40
18
6
20
2
92
23.7
Nairobi
2
7
36
16
4
33
8
106
27.3
Totals
8
21
128
65
19
127
20
388
100.0
Rift Valley
Source: Research, 2016
The provinces are referred to in order to keep the specific schools and communities anonymous. A range of sampling methods were used to select research participants. Firstly, academy managers and key informants from the ministry of education; county education office, regional Teachers Service Commission (TSC) offices and Quality Standards and Assurance (QSA) offices were purposively sampled. Secondly, snowball sampling -a sampling technique in which one subject gives the researcher the name of another subject, who in turn provides the name of a third, and so on Everitt & Skrondal, 2010; Vogt, 1999)– was used to identify BIA pupils and parents and teachers willing to take part in the research, with the initial subjects being found through the field researchers’ local networks or by going door to door. This approach was employed due to: the sensitivity of the study; the need to avoid external pressures; the fact that literature was limited; and the privacy maintained in the schools’ operations. In case of denial from a potential participant, a
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