Future Experiences

Future Experiences Project Process Journal

Eddie Allbutt Glasgow School of Art 2018/19

“Personalised health is an approach to healthcare that puts the citizen at the centre of a discussion about their own care and well-being. This is possible due to the development of tailor-made diagnostic, treatment and prevention strategies, so that patients receive therapies that are specifically designed for them. Only through the collaboration between clinical scientists, medical practitioners, pharmaceutical companies and designers, capable of giving form to the future, can the potential of this technological breakthrough deliver the promise of better lives for all our fellow citizens. �

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Future Experience

Contents Part One 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 20 22 24 32 36 37

Introduction Project Launch Research Visit Group Research Future Forecasting Recognising Stakeholders Further Speculating Physicalising Research Design & Build Exhibition Design Final Outcome Conclusion Final Reflections

Glasgow School of Art

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Introduction One of the most significant societal shifts currently taking place within the field of Precision Medicine is the transformation around what it means to be a patient and a professional working within this context.

The public’s role is developing beyond oncepassive patients into stakeholders valued within the medical industry and healthcare sector for their participation in clinical trials, and contribution towards policy-making and decision-making committees. This new dynamic is changing the traditional patient-doctor relationship and challenging the hegemony of medical practice at an institutional level. The impetus for this shift is relentless technological acceleration and increased scientific research, in particular driven by advances in PM. Contemporary product design is not only an industrial or production-focused occupation; rather, it is becoming an epistemological practice, which explores the future, generates new knowledge and formulates hypotheses about how people may live or work in the years to come.

Whether a designed product is an artefact, service or experience, knowing ‘how’ to understand what drives people, ‘what’ their needs are and ‘why’ remains fundamental to the role of a designer.

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Future Experience

This fourth-year project presents the opportunity to apply my design education to a field previously disassociated with design practice; healthcare.

By catalysing the collaboration of a class of Art School students with a diverse team of healthcare professionals, GSA is hypothesising on the role that design practice might have on future healthcare.

From my perspective, this project allows me to build experience in applying design practice and thinking to subjects dominated by science; those of cancer, precision medicine and end-of-life-treatment.

This project process journal acts as a chronological documentation of the design process; reflecting on a project that blended theoretical research and strategic insight with an end-point of some practical application.

Glasgow School of Art

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Project Launch

“Your objective is to investigate, in both analytical and speculative ways, future forms and functions of cancer treatment and care in relation to PM, to develop a future scenario and design the artefact, service and the experience(s) associated with it.�

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Future Experience

Designer

Genomic Researcher & Geneticist

Oncologist

Kirsty Ross

Nicol Keith

Rob Jones

The project launch, at CitizenM hotel in Glasgow city centre was a brief introduction to this experimental project. Under the guidance of Kirsty Ross, Course Leader, Nicol Keith, Genomic Researcher and Rob Jones, Oncologist, the diverse and interdisciplinary subject matter was presented.

Cancer Care is a subject that we as designers rarely find ourselves encountering. The insight of Nicol and Rob was an initial push to understand the workings of the medical field, to empathise with workers we had never before encountered and for scientific environments we hadn’t expected ourselves to be in.

The project presentation, led by Kirsty and Nicol while complimented by Rob, introduced the necessity and value of interdisciplinary collaboration within the medical field. The experience of this project will provide the opportunity to meet the precise, prescribed world of medicine with the human-centred, emotional application of design thinking.

precise speciďŹ c

broad ethereal

Precision Medicine

Design Opportunities

Glasgow School of Art

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Research Visit Clinical Innovation Hub- University of Glasgow

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Future Experience

As a class, we visited the Clinical Innovation Hub at the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital.

This was an attempt to familiarise ourselves with the companies and research bodies currently working with precision medicine.

The Hub at the is an interdisciplinary research/innovation base that capitalises on an access link to the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital and the plethora of medical data that it holds.

A valuable reflection from the experience was in recognising the hub as for its role both as a centre for collaboration and as base for the cross-pollination of ideas. It provides the space for politicians, clinicians, designers and investors to base themselves and innovate, with the benefit of the attatched medical environment.

We had conversations with the doctors, researchers, data engineers and many other workers based in the hub; going over their expectations of innovation in the medical field; educating ourselves as much as possible in the matter.

Designers

Politicians Clinicians

Nurses Researchers Geneticists

Oncologists Investors

Glasgow School of Art

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Group Research Collectively researching through a certain ‘lens’

Social Technological Economic Ecological Ethical Political Legal Educational

The class was encouraged to research cancer care technology and precision medicine collectively, with each group of four people focusing on one particular ‘lens’.

My group was tasked with researching future cancer care and medical technology through the lens of ‘Education’.

Our firsts steps of research were formulated through the creation of ‘Steeple’ cards. The ‘Steeple’ Card methodology allows insights and their relevant links to be collected in succinct cards and then used throughout discussions as stimulus to design propositions.

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Future Experience

Indicators 1. Waldorf schools champion an alternative methodology

Creation of Research Cards 2. Montessori nurseries encourage primary education via outdoor play

Links

https://montessori-nw.org/what-is-montessori-education/ https://www.edinburghsteinerschool.org.uk/

Alternative Education Educators use alternative methodology to mainstream

Present

E

Insight Technological Prowess in Artifical Intelligence allow

Insight

machines to learn and develop independently. This permits independent research on the computer’s behalf, solving complex problems at no expense to a human-being

The proliferation of health-tech start ups contribute health kits to be used in the domestic home. These pick up user information over any given period and provide insight (unprofessional)

Indicators

Insight

1. Imaging Center of Excellence (Glasgow) employs AI methods 2. AI explored as useful in classrooms.

Indicators

Institutions allow a dynamic with two-way communication, the teacher can learn from the student as much as the

1. Apple Health Kit, Nike+, Fitbit are now gaining an in-

student can learn from the teacher. Learning is championed

sight into our health.

2. Partner Applications link physical world with digital data

by guided experiences rather than prescribed materials

Links https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/07/25/how-is-ai-usedin-education-real-world-examples-of-today-and-a-peek-into-the-future/ https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/industries/healthcare/publications/ai-robotics-new-health/transforming-healthcare.html Indicators

1. Waldorf schools champion an alternative methodology Artificial Intelligence

2. Montessori nurseries encourage primary education via Near

Machines building understanding of human data outdoor play

Links https://montessori-nw.org/what-is-montessori-education/ https://www.edinburghsteinerschool.org.uk/

Links

Insight

https://developer.apple.com/healthkit/ http://digitalhealthblog.upthereeverywhere.com/

The proliferation of health-tech start ups contribute health

E

kits to be used in the domestic home. These pick up user information over any given period and provide insight (unprofessional)

AI enabled kits with embedded sensors

1. Apple Health Kit, Nike+, Fitbit are now gaining an in2. Partner Applications link physical world with digital data

Present

Educators use alternative methodology to mainstream Links

Insight Technological Prowess in Artifical Intelligence allow

E

https://developer.apple.com/healthkit/ http://digitalhealthblog.upthereeverywhere.com/

AI enabled kits with embedded sensors

There is “potential to transform the public’s dependency and demands of the healthcare system moving fowards”

Indicators

Present

E

https://digital.nhs.uk/services/nhs-app Fooducate, Glooko, Glucosio (apps)

advisors/services leads to seemingly well informed patients, responsible for their own diseases, choosing between a number of options for managing their illness.

2. AI explored as useful in classrooms.

and demands of the healthcare system moving fowards”

https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/07/25/how-is-ai-usedin-education-real-world-examples-of-today-and-a-peek-into-the-future/ https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/industries/healthcare/publications/ai-robotics-new-health/transforming-healthcare.html

between a number of options for managing their illness.

Introduction of technology-based healthcare providers/

There is “potential to transform the public’s dependency

KEY INSIGHTS

patients, responsible for their own diseases, choosing

Links

methods

Links

advisors/services leads to seemingly well informed

management of pre-existing conditions. etc diabetes

Insight

1. Imaging Center of Excellence (Glasgow) employs AI

Introduction of technology-based healthcare providers/

2. Companies launch applications catering for scheduling/

Health Kits

independent research on the computer’s behalf, solving

Indicators

E

1. NHS launches 24/7 digital advice application

machines to learn and develop independently. This permits complex problems at no expense to a human-being

Present

Insight

Indicators

sight into our health.

Alternative Education

Health Kits

Condition Self-Management Mediums Patients benefit from instant access to care/information

Present

E

Indicators 1. NHS launches 24/7 digital advice application 2. Companies launch applications catering for scheduling/ management of pre-existing conditions. etc diabetes

Difference between information and Artificial Intelligence E knowledge: Doctors have concern about The cards we created numbered over giving patients information they don’t knowSelf-Management thirty, between Condition Mediums the efforts of four group E how to handle members; exploring themes such as: Patient Management Mediums, Wearable Digital Platforms: The best cure for handling Technology, Alternative Education Models. illnesses often doesn’t included more time We then presented these cards to the class, with a phone and in turn furthered our education in Precision Medicine through their alternative Genomic Family Tree: What are the physical insights. effects of genomic medicine in the long term, and for future generations?

This process naturally demarcated thematic similarities and we found there to be Collaboration: How, as designers, do we feel recurring insights that would likely be we can contribute to the practice of medical revisited later in the project. masters students?

We also learnt that the theme ‘education’ as Workforce: How will precision medicine alter an umbrella term can be applied to a wide the required experience/education of the range of contexts and interpreted in various general workforce? eg Pathological Analysts ways: literally, metaphorically, purely visually requiring coding knowledge etc.

Links

https://digital.nhs.uk/services/nhs-app Machines building understanding of human data

Near

Fooducate, Glooko, Glucosio (apps)

Patients benefit from instant access to care/information

Glasgow School of Art

Present

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Future Forecasting with Studio AndThen

Under the leadership of Santini Basra, from Studio AndThen, we participated in a future forecasting workshop, aimed at extracting possible future scenarios from a central theme of research: Precision Medicine.

The exercise worked by initially recognising stakeholders; these provoking first-round effects from the central stimulus: Precision Medicine.

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Future Experience

3rd round effect

2nd round effect

1st round effect

Stimulus

In developmental stages of thinking, we moved through evolved stages of speculation on how these people, interactions and products might function in the future, as shown in the following pages of this journal.

This was incredibly valuable in exploring abstract futures and allowed the rapid discovery of more unpredictable applications for precision medicine than currently understood.

Glasgow School of Art

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Recognising Stakeholders Hypothesising User Journeys

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Future Experience

This first round of work involved the creation of stakeholders from our existing ‘Steeple’ card research, observed through the lens of Education.

We quickly developed stakeholders into a user-journey map to understand their possible experiences in a process of a cancer journey.

The emphasis on rapid iteration allowed quick development of thinking.

We were able to collect all stakeholders applicable to our lens and assess their relevance to the theme of ‘Education’.

Glasgow School of Art

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Further Speculating

Second & Third Round Effects

In the second round of effects, we created a number of future scenarios under the consequences of the application of precision medicine.

With each progressing round, we looked further into the future of precision medicine and abstracted the possibilities of its application.

In the third round, these were developed again in to the consequences of the second round effects.

This was an effective exercise for developing thinking, although the most abstracted and impractical scenarios would not necessarily be considered as applicable for this project.

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Future Experience

Glasgow School of Art

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Four Future Scenarios We chose four of these future scenarios collected from the previous stages, that we were interested in, and expanded them in to four posters.

These were then presented to the rest of the class and discussed in a democratic setting.

This was the first stage in expanding on what had been before a collection of data and written research.

The presentation of these pieces of work was another step in realising ideas and sharing insight with the group.

In the same vein, we created future news stories that communicated the unexpected events occurring from our Future Precision Medicine Scenarios.

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Future Experience

News Stories in the future world

Glasgow School of Art

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Physicalising Research

At this stage, we took part in a prototyping workshop, with Brian Proudfoot, of GOOOD design. Brian’s workshop included physicalising the intended design experience in an effort to articulate visually and sensorially the feelings of the healthcare experience.

The moodboard structure encourages the recognition of various elements of the future of design.

This exercise was invaluable in beginning to understand the sensorial aspects of the design.

This stage moved on our groups thinking from 2 to 3-dimensional.

With the early choice of pink, pastel colours we began to build the idea of a service with a soft, comforting and caring tone.

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Future Experience

External Consultation This day allowed consultation with practitioners to discuss the design directions and any medical areas of uncertainty.

This was helpful in understanding the practicalities and limitations of design opportunities at this stage.

The experts were able to advise from a medical perspective on early identified design opportunities.

I spent a few days on a personal project, experiencing the perspective of a patient first-hand; ill with mumps and forbidden from the studio.

It was an interesting time to suddenly become a involuntary participant in the medical system; while undertaking a project analysing it.

The design research was left in the capable hands of my group members, Monika, Clarisse and Sophia, who ensured the research continued to be undertaken.

Glasgow School of Art

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Design&Build

Synthesising Research into Presentable Deliverables

The project deliverable at this stage was an exhibition that communicated our research findings up until this point.

We worked in the framework of: Educating____ on ______ because_______.

This allowed us to collect and present our research in set scenarios.

We sourced this information fromm the research we had demarcatdc into loose themes earlier in the process, these being: Genomic Identification, Knowing your Genetic Roots, Educating about Private Data, New Job and Education Opportunities, and An Approach to Mental Health Provision & End of Life Care Page 22

Future Experience

We took the research map that we had illustrated; that which laid out the identified research themes and their relationships with each other, and began to distill them into a communicative exhibit that would summarise this complex process.

The physical parameters were 1 metre by 1 metre.

1m x 1m Glasgow School of Art

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Exhibition Design

Through an extensive and taxing process of deliberation and experimentation, we managed to distill a portion of our research into an illustrative map, that demonstrates our themes and their relationships to one another.

This solar system strategy represents a designed methodology for collecting and presenting our research.

Themes: Understanding my condition Learning about my experience Learning to live with cancer Learning to talk about cancer

We categorised our research into four themes, centred around the theme of education.

Four approaches to education in the Future Cancer Care setting, each represented by an accompanying artefact within our exhibition.

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Future Experience

Glasgow School of Art

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The Future Scenario

A situation in which the exhibition will exist

The future of Precision Medicine will not only explore the medical side of cancer diagnosis and treatment, but will also consider the patient’s life outside of these clinical environments.

By implementing a more holistic practice, patients will have the opportunity to better educate themselves, with tools and artefacts provided by unified future health services.

The empowerment of patients and their loved ones will encourage them to explore the topic of cancer.

Sally has recently been diagnosed with breast cancer. This news is shocking and overwhelming. For Sally and many other cancer patients, the future at this stage feels uncertain. It’s important for Sally to feel reassured before speaking to her loved ones about her condition.

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Depending on your age, class or background certain places tend to suit you better. We don’t want division, instead championing a more human centred approach: learning from experience; empowering patients to reflect on themselves so they can go on to educate people around them.

Future Experience

Source: It’sNiceThat.com

The Future Exhibition

This desktop exhibition that we built is a collection of objects representative of the future cancer care experience, ranging from contemporary objects to experiences further into the future.

Material Now

Immaterial Future

Glasgow School of Art

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healthy eating A healthy, balanced diet is key to an eective recovery and a sustainable lifestyle

In addition to the solar system poster

This poster represents current similar posters in doctors’ waiting rooms and practices.

Generalised, unstimulating and one-dimensional, we wanted to represent the ineffectiveness of a poster such as this.

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Future Experience

Aa Bb Cc

anxiety breast cancer

This poster inserts relevant subjects into the context of a child’s educational poster.

Anxiety, cancer, breasts; topics largely not discussed in the health realm.

We believed that an early and honest discussion for developing minds would make for better future experiences.

Glasgow School of Art

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Exhibition Objects

The cards are an emotional tool for discussing emotions and experiences from the cancer treatment. It could allow patients to communicate their feelings more fluidly with loved ones and professionals.

Losing a breast or changes to a breast through surgery and radiotherapy can have a big impact on a person’s sexual satisfaction.

They may experience areas of numbness and sensitivity, or loss of sensitivity. In the future, we envision a human centred approach to educating the patient about their needs and sexuality.

This information sheet represents the failure of current cancer information provision. The list of sources, while useful in collection of valid information, is ineffective in connecting with patients emotionally and providing a high quality of cancer care service.

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Future Experience

The genomic identification card represents cancer empowerment. Through precision medicine, the patient can identify the exact mutation in their body. Physicalising the nonmaterial illness makes it no longer an alien source.

This diary, be it electronic or physical, is a tool to enable patients to record and reflect on their experiences over a 5 year period.

The diary can be used to pass on to future patients who may experience similar journeys based on their genomic match.

Glasgow School of Art

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Final Outcome We presented our developed, final exhibition design in a public setting: the Reid Gallery on the ground floor of the Glasgow School of Art. The exhibiton was refined into a central, circular table, with one singular object representing each of our medical themes.

The objects were laser cut in a striking blue acrylic in contrast with the white platforms that supported them. The stands were designed to suggest gesture; each object sitting at a different height, in a different position; both in motion and framed within the scene.

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Future Experience

Glasgow School of Art

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Future Experience

Glasgow School of Art

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Conclusion

Precision medicine allows treatment to be chosen precisely for the individual. However, with every cancer diagnosis, the process gets overwhelming by the information and sources provided by different institutions.

Access to information online could cause the patient to become overwhelmed with sometimes irrelevant, repetitive or contradictory information about their treatment. Furthermore, the tone of voice from these institutions vary, causing further confusion.

Embracing a holistic view is key to the future of Precision Medicine. We envision effective Precision Medicine that looks beyond genomic technology and demands a more holistic approach to the patients.

Interventions are tailored according not only to individual’s genes and family history but also emotions, needs, spirituality, personality and culture.

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Future Experience

Final Reflection

This project was, without a doubt, the most challenging and taxing I’ve undertaken during my education at The Glasgow School of Art. The initial stages of planned research were rigorous, and the distillation of information rapid. The development of physcial concepts and building their representations was a challenging process; amplified by the additional pressure of writing my BDes Dissertation and trying to negotatiate studio/workshop access over the course of the Winter Break.

The education I’ve received and the familiarity I’ve gained with designing for Future Cancer Care, and Healthcare in general, I’m very grateful for, but the process of this project was immensely challenging due to the above factors.

With the enormous effort my group undertook, the outcome was worthwhile, and I was very happy with the exhibtion and its accompanying presentation as a representation of our project efforts.

Following this first part of the project, I was looking forward to returning to my individual style of work, as I identified my area of interest and developed an individual response to the opportunity of designing with precision medicine in the future cancer landscape.

Glasgow School of Art

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Part Two Introduction Healthcare Tribes Chosen Users Accompanying Theory Practitioner Contributions Refining Persona Design Philosophy Concept Designing for Interactions Design Aesthetic Design Alterations Further Applications Conclusion Final Reflection

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Future Experience

38 40 42 44 46 48 52 54 62 64 66 68 70 71

Introduction

“The individual part of the project asks you to select an aspect of the future world you have created, and develop it in order to design imaginative artefacts, services and experiences for the people who live and work within it.

To begin with, you should generate concepts to explore who you are designing for within different scenarios and establish the specific context in which you are designing. These concepts will form the basis of a specialist workshop, during which you will produce a clear definition of who it is you are designing for – future users – with consideration for how Precision Medicine could be used to enable the dynamics of people, process and practice.”

Glasgow School of Art

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Healthcare Tribes

As an introduction to the individual phase of this project, a second workshop from Studio AndThen encouraged the refinement of stakeholders, identified previously as being significant to our chosen context of Education in cancer care, into individualised groups, or ‘tribes’.

We were able to use these tribes to hypothesise, through discussion, on the scenarios at which they would interact.

The act of creating these tribes was an exercise that advanced my thinking, bringing the processes of discussion and research back into more practical scenarios.

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Future Experience

Uninformed Family & Friends

Complete novices in the realm of cancer care, they are in need of information and advice in terms of caring and accommodating for a cancer patient

While they have the best intentions, this tribe can be clumsy with their interactions. They are learning constantly and want to do be the best for their friend/ family

Recently Diagnosed Youth

They are the young people who have recently been diagnosed with a chronic disease and are preparing to deal with it.

New Parents

While outwardly relaxed, they silently worry about how the condition will impact their development. They need to be prompted in discussion regarding their feelings/ emotions. Confident in thinking pragmatically; weaker in listening to their own advice and expressing themselves.

To manage the prospect of cancer through their inexperienced lens and cater for a possible baby of theirs entering the world

A young family, distressed with the prospect of cancer and how it will affect their young family.

Glasgow School of Art

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Chosen Users

My interest from the workshop was sparked by two tribes in particular, the “Recently Diagnosed Youth” and “Uninformed Family and Friends”.

My thinking was that, as a young person myself, I had already had friends close to me affected by cancer, and felt it was a stakeholder I could really empathise with.

The uninformed family and friends I felt had a lot of opportunities for design intervention.

They are a group who have so much love for the patient and attention to the situation, but my previous research from discussion with healthcare professionals had informed me that their attention was often misplaced, and they could be an ineffective addition to the process.

An added insight to this situation was in the ubiquity of the bedroom as a place of rest for the patient. As a site where the recovering patient will spend an overwhelming majority of their time, it seems fitting that it might provide design opportunities and should be acknowledged.

This quick workshop process of constructing a scenario and communicating this in a low fidelity video unearthed a number of themes that run through the relationship of the patient, the carer and the home environment.

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Future Experience

Themes

Convalescent domesticity- health monitoring in the future home

Carer dialogue

Relationship to outside world

Food & Nutrition Provision Glasgow School of Art

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Accompanying Theory

It’s important to acknowledge, at this stage, the link between the project at this point and the research it is founded upon.

My personal project direction is concerned with the understood realms of “Learning to Live with Cancer” and “Understanding my Condition”. Each of these themes have the patient at the centre of the experience, and my intention at this point was to continue to develop from the identified thematic Healthcare opportunities with the user at the centre of the intervention.

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Future Experience

Of the artefacts we created in the first stage of this project; these are the ones that stand out in relevance for me.

This Diary in this case represents patient selfreflection.

The Genomic Identification card represents cancer empowerment; physicalising the nonmaterial illness makes it no longer an alien source.

The Holistic Information Form allows personalised care from the healthcare provider for the cancer treatment in line with an understanding of the patients’ preferences.

Each of these objects, and their characteristics, were emblematic of the considerations I wanted to take forward into my design.

Glasgow School of Art

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Practitioner Contributions Consultation with visiting consultants, Liz and Elspeth, sparked an interest in extreme/ isolated patients.

The collective understanding was that mainstream design envelops the vast majority but forgets those on the periphery. Those who don’t know how to ask for help, who don’t have an immediate support system or aren’t capable of giving themselves the best chances.

Attention/Care

Their insight was that there would be more value in focusing on those out-with the mainstream design scope, as they would be the ones who benefit from design the intervention the most.

People

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Future Experience

precise speciďŹ c

broad ethereal

Precision Medicine

Design Opportunities

In addition, Liz stressed the importance of a practical solution; of ideas working in a very strict reality.

This reinforced the existing philosophy for the aim of this project; finding the intersection between the precise, specific realm of precision medicine and the broader, ethereal world of design work.

Glasgow School of Art

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Refining Persona

Through the process of refinement I further created a number extreme users; those on the fringes of the cancer care system who may not have their needs suitably catered for currently. Each at opposite ends of the spectrum and with different accessibility needs.

I tried to consider their circumstances being both unusual but applicable to others, and was able to begin hypothesising on what their cancer treatment might be like.

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Future Experience

Scenario concept Early morning self-care Student name: Scenario name: Visualise your idea here as if telling a story . . .

Eddie Allbu

Who is involved?

Linda, 65, a widow from South Uist.

Her son lives on the mainland, in Inverness.

She’s from a small community where people live distances apart. Connected digitally but not physically What are they doing?

Linda is getting up in the morning, making herself a cup of tea and a decent breakfast. She eats well, and then make her way to the doctor’s for a consultation.

Personalized medicine is integrated into her morning routine and accounts for a part of her recovery process Why are they doing it?

Linda needs to start the day right. She is not good at self-care and tends to put others needs before hers.

She needs to eat well, stay warm, rest, and keep up good interaction with friends and family to aid her recovery. She is motivated by keeping up a good example for her concerned family When will it occur?

Every morning, 7-9am. 2028; the near future. Remote communities can be connected digitally but not physically. The future cancer care landscape caters for patients in similarily universal fashion with integrated home technology

healthcare provider

Where will it be located?

Within her home. Bedside. An ephemeral presence in the sleeping setting of Linda’s life. There might be accompanying material but the service itself is likely to be immaterial/surreptitous.

What is the key moment within it?

The first thing when Linda wakes up. Providing comfort and satisfaction. An intermediary.

Also important: The repetition of the key moment.

The regularity of the contact.

Of the six persona I created, at this stage carers I decided to work with Linda, a 65 year old widow from South Uist, in the Outer Hebrides.

She would be a character who is living by herself, in a geographically isolated community, but who has a strong support system surrounding her.

I created a scenario to design for, part of Linda’s day of cancer recovery and treatment at home that might be provide opportunity to intervene.

Glasgow School of Art

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Linda’s moments in the morning

I initially worked with an extended user journey of Linda’s movements to get up in the morning, but decided to focus this in on the first two steps and look at them in more detail.

This process was, again, communicated by video in the same style as the previous, and was constructed from a selection of colour and textures that began to set the scene for the visual language of the design.

The identification of these most key aspects of Linda’s days provided insights of what her priorities were, what she needed to do to start the day off right and continue a good recovery process.

(she’s a traditionalist)

Quiet Environment, she lives alone

Devices wake up, heating spikes

Archetypal alarm clock set on bedside cabinet

ACT

Linda lies in bed asleep

House prepares for wakeup

Alarm goes off

FUTURE TECHNOLOGY

Sound of ocean, peaceful, set sounds

Artificial intelligence connected to home devices, knows her preferences

Sleep tracker recognises best time for her to wake up

DESCRIPTION

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Future Experience

The Extreme Needs of Linda

1.

Getting in contact with her doctor

Physically receiving her Prescription

2.

These are the three absolute needs of Linda, to ensure a positive recovery process and continued optimism.

3.

Somebody accounting for her continued wellbeing

My design thinking, in progression from these insights, bears in mind these three needs.

Volume increasing exponentially on slow scale

Linda wakes

Sound of birds, ocean

She looks to the ceiling, interface

She lies in bed, awake

Messages displayed on ceiling

Considers sleep, thinks about day ahead

Moving, day has begun

Sits up, feet on oor

Out of bed

Sensoral carpet grows to her touch

Home registers she is out of bed

Glasgow School of Art

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Design Philosophy

It became clear over the course of this research project that the NHS sits at the middle of a vast array of medical practitioners of varying output; the NHS is the centre-point and the main control body.

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In the same way, the notion of home care involves a number of stakeholders; the healthcare provider itself, the patient, their family/friends and any number of carers.

Future Experience

In the future, I can see a more fluid intersection of healthcare and homecare.

The NHS as the central provider may see itself integrated more intimately into the lives of its patients in order to provide a higher standard of care.

Glasgow School of Art

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Concept

NHS HomeCare is a future service framework, provided by the Scottish Health System, specifically designed to cater for vulnerable patients in unusual, spread-out locations.

The service is founded on the idea that in the future landscape, healthcare will be more significantly integrated into our home lives.

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Future Experience

NHS HomeCare Patient User Journey

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Following surgery, patient sent home, Referred to NHS HomeCare Infrastructure

Individualised Treatment Plan Designed

Package physically provided to patient

Patient home, devices set up

Treatment monitored, developed

Constant sampling, data fed in to medical research

The Service would be integrated into the patients treatment process following a significant event like chemotherapy or radiotherapy, when at home recovering alone.

The next stage is the design of an individualised treatment plan. Holistic medicine is an important focus for the future.

The patient will be provided with the collection of artefacts in much the same way as a baby box, at which point patient set-up will be aided by HomeCare representatives.

The medical treatment plan can then be monitored collaboratively constantly.

The home sampling arm of this service permits the constant circulation of genomic data; understanding how the body reacts to treatment and applying it to a variety of trials, remotely.

Glasgow School of Art

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The delivered box would be filled with a genetic sampling kit; an interface for interacting with medical practitioners, and a vital-sign monitoring device.

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Future Experience

Glasgow School of Art

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The genetic sampling kit is a pre-existing technology that allows the analysis of genomic data within the home. Currently, the sample might be taken in the house and sent of to the laboratory for interoperation.

In the future, I’m imagining that not only can the sample be taken in the home, but read in the home, using technology as simple as a smartphone. The immaterial then being sent over to the HomeCare research lab for further digestion.

Collect urine.

1. Use our Urine Collector.

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Scan the lid

2. Scan the lid using the app.

Follow the in-app instructions to scan the test strip.

Future Experience

Analyze

3 Track your results with the app!

We'll take care of the rest!

As you can see here, it’s possible to translate complex medical data into digestible, user-friendly graphics. In the context of NHS HomeCare, the patient is able to see, on some level, the changes their body is undergoing, and use this as a reference point in consultations with their nurses to understand their condition.

Glasgow School of Art

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Remember this photo You took last Saturday at Clachan Sands

I would imagine the HomeCare interface would advise on eating and drinking habits, as well as suggesting additions when compiling the shopping list. The Interface acts as a medium for intelligence to be gathered on the patients habits and advice to be given on areas for change.

NHS HomeCare is able to build up a picture of the patients routine, understanding their schedule and knowing when to suggest positive actions.

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Future Experience

It’s also important to include pages on how the patients genomic data has been used. What treatment it has impacted and how it might be applied in the future, communicated in a brief news update.

In the same vein, it might be that genomic information has helped the patient themselves, and so it should be explained its application to their own treatment.

This continuity in communication should be transferred across to the sampling; with a description accompanying the material with medical precision to every log; explaining what was learnt from each piece.

Interface idea wireframes How my data has helped others Treatment...

Future...

SAMPLE: 17/4/2028

Context

What We Learnt

Glasgow School of Art

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Designing for Interactions I wanted to experiment with applying the structure of the HomeCare system by revisiting the extreme users I had created earlier in the project. One of the most valuable element of this service its personalisation, so I wireframed the interface with separate features depending on the needs of the individual users The treatment designed for 65 year old Linda from South Uist isn’t going to suit 5 year old Alice from bearsden. With a core functionality of a few features most important to the patient, the exact nature of this differs. For Alice, her treatment is more emotional and basic, while Linda’s involves greater intelligence and consideration.

The use of medical services and the application of genomic data is adapted to the needs of each new patient A young man like Kyle has services that cater to his dealing with High School Education while the uses of John’s application are more centred around ownership and dignity.

Picture Exercise

Hi Alice!

Hope you’re ready for an action packed day

Chat to Nurse Kate See Mum and Dad

Alice 5 from Bearsden Brain Tumor

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Future Experience

Dr. Nick Check-in

Morning John

Let’s see what the day is bringing

David Johnson Scheduled Call Future Planning

John 57 from Edinburgh Proud Grandfather Prostate Cancer

Exam Liason

Hey Kyle

Here’s the outlook for today!

Nurse Matthews Call Visualisation

Kyle 16 from Ballater Testicular Cancer Glasgow School of Art

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Design Aesthetic

homecare

The aesthetic for NHS Homecare is derived from the blue of traditional NHS branding, diluted to differentiate itself as a slightly different service. Organic shapes align to images of organic cells and natural land formations. The structure of the home forms the vital structure for the icon. The typeface is arial; the secondary choice of NHS itself, and this will form the go-to for all communication.

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& Development

A modest expansion to allow greater breadth in colour palette and depth in variation of organic shapes.

The implementation of various shades of the three main colour groups, brown, blue and green, allow for more options in terms of branding.

homecare

Glasgow School of Art

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Design Alterations Blood Testing

A Home diagnostic blood testing kit will look for the existence of cancerous cells in the blood. This post-chemotherapy treatment course will monitor the process of the body’s declining cancer.

This information will then be fed back to the specialist HomeCare consultants in assessing the patient’s recovery.

This will be assessed by measure of Complete Blood Count (CBC) and is the most accessible and common method of testing.

The value of this is in finding cancer cells in the blood, this service is not looking for constant genomic data but constantly searching for existence of cancer cells.

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Source: Wired Magazine https://www.wired.co.uk/article/smartphone-blood-test “Perform Blood Tests with your Smartphone Screen”

Measuring Project Success This project would be a success if...

Future

Now Consultations

61% of patients said they saw their GP once or twice before being told they had to go to hospital.

Survival

50% of patients survive cancer for 10 or more years, 2010-11, England and Wales

• People are able to continue to live at home in comfort • Regular contact with the medical consultant via NHS Homecare is maintained • An efficient cancer recovery is made.

• The service evolves with future technologies

Inequality

Cancer survival is generally lower in deprived areas, 2006, England

Improvement

from 24% to 50%: Cancer survival in the UK has doubled in the last 40 years

“Most of the gains in survival are experienced in people living in the most isolated areas where there remains more scope for improvement.”

All Statistics: Cancer Research UK Accessed 21/12/18 https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/ cancer-statistics/survival/socio-economic-group Glasgow School of Art

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Further Applications I wanted to create a number of poster-cards; revisiting the extreme users I had created earlier in the project. These posters are useful in illustrating the use-cases of patients with their NHS Homecare provision, by communicating what might be included in their service and how it makes them feel.

Establishing these scenarios is useful for future development; in which case the next step would be to source patients who possess these characteristics: being extreme users, and who could assess the worthiness of this design.

Vector illustrations initally sourced from Dribble @scottlewis

John 57 from Edinburgh Prostate Cancer

Consultant Yellow Pages Emergency Alarm

Cancer Care Diary

“With NHS Homecare, I have control again�

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Future Experience

Nurse Kate Doll

Communication Cards

Alice 5 from Bearsden Brain Tumor

Mummy and Daddy Monitor

“I was scared of the doctors until I had NHS Homecare”

Kyle 16 from Ballater Testicular Cancer

Positive Visualisation Games Exam Revision Prompts

School Medication Box

“NHS Homecare lets me keep going in to school, feeling normal” Glasgow School of Art

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Conclusion

NHS Homecare is a natural suggestion for the NHS to restrucure it’s organisation. In future healthcare, it’s very likely that vastly improved communication systems will allow for more intimate medical consultations.

There are slow, incremental moves towards these practices being made today, therefore some manifestation of NHS Homecare is almost guaranteed.

With that in mind, to develop this project I would see it taking one of two paths.

On the one hand, it might be that the focus on this concept would progress through an analysis of the organisational structure of the NHS; proposing a Strategic Design intervention that suggests how their efforts might be replaced in the future; and reports, to the Managing Board, an outlook for the future of Public Healthcare.

On the other hand, the project might be developed by really focusing in on the interactions that the patient is having with the service; how it develops in practicaliy with their developing needs, and the tactility of its touchpoints.

This project has been conflicted by a variety of possible outcomes, and reflects my varied interest in the application of design; across the spectrum from strategic to user-centred.

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Final Reflections

The individual section of this project was an enjoyable, liberating process. A solid foundation of established research left me well positioned to develop my design proposition in any way I saw fit.

I think I played it quite safe in creating NHS Homecare and wished I had attempted to grapple with something a little more uncommon and usual.

The direction the second half of this project took was likely a reaction to the experience of working through the first half.

The themes and emerging technologies that we discussed seemed to be likely solutions to future medical innovations, and creating a framework that would allow these innovations to exist was a natural progression.

A project such as this is always a compromise between multiple aspirational viewpoints for its direction, under the additional constraints of time. I’m happy with the output, and intend to present continued developments of the final product at the stages of assesment and degree show presentation.

Eddie

Glasgow School of Art

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