19 JUNE 2019
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New therapy centre for children
This captivating image of the iconic Old Harbour of Hermanus was taken by a visitor on a chilly winter's day last week. PHOTO: Robin Malherbe
The politics of poaching A decade of debilitating mismanagement of South Africa’s fisheries sector under former President Jacob Zuma has driven the illicit abalone industry in the Western Cape deep into the arms of Chinese transnational organised crime, seemingly for political purposes. This was established by an 18-monthlong and ongoing investigation by JOHN GROBLER.
F
rom a cottage industry 10 years ago, the abalone-for-drugs trade has grown into a multi-billion dollar component of international organised crime, with South Africa’s most notorious gangs now controlling the poaching and nine Chinese triads the international trade into Hong Kong by using an ancient trade-based financial settlement system known as “Chinese Flying Money” or fei qian (Mandarin) or fei ch’ien (Cantonese). This financial system is what ultimately identifies the abalone and drugs racket as Chinese organised
transnational crime. Both the Chinese and the local syndicate launder their money by preference via properties, bought via front companies or in the name of other relatives and sometimes very cheaply, as payments in a non-linear fashion. Neither ever get caught and appear deeply embedded in South Africa and China, with political contacts reaching into the highest echelons of power in both South Africa and China. None of this is really news, but the extent to which local and international crime has been able to integrate abalone and drugs into a
vertically-integrated business model by exploiting South Africa’s fragile race politics, is. The Numbers On the white-sanded beaches and craggy bays from Cape Agulhas to Cape Columbine, the word is that The Numbers, the prison-based gang of the 26s, 27s and 28s, are now in charge. On certain days, whatever comes out of the sea – abalone, lobster, periwinkle – belongs to them, a former poacher explains. When the “swart gety” – the black tide, in reference to the anaerobic red
tide conditions that render all shellfish poisonous – is in the bay, no-one touches abalone because it will get you killed, he warns. The various abalone-bearing areas have been divided up among The Numbers’ associates, but ultimately, all answer to the 28s as all risk spending time behind bars, sooner or later. So just call me Jason, the former poacher grins from beneath the beard and oversized cap. Like everyone else, he doesn’t want to be named when talking about the 28s, South Africa’s most feared prison
gang, that now rules the Cape beaches from within the deepest confines of the prison system. The 28s run the jail system – and over the past few years, also the Western Cape’s illicit abalone-for-drugs racket. Poaching of the slow-growing mollusc, prized in the Far East for its buttery taste, is now dominated by gangs of young black divers who descend in broad daylight and in large numbers on the craggy beaches to strip out whatever abalone they can find without the police lifting as much as a finger. Continues on P4