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T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 2017 DUKECHRONICLE.COM

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTEENTH YEAR, ISSUE 32

UNIVERSITY

$68,000 on the line for DUU ahead of GPSC vote

BULL CITY DISCONNECT

By Jake Satisky Contributing Reporter

Duke University Union, the largest student programming body on campus, may lose about $70,000 from their operating budget. The Graduate and Professional Student Council, the umbrella student government for Duke’s nine postgraduate schools, will soon be voting on a proposal that would cut GPSC’s contribution to DUU nearly in half. Currently, each graduate student pays around $17 of their $35.50 student activities fee to DUU, which amounts to approximately $144,000 per year in total. Under the new arrangement, negotiated by GPSC President Rashmi Joglekar—a Ph.D. student at the Nicholas School—2,000 graduate students would pay the $17 fee, plus $21 for Last Day of Classes concert passes, for a $76,000 contribution in total. Activities fees for the remaining students would go entirely to GPSC. “This has been an ongoing conversation with the [GPSC] General Assembly for several years now,” Joglekar said. “I think that we really wanted to make sure we’re getting See GPSC on Page 3

FOOTBALL

Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons Duke has cut its $350,000 of funding for the BCC in half for this year, and is ending it completely next year.

Duke to redirect funding from the Bull City Connector for University shuttle downtown By Bre Bradham

Blue Devils hope to snap 5-game losing streak By Ben Leonard Blue Zone Editor

When Duke rang the Victory Bell in September, it was undefeated and optimistic that it might be able to contend for the ACC Coastal Division crown. Almost six weeks later, the Blue Devils still are searching for their Duke next win—and are on the cusp of not vs. making a bowl. Daniel Jones’ offense has Army cratered, helping Duke pick up as many offensive touchdowns as SATURDAY, Noon losses during that five-game span of Michie Stadium futility. Despite being on the field West Point, N.Y. for an average of nearly 35 minutes per game, the defense has done enough to keep the Blue Devils in games. Now, against an Army offense that devours the clock and limits opponents’ chances with its triple-option offense, Duke’s offense is going to have to get back on track on Veterans Day Saturday at noon in arguably its most winnable See FOOTBALL on Page 5

said Terry Bellamy, director of the city’s transportation department. “We’ve gone through the study For years, Bull City Connector process and updated the five-year buses have traversed Durham’s transit plan, and at this point we want Main Street, offering fare-free to hear from the users and hear what transportation from Duke’s campus they think about the service.” to the heart of the city. The idea for the BCC was born in But with the University pulling 2008 as a pilot project from Durham its funding from the service and city manager Tom Bonfield and Phail GoTriangle, the transit provider that Wynn Jr., Duke’s vice president of controls the route, and conducting the Office of Durham and Regional a study to consider changes to its Affairs. Bonfield had found $3.75 routes, the future of the BCC is million earmarked to help the city unclear. The University has plans to buy six new hybrid diesel buses, create a shuttle service downtown and Duke was asked to pitch in for students and employees to $375,000 to help the city match the better serve their demands, but Liz funds, Wynn said. After that, the Brown, Duke Student Government two came up with the idea for the vice president pilot program for Durham Duke is always looked at and Duke began paying $350,000 and Regional Affairs, says critically, and rightfully so, by per year for that the BCC Durham. Duke’s relationship the BCC. The is more about route started in making Duke with Durham is fraught. 2010 and was accessible to LIZ BROWN supposed to run DUKE STUDENT GOVERNMENT for three years the community VICE PRESIDENT FOR DURHAM AND so they could than getting REGIONAL AFFAIRS students into see how it went, Durham. Wynn said. As of right now, however, Wynn said that he was concerned changes to the route have not with providing employees a way back been announced. to campus without them having to “At this point, we don’t have any use cars as Duke moved more and big concerns [about the BCC route],” more employees downtown, and he Local and National Editor

Hope for glioblastoma patients Duke researchers discovered a therapy that patient survival time from 15 months to 27 months.

Bre Bradham | Staff Photographer Duke will divert its fund from the BCC to subsidize a new van service for students and employees downtown.

saw the BCC as a way to reduce the local carbon footprint and encourage students to get further into Durham and engage with the city. Although the goal for the route had been to service 2,000 riders per day, it struggled to meet that threshold, Wynn noted. “As much as we tried to bolster the shuttle and make it more accommodating to Duke employees, we still were not meeting the needs of all See BULL CITY on Page 3

And we’re back to lacrosse could

the

median PAGE 2

Law professor James Coleman, Jr. spoke Thursday biases in the investigation of the Duke lacrosse case.

@dukechronicle @dukebasketball |

about

the

possible PAGE 2

2 | FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 2017

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HEALTH AND SCIENCE

New therapy could prolong survival time in glioblastoma patients By Yuexuan Chen Contributing Reporter

The median survival time for glioblastoma— the most aggressive form of brain cancer—is a mere 15 months. A new Duke study, however, could help give glioblastoma patients more time than that. The team behind the research found that immunotherapy—a cancer treatment that harnesses the patient’s own immune system to fight the tumor—using a dendritic cell vaccine in combination with immune system T cells extended the median patient survival time to 27 months for the cohort studied. Collectively, the team found that this two-pronged therapy could add close to an entire extra year of life for patients who receive it compared to those that do not. “Glioblastoma is a terrible disease and still considered nearly 100 percent fatal, and immunotherapy offers some hope to these patients to extend life,” said Elizabeth Reap, assistant professor in neurosurgery and lead author of the study. Reap and her team’s findings are the latest in a series of trials carried out by the lab of John Sampson, Robert H. M.D. and Gloria Wilkins professor of neurosurgery. His team has been working on similar clinical trials testing dendritic cell vaccines on glioblastoma patients since 2010. How the dendritic cell vaccine works Reap explained that the role of dendritic cells in the immune system is to present antigens—molecules that induce an immune response—to T cells, which are a type of white blood cell that can be triggered to protect the body from infection. She added that the

dendritic cell vaccine she and her team tested does not boost the immune system like a flu vaccine, but instead stimulates the immune system to fight off the existing disease. “Anything we can get into the patients as soon as possible to increase the effectiveness of the most potent immune cells is going to be really important for us,” she said. Because nearly all patients with glioblastoma tumors also carry the cytomegalovirus, Reap said she and her team designed and trained T cells to go

after the protein pp65, which is associated with the virus. They found that the T cells targeting pp65 could subsequently speed up the body’s immune system in finding and killing the tumor. “The idea is the patient has a few [virus] pp65-specific [T cells] before, but we expand them by culturing them with the pp65 dendritic cells,” Reap said. Another focus of the study was to create polyfunctional T cells—T cells which are highly versatile by releasing a variety of

signaling molecules. Reap explained that, generally, the more functions a T cell can activate, the better the disease outcome. “After expansion, we were able to not only increase the number of [killer T cells known as CD8s], but also the number of cells that had the ability to secrete multiple cytokines, making the cells better at their job to kill tumor,” she said. The group that received the dendritic vaccine plus the adoptive T cells showed a greater increase in polyfunctional T cell counts than the group that received only adoptive T cells, according to the paper. This revealed a striking increase in killer T cells after immunotherapy.

What conclusions can we draw? Reap explained that their findings collectively demonstrated that “the patients that received CMV pp65-antigen specific dendritic cell vaccines in addition to adoptive T cells showed more polyfunctional T cells,” which are correlated with better survival in patients with glioblastoma. This particular study was a pilot—the first phase of three phases—in which fifteen patients were followed from diagnosis to death. Reap noted that because of their chosen small sample size, no concrete conclusions can be drawn yet, but the findings are nevertheless promising. Looking to the future, Reap mentioned that later trials could involve targeting proteins other than pp55 and examining how such combinations might improve outcomes. “If you can help these people survive for Yuexuan Chen | Contributing Photographer even a few more months, this is a good thing,” Pamela Norberg, left, and Elizabeth Reap, right, co-authored the study, testing an immunotherapy said Pamela Norberg, a study co-author and that uses the dendritic cell vaccine and immune system T cells. research analyst.

UNIVERSITY

LOCAL AND NATIONAL

James Coleman discusses Duke lacrosse case Stephen Miller interviewed in Mueller probe By Maya Iskandarani

assault by a stripper they had employed at a spring break party. The attorney general, who took the prosecutor’s role in the case, Although the wounds are no longer fresh, declared the students innocent of all the Duke community still remembers the charges the following April. lessons of the Duke lacrosse case ten years after Coleman said that once involved, he its conclusion. Some of them, anyway. became less concerned with whether the James Coleman, Jr., John S. Bradway students were guilty—and even thought professor of the practice of law, illustrated this there was a chance that they were. Rather, at a talk sponsored by Duke Honor Council on he was concerned with ulterior motives Thursday night. Coleman addressed possible he thought could be driving the case— biases in the police investigation and in the specifically, the motives of the original prosecutor’s handling of the case. He also spoke prosecutor, Mike Nifong. about the findings of a committee, for which “Nifong had started to make racially inflammatory statements in circumstances that made it appear as though they were intended for political gain,” Coleman said. “He was running for election as the district attorney in Durham and had never run a campaign before. It looked like he was using this case to gain votes.” Coleman noted that, had Nifong visited the house on Buchanan Boulevard where the party had taken place, he may have noticed that “the bathroom in the house was very small, unlikely that three people plus the woman would have been able to stand in alone.” Highlighting oversights in the police investigation surrounding the case, Coleman also explained that its highprofile nature focused it in a direction that caused police to dismiss or obscure facts inconsistent with the rape allegation. A DNA test taken from the accuser, for instance, produced a positive profile of a male that was not one of the accused Jonah Sinclair | Associate Photography Editor players. Instead of presenting this evidence Staff reporter

he served as chair, charged with investigating the conduct of the lacrosse team in the five years preceding the case. “I think the case was a miscarriage of justice, but I don’t think it was the greatest injustice in the history of the universe, as some people try to make it out,” Coleman said. “In a world of wrongful convictions, it was an ordinary case of injustice that affected people who were not the usual suspects. That’s what made it different.” The case unfolded over the course of 12 months, beginning in March 2006 when three lacrosse players were accused of sexual

James Coleman, Jr., John S. Bradway professor of the practice of law, spoke at an event Thursday about the ulterior motives that might have been a driving force in the Duke lacrosse case.

See LACROSSE on Page 8

By Adam Beyer Digital Content Editor

Stephen Miller, Trinity ‘07 and a senior policy adviser to President Donald Trump, has been interviewed by special counsel Robert Mueller, according to a report by CNN this week. CNN’s reporting cites several sources familiar with the investigation. Miller’s interview reportedly covered the firing of FBI Director James Comey. Miller was involved in the drafting of a memo that explained Trump’s decision to fire Comey, though that memo was later ditched due to concerns from White House counsel Don McGahn, the New York Times has reported. Mueller’s investigation has taken a more public profile in recent weeks with the indictments of Trump Campaign Manager Paul Manafort and the guilty plea from foreign policy adviser George Papadopoulos. Papadopoulos told attendees—reportedly including Miller— at a March 2016 meeting that he could set up a meeting between Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin. Miller did not respond to a request for comment from CNN. During his time at Duke, Miller wrote contoversial columns.

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FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 2017 | 3

increasing our budget by 50 percent and they’ll be decreasing their budget by five percent, so I don’t think that they will have a financial crisis, and they’ve actually confirmed that too,” Joglekar said. When asked about the validity of Joglekar’s statement, DUU President Lesley Chen-Young, a senior, did not confirm nor deny, noting that the operating budget was not public.

Jeremy Chen | Graphic Design Editor

GPSC

increase for GPSC, which currently receives only $18 of the student activities fee. If the proposal goes through, there would be more money for the Emergency Travel Fund, community food pantry and student groups.

FROM PAGE 1 exactly what we’re paying for, so we’re getting the resources that we’re putting the money towards.” The GPSC bylaws include a provision that the presidents of GPSC and DUU have to meet annually to discuss graduate students’ payments. In the past, Joglekar said, there have not been any changes made to the payment structure. Last year, however, GPSC proposed a reduction in its contribution to DUU, so the two parties have since been working closely to iron out an agreement. Graduate students are underrepresented at DUU functions, though DUU does invite them to all their events, Joglekar said. Graduate students, who live off campus, are reluctant to spend their evenings back on campus. Joglekar also emphasized the importance of a budget

We know that graduate students that are engaged with DUU really enjoy their experience, so our biggest priorities are marketing and messaging. LESLEY CHEN-YOUNG DUU PRESIDENT

She recognized that DUU’s budget would be tighter with graduate students’ decreased contributions, but added that there was no need to worry. “If the General Assembly votes for this reduction, we’ll be

DUU’s perspective Chen-Young and junior Kevin Bhimani, chief financial officer of DUU, did paint a less rosy picture of their financial situation. In an email, Chen-Young expressed her concern about how the loss in the budget would harm DUU’s programming. She wrote that she pushed for the funding structure to stay the same during negotiations because of DUU’s central role in the lives of both undergraduates and graduate students. She and Bhimani both mentioned the negative impact a budget decrease would have on programs, but did not provide details on specific programs that could be on the chopping block. Neither Chen-Young nor Bhimani was looking for alternative fundraising options at this time, though Bhimani wrote in an email that he “will be working over the next few months by starting our budgeting process earlier than usual and working with others in DUU to put the organization in the best position possible moving forward.” Moving forward Not all graduate students support cutting contributions to DUU, Chen-Young wrote, but she anticipated that the General Assembly will approve the proposal. Now, her plan is to attract more graduate students to DUU. “We know that graduate students that are engaged with DUU really enjoy their experience, so our biggest priorities are marketing and messaging,” she wrote. “We hope to have better success in confirming that graduate students are welcome at DUU events, which is not usually the case for programming boards at other colleges and universities.” Chen-Young added that DUU is also going to add a vice president of graduate affairs to its executive board. If DUU has success bringing graduate students back into the fold, the terms certainly could be renegotiated, Joglekar said. Nevertheless, she also anticipated that the General Assembly will vote in favor of the agreement next Tuesday, so any changes would have to be made in future annual negotiations between DUU and GPSC.

I Wouldn’t Be Where I Am Today Without:

as a Duke faculty member or graduate student served as an exceptional mentor for you? Nominate them for the Dean’s

Awards for Excellence in Mentoring from the Duke University Graduate School. The awards recognize the considerable efforts and accomplishments of members of the Graduate School community who embody both the letter and spirit of mentoring.

DEADLINE FOR NOMINATIONS: November 13, 2017

Details and nomination forms: gradschool.duke.edu/MentoringAward

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THE BLUE ZONE

WHO IS DUKE’S X-FACTOR THIS WEEKEND?

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FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 2017

MEN’S BASKETBALL

RETURN TRIP TO DURHAM

Grayson Allen set to match up against Elon, Santa Ana again in season opener By Mitchell Gladstone Sports Managing Editor

We all know what happened the last time Grayson Allen and Steven Santa Ana were on the same court. Less than 11 months ago, Elon’s Elon Santa Ana spun toward vs. the baseline at the No. 1 Greensboro Coliseum, Duke only for Allen to extend his right leg—the FRIDAY, 7 p.m. same fateful extremity Cameron Indoor Stadium that had brought down Louisville’s Ray Utah Spalding a year prior. Valley vs. The then-Blue Devil junior was captured on No. 1 camera as he pouted Duke on the Duke bench SATURDAY, 7 p.m. next to assistant coach Cameron Indoor Stadium Jon Scheyer, cementing himself as the latest in a line of so-called villains to play in Durham. Although the memories of that night in Greensboro may return temporarily Friday, they will likely fade quickly, overwhelmed by the excitement inside Cameron Indoor Stadium as the Blue Devils host the Phoenix at 7 p.m. to kick off the 2017-18 campaign. No. 1 Duke will then return to its home court just 24 hours later when the Blue Devils take on Utah Valley at 7 p.m. Saturday, with head coach Mike Krzyzewski poised to earn his 1,000th win at Duke. Elon put up a fight when the two sides met last December, falling just 72-61, but the Blue Devils will be heavy favorites in both contests this weekend. Still, with an inexperienced roster and a critical matchup early next week against No. 2 Michigan State, Krzyzewski hopes that his team can use opening weekend as a way to set itself up for success in the coming three weeks. “When you have big leads, you can get sloppy

Neal Vaidya | Staff Photographer

Trevon Duval is expected to return to the floor after he was suspended for Duke’s second exhibition due to academic reasons. or start getting out of character,” Krzyzewski said. “You don’t want to get out of character when you don’t know your character yet. You’re trying to develop a character, so that’s what we talked about. Stay in what you do, no matter the score or what lineup we have, so you can develop those habits. “We have a rough road with nine games in 20 days. We’re traveling a lot. You’re in Chicago, you’re in Portland, you’re in Indiana, and then you’re up at Boston College. That’s a lot, and we’ll see how these young guys do.” Fortunately, Duke will have the benefit of

Aaditya Jain | Staff Photographer

Grayson Allen will play against Steven Santa Ana for the first time since he notoriously tripped the Elon guard last December.

Trevon Duval back running the point for its offense. The freshman guard—along with fellow rookies Alex O’Connell and Jordan Goldwire—missed the Blue Devils’ last exhibition contest due to a suspension for academic reasons. With Duval as point guard, Allen will slide back into his role as an off-guard and Javin DeLaurier will likely retreat to the bench as Duke’s sixth man. Expect Krzyzewski to stick with a seven-man rotation early on— the 70-year-old head coach mentioned in a video update posted to Twitter Thursday that sophomore Marques Bolden has been sick, but will “hopefully be back by Friday.” Even if Goldwire takes some time spelling Duval, Allen has shown that he too is quite capable of manning the Blue Devil attack. The Jacksonville, Fla., native has averaged 3.5 assists per game each of the last two seasons and dominated Bowie State last Saturday to the tune of 21 points and 11 dimes. Regardless of the role or position that Duke needs Allen to fill, he will do so—and at the AllAmerican level he is capable of performing. “My first three years here, we’ve had lineups that are more spaced and smaller with four guys that are really guards out there,” Allen said. “This year, now we’re playing with only two guards, two ball-handlers. It’s different, but I like how we’ve adjusted to playing to it, and it’s not as much drive and kick stuff, it’s a lot more motion and screening.... I think we’ve all adjusted well to playing that way, and it’s a fun way to play.” Certainly, the Blue Devils’ size will come

into play against their opponents this weekend. The Phoenix have just two players taller than 6-foot-8, and together, they combined for less than 11 minutes per game last season. Still, Elon returns its top five scorers from last season, led by forward Tyler Seibring’s 14.4 points per game. Add in 44.6 percent 3-point shooter Brian Dawkins along with a dangerous backcourt that features Santa Ana and a pair of Phoenix that shot better than 40 percent from the field last year, and Matt Matheny’s Elon squad has the experience to challenge the Blue Devils yet again. Utah Valley poses a different type of veteran threat—the Wolverines boast a roster chock full of transfers, including former Oklahoma big man Akolda Manyang and 22-year-old junior Connor Toolson, who led Utah Valley’s offense with nearly 12 points per game in 2016-17. Good news could come for Duke even before Friday’s tip-off—2018 No. 1 recruit R.J. Barrett will make his college decision just one hour before the Blue Devils take the floor against the Phoenix. Nonetheless, the focus will be on this Duke team and Coach K Court with college basketball finally back in full force. “We expected to be playing as one group. That’s something coach always preaches to us, taking our individual talents and putting it into one team,” freshman Marvin Bagley III said. “I think we still have a long way to go, but we’re definitely going in the right direction.” Hank Tucker, Neel Morthy and Sameer Pandhare contributed reporting.

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FOOTBALL FROM PAGE 1 remaining game of the season. After a bye week, the Blue Devils will face a Black Knights squad that has a chance to clinch its winningest season since 1996 at Michie Stadium in West Point, N.Y.—despite not throwing a single pass Saturday against Air Force. “They’re an outstanding offensive team. They’ve got all the ingredients on offense,” Duke head coach David Cutcliffe said. “They’ve got a quarterback that’s experienced who’s playing at a high level, good backs, good receivers and tight ends and an outstanding offensive line.” The Blue Devils (4-5) will have a hard time countering that offense, with just five touchdowns in 64 drives during their losing streak. Jones has been at the center of the offense’s failures, completing just 33.3 percent of his pass attempts against Virginia Oct. 7 and throwing for just 82 yards last week against Virginia Tech—albeit in monsoonlike conditions in Blacksburg. Duke’s rushing attack that carried the team in the early going has also faded in the past two weeks along with Jones, averaging just 2.9 yards per carry against Pittsburgh and Virginia Tech. “We have to have balance,” Cutcliffe said. “We’re not throwing the ball and completing it at a high percentage. We’re not putting ourselves in position to be successful on third down with a more friendly third-down number than we’ve been getting.” The traditional rushing attack spearheaded by Brittain Brown and Shaun Wilson disappeared against the Hokies—Jones was Duke’s leading rusher, with Wilson getting just 12 carries for 38 yards and Brown earning two carries for negative yardage. After the collective offensive meltdown,

Cutcliffe had the entire offense watch film at once—usually, individual units watch tape together. Cutcliffe said he did it to hold the players accountable and remind them of what they need to improve on as a unit of 11 heading into the clash with Army (7-2). “I’ve done it before,” Cutcliffe said. “This isn’t a first-time thing. It’s before you let people get frustrated. People start talking behind the scenes. I don’t know if we had it or not, but I’m a proactive person, and the climate was there. It’s interesting how few people talk when they’re watching the film. Tape doesn’t lie.” The numbers don’t lie: the Blue Devils will be up against one of the most clockhungry teams in the country that has held the ball for an average of more than 34 minutes per game. With matchups against Georgia Tech and usually one service academy every year, Duke has a breadth of experience against tripleoption teams. Faced with the task of playing this unique offense year in and year out, former defensive coordinator Mike MacIntyre helped to build a philosophy to slow it, and Cutcliffe says his replacement, Jim Knowles, has done a fine job of continuing it. “We now have people coming to us asking what and why we’re doing certain things,” Cutcliffe said. Since MacIntyre came to Durham, Duke has been successful in slowing the Black Knights— winning three of four contests, including a 13-6 slogfest in Hurricane Matthew last year. It hasn’t been as successful against the Yellow Jackets—next week’s opponent— going 2-7 during that time despite winning two of the last three. For Cutcliffe, the formula is simple: get the offense on the field. “You have to maximize your opportunities

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 2017 | 5

for stops. They’re an offense that’s extremely efficient. They chew up the clock,” Cutcliffe said. “We’ve got to make plays ourselves on defense. You can’t let them via throws make big, big plays. Sometimes, you get so mesmerized by stopping the run that their big plays come in the passing game.” Forced to play without the benefit of the passing game last year in the torrential downpour, Duke allowed Army to convert just twice in 13 third-down attempts and rush for 165 yards—its season low at the time. Although Black Knight quarterback Ahmad Bradshaw has been woefully inefficient with his arm this year, he has been explosive when he does find receivers, throwing for 19 yards per completion. “It can easily turn into a game where they

start throwing the ball if they need to if it’s a passing situation,” Blue Devil safety Alonzo Saxton II said. After a bye week, Duke desperately needs to freshen up if it wants to make a bowl. Because of its high APR, the Blue Devils likely need to win just one more game to make it to the postseason—and this is their best chance left. ESPN’s FPI favors Duke against Army, but has it as heavy underdogs against Georgia Tech and Wake Forest to close the season. “The focus on this team is 4-0,” left tackle Gabe Brandner said. “Let’s put these last five games behind us and finish 4-0 and leave behind a winning streak into next season.” Mitchell Gladstone contributed reporting.

The New York Times Syndication Sales Corporation Jim Liu | News Photography Editor 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018 Redshirt sophomore Daniel Jones has led the Blue Devil offense to just five touchdowns For Information Call: 1-800-972-3550 during Duke’s five-game losing streak. For ForRelease Release Thursday, Friday, November November 10,9,2017 2017

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Dying on fraternity row

arlier this week, Florida State University made national headlines when administrators indefinitely suspended Greek activity on campus after the recent death of a fraternity pledge. This tragedy comes amidst a year of many fraternityrelated deaths from around the country. Last February, a Pennsylvania State University student died when his brothers failed to get him medical attention after he sustained injuries from falling down the stairs at a party. Following that, in September, a Louisiana State University student died with a .495 BAC during pledging. These high-profile cases have garnered nation-wide attention, but few concrete actions seem to have been taken to prevent similar situations. The swift measures taken by FSU’s president were a courageous exemplar of how to handle this type of event and serves as an opportunity for other universities to consider what should be done about problems within Greek life. Throughout its more contemporary history, Greek life has frequently been characterized by being plagued with different issues. While the organizations may have been originally founded on the pretense of service, they now prioritize less admirable values. One study found that eighty-six percent of fraternity house members— and seventy-one percent of non-resident members— report binge drinking. This compared to only forty

percent of college students overall who report it. Greek organizations also have a well documented role in sexual assault on campuses given that fraternity members are three times more likely than other college men to commit a rape. Although college administrators have begun to recognize these glaring issues with fraternities, it often takes the death of a student or a similarly horrifying event to spur action against the organizations. However, even

Editorial Board when a discussion of Greek life does emerge, it often takes a detached tone. FSU president John Thrasher, for example, said this week that “there must be a new culture, and our students must be full participants in creating it.” While there is no doubt that Greek life on college campuses needs to undergo a cultural transformation, this language does little to discuss what should be done to dramatically change it. Kicking Greek life off campus might not be the answer—especially at large schools with no on-campus living requirement, where the organizations would likely regroup in secret with even less regulation. Instead, administrations throughout

“In my experience as a Chronicle reporter, Professor Rasiel was courteous and helpful. That’s one reason I can’t understand how she thinks anyone is stupid enough to believe her explanation here.” —David Graham responding to “Consent required: Can professors exclude cetrain students from taking their classes?” published on Nov. 6. 2017.

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LIKHITHA BUTCHIREDDYGARI, Editor HANK TUCKER, Sports Editor KENRICK CAI, News Editor SAM TURKEN, Managing Editor VIR PATEL, Senior Editor ADAM BEYER, Digital Strategy Team Director IAN JAFFE, Photography Editor JACKSON PRINCE, Editorial Page Editor ALAN KO, Editorial Board Chair SYDNEY ROBERTS, Editorial Board Chair CHRISSY BECK, General Manager ISABELLE DOAN, University News Department Head JOYCE ER, University News Department Head BRE BRADHAM, Local & National News Head NATHAN LUZUM, Health & Science News Head SHAGUN VASHISTH, Health & Science News Head JIM LIU, News Photography Editor WILL ATKINSON, Recess Editor NINA WILDER, Recess Managing Editor SUJAL MANOHAR, Recess Photography Editor SANJEEV DASGUPTA, Sports Photography Editor MITCHELL GLADSTONE, Sports Managing Editor LEAH ABRAMS, Editorial Page Managing Editor CARLY STERN, Editorial Page Managing Editor NEAL VAIDYA, Audio Editor JAMIE COHEN, Social Media Editor JEREMY CHEN, Graphic Design Editor CLAIRE BALLENTINE, Towerview Editor JUAN BERMUDEZ, Online Photography Editor NEELESH MOORTHY, Towerview Editor NEELESH MOORTHY, Investigations Editor ABIGAIL XIE, Investigations Editor CAROLYN CHANG, Towerview Photography Editor CAROLINE BROCKETT, Recruitment Chair CLAIRE BALLENTINE, Recruitment Chair SHAGUN VASHISTH, Recruitment Chair SARAH KERMAN, Senior News Reporter KAT BERKO, Senior News Reporter SAMANTHA NEAL, Senior News Reporter LEXI KADIS, Senior News Reporter MEGAN HAVEN, Advertising Director JULIE MOORE, Creative Director The Chronicle is published by the Duke Student Publishing Company, Inc., a non-profit corporation independent of Duke University. The opinions expressed in this newspaper are not necessarily those of Duke University, its students, faculty, staff, administration or trustees. Unsigned editorials represent the majority view of the editorial board. Columns, letters and cartoons represent the views of the authors. To reach the Editorial Office at 301 Flowers Building, call 684-2663 or fax 684-4696. To reach the Business Office at 1517 Hull Avenue call 684-3811. To reach the Advertising Office at 2022 Campus Drive call 684-3811. One copy per person; additional copies may be purchased for .25 at The Chronicle Business office at the address above. @ 2017 Duke Student Publishing Company

the nation should focus on working towards a shift of culture of the campus. Requiring bystander intervention training, rape-prevention training and sober members at parties are a few steps administrations could take to help alleviate the injuries and violence connected to Greek life. The students involved must also consider their role in creating change within their social circles. Sustainable change will not emerge from university mandates and temporary sanctions—official penalties may create more careful organizations, but not necessarily solve the issue at the root. Members, instead, need to challenge the dangerous and toxic norms that pervade Greek spaces. Education regarding issues surrounding Greek life and masculinity—through organizations like Duke Men’s Project—can help members challenge the problems in their organizations. Duke must work to address these issues within Greek life that run rampant on campus as well, but in a proactive rather than reactionary manner. Dealing with issues of sexual assault as they have emerged has proven to be an abysmally unsuccessful method for changing the culture of Greek life on campus. Just as schools around the country should be doing, Blue Devils are obligated to take this moment to reflect on how both the administration and students can work to transform the paradigm of social life at our institution for the better.

Tapas anxiety

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npopular opinion: I hate tapas. Not the food itself, I love Spanish food. It’s the concept that I hate. It’s stressful, it’s mayhem, and it’s anarchy. Tapas, for those of you who don’t know, are a series of small dishes that are meant to be shared

Sami Kirkpatrick WORMS IN SPACE in place of a larger entrée. “Tapa” in Spanish means cover or coaster. The story goes that in Castile, Spain in the thirteenth century, people developed the habit of putting coasters on top of their wine glasses to keep away flies. During the rule King Alfonso X el Sabio a government mandate made serving wine without food illegal, so bar keepers in Castile began to put small appetizers on top of the “tapas” and a new way of serving a meal was born. So why do I hate tapas? Let me explain. On paper they’re a great idea: everyone gets to try a little bit of everything, you get to talk about what you’ve just had with the other people at the table who’ve just tried the same thing and you can eat until you’re full without worrying about being wasteful. Sadly, this is never how things play out in reality. A tapas dinner table is a warzone, a warzone where the bold triumph and the kind souls, like myself, are trampled upon. The first battle begins with ordering and there are three possible scenarios that can happen, each equally destructive. The first is that in which a group has one or two dominant members dictating a majority of the orders while the others sit back saying they don’t care what they get when in reality that spicy octopus they’ve been eyeing the whole time is about to go unordered. The second is when all the members of the group have strong opinions on what the selection should be, which leads to rising tensions and inevitable disappointment when a compromise has to be reached. The third is when all members of the group say they don’t care, but in reality they all actually do care and end up just getting stuff that none of them are happy with in an attempt to not offend the others. The fact of the matter with ordering tapas is that nobody leaves being 100 percent happy. But ordering is just the beginning of the problems. Once the tapas have arrived at the table, anyone with any semblance of a moral conscious is faced with this age-old predicament: do I take the amount that I actually want and come off as a d*** to everyone else or do take less and leave hungry? My personality type almost always lends itself

to me choosing the latter. I’ve never been at a tapas dinner table where I’m not extremely self-conscious about how much I’m taking. Now, this is one thing if everyone at the table is also considerate and they take turns taking more of one thing and less of another, but this is never the case for two reasons. The first of these is the inequality of tapas. Inevitably some tapas will be better than others, usually there being one or two standout tapas, and subsequently getting to have more of the better tapas is a greater privilege than having more of the average tapas. I almost always find myself at a tapas table with more brussel sprouts than anyone would ever need but only a bite or two of the filet mignon. The second issue arises when you have what I like to call a tapas bully at the table. My younger brother Finn, for example, is a grade A tapas bully. Finn believes that each person is allowed their own personal share of the tapas, but any left-over past that point is every man for himself. For instance, if a dish arrives with five pieces but there are only four people at the table, Finn will go in for his first and then once he’s done with that take the one leftover piece without consulting the table beforehand. Our family trip to Barcelona this summer ended in a heated argument over this very issue. I called Finn a greedy bastard. He called me a passive b****. And all this is only having to do with tapas with a relatively small group. Large group tapas ordering is an entirely different beast. The temptation with large groups of like eight or more is to order a number of different dishes to get a taste of everything. This is extremely flawed logic. Chances are you’ll find yourself at one end of the table with the thing you wanted at the other end of the table only for it to be completely decimated by the time it gets to you. The only way to do large group tapas is to get multiples of every dish, but my suggestion is to stay away from large tapas groups altogether. At the end of the day, the reason I hate tapas is because the meal becomes less about me enjoying food with friends and family and more about me stressing over the complicated dynamics of ordering and fending for myself when the food comes. For those of you who are thinking, “this sound like a you problem,” you’re right, it is. If you like tapas, go for it, but don’t say I didn’t warn you. Me? I’d much rather enjoy a peaceful, relaxing personal entrée. Maybe an appetizer or two to share, but no stress if Finn eats most of them because at least I know that my entrée is coming and will have me covered.

Sami Kirkpatrick is a Trinity sophomore. His column usually runs on alternate Wednesdays.

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Download new Chronicle podcast

ast Wednesday was a remarkable day not only to analyze politics and sulk in the gloom of a cold and rainy West Campus, but to pop in a pair of headphones and listen to a brand new podcast produced by the Opinion section. In our busy daily lives as Duke students. it is far too easy to get wrapped up in club meetings, hours of work, and Shooters drama. Hangouts with friends are a thing of the past, traded instead for scheduled lunch dates and pencilled-in pregames. Throughout this past semester, I have been reflecting on my ever-complicated schedule and lamenting the fact that I lack time to hear real, meaningful stories. I miss the conversations that went late into the nights, the ones that stretched my mind and my ability to understand new perspectives. In an effort to fill this breach, “Chroncast” was born. Each week, the podcast will bring short stories from Duke students and community-members from across campus, all under seven minutes so that you can listen on a C1 bus. Our first episode features columnist Mihir Bellamkonda, a first-year who authored a ubiquitously-known piece called “Milky pink.” The episode takes a small question, a profound memory, and an everyday conversation and spins it into an important life lesson.

Graphic by Nina Wilder.

Like Mihir’s story, it’s possible that this series could be seen as all too trivial. After all, each episode is a mere seven minutes, barely a fraction of a day. Yet, even seven minutes can make an impact. Weekly audio episodes may not cure your busy schedule, and they may not bring you closer to your friends. But perhaps the next best thing is to provide a catalyst for you to change these things for yourself. “Chroncast” has allowed me—and hopefully will allow our listeners—to take a moment each day to dig deeper. It’s easy to live life passively, taking hits as they come, never questioning our position on this campus or in this world. It’s easy to forget to invest in personal relationships and in stories from loved ones—to fail to challenge our own perceptions of life. Wrapping your morning commute in a short and inspiring story from a peer or friend can be an experience that motivates you to find more meaning in your own life. And in a busy and bustling day, isn’t that what we’re all looking for? Leah Abrams is a Trinity sophomore. Her column, “cut the bull,” runs on alternate Fridays. You can download the “Chroncast” podcast on iTunes and Google Play.

Download “Chroncast” on iTunes and Google Play!

Embracing conspiracies I

f a tree falls in the forest and no one is around to hear it, does it still make a sound?” Some would purport it does, and yet others may claim that an army of mythical tree elves sprint out from their oak and pine homes to catch the tree before it lands, and gently place it on the ground with such supernatural care that not a single decibel is emitted. While the former theory is certainly more believable, who is to say that the latter is not true? When posed with questions such as these, one tends to rely on a notion of “likelihood” to guide speculation. The laws of physics maintain that a fallen tree will impact the earth with a force equal to the acceleration of gravity multiplied by the mass of the tree itself, and that that force will be accompanied by an emission of sound proportional in magnitude. But it also is entirely possible that tiny creatures with hands like Jerry Rice catch fallen trees in the absence of onlookers. Without observational proof, it cannot be said with complete certainty that either situation occurs. “Probably” does not mean “definitely.” The term “probably” does not carry much weight at all. It attributes fractional levels of truth to events, which are categorically false—as they are unestablished, unproven or, in the case of the mythical tree elves, unobserved—for the simple sake of satisfying a human desire to dichotomize. We are made uncomfortable by that which is unknown, and so we unjustifiably and artificially give it truth. However, in our efforts to refute the Socratic Paradox, we distance ourselves further from the truth we seek to discover. At halftime of the most recent Super Bowl, fans nation-wide turned off their televisions because the Atlanta Falcons were “probably” going to win. On Election Day, voters across the country stayed home because Hillary Clinton was “probably” going to win. Last week, most did not bother

to read the released JFK Files because there was “probably” nothing there. The Falcons blew a 25-point lead. Hillary Clinton lost to Donald J. Trump. Then-FBI Director Richard Helms suspected at the time that Lee Harvey Oswald may have been a CIA agent—the answer to which is omitted in the documents. In each of these cases, dissenters—who wished not apply truth where it does not belong—were castigated. And as the uncomfortableness of the less

theories, but it does not mean that they do not deserve to be investigated. However uncomfortable they make us feel—and however improbable they may seem—, there is still a possibility that they are the truth. The JFK Files—as the set of documents released this past month regarding JFK’s assassination have come to be known—are actually an addition upon a set of previously released documents. The larger set includes revelations about Operation Northwoods—a

Conspiracies theories certainly do sound ridiculous; however, the world would be foolish not to at the very least entertain them... JACOB WEISS columnist

likely result increases, so, too, does the vigor with which we castigate. “Dopes” bet Tom Brady would come back in Houston, “crazy” people thought Trump would defeat Clinton, and “conspiracy theorists” believe that the American government was involved in the assassination of JFK. While challenging the outcome of a sporting event may elicit a more mild condemnation—but a condemnation nonetheless—challenges to more consequential events, like elections, and the integrity of the U.S. government inherit a stronger response. The strength of condemnation, however, does not make the challenge less valid, nor does it nullify the possibility of the challenge being correct. One must wonder if the reason why society has such a negative response to challenge results from a desire to shield ourselves from the potential of discovering less convenient truths. The world is ripe with “conspiracy”

Convention. Likewise, there may be another conspiracy brewing on the other side of the aisle, as allegations surrounding Russian interference in the elections to assist Donald Trump are supplemented by mysterious and related circumstances. Conspiracies meriting consideration also surround notably lighter affairs, such as technology and sports. Many claim that new iOS updates are intentionally designed to slow down older iPhones when released in an effort to spur sales. The absence of official studies makes this theory difficult to corroborate; however, personal testimonies—including that of the author of this piece himself—would add accreditation. In the realm of sports, the nature of professional leagues profit-driven entities has contributed to conspiracy theories surrounding events such as the NBA Draft famously in 1985, but also in recent years, as well as the awarding of the 2022 World Cup to Qatar. Conspiracies theories certainly do sound ridiculous; however, the world would be foolish not to at the very least entertain them, especially given how credible they may actually be. The term “conspiracy theory” connotes falsehood, half-bakedness and a following of eccentric wack-jobs or paranoid basement-dwellers, but the connotation is not necessarily deserved. As the JFK Files, Hacks, and founded doubts surrounding the activities of technology companies and sporting organizations show, conspiracy theories may often carry weight, and deserve to be considered with gravity. After all, if it sounds to crazy to be true, it “probably” is (true). So let’s go look for mythical tree elves.

false flag terrorist attack against American civilians and military targets that actually had been considered by the CIA. While the attack never came to fruition, it certainly suggests that the U.S. government has the capacity to commit and has committed such actions before, thus giving credence to a whole host of conspiracy theories, including the most popular one surrounding JFK. Similarly, it was once thought crazy that the American electoral process could be rigged, and anyone who believed in such a notion was labeled a “conspiracy theorist.” However, excerpts from Donna Brazile’s soon-to-be-published Hacks: The Inside Story of the Break-ins and Breakdowns That Put Donald Trump in the White House add credibility to the notion that such was the case in the Democratic primaries. Jacob Weiss is a Trinity senior. His column, Statements in Brazile’s book give weight to a host of conspiracy theories “not jumping to any conclusions,” runs on surrounding the Democratic National alternate Fridays.

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BULL CITY FROM PAGE 1 our users,” Wynn said. Now, Duke’s redirecting its funding from the bus into a shuttle for Duke students and employees into downtown. The University has cut its $350,000 of funding for the BCC in half for this year, and is ending it completely for fiscal 2018. “We are now taking those funds from the Bull City Connector to transfer them over to subsidize the new van service for students and employees downtown,” Wynn said. The new service comes in response to students in Pratt School of Engineering and Innovation and Entrepreneurship classes needing to access facilities downtown during odd hours, but Wynn said it will “probably be open to students and staff in general.” Kyle Cavanaugh, vice president for administration, wrote in an email that the current status of creating the shuttle is that “conversations continue with various constituencies to further define needs, potential options, and funding requirements.” As for the effect that Duke’s funding shift will have on Durham residents, Bellamy said GoTriangle’s evaluation of routes looks at more than just funding sources when considering the future of routes. “We look at funding, but the contribution that Duke was

LACROSSE FROM PAGE 1 explicitly, the prosecution “tucked it into about 3,000 pages of documents and gave it to the defense.” However, Coleman also emphasized that the role of his committee was not to investigate the criminal charges themselves. Rather, he was responsible for probing claims made in the press about the lacrosse team’s supposed general misconduct. “We looked into the lacrosse team’s behavior in the previous five years, relative to that of other sports teams and relative to that of Duke students generally,” Coleman said. “What we found was that they were not different in any significant way from either other teams or from other students, or identifiable groups like fraternities and sororities

making to the service was only a fraction of what it actually, truly costs,” he said. In total, the route costs about $1.1 million to operate, according to an Indy Week report. For Brown, the issue is not about getting Duke students into downtown, but rather about making sure that Duke is accessible to Durham residents. “I don’t think the Bull City Connector should be about connecting Duke students to Durham,” Brown said. “I think the Bull City Connector is about connecting Durham residents to Duke.” She said that she found out that Duke was pulling its funding via the Indy Week article, and said that she’s concerned that it seemed to be done under wraps. Brown said she is meeting with Wynn next week to discuss the University’s motivations for pulling the funds, but says the issue might be one she wants to bring before DSG to get a student say in the matter. She said that pulling the funds is an example of Duke taking a step back when it should be taking a step forward. “I think that Duke is always looked at critically, and rightfully so, by Durham. Duke’s relationship with Durham is fraught,” Brown said. “Duke has done a lot to maintain and improve that relationship and to make sure that we are being good stewards and good neighbors. I think we should do more.”

Wynn said that he sees the route changing in the future to meet the changing dynamics of the city. “Actually, what I expect to see is the [BCC] becoming both a connector and a circulator—connecting to downtown and circulating around downtown,” he said.

1.1

Amount in millions it costs to operate the Bull City Connector route Bellamy said that the city will use the transit study and user feedback to figure out if the route can better serve the city with modifications. With the impending addition of the Durham-Orange light rail, the transit scene in Bull City is changing rapidly, he noted. “Over the next five to ten years, we’re going to see the Durham-Orange light rail come into play,” Bellamy said. “During that same period we’re going to see continued innovation in the way that transportation is being provided— not only in Durham, but across the country.”

on campus. The misconduct in which they engaged was transitioned from a criminal case to one concerned with primarily the result of drinking.” political correctness. “The case was used as a club to beat on liberal members of faculty at universities and faculty who were people of I think the case was a miscarriage color, as if somehow they contributed to the false charges of justice, but I don’t think it was being made against the students,” Coleman said. “As a result, I think some of the important lessons about the case were the greatest injustice in the history lost. Lessons about how the criminal justice system works, of the universe, as some people try how easy it is to be a victim of false charges and then possibly of wrongful conviction.” to make it out. Michael Phillips, a first-year law student, said he took a lesson from Coleman’s talk. JAMES E. COLEMAN “My big takeaway was that [the lacrosse case] wasn’t JOHN S. BRADWAY PROFESSOR OF THE PRACTICE OF LAW politically motivated,” Phillips said. “In today’s age, when everything feels so politically saturated, it would be easy to Once the students had been cleared of all charges, look back at something that happened ten years ago and put the case took on a different tone. In Coleman’s view, it a political spin on it. We shouldn’t do that.”

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