September 26, 2018

The Chronicle

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T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018 DUKECHRONICLE.COM

ONE HUNDRED AND FOURTEENTH YEAR, ISSUE 13

Duke bans Housekeepers to rebid for shifts, locations as union president resigns in protest the box Job applicants will no longer have to disclose convictions

By Ben Leonard Managing Editor

Bre Bradham Editor-In-Chief

Applicants to jobs at Duke will no longer have to say whether or not they have been convicted of a crime.

“While responses to the question are not currently shared with hiring managers, asking for this information in an application can lead to a misperception among applicants that the responses are used to filter out those with a criminal record from employment opportunities at Duke,” said Kyle Cavanaugh, vice president for administration, in the release.

In an email to The Chronicle, Cavanaugh wrote that administration had two meetings with subgroups of students about the change.

“This has been something under discussion and review for some time,” he wrote.

The change, which is in line with the national push to “ban the box,” was one of the demands issued by the People’s State of the University last semester.

This is the first of PSOTU’s demands to be met by administrators.

Cavanaugh explained that other schools have made the change to comply with local laws on the subject.

“I certainly don’t think we can [say] we are first, but I do think you can say that is rare that a institution makes this move when not also being required to do so by local law,” he wrote.

The new policy, effective Nov. 1, will not stop Duke from conducting background checks. Duke will still do background checks for government sanctions, criminal records and driving record history— See BOX on Page 4

Selena Qian | Staff Graphic Designer

Michelle Tai | Contributing Photographer Charles Gooch, pictured holding a copy of the collective bargaining agreement, has worked for the local union for more than 30 years.

By Jake Satisky University News Editor

Isabelle Doan News Editor

In his 30-plus years working for the housekeepers union, Charles Gooch says that he has never seen anything like what is happening now.

Duke has already changed housekeeper shifts so that some staff now have to work on weekends. However, shifts will be upended even more drastically beginning next week. According to Gooch, former president of Local 77—the union representing housekeeping and Marketplace employees—facilities staff at Duke will lose their existing shifts and workplace, and will have to bid for new hours and buildings.

“People are going to start bidding on their jobs next week, Oct. 1 through 5, by seniority,” Gooch said.

In response to the changes, Gooch resigned as president of Local 77 Sept. 20.

“That’s my protest against all the changes I can’t do nothing about,” he said.

In response to a request to confirm the changes, Leslye Kornegay, director of environmental services, wrote in an email to The Chronicle that the restructuring complies with the collective bargaining agreement and was reviewed with the union beforehand.

Rebidding will be based solely on seniority, Gooch said, and existing shifts will

Pride returns to East Campus After last year’s controversy, Pride its way back to Duke’s East Campus.

be eliminated while others will be consolidated.

Additionally, the shifts will be different The Chronicle spoke with four housekeepers regardless of where housekeepers may end who confirmed these changes but requested up. Gooch said that there are currently nine anonymity out of fear of potential retaliation. shifts that will get cut down to four, with the Facilities management promised that no 3:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. shift being one of the job would be cut after rebidding, Gooch said, notable eliminations. but there is no guarantee that staff will end He added that management told employees up at the same building that they have been who work that shift that they will keep their working at—some of them for over a decade. “third shift premium” even if they move jobs, The four housekeepers The Chronicle spoke meaning someone could take a later shift and to were worried about having to potentially force someone who has never worked a latereshape their lifestyle around a new building night shift into that job. and new hours.

Facilities staff will also be taking on Gooch detailed a more responsibility. potential scenario for That’s my protest against Management is a junior housekeeper all the changes I can’t do planning to phase out facing rebidding. the distinction between “Now with the new nothing about. housekeepers who focus bidding schedule, since on detail cleaning and I don’t have much utility workers who seniority, I may lose my charles gooch handle heavy equipment, spot,” he said. “I’m going FORMER PRESIDENT OF WORKER’S UNION according to Gooch LOCAL 77 and four housekeepers. to have to [take the] third shift or I have to Housekeepers will quit or transfer up to another position, find receive training on how to use machines, such something else to do. It’s going to affect more as a floor scrubber, in addition to their regular people than we think it is. We won’t know ‘til workload—without extra compensation. it happens.”

Three of the housekeeping staff said they The collective bargaining agreement signed have no issue with change generally speaking, July 2017 does not let the union negotiate but believe these changes are not beneficial to shifts, Gooch said. either to the housekeepers or the customers in All four of the housekeepers The Chronicle their buildings. spoke to wanted to keep their original jobs, but They also take issue with the way the noted that anyone with more seniority could changes are being handled. Three housekeepers bump them into an unfamiliar building with See UNION on Page 4 different hours.

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2 | WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018

National Security Agency Pride returns to East Campus expert discusses balance of privacy, national interest

By Elora Pradhan

Contributing Reporter

By Xinchen Li Local and National News Editor

As cyberspace becomes a new domain of national security, government agencies confront challenges to balance rights of private citizens with the wellbeing of the state, an expert said at an event Monday.

Cyberspace is a unique domain in that it is a single integrated space that people from all nations and walks of life share and use for both private and public activities, making it hard to regulate, said Deb Crawford, research technical lead at a joint National Security Agency (NSA)/ North Carolina State University (NCSU) applied research laboratory.

“These activities are all co-mingled [in cyberspace],” Crawford said. “The networks that the military uses to control their logistics supply chains are the same networks that adversaries or hackers use to intrude our systems of interest, and also the same networks that we are using to send emails, texts and pictures.”

The talk was the Duke Cyber Club’s first public event. The group was launched this year in order to raise campus-wide awareness about cyber-related national policies and social changes.

Junior Justin Sherman, president of the club, said he co-founded the club with junior Rebecca Diluzio because they recognized a lack of curricular and extracurricular opportunities on campus for students to learn about cyberrelated national policies and regulations in the technological field.

“The goal [of the club] is to bridge computer science and areas such as public policy and politics,” he said.

As Crawford explained in her talk, making and executing policies related to cyberspace, requires coordination between a large number of government agencies, such as the Department of Defense, the Department of Justice and the NSA. All departments operate under the national security strategy raised by the

Mary Helen Wood | Staff Photographer Deb Crawford, research technical lead for an NSA lab, spoke on campus Monday.

president, and a separation of responsibilities is critical to a smooth cooperation.

“The big questions are who is responsible for what piece and even more importantly, why are they responsible for that,” she said.

Crawford noted that sometimes attribution of responsibilities can be difficult because an issue may fall under the realms of multiple agencies. Thus, it is important to classify the issue into the most relevant category and then hand it over to another branch when more information is available.

“We always treat [the issue] the way it’s classified so that we can at least get a start on how we are going to give a response,” she said.

The openness of cyberspace also lowers the cost of cyber “attacks”—network intrusions aiming to access confidential information, Crawford added.

“It doesn’t matter who you are, whether you have physical resources or a lot of money—as long as you have access to the Internet, you could [attack another cyber network],” she said. “You only need to be clever.”

Crawford accedes that because the U.S. See BALANCE on Page 4

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Keyin Lu | Contributing Photographer In 2016, North Carolina Pride was held on East Campus. The parade looped around the campus and down Main Street.

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Pomp, performers and a parade. All that will enliven East Campus Sept. 29 as students and Durham residents gather for the annual Pride parade.

This year’s Pride events almost did not happen. N.C. Pride, the group that had organized the event since the 1980s, canceled its permit this June. The LGBTQ Center of Durham took over planning and, in less than three months, revived the festival—complete with stage music, drag performances and a DJ from New York.

With changes in leadership come several changes to the event’s bureaucracy. N.C. Pride came under fire last year for scheduling the event on Yom Kippur, the Jewish day of atonement. And the Center is disclosing all festival expenses to the public to clear any air of suspicion.

This Pride festival aims to promote diversity, accessibility and inclusion, according to its organizers.

In the early planning stages, the LGBTQ

Center conducted a public survey and decided to “center the experience around people of color, of varying gender identity, of varying ability, of varying racial backgrounds,” said Justin Clapp, the local drag performer who is leading the planning efforts.

The event is aimed at increasing inclusivity in many forms, he added. People across the state, not just from Durham, are welcome.

Furthermore, Clapp explained that the LGBTQ Center has focused extensively on an accessibility plan for elderly people, people with disabilities or with mobility needs by organizing accessible parking areas.

Clapp added that the organizers behind Durham’s Pride march hope the event will inspire neighboring events to focus on “the most marginal and vulnerable people” and to “encourage people to be inclusive and welcoming.”

“We know that this event started as a protest and a march, and we don’t want to lose the activism that was centering this experience,” Clapp said. “But activists need a place to recover and feel safe and be loved...

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WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018 | 3

Effective malaria, HIV vaccines are ‘unlikely’ to be developed soon, Duke researchers say

By Kathryn Silberstein Health and Science News Editor

Many would be excited by the prospect of immortality, and some people believe the world is on its way to a vaccine or cure for every disease. However, research from the Duke Global Health Institute suggests we’re not as close as we think.

The Center for Policy Impact in Global Health at the Duke Global Health Institute recently published a study analyzing 538 candidate products for 35 identified neglected diseases to estimate the likelihood of these products reaching the launch point. The researchers discovered that the current options aren’t likely to produce effective vaccines for tuberculosis, HIV and malaria. The study was part of a 18-month collaboration among 16 researchers from across the world.

This study was the first of its kind to consider an entire portfolio of neglected health problems and the efforts being made to address them, unlike other studies that focus on specific countries or diseases in isolation.

“One of the areas of great interest for DGHI is the area of public goods for health, tackling shared health challenges that go beyond borders of individual countries, sharing knowledge and conducting research,” said Gavin Yamey, director and founder of the Center and co-author on the study.

Yamey noted that the 35 neglected conditions identified by the research team predominantly affect people in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including HIV, malaria, TB and tropical diseases.

“We looked across the whole portfolio, allowing us to say where we see the portfolio is weak and strong,” Yamey said. “To the best of our knowledge, this hasn’t been done before.”

Researchers needed to collect data from diffuse sources and process into categories before being able to create their models and projections.

Yamey explained that the first step in the investigation was trying to understand exactly what candidate products are in the research and development pipeline.

The search required casting a wide net, working with Policy Cures—an independent group in Australia that provides research and analytic tools for creating pharmaceuticals—and surveying companies, product development partnerships and academic literature.

“There is no central place you can go for that,” he said.“It’s a large amount of detective work.”

Once they had compiled a list of candidate products to conduct their research, the team utilized a new tool designed by the WHO’s Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases: the Portfolio-2-Impact (P2I) Model. It is a modeling tool they could use to analyze candidate medicines, diagnostics, vaccines and other medical technologies at different stages of development to determine the likelihood of each reaching product launch.

Yamey explained that the model utilizes data from thousands of previous products to inform

its predictions of success rates, costs and time spent in each phase of development.

But, before they could use the program, the team needed to organize their 538 products into groups used by the model. Once candidate products were sorted, they were all entered into the P2I Model. The model estimated—based on what’s currently in the pipeline and what we know about standard rates of success—what we can anticipate will be launched, what the cost of the launches will be and what we are not likely to get out of this, Yamey explained.

Researchers estimated

achieve the Sustainable Development Goals signed by all United Nations member states, he said.

At a U.N. summit in September 2015, world leaders adopted 17 goals for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. One of the goals is to “ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages.”

Within goal three, the Agenda calls for ending the epidemics of HIV, TB and Malaria and ending preventable child and maternal death.

“It’s impossible to achieve those goals without new breakthrough health technology,” Yamey said. “One of the findings here is that based on what’s currently in the pipeline, there are several r signe e critically needed health technologies D ic raph G that we are unlikely to develop in time to g n i ut ntrib o t h a t achieve the 2030 sustainable development goals C | s eeve R it would take for health.” y Jo $16.3 billion to move the Yamey pointed out one positive result of the 538 applicable products through the pipeline. investigation: the pharmaceutical community As a result, 128 out of the 538 will reach the is likely to produce a large number of new launch-point. diagnostic tools.

However, as noted in the publication, However, he highlighted certain detrimental the model suggests there would be very few diseases that are almost entirely neglected, such launches of complex new chemical entities. as Hookworm—a tropical disease that affects Any launches of highly efficacious vaccines for 450 million people but that receives only HIV, TB or malaria would be unlikely. approximately one percent of international Yamey also explained that vaccines and funding for tool development annually. treatments for neglected tropical diseases and “We are underinvesting across the board combined diarrhea are unlikely to be produced. when it comes to global health,” Yamey said.

There will still be some gaps in terms of some of the breakthrough technology we need in order to See VACCINES on Page 4

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4 | WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018

BOX

that “second-chance hiring” goes beyond removing the initial disclosure. Going forward, the student organization FROM PAGE 1 and community partners are pushing for targeted hiring and when relevant. These checks will be performed during skills training. the offer stage for finalists for positions that have been Senior Sydney Roberts, an organizer for PSOTU and a “recommended for hire,” according to the release. chair of The Chronicle’s independent editorial board, said The release noted that a criminal these can have positive economic impacts record does not “necessarily on local families. preclude” a person from getting a This has been something “There are no downsides to these job at Duke. under discussion and review changes,” Roberts said.

“Convictions are evaluated on a The change is in line with the case-by-case basis in which hiring for some time. direction in which Duke has been officials will consider the nature moving on the issue, Cavanaugh wrote kyle cavanaugh to The Chronicle. and gravity of the offense, the date VICE PRESIDENT FOR ADMINISTRATION of conviction and its relationship “Duke transitioned to the required to the job,” the release said.

[Equal Employment Opportunity Senior Trey Walk, an organizer in Commission] guidelines several years PSOTU, noted that the policy change is important because ago, and the move to eliminating the self-disclosure Duke is the largest employer in Durham and it sets an example section on applications will not be a huge lift,” for other businesses in the area.

Cavanaugh wrote.

He hopes it has a cascading effect on the area, but noted Shagun Vashisth contributed to this report.

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BALANCE FROM PAGE 2 government does not own many private commercial cyber infrastructures, implementing cyber policies regarding private companies is often challenging, especially when it is hard to define whether an issue is related to national security.

The Department of Homeland Security, for example, will coordinate with private firms to work side by side, maintaining a active communication to make sure both sides understand each other so that they can work out a plan to protect the privacy of American citizens, she added. But such coordination cannot be compulsory.

Respecting the rights of private firms and citizens creates obstacles for executing policies but is also key to the U.S. democracy, which is—according to Crawford—a “good pain.”

“It is important for me to know I am protecting democracy, the Constitution, the invaluable rights given to the U.S. population,” she said. “It makes things more difficult, but it’s part who we are.”

UNION FROM PAGE 1 said they did not see the union—which represents roughly 500 of the 900 facilities and Marketplace dining staff, according to Gooch—modifying Kornegay’s proposals.

The housekeepers said that the week before Hurricane Florence, a group of them requested to have a meeting with Kornegay to discuss the impending rebidding process. At the meeting, which took place in Perkins Library, she explained the changes were in line with what other universities are doing.

Kornegay wrote that the changes are implemented to balance operational needs with existing staff.

“Duke takes pride in maintaining a clean, sanitary and safe environment in our facilities for the campus community and visitors,” Kornegay wrote. “These changes are made after careful consideration for how to best meet the operational needs of the university while balancing our staffing and housekeeping resources.”

When emailed for confirmation of the changes described by housekeepers and Gooch and for further comment, Kornegay replied back, “At this time facilities management has given our official response.”

The four housekeepers expressed appreciation for working at Duke and how much they value their relationships with faculty and students in their buildings. Nevertheless, they felt betrayed and worried about what the future holds.

Gooch said he did not understand facilities management’s rationale for these changes.

“Why do you need the whole department to change their schedule when you could have a few people to do what you need,” he said. “Why do you have to change their livelihood?”

VACCINES FROM PAGE 3 “In terms of research and development, funding has been steadily falling since 2009, we’ve seen stagnation of global health aid since the global financial crisis at a time that many of us in the research community are seeing a need for scaledup investment.”

While the research community is seeing some middleincome countries—such as Brazil, India and China—investing in their own health research and development, they hope to see more middle-income countries come to the table to invest.

Yamey noted that although the health and social impacts achievable through more investment and research are exciting, the need goes beyond that. “[Public health discoveries] have a profound development effect: the returns to investing in global health are some of the largest, with a profound benefit to the economy, as well as social and health effects,” Yamey said.

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Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons HIV is one of the diseases scientists say will be hard to find a vaccine for.

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WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018 | 5

VOLUME 20, ISSUE 13 | SEPTEMBER 26, 2018

Who reads anymore?

Students discuss reading in their spare time, page 7

me too monologues student monologues explore identity, page 10

on writing and conversation reviews editor Alizeh Sheikh reflects on her journey as a writer, page 6

R

recess editors Now hosting a podcast on...

Christy Kuesel ................ relationships Sarah Derris....................conspiracies Will Atkinson ........................astrology Nina Wilder ..........................investing Selena Qian ................ obscure sports Eva Hong................................gaming Alizeh Sheikh ........... campus activism Lexi Bateman ...........................anime Sydny Long ............................ fashion Jessica Williams ..................self-care Bre Bradham..................... reel to reel

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6 ||WEDNESDAY, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER SEPTEMBER 26, 26, 2018 2018

I love to talk and I love to write. I’ve been talking, talking, talking for about 19 years now, and I’ve been writing for a little more than half of that. According to my parents, I started to talk early, because apparently my toddler self had a lot on which to pass judgement.

Although I have always been a throughand-through introvert, I realized as a middle school debater that I get a rush whenever I speak in public. This high has endured and to this very day I get just a bit light-headed whenever I raise my hand in class, though the pay-off is tremendous as the pressure and anxiety dissipate. I’m an introvert who likes to talk. I have a fondness for words and, in particular, the condensation of them: Although my friends of the past and certainly of the present consider me talkative, their usage of the word has an amiable twist.

Perhaps a more precise word to describe this enduring quality would be conversational, because although my talk is substantive, I like to think it’s substantial. It’s the protein of conversations, not the carbs.

I consider my affection for writing to be a necessary byproduct of the conversing process. Introversion and talking are not mutually exclusive, nor are conversation and writing. As water nourishes the seed, writing serves to clarify, consolidate and embody meaning as transmitted through language.

In doing so, that meaning develops, marked with reference points – new seeds –from which new meanings may grow. I talk so that I may write and I write so that I may talk.

This personal significance of writing took me awhile to attain, and I blame it in part on the false conception that writing necessitates a personal space for thought and a natural affinity for being alone. While I agree with this statement to a certain extent, I find it limited. Writing is not hermetic. Though it may come from you, you do not exist without external factors – without a method by which you obtain meaning. I obtain my meaning

Admission is always free for Duke students.

through conversation, and for that reason I only like to be alone when I consciously and actively choose to be.

Writing has many purposes, two of which are to make sense of ourselves and to understand the world. I now know that I adhere to both, at least once they’ve filtered through verbal language. This realization is distinctly personal, and it came about partly as a result of my joining Recess and figuring out what made the most sense – what felt most natural. My freshman year gave me the space to experiment with different types of writing, and I hopped between organizations for nearly a semester and a half before settling

staff note on Recess. I was writing short-form and longform prose, aesthetic and Rupi Kaur-esque poetry, essays on my own epistemology and even literature analyses in Spanish. During that period, I sometimes wondered if my only lasting personality trait was my fickleness. I wasn’t sure what exactly I liked about writing.

I couldn’t pick out the one kernel of meaning.

I mildly enjoyed everything.

I can’t say that doing my first interview was when it “clicked,” or when I realized that Recess was for me. Rather, my realization was a result of assessing my past behavior, and of wondering why I came back to meetings and kept picking up stories. And the simple fact is that everything suddenly felt so easy when I began writing stories centered on artists.

There was just something that felt so natural about speaking to photographers,

performers, filmmakers, poets and the like and writing stories that engaged with their work, even if I still felt that flutter in my chest every time I conducted an interview. When I sit down to write an article, it sometimes felt like it has already been written. In just a couple of hours, I could knock out a thousand words, and I’d never been able to do that before. Finally, this pathway of writing through talk, this methodology that feels most me, was now mine to have. I hadn’t realized it until I’d already worn it in. In my conversations with artists, meanings were constructed through our discourse, and I now simply had to disclose them. The better the questions I posed, the richer the meaning.

And the more substantive (and substantial) the meaning, the easier it became to embody it in the form of an article. Now I could talk and now I could write.

Having the opportunity to obtain meaning through discourse – real, personal and worldly meaning – is what I most value about writing for Recess. I don’t go into interviews to garner factual information, but rather to understand a person (or at least the person behind the art). And in doing so, I think I’ve been able to comprehend my own personhood a little bit better. Whether it be experimental film, poetry, photography or theater, I am made to appreciate aesthetic, intellect, and even history via approaches I’d never considered before, and each time I come to see our shared human existence as slightly more beautiful.

Or perhaps the beauty was always there, and now, at last, I may tap into it.

-Alizeh Sheikh

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WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018 | 7

playground

Where have all the readers gone? Finding the time to read for leisure

By Joel Kohen Contributing Writer

Universities and books would appear to be a match made in heaven. Cultural depictions often show college students dressed casually, bespectacled, and in most cases, with a stack of books tucked under their arm, hurrying from classrooms to libraries and back. With Duke being no exception to a world that is busy and hectic, do students still resort to books and leisure reading when they want to escape their packed schedules?

In many of the admissions essays that will soon be sent to Duke, high schoolers will stress their love for reading and how they wish to expand on it upon arriving on campus. Once students come to college, however, only few seem to abide by the mantra of relentless reading they had proclaimed in their essays, and understandably so.

Every night, Duke students flock to their carefully selected study spots, such as the Wellness Center, the deserted tables in West Union or Perkins to plow through the copious chapters and papers assigned by their professors. In the midst of all these pages and other homework, students seem grateful for every minute they can escape this academic paper jungle that Duke can be, whether through social media, Netflix or partying.

“I must admit that I don’t get to read books of my own choosing as much as I’d like while I’m at school, simply due to a more hectic schedule,” said senior Oscar Hong, who is studying computer science.

While he does reserve 30 minutes per day for reading and audiobooks, he said that around two thirds of his yearly leisure reading is done in the summer.

Hong is not alone. Aamir Azhar, T ‘18 ,said that he only regained the ability to read for leisure after graduating from Duke.

The first book he picked up was “Discipline and Punishment” by Michel Foucault.

“Halfway, I got bored, and, realizing

I had “Kafka on the Shore” (by Haruki Murakami) on my Kindle, [so I] decided to just start reading that instead,”he said.

“It’s difficult for me to do things in short periods,” said sophomore Anya Parks, who is currently making her way through Gustave Flaubert’s “Madame Bovary.” “ To really enjoy what I’m reading, I need a chunk of hours in which I have no obligations.”

One Duke alumna who certainly sits down to read after the hurly-burly of her work day is Morgan Hoit, who graduated from Duke in 2016, and might be better known under her Instagram alias @nycbookgirl.

Apart from her job as an assistant to a Broadway producer, the former English and Theater Studies major actively blogs about new releases and New York City’s literary scene.

“I didn’t have that much control over my own reading when I was in college and my reading for pleasure was confined to the times when I had more free time,” Hoit said.

At Duke, Hoit managed to read approximately one unassigned book per

month; now, she finishes 12 or 13 per month. The sudden boost in reading she experienced after graduating led to the start of her blog. Looking back at her time at Duke, Hoit lauded the skills she acquired in her classes and, although the time for leisure reading was rather scarce, she cited that several of her college friendships originated in conversations about books.

“With the influx of technology we’ve had in the last few decades, people were immediately interested in it, but then reverted back to a love of reading” she said.

Many students felt nostalgic about times when reading felt more like a pleasure than a duty, such as middle school. Most of the respondents said their estrangement from literature began at some point during their high school career, when college applications loomed, and more rigorous classes started demanding their full attention.

This nostalgia carries an element of sadness for some of them, as expressed by senior Anika Mukherji. “Now, reading

for fun generally means sacrificing some other work,”she wrote in an email. I really believe that it is something missing from the academic culture at Duke.”

Mukherji emphasized the distinction between reading as a requirement and exploring literature for the sake of pleasure, which could be strengthened on campus via book clubs or other programs.

The question of reading seems to have struck a chord with many Duke students.

Multiple reported that they too once were the “stereotypical bookworms.” Some of them, like senior Miriam Levitin, even recalled reading the entire children’s section in her local library.

Although Duke’s general culture might seem to prioritize job recruiting events, social groups and shiny resumes, students appear unequivocal in their appreciation of literature. Considering the determination and creativity so many of them display on a regular basis, there is ample hope that literary life will regain a larger role on campus sooner or later.

Alexandra Bateman | Design Editor Some Duke students say they find it difficult to read during the school year due to academic and extracurricular commitments.

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Me Too Monologues Coffeehouse show fosters openness on campus

By Katie Eppinger Contributing writer

In the past year, the #MeToo movement has gone viral, creating a platform for people to voice their experiences of sexual harassment and assault. When people discuss the Me Too monologues on Duke’s campus, they often associate the movement and the monologues as nearly identical entities.

Although Me Too Monologues occasionally showcases the voices of those affected by sexual assault and harassment, it is sometimes misconstrued as a space for those individuals who are personally affected by the movement.

But Me Too Monologues goes far beyond the realm of the #MeToo movement; the group seeks to encapsulate all aspects of people’s identities through these monologues.

“When people think of Me Too monologues, they sometimes shut down… they feel like it’s not their space,” said senior Vivian Luo, co-director of Me Too Monologues. “But it is. It’s open to all.”

Entirely written, directed, and performed

by Duke students, Me Too Monologues aims to create an intimate space that encourages vulnerability and cultivates empathy.

Students anonymously submit monologues that explore different parts of their identity; monologues are then chosen and actors are cast to perform the words of the author.

“The things that separate us in everyday Duke culture, they don’t disappear, but for a brief moment you forget they exist,” said Luo. At Duke, Me Too Monologues offers a place to talk about things beyond the prominent and superficial culture of “effortless perfection.”

“Me Too Monologues was the first time I had seen such vulnerability on Duke’s Campus – the first time I was apart of a community that encouraged so much intimacy and empathy for themselves and for others,” said senior and executive producer Annie Delmedico.

Even if a person does not directly relate to the content of a monologue, often they are able to empathize and relate their own experiences to those voiced in the monologues.

The showcases are intended to build solidarity between peers and act as more than a performance: Each show is intended to be an interactive conversation between the actors and the audience. In the eyes of the directors, the willingness to sit in that space and participate speaks volumes about the intimacy and human connection that people crave on Duke’s campus, even if they rarely speak openly about it.

“There’s no quantitative measure of what we’re doing on campus,” said Delmedico.

“We make this whole show and we put it out there and we trust that it does something for someone somewhere.”

Although the organizers would like the monologues showcased to be representative of student submissions and experiences, they understand that is impossible to encapsulate every marginalized voice on campus into a single show. Picking which monologues are chosen is an incredibly difficult task.

“Everybody’s voices are valid,” said Luo. “If we don’t take a piece, we don’t want people to think we didn’t want their voices heard. We’re just trying to present a snapshot of what people are feeling.”

The creators do intend to bring marginalized voices to the forefront, though they emphasize that their goal is not to fix problems, but to

initiate conversation on issues of importance to the students. “[Me Too] is just trying to amplify voices that wouldn’t otherwise be heard,” Delmedico said. “We’re the vessel for the stories people trusted us with.”

Through creating an environment where people are able to be vulnerable, the directors hope that Me Too Monologues can be a place of healing as well as an exercise in empathy.

Especially for the authors, they hope writing these monologues will allow individuals to be honest with themselves and aid in the healing process, even if the monologues are never submitted or spoken out loud.

“We’re not trying to put words into people’s mouths or tell you how to think about an issue,” said Luo. “We’re just a medium to connect the experience

of one individual student with a larger audience.”

Although it is hard to know the tangible impact of the monologues on students and Duke’s campus, Luo had one particular moment stick out for her. After performing her first monologue her freshman year, the author came up to speak to her immediately following the show.

“She told me that writing the monologue for herself was such a large part in her healing process,” said Luo. These moments of personal intimacy can be difficult to find on college campuses, and the creators of Me Too hope that these shows can promote solidarity and establish an unspoken bond between students.

“The phrase ‘Me too’ is just such a transcendent phrase,” said Delmedico. “We really want it to be a communal experience.”

Special to the Chronicle Me Too Monologues hosted its annual Coffeehouse show Thursday, sparking conversations about identity.

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Sports

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THE BLUE ZONE

ALEX O’CONNELL APPEARS TO HAVE ANOTHER NEW ‘DO dukechronicle.com

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018

VOLLEYBALL

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018 | 11

‘A 22-YEAR-OLD FRESHMAN’

Andie Shelton, the Blue Devils’ first-ever graduate transfer, has been a crucial piece of the puzzle

By Winston Lindqwister Sports Managing Editor

When head coach Jolene Nagel was looking at her roster for the 2018 season, she saw a hole.

After losing three starting seniors to graduation and returning just six upperclassmen—two of which were out of commission with injuries last season—Nagel’s squad desperately needed a direct injection of talented experience to bring a young group of Blue Devils together.

Enter Andie Shelton, Duke’s first graduate transfer in program history.

‘That’s my daughter’ Nagel first heard of the Stockton, Calif., native not through recruiting but from Shelton’s father, Tiger Shelton. Tiger, a club coach with over 36 years of experience at all levels had been in contact with Nagel since 1999 after a former player enrolled on Duke’s roster. And after a business-as-usual phone call, the prospect of Andie making her way to Durham came up.

“He was helping one of his former players look for an opportunity and we just got to talking and that’s how it came up,” Nagel said.

“He called me about an outside hitter and I said ‘we could probably use an outside hitter,’ and then it would be awesome to get a fifth year player somehow and get that experience.

Somebody who has one year of eligibility who can get their masters here at Duke, who can help us get a little more experience on our

Charles York | Special Projects Photography Editor

Graduate transfer Andie Shelton became the first Blue Devil since 2006 to earn a tripledouble when she accomplished the feat against South Florida. roster. He said, ‘that’s my daughter.’”

Winding up at Duke was never necessarily in the cards for Andie Shelton.

Like most of her classmates in high-school, Shelton opted to attend the University of the Pacific, a mere 15-minute drive from her house and nestled firmly in the city where she grew up. She thrived as a Tiger, earning All-Freshman Team honors in 2014 and ending her fourth year as one of only a pair of two-position players in the West Coast Conference.

Shelton, who redshirted her sophomore season, then had the opportunity to take her final year of eligibility elsewhere and leave her

hometown of over 20 years behind.

“I was thinking I needed a little bit of a change in my life,” Shelton said. “I wasn’t planning on it originally. Pacific was 15 minutes from my house. I didn’t live at home but I might as well have been at home all the time. When I first was looking for schools I wasn’t ready to leave home, but now I was more interested in the idea and then Duke kind of came about and I was like, ‘it’s Duke,’ it’s not really a hard question as to whether or not it’s a great school or a great program or a great place to be.”

After satisfying her enrollment

requirements and finally getting the chance to talk with Nagel after waiving her final year at Pacific, Shelton embarked on a 2,700 mile cross-country road trip to establish her new home in Durham.

From the outset, the transition wasn’t easy for the graduate transfer.

Getting acquainted in a completely different part of the country is one thing, but also trying to integrate into a completely new team on a new campus while also truly living on her own for the first time only added to Shelton’s challenges.

Add all of that on top of her job in helping five incoming freshmen mesh with a returning core and Shelton found herself in a rare position.

“It’s weird,” Shelton said. “I like to call myself the 22-year-old freshman, because that’s kind of what it’s like. I feel like I’m a freshman again, but I’m also older than everyone else on the team. I’m like the grandma on the team, but I’m also so new to everything. It has been a very strange experience, but it has also been very fun. Not often do you get to, for one year experience something brand new.”

For the first time in her life, she had to manage all of her own living arrangements.

From bills to groceries, she was truly on her own. To make matters worse, disaster struck with leaks in her apartment courtesy of North Carolina’s rainy summers, forcing the newly See SHELTON on Page 13

FOOTBALL

Scouting the opponent: Don’t overlook the Hokies

By Derek Saul Blue Zone Editor

Last week, everything that could go wrong for Virginia Tech did.

The Hokies, who entered the contest as 29-point favorites, fell to previously winless Old Dominion 49-35 Saturday sending Virginia Tech from No. 13 to unranked.

To make matters worse, starting quarterback Josh Jackson will be out indefinitely after suffering a left ankle injury, and the Virginia Tech’s sack-leader, Trevon Hill, was dismissed from the program on Sunday.

The Hokies will travel to Durham this weekend to face Duke on the heels of likely the most embarrassing loss in program history. And yet, this is not a team that the Blue Devils can overlook.

“If you’re foolish enough to take Virginia Tech lightly, you probably need to be in another sport or line of business,” Duke head coach David Cutcliffe said. “This is not coach talk, it’s reality. No offense to Old Dominion, because they did an incredible job, but if they played 100 times, that only happens once. It’s an outlier.”

The Blue Devils know all too well what a humming Hokies

team is capable of. Last October, Virginia Tech embarrassed Duke, securing a 24-3 victory in the rain at Lane Stadium. The Hokies’ defensive front tormented Daniel Jones, who completed just 10 of his 24 passing attempts for a paltry 84 yards, resulting in the second-worst single game passer rating of his career.

Even though only three defensive starters from a year ago remain on Virginia Tech’s roster, this is still a defense with pedigree. The Hokies finished 2017 with the fifth-best mark in points allowed per game, and defensive coordinator Bud Foster’s bunch always seems to find a way to pester opponents.

It is also conceivable that the defense’s putrid performance against Old Dominion was merely an outlier, just as Cutcliffe said. The defense looked to be the same, solid group through its first two contests, yielding a combined 20 points and 296.5 yards per game to Florida State and William & Mary.

“We know that Virginia Tech is always going to have a talented bunch,” Duke quarterback Quentin Harris said. “We definitely know they are going to show us some different looks defensively than we have seen so far.”

On the other side of the ball, uncertainty also exists. The running attack looks solid, as Steven Peoples and Deshawn See FOOTBALL on Page 13

Jim Liu | Opinion Photography Editor

Virginia Tech’s usual starting quarterback will not play against Duke due to an injury suffered last weekend.

12 | WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018

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The Chronicle

MEN’S SOCCER

Duke unable to capitalize in scoreless draw

By Liz Finny Associate Sports Editor

After breaking a nearly three-week scoring drought Friday against Boston College, No. 15 Duke appeared to have fallen back into a rut Tuesday.

Despite a strong offensive performance by the Blue Devils—holding possession for the majority 0 of the game and GW 0 outshooting George DUKE Washington 30-4— they were not able to capitalize. The game remained scoreless through double overtime, ending in a 0-0 draw.

Duke controlled the field for the first and second half, but could not finish any of its shots in the final third.

“The final pass at times was waning, and we didn’t have enough aggressiveness toward the goal in the final cross,” head coach John Kerr said. “Our approach play to the final third and into the box was pretty good, but we have to do better in front of goal if we’re going to win games.”

The Blue Devil offense appeared stagnant at times in the first half, with little movement on passes and no aggressive drives to the goal.

Even when Duke was able to get within the box, the Blue Devils were unable to find the back of the net.

In the 13th minute, Issa Rayyan missed on a ball from Max Moser. Rayyan had another shot on goal 15 minutes later, but Colonial goalie Thor Arne Hofs caught it head-on. In the 19th

Helen Healey | Staff Photographer

Daniele Proch missed six shots for the Blue Devils on a night in which the team could not convert on any of its 29 attempts. minute, Daniele Proch had a similar outcome when he couldn’t find the back of the net off Moser’s cross.

Duke goalie Will Pulisic had a great save around the 30th minute after a George Washington breakaway culminated in a shot from right outside the goal box. Pulisic laid out to keep the Colonials (4-3-1) from scoring a goal.

George Washington had very little possession for the majority of the first half.

In the final 10 minutes of the first half, the Blue Devils (4-2-1) saw two shots soar above

the cross bar, one off a corner kick and the other from outside the box.

“We told them at halftime to be aggressive, get towards the box, create havoc, and make them commit themselves and figure out little openings from there,” Kerr said. “And we did a good job of that, we just didn’t finish. Sometimes games go like that but it’s happening too much for us, so we need to step that up…. If we’re going to win big games we have to score.”

The second half had more energy, but more

of the same missed opportunities and inability to finish. Ian Murphy headed the ball straight at the goalie off a cross to open up the second half with some Blue Devil momentum.

Rayyan missed wide left, placing the ball right at the left side of the goal after dribbling it in, but had no one there to finish off the run. Ciaran McKenna sent one flying towards the goalie after dribbling it down from midfield.

In the 65th minute, the Blue Devils saw See M. SOCCER on Page 13

WOMEN’S SOCCER

Blue Devils hoping for tough road win Thursday

By Conner McLeod Blue Zone Editor

As their season reaches its peak, the Blue Devils will have to reduce self-made errors and put the pieces of the puzzle together in order to have a chance at a long and successful postseason.

After a disappointing loss to a defensively talented Virginia squad last Sunday, snapping a seven-game winning streak, the 15th-ranked Blue Devils’ schedule will not lighten up as they take on No. 21 N.C. State this Thursday night in Raleigh at Dail Soccer Field.

Playing a full 90-minute match with limited mistakes is something Duke has struggled No. 15 with this season, which Duke was highlighted by vs.

No. 21 an own goal against Virginia. Going into NCSU their next matchup THURSDAY, 7 p.m. against another ranked Dail Soccer Field opponent, the Blue Raliegh, N.C. Devils hope to learn from their mistakes and prove that they can compete with the best in the nation.

“You have setbacks playing, and you have to respond,” head coach Robbie Church said after Sunday’s match. “We have to be able to learn... we can play better.”

While the Wolfpack won’t be its hardest test this season, Duke will still need to stay focused

in order to leave Raleigh with a victory and get back on track. N.C. State has not played a significantly difficult schedule thus far, with the Blue Devils being just the third ranked team it will face. The Wolfpack have stepped up to the plate when called upon, defeating both of their ranked opponents.

Against Duke, N.C. State (8-2-1, 1-1-0 in the ACC) should be able to handle the pressure of such an important game, behind midfielder Tziarra King who already has six goals and three assists on the season. It is up to the Blue Devils’ stellar backline to shut down King and her counterparts Thursday night.

To assist in stopping the Wolfpack’s usual offensive success is redshirt sophomore Brooke Heinsohn, who has posted seven shutouts in her first eleven games starting in the box. Heinsohn has quickly become a defensive stalwart and has arguably been Duke’s most important piece throughout the year.

Though Duke’s impressive record (8-2-1, 2-1-0) is indication of a dominant, polished team, Church is aware of the fact that his squad has things to improve upon.

“We’ve got to be a better passing team against N.C. State and we’ve got to be a bit more dynamic in the final third,” Church said.

The Blue Devils are talented, but inconsistent on offense, scoring in large quantities against some teams and struggling to find the back of the net against others.

Henry Haggart | Sports Photography Editor

Senior Taylor Racioppi has led the Blue Devils in goals this season with five.

Their problem however, has nothing to do with how many good chances they have in the box, but rather stems from their issues with finishing. In its two losses and its tie against Georgetown this season, Duke shot 37 times but only scored two goals.

“We’re going to create chances against anybody in the country, but once we create those opportunities and get them we’ve got to get them wider,” Church said. “We’ve got to be on our feet and finish the opportunities when they’re there.”

Efficiency near the goal will be important

against an N.C. State squad that has limited its opponents to just 41 shots on goal for the entire season. If Duke can figure out how to convert on its opportunities at a higher rate, the Wolfpack’s defense will find it hard to slow down the Blue Devils’ more aggressive players such as senior Kayla McCoy, who has four goals this season off of 29 shots.

If Duke can bounce back from a subpar performance to defeat an elite team like N.C. State, the Blue Devils will prove to themselves and the nation that they have what it takes to beat the best.

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has also been invaluable, helping the Blue Devils avoid some of the mistakes younger teams are often susceptible to making.

“This kid is a real coach’s kid,” Nagel said.

“She has been around the sport forever so she understands a lot about it…. Not only do we have somebody who has already gotten their undergraduate degree, but somebody who has a lot of experience on the court and the volleyball IQ that goes along with it.”

Although the WCC is far from an easy conference—top-ranked Brigham Young is part of the conference—a big adjustment for Shelton was the sheer size and support of a Power 5 organization like the ACC. But yet again, Shelton took it in stride. Just over a month ago, she tabbed ACC Player of the Week honors, establishing herself as one of the best players not only at Duke, but in the conference.

For Nagel, the question isn’t just how to best use Shelton, but also whether there will be more Andie Shelton-types to come through Durham in the near future. In her almost twodecade tenure at Duke, Nagel had never before recruited a graduate transfer.

With generally full rosters and consistent recruiting classes of three to four incoming freshmen, the winningest coach in Duke volleyball history simply hasn’t had the space or the need to fill gaps in the roster with fifth or sixth-year players.

Still, she’s open to the idea.

“I think it would be wonderful if we could get more [graduate transfers], but I don’t know if we’ll be able to do that,” Nagel said. “It depends on what our needs are and if we have any means to help them.”

If her experience with Andie Shelton is anything to go by, a 22-year-old freshman is a safe bet.

SHELTON FROM PAGE 11 minted Durhamite to scramble to recover in her new home. All of this occurring in the backdrop of leaving her friends and family behind in a completely new part of the country.

Luckily for Shelton, the team came to her rescue.

The coaching staff swooped to her aid in moving her furniture out of her apartment, saving her from an early disaster in her living situation.

After arriving in the summer, her teammates provided a proxy family, integrating her quickly into the team culture and staying patient with the new Blue Devil’s questions.

“I’ve grown a lot as a person,” Shelton said.

“I’ve had to grow up. I can’t just call mom and go ‘hey mom, can you help me buy groceries?’

I’ve had to do it all on my own, pay my bills on my own, and that part has been good. The team and the school and everything has been really awesome. It has kind of helped me not think of how far away I am.”

Setting the tone If Shelton had any worries about making the transition to Duke, she left those doubts behind once she stepped into Cameron Indoor Stadium for the first time in late August.

A combination outside hitter and setter, Shelton has been a swiss army knife for Duke, leading the team in assists and service aces while also ranking fourth in kills. Shelton’s versatility has paid dividends—in Duke’s win over South Florida where Shelton recorded 27 assists, 11 kills and 15 kills, marking the Blue Devils’ first triple-double since 2006.

The level of consistency Shelton adds to a Duke squad that regularly starts three freshmen

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018 | 13

FOOTBALL

M. SOCCER

FROM PAGE 11

FROM PAGE 12

McClease are a formidable duo out of the another almost-goal, after a cross from backfield, with a combined 74 carries for Rayyan to Proche ended with a header 442 yards and five touchdowns. wide right. On the other end of the field, With first-team All-ACC selection Cam Pulisic blocked a ball that would have Phillips graduating, the receiving corps resulted in a Colonial goal, tipping it right appeared to be in trouble, but Ball State over the cross bar. transfer Damon Hazelton is stepping into Along with their trouble finishing plays the primary wide receiver role quite well, with goals, the Blue Devils seemed to struggle with a touchdown in every game. with positioning off crosses. Rayyan crossed The greatest question about the Virginia the ball in the latter part of the second half, Tech offense regards what to expect out of and had someone been at the opposite goal Ryan Willis, Jackson’s replacement under post, the Blue Devils could have seen a center. Willis—who served as Kansas’ different outcome. primary signal caller in 2015—entered the “Making our runs at the back post, contest against Old Dominion early in the at times we were there and we had some fourth quarter following Jackson’s injury. opportunities…” Kerr said. “But at other times, The 2015 Jayhawks team quarterbacked we miss that back post run and if we make that

by Willis failed to win a game in 12 tries, run there’s a lot of reward there.” and his track record is less than stellar—he One of Duke’s closest attempts came off has connected on just 54.5 percent of his a free kick with less than five minutes to go passes and has more career interceptions in regulation, with Moser sending the ball than touchdowns. just wide right. Minutes later the Blue Devils And yet, despite evidence to the contrary, got another chance, with Kris Gardarsson the theme of taking every aspect of the Hokies rocketing one over the bar—less than 15 feet seriously prevails for the Blue Devils. from the goal.

“They are not going to slow down After regulation ended in a scoreless tie, because they lost one guy. The biggest the Blue Devils went into the first overtime. thing for us is not buying into the fact that Proch had a free kick just outside the box to their best guy is out, we just have to go play the top right corner of the goal, which was football,” Duke linebacker Joe Giles-Harris just tipped by the Colonial goalie. Proch said. “Guys step up every week—one guy ended the game with eight shots, four of gets hurt and then the next comes in and which were on goal. throws for more yards than the first guy The second overtime saw more shots, but probably could have.” with no reward.

The matchup between Virginia Tech The Blue Devils will continue conference York Times Corporation and DukeThe willNew take place SaturdaySyndication at 7 p.m., Salesplay on the road Saturday evening against 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018 preceding a bye week the Blue Devils.

Wake Forest.

Forfor Information Call: 1-800-972-3550 For September25, 26,2018 2018 ForRelease ReleaseWednesday, Tuesday, September

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Crossword ACROSS ACROSS

Eliza Doolittle’s 11 Galoot creator

7 “State of the 5 Union” Many an channel

Amazon “worker” entry: 10 Datebook 10 Abbr.

Rudely ignore 14 Skulls Cement truck attachment 15 Obama health 15 measure, How hermits in brief live 16 Actress Garr 16 Seep 17 17 “M*A*S*H” Topic for one transport, of the Dalai informally Lama’s “Little Book” series 18 Augusta 19 National’s “Really?”

12th 20 infamous “You think the blanket needs hole, for one messing up?”

20 Bill ___, the 22 Science Keyed (in) Guy 23 Suffix with 21 Comedy duo Japan orrock Sudan featuring actor 24 Jack Part Black of a baseball uniform 23 Queen Gertrude’s 27 “alas” Alter, in as“Hamlet” a site layout 24 Kit ___ (candy 31 bar) Squirrel away

25 as 33 Test, One squat or one crunch 46-Across 36 Sacha Guideline 26 Baron for testing Cohen program watermelon of the early ripeness?

2000s 39 Hoppy Bruins’brew home 31

41 Infamous Barrage in 32 battle bankruptcy 42 declarer Baseball’s of 2001

Slaughter 33 Vest openings 43 Whence 36 “Reelin’ in the slouches?

Years” band 46 Prefix with 39 Part of VCR county or borough 42 Attempts 47 Material Actress that Mallet 46 is of “Goldfinger” 25-Acrossed 48 “Abso-lutely!”

Neuter 47 Brokerage sale: 50 Deli selections Abbr.

53 Opposite of max.

51 Schlep 54 Schubert’s “The 54 ___ Iraq’s main port King” 58 1950s-’60s Title of a trash 55 teen collector’s idol who sang memoir?

“Dream Lover” “Splish 63 and Omnia vincit ___ Splash”

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Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 7,000 past puzzles, nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year).

Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay.

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14 | WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018

T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

The Chronicle

Banning the box

T

his week, it was announced that Duke University and Duke University Health System will no longer ask potential employees for information regarding prior criminal convictions in the initial part of the job application process. This policy change, commonly referred to as “banning the box,” is part of the “Ban the Box” project—created by the civil rights organization All of Us or None—organized around ending employment, housing and service discrimination against formerly incarcerated people. The namesake check box refers to the question “Have you been convicted by a court?” It commonly appears on applications for employment, housing, public benefits, insurance, loans and other crucial services. “Ban the Box” has become a growing nationwide movement and since its inception, the policy change has been adopted by 33 states and over 150 cities and counties; now 75 percent of the U.S. population currently lives in a jurisdiction that has banned the box. The purpose of the policy is to mandate that employers look at an applicant’s qualifications first and their conviction or arrest record afterward, to avoid letting stigmas and stereotypes cloud decisions made about what kind of service or employment they receive.

The University’s decision follows a demand listed by Duke People’s State of the University last Spring in their inaugural protest. The influence of undergraduate activists was confirmed by vice president for administration Kyle Cavanaugh when he noted that the administration met with subgroups of students about the policy and why it’s important that the university takes action on it. Although Cavanaugh states that this change is in line with the direction in which Duke has been moving on the issue as the University had “transitioned to the required [Equal Employment Opportunity Commission] guidelines several years ago” so that the change wouldn’t “be a huge lift,” this is undoubtedly evidence that direct action taken by students is correlated with the

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university expediting meaningful change. And, this instance is far from the first case of grassroots mobilization of students for change: cases including the creation of the AfricanAmerican Studies program after the 1969 Allen Building takeover, divestment from apartheid during the 1980s, the push for Asian-American Studies since 2002 that culminated in an Asian-American Studies program in 2018 were all lead in part by student advocates.

With news of this victory spreading, some members of the Duke community might be asking “So what?” Reactions

Editorial Board of those unfamiliar to this movement might suggest that formerly incarcerated populations deserve the extra scrutiny because of their criminal record. Others might worry that this second chance policy is misplaced because formerly incarcerated people are “dangerous.” However, all of these concerns are misplaced and can easily be assuaged with some background and statistics.

Assumptions that individuals who have been through the criminal-legal system are violent and a threat lack the historical and contemporary political context—most notably, the racialized War on Drugs—that drove mass incarceration, which drastically transformed the carceral landscape. Policies of broken window policing and mandatory minimum sentencing has led to the U.S. prison population exploding at 2.2 million, with a majority of inmates serving time for nonviolent, low-level offenses. The devastating impacts of mass incarceration can’t be discussed without recognizing which populations are disproportionately surveilled and preconceived as dangerous. Black and brown low-income

populations are known to be disproportionately policed and incarcerated and therefore face the brunt of harsh economic consequences upon release.

Having that mark of incarceration makes it far more difficult to find employment or get access to services, which facilitates high recidivism rates. A study in 2005 by the Bureau of Justice Statistics found that three years after release, more than 66 percent of released prisoners were rearrested, and that five years after release, more than 75 percent of released prisoners were re-arrested. Given the aforementioned racialized and classed context of the formerly incarcerated, such realities follow them to the job market; banning the box is part of a multi-pronged strategy to help rectify such an environment.

Ultimately, while the core issue facing us is not the box itself, but rather the racist prison industrial complex, this change is one part of a blueprint toward justice. Further steps to take include expanding the policy change into the realm of student admissions, structuring a targeted hiring procedure that seeks to intentionally employ those who have been disenfranchised by their arrest records and looking into other labor-related demands made by People’s State of the University. Additionally, broader expansion of the state expungement procedure. In North Carolina, Governor Roy Cooper has already begun this by signing into law a standardized expungement process in the understanding that criminal justice “should end at restoration.” While there is still much work to be done to untangle the complex web of state violence, racial discrimination and mass incarceration, this step taken by Duke is not only one that recognizes these harsh realities and seeks to ameliorate them, but further evidence that students can truly be the change they want to see on campus.

Less hate or more Big Brother?

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I fear the Greeks, even bearing gifts!” So (supposedly) spoke the Trojan priest Laocoon, urging against bringing a wooden horse into Troy. This phrase has persisted so long, I think, because it tells a basic truth about us: we often consider solutions to be clear and next steps to be obvious. All too often, we make declarations about what happens next, but do not have conversations about what that next step commits us to doing.

The year opened with the scrawling of a racial slur in the Mary Lou Williams Center. Over the weekend, someone defaced a Latinx Heritage Month Mural painted on the East Campus Bridge by Mi Gente. A homophobic threat in an East Campus dorm in 2015, another racial slur in 300 Swift last year: Duke has a problem. We want to see this problem fixed.

A common collective response to these incidents is to demand that the University “create and enforce a standardized set of consequences for acts of hate and bias

Tim Kowalczyk COLUMNIST on campus.” The thinking goes that such a policy will deter future acts of hate and bias.

Yet in our focus upon the creation of such a policy, we have overlooked the requirements of enforcing this policy. What is necessary for such a policy to be feasibly enforceable on our campus?

A hate and bias policy would be ineffective without a surveillance infrastructure large enough to identify culprits. A policy is no more than a paper tiger if it cannot be enforced against a violator. It’s a simple principle: you can’t bring a case without a culprit. The punishment that deters further malfeasance does not occur without someone to punish.

And how else would we find culprits in such incidents as these, unless we greatly increased passive surveillance on Duke’s campus? What these acts have in common—beyond a gross and cowardly hatefulness repugnant to even the least-formed notion of human decency—is that they occur when no one is watching. There were no cameras properly positioned in the Mary Lou or in 300 Swift to see who scrawled racial epithets there. It’s anyone’s guess whether the cameras near the East Campus bridge are recording.

Compare the use of security camera footage to quickly identify the suspect who allegedly inappropriately touched two female students last week.

What spaces does Duke monitor? The very public ones that are often filled with potential witnesses. We eat our meals under the watchful eyes of bug-eyed lenses. Should we pray in the Chapel, we’ll do so in the company of eight silent eyes. And should we need to get a book from the

stacks, we won’t be able to walk from here to there without being recorded.

Perhaps Duke could expand its passive surveillance beyond cafés, a house of worship and private libraries to have some chance—however small—of knowing who did it.

We’ll approve of increased surveillance until we remember that most of these acts happen in student housing and common spaces. Your dorm is your home.

Your common area is your living room. If having someone watch you in your home does not bother you, find a copy of “1984” and begin reading. More surveillance in these atrisk spaces means that your every coming and going is on the record. When you use the bathroom. What your study group is up to. How long that teary phone call home lasted.

The argument you and a good friend just had. We think that surveillance is anathema to a just society, so how could we ever think that surveillance could make a better campus?

You may think that the end justifies the means: catching the guilty party justifies the unwarranted surveillance of the innocent majority—victims and bystanders alike. If that’s how you think, call the NSA, because they have an internship for you. If we think that a surveillance state violates our rights, could a surveillance school do any less?

So, I repeat my question: how much surveillance is necessary to make something like a hate and bias policy feasible? Is this a level of surveillance we want? Would we prefer that these acts happened less, or that we don’t spend four years under a watchful eye? Or what if the solution is something else entirely? Is there a means of preventing acts of hate and bias, whether by students’ self-regulation or some new joint effort by administrators and students alike, that doesn’t involve making Duke into a panopticon?

I don’t pretend to know how best we can prevent these acts in the future. I do know that we need to be discussing this question together, as a community. We should approach this question—what does good enforcement look like?—from the axiom of the classical Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu: “A good traveler has no fixed plans and is not intent on arriving.”

We can’t assume we know the best way forward, and we need to be aware of what each path we consider could do to us as a community. I’ve outlined what this conversation could look like above. I offer no final opinion, because coming to a final opinion is something that communities do together. Those of us who aren’t the victims and first responders should lean into this conversation and work with those affected to find a way forward. Or we can sit back and say, “too bad!” when this happens next.

A policy without fair and feasible enforcement is no more than empty words—and we all know how Duke students feel about empty words. Let’s start this conversation.

Tim Kowalczyk is a Trinity senior. His column runs on alternate Wednesdays.

The Chronicle

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Duke is getting Koch money: That should worry you

W

e are only a couple of weeks removed from Silent Sam coming down in Chapel Hill; it has been just over a year since Duke University removed the likeness of Confederate General Robert E. Lee from Duke Chapel’s entrance; and the University’s history department is currently working to rename the building where it’s housed, currently named after industrialist and

Eladio Bobadilla GUEST COLUMNIST white supremacist Julian Carr.

Yet, even as students, faculty, and community members in the Triangle work to rid our campuses and communities of the painful scourge of white supremacy, other industrialist donors are quietly advancing a radical anti-civil rights ideology that may cause future generations to feel the kind of shame that Silent Sam and Julian Carr induce in ours.

Duke has recently announced that it is accepting $5 million from the Charles Koch Foundation for the “Center for the History of Political Economy,” a center initially established with funding from Koch network donor and anti-public crusader Art Pope.

Earlier this year, UnKoch My Campus exposed a network of neo-confederate academics across the nation receiving over $14 million from the Charles Koch Foundation, including professors with ties to the white supremacist group League of the South. These academics are advancing a market-fundamentalist, anti-civil rights ideology that is also fueling the violent AltRight: the Austrian school of economics.

Despite its neutral-sounding name, Duke’s Center for the History of Political Economy is a stronghold for Austrian economics, a philosophy advocated perhaps most famously

by Friedrich Hayek, who, among other things, argued for limiting democracy, who collaborated with the murderous Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet, and who called people from Egypt and India “detestable” because they were “fundamentally dishonest.”

Accepting Koch money and influence at Duke is a dangerous step—and a slap in the face to anti-racist efforts and to the work of community activists, dedicated faculty and courageous students who have been working

to build inclusive, democratic learning environment at Duke and in the Triangle.

The Duke community should not just be concerned about Koch’s growing support for corrosive ideology, but the fact that his vast “dark money” network seeks to influence politics by “leveraging” higher education—specifically by influencing what is taught, and by whom.

Duke’s contract with Koch gives the donor an implicit veto power over programming by allowing the Koch Foundation the discretion to pull their money at any time with as little as thirty days’ notice.

Even at public universities, where there is ostensibly more transparency and public oversight, the results of the Koch’s moneyed influence have been deeply troubling.

George Mason University and Florida State University, where similar multi-million dollar “donations” were distributed, apparently gave donors power to influence faculty hiring, to design ideologically-driven classes, and to cut off funding from graduate students whose topics challenged their radical, reactionary worldview. At private institutions like Duke, not subject to Freedom of Information Act requests, the potential for undue, unethical, and untraceable influence in our curriculum is even more worrisome.

For anyone who cares about academic freedom, integrity and independence, this development should be deeply troubling. What is happening on our campus today and across the nation—the Koch network now funds similar centers or initiatives at over 200 public and private institutions—is a microcosm of what’s happening in our country at large: economic and social inequality has worsened, white supremacy is emboldened by powerful backers, and history and truth are reduced to whatever the powerful say they are.

Centers like Duke’s, founded with the vast wealth of some of the nation’s most powerful corporations, seek to reshape the public’s understanding of economics and history in their favor. Such programs should not be determined by agenda-driven donors. All campuses in North Carolina should begin seeking maximal transparency and faculty oversight over the creation of privately funded programs and centers.

Eladio Bobadilla is a Ph.D. candidate in history at Duke. This guest column was cowritten with Ralph Wilson, a co-founder of UnKoch My Campus.

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018 | 15

The Austrian School did not create the alt-right

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he points which Eladio Bobadilla makes in his recent Chronicle guest column on accepting Koch Foundation money is troubling in that it assigns cause for the rise of violent nationalism in this country to a school of thought that is, based on its underpinning tenets, fundamentally at odds with the altright movement. It furthermore paints a

advances the worst tendencies of humans.

This is why Hayek, and many modern day libertarians and proponents of the Austrian school of economics, promote the notion that freedom can only exist in the absence of coercion.

Young Americans have seen a wave of nationalism sweep the United States and Europe, evoking the same fears and

Tyler Bonin GUEST COLUMNIST caricature of Nobel Prize winner Friedrich Hayek that is inconsistent with his most famous writings. I expect more from the history department at Duke.

In The Constitution of Liberty, Hayek notes that “equality before the law and material equality are therefore not only different but are in conflict with each other; and we can achieve either the one or the other, but not both at the same time. The equality before the law which freedom requires leads to material inequality.” As such, Hayek further noted that the term “liberal” in the 20th century, used by those seeking further government intervention into daily life, no longer aligned with the concept of classical liberalism, which claims a set of principles that maintain individual liberty at its core, and advocates for free markets and minimal government interference.

Hayek was well aware that the effect of increasing unchecked political power—even in the name of equality—and governmental market interference could have deleterious results. Hayek noted that the command economies of Communist states in the 20th century, lacking free market price signals that allow for both the efficient allocation of resources and reflection of consumer preferences, would be condemned to economic disorder and ultimately failure. He was right.

When looking at former Soviet states, it is easy to see that the development of coercive political power, in an effort to achieve equality of outcome, further stripped humans of their dignity and substituted the rule of law— which ensures and preserves liberty—with the arbitrary rule of man. The Soviet gulags are an example of how unrestrained political power

producing the same sinister tone that marked the darkest days of the modern West. Some view the nationalist sentiment in America as a healthy form of patriotism; that is, politicians’ concern with putting “America First” addresses the plight of average Americans by expressing displeasure with the elites who have both sold the U.S. out to foreign interests and turned their back on American tradition. Nevertheless, history has demonstrated that nationalism is an antecedent to conflict, evident in the rise of National Socialism in Germany and fascism in Italy, events which eventually mired Europe in war.

Populist movements which seek to make swift change by building up and utilizing the most extreme of coercive governmental powers leads to a violent expansion of government that curtails individual liberty and the free market principles that Hayek posited. The violence associated with the altright is thus incompatible with the points put forward by Hayek and other economists from the Austrian School.

By aligning the alt-right with the Austrian school and Hayek himself, Bobadilla conflates the principles of liberty, individualism and cooperation with an authoritarian movement that seeks to espouse populist rhetoric and promote blind nationalism. In the end, it feels as though Bobadilla’s column ignores many of the philosophical underpinnings of the Austrian school in favor of a simplified set of statements that fit a particular political narrative. That is worrisome.

Tyler Bonin is a Duke alum, masters of arts ‘14.

Dear Frances: how do I study for midterms?

D

ear Frances, This is my first year of college and things are going overall super well! Except... I have four midterms coming up next week, and I’m not sure how to prepare. Actually, I’m freaking out! Help!

Sincerely, Frightened First-year Dear Frightened, First of all, I truly cannot believe someone has asked me a question about something I have actual knowledge about. Take that, gynecologist who raised his eyebrows and asked me what I’m going to do with a psychology degree in the middle of my pap smear!

Anyway, you should probably study, and I’m going to tell you some empirically supported ways of doing so. The magic words? Spaced, interleaved retrieval practice. Not very sexy, I know. Literally all this means is that you need to practice recalling the information you’ll need to know from memory, you need to do it regularly over as long a period as possible (start now!) and you should switch up which subjects you’re studying relatively often.

Another science-approved way to study is explaining

the concepts to a generous friend, or your mom. I’m sure she’d love to hear from you!

My other advice is not to waste your time with strategies that don’t work. “Massed practice,” also known as cramming, isn’t as effective, and neither is just re-reading texts, or underlining and highlighting information. Sorry if you’re one of the people who brings 16 colored pens to class! Feel free to continue to do that if it brings you joy, but know that it hasn’t been shown to boost your retention.

Also: don’t make yourself insane! It’s fine to mess up and get a bad grade. If you do really terribly in a class or two you can even withdraw.

Though we don’t talk about it, many Duke students have done so at least once by the time they graduate. And, anyway, if there’s one thing I’ve learned at Duke, it’s that not everyone can be the best! Literally who cares! Do whatever you want! Good luck!

Frances Beroset is a Trinity senior. Her advice column runs whenever someone sends a question worth answering. Email her your problems at fb55@ duke.edu.

Mary Helen Wood | Associate Photography Editor Stressed students study in Von der Heyden Pavilion before midterms last fall.

16 | WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2018

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CAN’T MISS EVENTS SEPTEMBER 19 - NOVEMBER 17

Across County Lines: Contemporary Photography from the Piedmont Exhibition Opening Thursday, October 4, 2018 10 am – 9 pm Photography is arguably the region’s most widely practiced artistic medium.

From analogue to digital to experimental, the range of photographic techniques practiced throughout North Carolina is both broad and deep.

Across County Lines: Contemporary Photography from the Piedmont presents 39 artists in a group exhibition exploring the striking cross-currents of photographic work happening in the Piedmont region of this state.

Faith Couch, No. 1 from the series Care Free Black Girls (detail), 2017 (printed 2018).

Archival pigment print on Hot Press Bright paper, 14 x 14 inches (35.56 x 35.56 cm).

Courtesy of the artist, Durham, NC.

The exhibition blends the photography of both emerging and established photographers, with images dating from the 1970s to the present day. Subject matter ranges from portraiture and landscape to the conceptual, abstract, and experimental. The exhibit run through February 10, 2019.

VISIONARY APONTE: ART & BLACK FREEDOM Wedneday, September 19-Saturday, November 17 Power Plant Gallery

DUKE UNIVERSITY WIND SYMPHONY: MOTHER EARTH Thusday, September 27 8 pm Baldwin Auditorium

LOUISIANA TRAIL RIDERS Thusday, September 27 9 pm Lyndhurst Gallery

THE 36TH CHAMBER OF SHAOLIN Monday, October 1 7 pm Film theater at the Rubinstein Arts Center

DANCING AT LUGHNASA Thursday, November 8-Sunday, November 18 Sheafer Theater

NOVEMBER DANCES 2018 Friday, November 16-Saturday, November 17 7:30 pm Bryan Center Reynolds Industries Theater

Brought to you by Department of Art, Art History and Visual Studies, Center for Documentary Studies, Dance Program, Music Department, Master of Fine Arts in Experimental & Documentary Studies, Nasher Museum of Art, Program in the Arts of the Moving Image’s Screen/Society and Theater Studies.