September 8, 2017

Third time’s the charm?

Flushing away disease

Duke football looks to limit Northwestern’s explosive plays | Sports Page 4

The Gates Foundation gives Duke $10.7 million to research sanitation solutions | Page 3

The Chronicle T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

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ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTEENTH YEAR, ISSUE 9

ACC releases First-years react to added meal swipes Duke men’s basketball schedule Selena Qian The Chronicle

Staff Reports The Chronicle We already knew the opponents Duke would face in conference play this year, but now you can set your calendars for the dates.

The ACC released the 2017-18 men’s basketball conference schedule Thursday afternoon. The Blue Devils’ slate is highlighted by matchups against North Carolina Feb. 8 in Chapel Hill and March 3 on Senior Night in Durham.

Duke has won at least one regular-season game against the Tar Heels in each of the last eight seasons.

After traveling to Chicago for the Champions Classic against Michigan State Nov. 14, Portland, Ore., for the PK80 Thanksgiving weekend, and Bloomington, Ind., to face Indiana Nov. 29, the Blue Devils will make their See M. BASKETBALL on Page 5

Free food is always nice, but the days of scouting out events for food are over.

For first-years, at least.

Starting Sept. 11, first-years can eat dinner all seven days of the week and still have brunch on the weekends.

Previously, first-years would need to skip two dinners during the week to use those saved swipes for weekend brunch at Marketplace. Many students were excited about the change, noting that they would not need to worry as much about their next meal.

“People ran out of our dorm in Pegram and just started screaming outside on the quad,” first-year Jamal Burns said. “They were like, ‘Yes!’” First-year Jabril Wilson said the change is “just amazing.” Wilson said he enjoys that he will no longer need to budget his meals throughout the week.

Burns and Wilson both said the former policy led them to search for free food, often in a group with their friends.

They even created a group message and notified each other of free food events on campus. Burns said he also had trouble keeping track of his swipes, so he would skip several days, unsure if he needed to save a swipe for later.

“I never really understood why Duke did that anyway,” Burns said. “This just

Jeremy Chen | The Chronicle

seems more logical. The meal plan before was super complicated.”

First-year Alina Perez also said planning her meals with seven brunch or dinner swipes was difficult. Although she was able to find free dinners in the first week, it became more difficult as classes started. She said she was also very aware of the limited amount of food points. “[The change has] definitely taken a weight off my shoulders,” Perez said.

Some students also said their upperclassmen friends had mixed reactions

to the change, since it was not implemented in previous years. First-year Valeria Silombria said her resident assistant was happy for the first-years, but also jealous. Wilson said his RA had much the same reaction.

“They were like, ‘I am high-key upset about your meal plan,’” Wilson said.

Robert Coffey, director of dining services, wrote in an email that the change was prompted by “feedback from our customers.”

See SWIPES on Page 8

Durham public schools ban Confederate, Nazi symbols Bill McCarthy The Chronicle

Chronicle File Photo

The Durham Public Schools Board was unanimous in its decision to ban Confederate and Nazi symbols in the dress code.

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Last Thursday, the Durham Public Schools Board voted unanimously to ban representation of the Confederate flag, Ku Klux Klan and Nazi swastika from its dress code.

In addition to banning the racist attire, the seven members of the board decided to strip the name of city philanthropist Julian Shakespeare Carr from the Durham School of the Arts middle school building, citing Carr’s historical support of white supremacy. With the ban, students are now prohibited from wearing attire that could be “reasonably expected to intimidate other students on the basis of race” or “any other classification that is protected by law, regulation or Board policy,” according to their published policy. The dress code ban puts Durham up to speed with the Orange County and Chapel HillCarrboro school districts, whose boards issued similar bans last month.

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“The board was very much aware of the controversy and the tragedy in Charlottesville and thought that it was important to clearly emphasize that symbols of racial intimidation are not appropriate for Durham public schools,” said Chip Sudderth, director of public information for Durham Public Schools.

Both changes follow in the wake of community backlash to the violent white supremacist rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, which spurred national debate on the relevance of historical symbols associated with racism.

In August, Durham protestors toppled a Confederate monument at the front of the old county courthouse, and Duke University President Vincent Price ordered the removal of a statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee outside the University’s chapel.

This new revision in dress code represents more of a formal change in language rather than practice, Sudderth explained. Local principals had already been monitoring hallways for students dressed in symbols of

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racial intimidation.

“Principals have always had the authority to ask students to remove or cover articles of clothing or symbols that are disruptive to learning,” he said. “The changes to this policy simply makes it more clear that symbols of racial intimidation are presumed to be disruptive.”

Natalie Beyer, a member of the Durham Board of Education, said the council wanted to formalize its current practices after the events in Charlottesville and leave no room for confusion.

“We went back and thought that it was really important to put this into policy so that everyone is clear—students, teachers, family members—that on school property we don’t have any tolerance for those specific hate symbols,” she said.

Jay Pearson, assistant professor in the Sanford School of Public Policy, said that the board was correct to draw a connection between their banned symbols and the general idea of white supremacy.

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See DURHAM on Page 8

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2 | FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

Duke Surplus provides supplies to local organizations One of these nonprofits is the Ellerbe Creek Watershed Association which focuses The Chronicle on enabling a clean creek and outdoor education. Six years ago, the nonprofit was A metal wire fence about 50 feet placed in contact with the program. Duke wide—“The Cage,” as people call it— Surplus was integral in the progress and encloses rows of desks, cabinets and expansion of the ECWA. chairs available for redistribution.

“Especially early on, we had a pretty People scurry into the warehouse small budget and struggled to pay for with their hand trucks and push carts, operating costs,” ECWA Executive roaming the aisles for items that will fit Director Chris Dreps said. “So as we’ve their needs—all for free. grown or as we’ve needed to replace The facility is Duke Surplus, which equipment, we’ve been able to save a lot serves local nonprofit organizations, as well of money for equipment like chairs, file as the faculty and staff at the University. cabinets—those kinds of things.”

The program collects unused property Dreps added that Duke had also on campus—like office supplies or provided his organization support, computers—and stores them in a nearby partnerships and grants throughout warehouse for future use. Items circulate the past years. into the warehouse everyday from faculty The Center for Child and Family Health who register unused items. has also been a consistent consumer of the One of the key components of Duke Surplus for almost nine years. A few years ago, the nonprofit—which serves children who have experienced trauma—wished to grow their organization. However, they lacked the funds to buy new furniture and computers, as well as hire new employees.

Their solution was Duke Surplus.

CCFH Director of Administration Greg Duncan praised the kindness the Surplus employees showed his administration when the nonprofit first approached the facility. With the aid of Duke Surplus, CCFH was able to expand from 33 to 84 employees, and they continue to utilize the program when needs arise.

Recently, Duke Surplus collaborated with Triangle Residential Options for Substance Abusers to transport desks and supplies from the warehouse to the nearby Shannon Fang | The Chronicle boarding school North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics.

Duke students are not currently permitted to use the Duke Surplus facility.

Surplus is the commitment to the Durham community through the donation of surplus equipment to local nonprofits.

“We are helping startup nonprofits in a lot of cases, helping them move to bigger spaces,” said Mary Crawford, senior director of procurement and supply chain management. “It’s saving them money and resources to grow their nonprofit.”

Duke Surplus once operated as property store at Lakewood Shopping Center, selling items rather than reusing or donating them. However, the program changed its business model in 2007, no longer permitting the sale of property.

Instead, Crawford explained, faculty and staff at Duke could acquire items available in the warehouse at no cost. During this time, Duke Surplus also began working with nonprofits. Within the past ten years, over 600 nonprofits have registered with Duke Surplus.

Shannon Fang

Shannon Fang | The Chronicle Previously a for-profit center, Duke Surplus changed its business model in 2007.

At the moment, students at the University are not able to utilize Duke Surplus for personal needs. Crawford explained that most items are heavy duty office furniture that would not be useful for a residential setting. However, student organizations are able to receive supplies from Duke Surplus via their faculty sponsor.

Still, Duke Surplus has strengthened the relationship between Duke and Durham and helped make the city a “stronger and healthier community,” Duncan noted.

“I think tensions between Duke and the city have been mended, and Duke has become intentional with its involvement in the community,” he said. “Duke Surplus makes such a huge difference in Durham, particularly for nonprofits who are serving the Durham community in so many different ways and provides the support those nonprofits need.”

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Professors criticize N.C.’s Gates Foundation funds redrawn district maps sanitation research Ann Gehan The Chronicle The North Carolina state legislature has faced continued criticism following the adoption of new district maps to eliminate racial gerrymandering.

In May, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that North Carolina had engaged in unconstitutional racial gerrymandering in the creation of its legislative districts following the 2010 Census. The Court then ordered the state to redraw the maps, which were approved by the state legislature Aug. 30. However, many are still unhappy

Courtesy of Duke Photography Fritz Mayer, a Sanford professor, noted that the new maps were only slighly less biased than the old ones.

with the maps, arguing that the new districts are barely an improvement from the old ones.

“Even though these maps are probably somewhat less biased toward the Republican party, they’re still heavily [biased],” said Fritz Mayer, professor of political science, public policy and the environment.

In North Carolina, state legislative redistricting must take place in the first regular legislative session following the United States Census.

In 2010, Republicans won control of both the North Carolina House and Senate, consequently winning the right to control the redistricting process. Plaintiffs from the allegedly gerrymandered districts sued the state in 2011, setting off multiple rounds of federal court cases that culminated in May’s ruling of the case, which was called Cooper v. Harris.

The creation of legislative districts has always been a tricky issue. Following the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the creation of “majority-minority” districts was a way to ensure black representation, but drawing districts to pack them full of minority voters quickly became a tactic used to dilute the voting power of African Americans.

John Aldrich, Pfizer-Pratt University professor of political science, noted that North Carolina has exploited this tactic to gain legislative advantages from See MAPS on Page 8

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Evi Alexopoulos The Chronicle Duke has received a $10.7 million grant to conduct research that could potentially save thousands of lives—all with a simple flush.

The University’s new partnership with RTI International—a nonprofit organization in the Research Triangle—and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is aimed at designing practical solutions to global sanitation problems. With the funding from the Gates Foundation, Duke could become a premier center for sanitation research and clean water project development, said Jeffrey Glass, professor of electrical and computer engineering and a member of the team that received the grant.

“We’re basically designing smallscale chemical plants,” he said.

The grant will bring together faculty and students from the Global Health Institute, Sanford School of Public Policy, Pratt School of Engineering and the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Initiative with the shared goal of improved health and social well-being in developing areas of the world.

Earlier last month, the Gates Foundation gave seed funding for the creation of a Sanitation Technology Cluster, which will specifically design techniques toward improving water, sanitation and hygiene.

Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation gave Duke $10.7 million to research solutions for poor water quality and sewage disposal.

Brian Stoner, adjunct professor of electrical and computer engineering and senior fellow in Discovery-ScienceTechnology at RTI International, called attention to the need for greater research and development in sanitation and clean water initiatives.

Glass explained that he and his team are currently working on phase three of the Reinvent the Toilet Project, which has worked to build new-age toilets that don’t require electricity or sewage. He added that these toilets are currently being tested in India and South Africa, where rural communities often lack the resources needed for sewage systems.

See SANITATION on Page 8

Sports 4 | FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

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THE BLUE ZONE

DUKE’S X FACTOR AGAINST NORTHWESTERN sports.chronicleblogs.com

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FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

FOOTBALL

THIRD TIME’S THE CHARM?

Blue Devils hope to limit costly explosive plays in the secondary against Northwestern Alex Sanfilippo The Chronicle When Duke and Northwestern met last year, signs of a disappointing season for the Blue Devils were already starting to accumulate after a loss to Wake Forest. Those inconsistencies—turnovers, poor kicking, a stagnant offense—materialized further in a second straight setback for Duke.

Now, on the NW contrary, the Blue Devils vs. welcome the Wildcats a Duke week removed from one of the team’s SATURDAY, Noon biggest offensive efforts Wallace Wade Stadium in history.

But at the same time, an experienced Northwestern team returning eight offensive starters looks poised to challenge Duke in what is shaping up to be a competitive game.

The Wildcats enter Wallace Wade Stadium for Saturday’s clash at noon fresh off a 31-20 win over Nevada to start the season. Similarly, the Blue Devils will look to expand upon last week’s 60-7 thrashing of N.C. Central to get to two wins in as many weeks.

Sanjeev Dasgupta | Chronicle File Photo Bryon Fields Jr. will lead a Duke secondary that struggled to contain quarterback Clayton Thorson in the Blue Devils’ loss to Northwestern last season.

“I’m looking at the tape, and I’m seeing déjâ vu, but I’m also seeing a better [Northwestern] team,” Duke head coach David Cutcliffe said. “Both [running back Justin] Jackson and [quarterback Clayton] Thorson are as good a combination that you’ll see in college football.”

One of the main stories after last season’s 24-13 defeat was the number of explosive plays given up by the Blue Devil defensive backfield. Thorson, then a redshirt sophomore, picked apart an experienced Duke secondary en route to 320 yards and three touchdowns through the air. All three

of those touchdowns came on passes of 25 yards or more, including a 58-yard strike to seal the game late in the fourth quarter.

After losing four members of the secondary to graduation in DeVon Edwards, Deondre Singleton, Breon Borders and Corbin McCarthy, a much younger group will face one of their toughest tests of the season this Saturday in terms of keeping Thorson in check and containing Jackson, one of college football’s most elusive running backs.

“Giving up explosive plays on defense— we definitely have to limit those,” redshirt senior cornerback Bryon Fields Jr. said. “Last year with the passing game, we gave up some plays over the middle that we shouldn’t have given up.”

Both Fields and senior safety Alonzo Saxton II emphasized the importance of corralling Jackson, a dynamic player who has amassed more than 4,000 yards and 30 touchdowns in his career. Duke linebackers Joe Giles-Harris and Ben Humphreys will have their hands full with the Carol Stream, Ill., native, and Saxton and Fields both emphasized the importance of having all 11 defenders involved in tackling him.

See FOOTBALL on Page 5

WOMEN’S SOCCER

‘100 percent revenge:’ Duke visits No. 3 West Virginia Meredith Cash The Chronicle In November of last year, Duke was in the midst of one of its strongest regular seasons in recent history. The Blue Devils posted just two losses in conference play and four losses overall entering the postseason and looked primed for another deep run into the NCAA Tournament.

Then West Virginia stepped in.

The Mountaineers ended Duke’s postseason run with a 1-0 win in the Elite No. 11 Eight for their second Duke head-to-head victory vs. of the season, robbing No. 3 the Blue Devils of a WVU chance to avenge their FRIDAY, 7 p.m. national title loss to Dick Dlesk Soccer Stadium Penn State from the year prior.

Fast forward 10 months, and No. 11 Duke is gearing up to take on third-ranked West Virginia on the road Friday at 7 p.m., just before the ACC gauntlet begins. The Mountaineers are coming off a 2-1 win against then-No. 4 Penn State, but the Blue Devils are riding a five-game winning streak and back-toback shutouts into Dick Dlesk Soccer Stadium in Morgantown, W.V. One might assume Duke would have revenge on its mind in its

first real test since falling to then-No. 6 North Carolina in overtime Aug. 18, but head coach Robbie Church insists that 2017 is a new year for the Blue Devils.

“I don’t think this is about the revenge for last year. This is about 2017 opportunity,” Church said. “I want it to be more of an opportunity for the 2017 team instead of revenge for the 2016 team. We’re building our own year.”

Associate head coach Erwin van Bennekom views the matchup differently.

“He says there’s no revenge?” the Netherlands native asked. “It’s 100 percent revenge. 100 percent revenge.”

Whether it be for revenge or opportunity, Duke (5-1) will need to bring its best if it hopes to surmount the reigning national runner-ups. West Virginia (4-1) boasts an unrelenting offense which returns all but one of its top five scorers from last season.

Senior Michaela Abam—who has led the team in scoring every year she has been in college and appears on the 2017 Hermann Trophy Watch List—once again leads West Virginia’s offensive charge with five points off two goals and an assist.

The Blue Devils will have to contain an attack that returns 85 percent of its goal-scoring from last season, but since implementing the four-back arrangement after losing starting defender Mia Gyau for the season, Duke’s defense has been airtight.

Carolyn Chang | The Chronicle Duke has scored most of its goals on set plays or one-on-one attacking this year, but will need more creativity from players like Taylor Racioppi to get past West Virginia.

Freshman Taylor Mitchell—who replaced Gyau in the starting lineup—has blended in seamlessly with the veteran defensive starters.

The Blue Devils have allowed just one goal and 10 shots in the three games since adjusting their formation, a feat Church says will serve them well.

“Defensively, I thought we were really, really solid,” Church said. “The back four is really coming together. The more they play, the more they get to know each other, especially with Taylor Mitchell in the middle

who is playing really well. She’s playing with a veteran group, but you can’t tell when you look out there who’s the freshman out there.

That’s a real credit to her.”

The Mountaineers boast a strong defense of their own. After posting a nationwide-best 18 shutouts last season, West Virginia has held opponents to 8.0 shots and 0.6 goals per game through its first five contests. The Mountaineers are particularly skilled in the See W. SOCCER on Page 5

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one-on-one game, and Duke—which is now just 13th in the ACC in assists per game—will have to get better at sharing the ball.

Even if they do so, the Blue Devils will have to find a way past sophomore netminder Rylee Foster, who owned the seventh-best goals against average in the nation last year.

The Cambridge, Ontario, native has made 14 saves and boasts a 0.82 save percentage heading into Friday’s game.

“No question about it, they have the most athletic defense that we’ve seen so far,” Church said. “We want to go at them. We don’t want to go backwards. We want to go right at them, then be able to beat them and go to goal.”

As part of a trend dating back to last year’s loss to West Virginia, Duke has struggled to convert on opportunities in the attacking third.

The Blue Devils outshot the Mountaineers 1712 in that November matchup, but they failed to put a ball in the back of the net. Likewise, Duke’s scoring this season has been somewhat limited, especially considering it has averaged 18.7 shots per contest.

Senior captain Imani Dorsey—who has scored in the Blue Devils’ last five contests— leads the team with 11 points and five goals.

West Virginia’s defense will likely look to lock her down, forcing sophomore Ella Stevens and juniors Taylor Racioppi and Kayla McCoy—a talented trio that has accounted for four goals so far—to ramp up their offense and spark Duke’s attack.

“Kayla, Taylor and Ella have created a lot of things, but they haven’t been as efficient as Imani when we go for it,” Church said. “We need to have those players, who are very, very talented players, just to be able to step up and finish some balls. We just have to be locked in,

and when those opportunities come, we have to be able to finish.”

The Blue Devils will use this matchup to evaluate themselves on the national stage and prepare for ACC play. The conference boasts six top-20 teams, so Duke will need all the help it can get to prepare.

Friday’s game also serves as an opportunity for the Blue Devils to bolster their resume early on. An upset victory against a top-five opponent on the road could pay dividends in November, when the NCAA tournament committee decides seeding.

“This is why you come to Duke, is to play games like this,” Church said. “We do this even before the ACC, to find out where we are as a team on the national level. We don’t know that unless we step out into these venues. We’re playing one of the toughest teams in the country. We’re playing them on their field. These are games that are big that come back in November.”

balanced in what they do.”

After losing five games last season by 11 points or fewer, making plays in crucial moments will be a central theme for the Blue Devils this season, especially with a more experienced quarterback.

The stakes for Saturday are high. Duke (1-0) has just one more nonconference game after Northwestern to prepare for its conference opener in Chapel Hill against a North Carolina team hungry for revenge after the Blue Devils’ thrilling 28-27 upset last season.

Duke has dropped the first two contests in its four-game series with the Wildcats by two possessions, but is hoping for a different result this time.

“If we manage the game and try to play to the highest level of ability we’ve got, then we’ll be competitive in this game,” Cutcliffe said. “You can’t have wasted plays against a team like them—that’s the challenge.”

FOOTBALL from page 4 Redshirt sophomore quarterback Daniel Jones played fairly well last season against a stout Northwestern secondary in his first career start away from home. Jones fell just short of 300 yards passing, but a costly interception near the red zone and an ineffective run game stunted Duke’s opportunities. Jones and a youthful receiving core that features just one senior, however, may face their toughest secondary of the season Saturday. The Wildcats (1-0) are led

by NFL prospect Godwin Igwebuike and two upperclassmen in the defensive backfield with plenty of experience from last season.

“We’re always trying to find matchups,” Cutcliffe said on how to break down the secondary. “That’s what offense is in a lot of ways—it’s not the scheme, it’s the personnel.

It’s difficult against them because they’re so

M. BASKETBALL from page 1 fourth road trip in as many weeks to play Boston College Dec. 9 at noon. It is Duke’s earliest ACC opener since the 2005-06 season, and it is the third time in the last four years the Blue Devils have started conference play against the Eagles.

In addition to the regular-season finale against North Carolina, Duke’s biggest home games will likely be a Feb. 21 contest against Louisville—after Cardinals head coach Rick Pitino returns from a five-game suspension and a Jan. 29 showdown with Notre Dame.

The Blue Devils will also travel to Coral Gables, Fla., Jan. 15, looking to avoid losing at Miami for the third straight year.

The Blue Devils’ full conference schedule can be viewed online.

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W. SOCCER from page 4

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PUZZLE BY TIMOTHY DAMON GULCZYNSKI POLIN

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T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

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6 | FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

Between housing and home

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ith every new year comes renewed waves of academic rigor, the uptick of extracurricular commitments and the endless cycle of job recruitment. Preoccupied with opportunities like these at beginning of the semester, an average Duke student likely would not consider housing to be exactly on par with quintessential campus experiences like pulling all nighters with friends or organizing club events. However, living communities at Duke, given the three-year housing requirement, are far more fundamentally transformative than they are given credit for. The Crowell and Craven quads were long overdue for renovations, yet members of these quads who were relocated to shiny new Swift Avenue apartments are reporting being less than satisfied with their experiences so far. Particularly in terms of the dorm community. Charged with fostering these communities are resident assistants: undergraduates and graduate students who choose to facilitate connections within dorms while also living in them.

First years have their introduction to Duke’s dorms and resident assistants on East Campus.

Bright-eyed, new students arrive from diverse backgrounds and are thrown into a complex

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Letters should not exceed 325 words; contact the editorial department for information regarding guest columns.

The Chronicle will not publish anonymous or form letters or letters that are promotional in nature. The Chronicle reserves the right to edit letters and guest columns for length, clarity and style and the right to withhold letters based on the discretion of the editorial page editor.

array of changes that they must learn to maneuver as members of the Duke community. On East, resident assistants occupy a strong mentorship role since they help newly minted Blue Devils navigate the complexities of a new arena of academic opportunities and social structures. For resident assistants, the challenge becomes facilitating connections in communities brought together by random housing assignment through frequent, intentional programming and predictable visibility in the dorms. Developing relationships on East Campus is an experience at Duke that can set the

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tone for an entire undergraduate career.

On West and Central campuses, a resident assistant’s role differs significantly from that on East. Now that students have had time to adjust to Duke life, many residents feel comfortable grappling with the everyday challenges and nuances of living and working on campus alone.

A resident assistant is viewed as less of a mentor and as more of a resource—and in some cases, an unnecessary one given the resident assistant's dual-role as a policy enforcer. However, despite the mixed reviews, resident assistants are

Direct submissions to: E-mail: chronicleletters@duke.edu Editorial Page Department The Chronicle Box 90858, Durham, NC 27708 Phone: (919) 684-2663 Fax: (919) 684-4696

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integral to these dorm communities. Resident assistants and executive boards of affiliated houses or house councils of independent sections work together to build community, a collaboration that brings new ideas and extra funding to programming endeavors.

Ensuring the quality of resident assistants is paramount to successful communities. Prospective and current resident assistants should evaluate their commitments to ensure they have the necessary time and energy to devote to residents while still balancing their studies. Improvements to meal plans and consolidation of training weeks could also help shift the focus of resident assistants from their own stress to their communities, allowing for more time to focus on creating healthy and supportive living arrangements.

Ultimately, even the robust structure of HRL with resident coordinators, graduate residents, resident assistants and faculty-in-residence is insufficient to truly build community. The onus is on all of us to participate. The potential benefits of building strong communities that prioritize growth, compassion and genuine connections with fellow students are innumerable, but these can only come from actively engaging with these spaces and always striving to create a better Duke.

How Charlottesville was another reminder

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“Idiots have been predicting an exodus from California for 20 years now, and yet it keeps growing. I wish people would leave California. It has too many people if you ask me.”

—John C. Cracker, in response to "I dare you, California" published September 9, 2017

Est. 1905

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D

uring one of our lessons on poetry, I was speaking to my first period English class about which kinds of work constitute poetry and which are less likely to be received as such. I started by saying that poetry comes from that place within us where we often refuse to look, but what will not be considered poetry in our class was hate speech. One of my seniors stopped me and asked, “How could that be?

Art is subjective, and people who say hateful things are protected by free speech.”

It pretty much halted me in place, and I had difficulty explaining to them the principles of free speech. And then I thought about our constitution and the ways free speech is protected. I came to realize that, despite the common thought that we’re not allowed to shout “fire” in a crowded theater, there doesn’t seem to be clear consensus on regulating speech so caustic it could burn.

Jamal Michel

hateful speech is still, somehow, protected by law. White supremacists and neo-Nazis may be using their platform to “expose a double standard” or to topple political correctness altogether, but the reality is that their platform intentionally incites a response so visceral and so explosive. The violence that broke out on campus at UVA in response to efforts to “Unite the Right” was a clear indication that the kind of agenda brought in from neo-Confederates would cause anyone to lash out.

We're taught that American ideology was founded on principles of freedom, despite the history of a nation created from the enslavement of Black and Brown bodies.

Free speech is protected as the highest right, even though borderline violent language is also protected on the misguided basis of “principle” and “equity.” Historically disadvantaged communities are often the

FEATURED GUEST COLUMN The growing conversation that followed the violence in Charlottesville brought back into the spotlight the idea of free speech.

The clash between white supremacists and counter protesters had spawned several camps of people who were either pro, anti, sort of, hell yeah, or hell no regarding free expression. The current administration and its response to issues related to Charlottesville continues to be at the center of conversations about free speech and political correctness— an issue that has become more significant since Donald Trump announced his run for president nearly two years ago.

American ideology has been shaped and formed by the Constitution, and no amount of arguing will change the fact that we are protected by it. From gun ownership and religious freedoms, to free speech, both civil and hateful—the bedrock of all American arguments is that “it’s my right.” This ushering in of a new president whose platform was built on divisive and incorrigibly offensive speech doesn’t change what we view as speech protected by the Constitution; it simply reinforces it. It reinforces the reality that

targets of hate speech, and the near explicit backing that nationalist groups in the country receive should not be entirely surprising. It is a pre-existing condition of our country to use our laws to justify the most or near greatest forms of invisible inequity.

Charlottesville has reignited the longstanding debate that questions whether or not we can be equitable, but also opposed to racist and bigoted speech. To those in the margins it seems nonsensical to couple free speech with hate speech, but it seems most sensible to those pioneering in the fringe— those in a firestorm fanned by public figures who act as mouthpieces and who promote division, but call it freedom of speech.

Hate speech may not be the equivalent of yelling “fire” in a crowded theater, but it is definitely becoming fuel for something far more damaging in our country.

Jamal Michel is a featured guest columnist. He is a Duke graduate and high school English teacher in Durham.

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Setting the Standard

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Community” is the motto for the college experience. By now, freshmen at Duke will have been inundated with calls from Duke’s various communities— to apply to professional societies, to try out for singing groups, to run for elected office, to prepare to rush the campus social scene. The groups that comprise our college experience have a powerful impact on our identities. Just consider how we introduce ourselves to one another: “Hi, my name is <X>, I’m from <Y>, I’m majoring in <Z>, and I live with <ABC> group.” We want the world to know us for who we are and who we are not. Marking ourselves by the communities we inhabit— from academics (major), to origin (hometown), to social circles (living groups)—allows us to create points of convergence with and separation from the people around us.

Often, the communities of which we are a part are undergirded by a series of rules. In the classroom, the laws are administered by faculty in the form of requirements. In the fraternity house,

Duke Honor Council the conventions are passed down from nebulous national entities in the guise of traditions. What makes these rules similar is not who made them, but the fact that we didn’t.

While that may be the case for facets of life at Duke, it is not for the community of which we are all citizens. Irrespective of what we study or where we live, the first identity we forged on this campus was one of a Duke student; an identity co-created by generations of Duke students based on the ethos of mutual respect. Today, these norms are known as the Duke Community Standard —a commitment that all of Duke’s citizens make to the principles of honor and integrity.

The Community Standard hardly seems revolutionary; all of us (hopefully) know not to lie, cheat or steal, and we dutifully sign our names beneath the honor code each time we take an exam at Duke. However, many students may be surprised to learn that this test-day chore is a fairly recent addition to Duke’s traditions. Honor codes are certainly a longstanding tradition at universities— William & Mary’s honor code is actually older than the United States—but at Duke, formal commitments to integrity barely predate the current undergraduate population.

Duke instituted its first honor code in 1993 to formalize a system of academic integrity. Over subsequent years, the university participated in a series of evaluations and surveys on honor in the classroom to assess the culture of ethics on campus. Results indicated that the majority of students did not take the honor code seriously, and believed that cheating was both present and permissible.

These responses inspired community action, with students leading the way to draft a new honor code called the “Duke Community Standard” that was instituted in 2003. Significant investment into academic integrity programs, policies, and products yielded improvements in undergraduate honor in subsequent years. Follow-up surveys indicated a decline in dishonest behavior on campus, but also highlighted specific gray areas faced by students such as the blurred line between collaboration and individual effort. To bolster ethical practice, students in 2007 revised the Standard by

adding the “obligation to act” with the hope that codifying accountability would create a culture of “active” integrity.

A decade later, integrity on campus has faded into the background for many students, with honor serving as a community default as opposed to a conscious choice. It’s easy to forget the origins of campus traditions, as the rapid turnover of undergraduate students lends itself to a kind of institutional amnesia. But recent incidents ranging from “CopySci 201” to criticisms of the student conduct process suggest that honor at Duke is still a work in progress—one that deserves a larger campus conversation.

At Duke, that mandate is fulfilled by the Honor Council, a student group dedicated to promoting the values upon which the Community Standard is based.

Honor Council doesn’t try cases—that’s the role of the Conduct Board, which does have undergraduate panelists— but instead engages in programming, policy work, and product development related to integrity on campus. Over the

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017 | 7

Real world notably bereft of Larry Moneta

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sat through a very pregnant pause after my professor’s long, introductory rant in my first class ever at Duke. So long that my fellow classmates awkwardly stared at one another, unsure if they had just managed to miss some sort of instruction. Those first few weeks had been noisy chaotic ones, so the silence—no matter how oddly deafening, or confusing—surely was a relief. I had just transferred from state school, and was adjusting to the hustle of daily life in the gothic wonderland.

There were times in those early days at Duke when I felt like a foreigner who had managed to slip in under the radar.

My DukeCard was valid, for sure. But my presence on campus still felt fake, like I could stop studying and be whisked away back to reality at any moment. It took months for that imposter feeling to go away, and over a year for me to feel like I really belonged. But in that moment—that

problem. The locally roasted and sourced coffee still tastes pretty burnt and the sushi was kind of subpar.

None of this is meant to convey that I wasn’t an active participant in those sorts of behaviors and activities that incite the guttural “ugh” the rest of the world exudes when they hear the word “Duke.” After all, I ran an unsuccessful campaign for student body president then turned on the student body and wrote an anonymous, semester-long column making fun of them. That’s why it pains me to write this column: my inaugural opener in a brief, 4-part reprieve from my status as “Active Participant: Civil Society.”

I’ll revisit my favorite topics in a different role—this time as a young, barely-adult Duke alumni. But if my short lived stint in the wild that is life outside Durham has taught me anything, it can be summed up in one, concise (AP Style!) headline.

Real world notably bereft of Larry Moneta.

Annie Adair

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DUKE, FORWARD

long, awkward pause after my professor introduced himself I did the one thing I should not have. I leaned over, smiled at the girl sitting next to me, and asked her a question.

“What’s McKinsey?”

She laughed. I didn’t know why. Our professor had spoken about this mystery company ad nauseam when discussing his resume. Everyone nodded along in agreement as if to beckon his visitingprofessorship validated as worthy by this experience.

“It’s a part of the big three,” she told me, her voice steeped in the most subtle of sarcasm. “You know, consulting?”

I might as well have tattooed my forehead with the phrase “Transfer Student: Not From Around Here, Handle With Care.” But the worst part was that this wouldn’t be the last of my gaffes as I transitioned from “thoughtful member of the real world” to “stereotypically Duke student.” I bungled my way through conversations filled with ski slopes in Colorado I’d never heard of, prep schools name drops, and camps in the Northeast The Duke Honor Council's column runs to which I had no connection. I went into senior year still fairly unsure of what on alternate Fridays.

Biomedical Engineering and investment banking at Goldman Sachs actually were.

Once in those early days when somebody told me they were from the Bay Area, I—an intellectual—astutely asked: “What Bay?” Immersing yourself as a Duke student “We already spend enough into the campus culture elicits a certain money for universal care, we just amount of new knowledge. After all, just spend much of it on a wasteful learning the acronyms that describe places private patch work system that around campus is an undertaking in and of itself. But slowly, the phrases—LSRC, is 25 percent paper work. I dare BC, C1, LDOC, PUMP, etc.—seep into you California? What, you dare your brain until you speak the language them to not let people die because as fluently as anyone else. And along with they are poor? You dare them to those acronyms come a lot of other ideas that soon become all too familiar—the adjust away from the least efficient big three, the key three, the rivalries and health care system in the developed personalities of individual Manhattan world?” prep schools, the ability to rank all top-14 law schools in order, coffee and craft beer —Michael Corcoran, flavor profiles, and perhaps my favorite— responding to “‘I the ability to complain about literally dare you, California’ anything, no matter the quality. Your published September19, school builds a $90 million, state-of-the2017 art dining hall that resembles a cruise ship more than it does a student center? No years, our work certainly has ebbed and flowed, just like student attitudes. But this is work that must continue—because at Duke, community is a thread that holds us together. Over the course of this year, the Honor Council will be organizing a series of ethics programs around monthly themes ranging from honor in the business world to misconduct in scientific research.

The programming will culminate in the Honor Council’s annual “Integrity Week” in the spring, which will celebrate 25 years of honor at Duke.

Of course, honor is supposed to be a culture and not an event. But we hope that programs like these will be a springboard for broader dialogue about what it means to maintain integrity at Duke and beyond. Institutions are defined by the individuals who inhabit them, leaving it up to us as students to write, follow, and enforce the standards we want our community to follow.

Come and join us this year for conversations about community and change.

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The amenities of Duke—whether they be intellectual opportunities, physical spaces, real concepts, or imagined fantasies—promise a world of grandeur where quite literally anything is possible.

The dream of Terry Sanford is alive and well in Durham, where Larry Moneta routinely conceptualizes multi-million dollar ideas and David M. Rubenstein bankrolls them into reality. Even cities like Washington, DC, that have been greatly aided by the kiss of Rubenstein’s bank account, can’t compare to the idea of Duke’s campus where you can try out pretty much anything, risk-free, with absolutely no consequences.

An afternoon in an art museum can’t compare to a semester of art history with a leading expert in the field. A tour of the Capitol Building will be cool, but a course on the history of civic engagement in the US will go deeper. Want to try out conservatism? Great, Duke’s got a couple of people who also like that! Want to learn how to golf? Awesome, Duke is also interested in advancing your future career in lobbying. We have as many video editing studios as we do students from the mountain west and enough student publications that you could be an editor-inchief every semester at Duke.

There is no greater place to appreciate culture and discourse than the ground zero that is a college campus. There are spaces and outlets out here in the “real world” for those sorts of things, for sure, but they aren’t as disposable and as easily reachable.

It’s hackneyed, but I wish—if only for a second—that I could have paused the moments that mattered in order to savor them more. There are people I want to hug closer, food I wanted to savor longer, and—believe it or not—class discussions I want to hold onto to absorb just a few more points of view.

I don’t have remaining time at Duke to incorporate this mentality, but you do.

The aftertaste of a cup of burnt Vondy coffee has finally escaped me, but I can’t help but wish I’d had a few more.

Annie Adair is a Trinity alumni. Her column typically runs on alternate Fridays.

DURHAM from page 1 White supremacy, he explained, dates back centuries to the exploitation of black Africans as slaves and the appropriation of Native American historical lands through forced relocation. It was during this era that Western European colonizers constructed the idea of a natural hierarchy among human populations.

He noted that symbolic reminders of that historical hierarchy have been used as weapons ever since.

“Symbolic representations that perpetuate ideas of natural hierarchies are problematic because they reinforce or reify these alreadyexisting social perceptions that one group is inherently superior to another,” Pearson said.

“Clearly these symbols meet the formal criteria of symbolic representation of terror.”

Beyer explained that the policy’s language was carefully crafted to prohibit broader symbolic representations of hate— not just those based on race. She also noted that the board consulted lawyers while crafting their new policy.

“The case law is complicated,” Beyer said.

“But our attorneys are confident that we have written solid policy that affirms First Amendment rights but also makes sure our schools are safe.”

Stuart Benjamin, Douglas B. Maggs Professor of Law and associate dean for research, wrote in an email that although the Supreme Court has already set a precedent for similar school board policies in previous cases, it is unclear how the court would handle the Durham ban in particular.

“Everything rides on how much authority officials at K-12 schools have to police what their students wear at school,” Benjamin wrote. “And on that the Court has been more muddled.”

Sudderth and Beyer said that few locals have objected to the new motion, with the

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8 | FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

majority of complaints voiced by email.

“Durham is a progressive community, and Durham is an inclusive community,” Sudderth said. “By and large, our community has been generally supportive.”

However, in Pearson’s opinion, there is still more to be done. He described one next step as reshaping the school curriculum to dismantle misconceptions about race.

“The critical piece for me is whether we can get our heads around a curriculum that teaches people the historical significance of these symbolic representations, and I think we’re failing at that,” Pearson said. “Let’s actually teach historical accounts in our coursework and in the curriculum, and then folks at the very least will have a sense.”

SWIPES from page 1 “I like that they listened to people’s complaints,” Silombria said. “I thought that was really cool of them. They really care about their students, and they paid attention.”

However, first-years Natalie Wilkinson and Daniel Kingsbury said though they like the change, they feel the meal plan could still be improved by including more options, particularly on West Campus, for equivalency.

Students who miss breakfast can only apply a breakfast equivalency of $4.55 at the Skillet on West or lunch equivalency at Marketplace.

If they miss dinner, they can apply a dinner equivalency of $8.75 on the same day at Trinity Cafe. Even these are limited to specific times that students may find difficult to work into their schedules.

“We will continue to monitor plans H and I moving forward,” Coffey wrote, in reference to the first-year meal plans. “Our goal is to provide options for students that desire a meal plan to cover all meals, a plan that provides more flexibility.”

MAPS from page 3

act to protect civil rights at any cost.

“If gerrymandering can become the face of the political dysfunction [in the district maps. state], there’s a chance you could put Although the racial gerrymandering enough pressure on the system to change was ruled unconstitutional in the Cooper things,” Mayer said. v. Harris decision, critics of the new maps argue that the districts remain unfairly Editor’s note: Abrams also serves as The gerrymandered.

Sophomore Leah Chronicle’s editorial page managing editor.

Abrams, president of Duke Democrats, pointed out the disparity between actual from page 3 voter populations and those represented on the maps.

“The North Carolina population is Smaller projects that the new funding almost exactly evenly divided [between could support include odor control associated Republicans and Democrats], and you with sewage and reduction in energy used to don’t see that at all in the new maps run sewage and sanitation systems. that they drew,” she said. “You see a Glass added that Duke’s projects Republican majority pretty much any way in water and sanitation research also you take it.” look to empower women in developing Aldrich noted that the new maps communities, many of whom face offer insight into the Republican party’s stigmas over using proper sanitation in desire to retain their majority in the their home countries. state legislature.

“Many of the women’s groups “Republicans ran a risk they didn’t are going to be the drivers for this necessarily need to take—they changed technology,” he said. [the maps] ever so slightly but not Sophomore Rachael Lau—who said much,” Aldrich said. “They’re trying to she was inspired by her Writing 101 class, cut it as narrowly as possible and still Waste Matters—is pursuing research remain constitutional.” with Glass and other team members.

Abrams said she viewed the maps “My focus was on Senegal, and there as an injustice to voters, and Mayer I focused on toilet solutions and how we added that the new maps are a source can implement them to work on a broad of potential “voter discouragement.” range of social inquiry,” she said.

He noted that for many voters, “it just Beyond health measures, both Glass doesn’t seem like there’s much point in and Lau said that improved sanitation showing up to vote.” could also have a societal impact. Lau Despite their frustrations, both Mayer noted that implementing newer toilets and Abrams expressed hope that the could spur economic and agricultural issue of gerrymandering could serve as growth in affected regions. a tipping point for political action in “The implications are just unreal,” North Carolina.

Glass aid. “The connections with Abrams noted the large population improved health go way beyond of politically involved North Carolina hospital visits, to economic benefit and residents and said she hopes that many will education outcomes.”

SANITATION