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Duke accepts 7.3 percent of regular decision applicants Staff Reports The Chronicle Duke admitted 2,255 high school seniors regular decision this year, the University announced Wednesday. The University received its highest number of applicants this year, with more than 34,400 students applying for admission. Almost 31,000 applied regular decision, and 7.3 percent were accepted—a record-low acceptance rate. Another 58 students who applied early decision—but were deferred— have now been admitted as well. “The Regular Decision applicants were so impressive, not just in their academic accomplishments but even more in their engagement in learning and in contributing to their communities,” said Christoph Guttentag, dean of undergraduate admissions, in a Duke Today release. “Being able to admit only about 7 percent of them made the selection process particularly challenging for us. It was difficult to choose among the many exceptional young women and men who included Duke on their college lists.” Last year, the University’s regular decision acceptance rate was 8.7 percent. An additional 49 students who applied early and were deferred were admitted last year. The admission rate for early decision this year was 24.5 percent, which was the second most selective early decision process in Duke’s history. A record number of 3,516 students applied early decision and will make up 50 percent of the Class of 2021. Last year, 3,455 students applied early decision, and 813 were admitted—an acceptance rate of 23.5 percent.

Man-Lin Hsiao and Min Woo Kang | The Chronicle

The University participated in the QuestBridge Scholars program for the first time this year. The program is designed specifically for low-income and first-generation college students, and 36 students admitted early decision are QuestBridge scholars. All admitted students are invited for Blue Devil Days, which will be held this year during the weekends of April 13-14, April 17-18 and

April 23-24. Some students on campus expressed their surprise at the acceptance rate, which is lower than when they were admitted. First-year Natalie Popowics noted that she felt bad for the qualified students who did not get accepted. “Sometimes I wonder if I were even like a year younger, would I not have gotten in?”

she said. The record-high number of applicants could result from more people knowing about high-ranking schools and being more willing to apply, explained first-year Thien Hoang. “People aren’t getting smarter,” he said. “You’re still getting the same caliber of people, it’s just you’re getting more people who are applying, so the rate of acceptance is lower.”

HB2 compromise signed into law, University responds Staff Reports The Chronicle

Chronicle File Photo Cooper and leaders of the North Carolina General Assembly struck a “compromise” measure to undo portions of House Bill 2.

A deal to repeal House Bill 2 was signed into law Thursday afternoon. The compromise struck by Gov. Roy Cooper, a Democrat, and Republican leaders in the General Assembly removes the law but prevents municipalities from passing nondiscrimination ordinances to protect LGBTQ+ people and workers’ rights until 2020. Michael Schoenfeld, vice president for public affairs and government relations, sent The Chronicle a statement from President Richard Brodhead. “We are pleased that the legislature has moved to reverse a misguided law that has caused significant harm to the state of North Carolina,” Brodhead said. “This compromise is far from perfect. We continue to urge the governor and members of the legislature to find common ground that

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ensures equal protection under the law for every member of our community.” The NCAA had given state leaders a deadline of Thursday to repeal the law before they would move all championship games out of the state until 2022. It remains to be seen if the compromise fully satisfies the association. The compromise passed in the Senate on a 32-16 vote and in the House by 70-48—the votes did not fall along party lines. HB2 provoked nationwide outrage since it was signed into law by former Gov. Pat McCrory, a Republican, last year. The NCAA pulled its championships out of North Carolina and many businesses have boycotted the state, citing its discrimination against transgender North Carolinians. Although the Democratic Party endorsed the compromise, liberal groups across the state have expressed displeasure with Cooper, calling the law a “HB2.0.” Some conservative groups have likewise

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panned the law, which they complain does not fully address their concerns. On behalf of Blue Devils United, incoming president Max Bernell, a sophomore, noted that the repeal was not a “compromise” but instead another attack against LGBTQ+ individuals. “Passed out of an attempt to meet the NCAA’S deadline to repeal HB2, this new bill came into existence as a closed door, backroom deal that included no input whatsoever from the LGBTQIA+ community,” he wrote. “While it repeals HB2 on paper, it in actuality replaces the old bill with one that prevents municipalities from offering legal protections to LGBTQIA+ people until 2020 and outright bans protections for transgender individuals in ‘single-sex spaces’ (i.e. restrooms) forever. This bill does not just perpetuate discrimination—it makes it illegal to protect against it.”

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Arts and Sciences Council Duke biologists investigate postpones curriculum vote bacteria levels in human body Staff Reports The Chronicle The Executive Committee of the Arts and Sciences Council has decided to delay the Council’s vote on the proposed new Trinity curriculum until the Fall 2017 semester. Interim Council Chair Sherryl Broverman, associate professor of the practice of biology, sent the email to faculty in the Trinity College of Arts and Sciences. ECASC and members of the Imagining Duke Curriculum committee came to the decision after meeting to discuss how best to move forward with the proposal, she wrote. The vote was originally scheduled to take place April 13, the last meeting of the Spring 2017 semester. In an email to The Chronicle, Broverman noted that the last Arts and Sciences Council meeting provided insight into ways the curriculum proposal could be revised. “The faculty on the IDC committee would like to incorporate that feedback into another proposal before we move to the amendment and voting process,” Broverman noted. “ECASC and the deans are trying to carefully balance moving forward with a new curriculum and moving forward with the right curriculum that excites the most faculty.” The new curriculum proposal—called “The BluePrint”—has received criticism, especially at the Council’s March 10 meeting in which representatives of multiple departments said their department had told them to vote against the proposal.

Faculty members in multiple departments— including philosophy, statistical science, gender, sexuality and feminist studies, history and sociology—said they would vote against the curriculum in its current iteration. The most recent version of the proposed Trinity curriculum would restructure the first-year academic experience—called “Frameworks”—and require a course in social sciences, natural sciences and humanities during students’ first year. Concerns from faculty included a lack of information about how the plan would be implemented as well as how the FOCUS program would be used to fulfill the Frameworks requirements. Some felt that using FOCUS classes would allow students to graduate from Duke without actually having taken a class in each of social sciences, natural sciences and humanities. Frances Hasso, associate professor in Gender, Sexuality and Feminist Studies, expressed concerns that there was never a systematic study of the current curriculum to identify problems that needed to be addressed. “My sense is that the BluePrint has so many problems that I don’t think it is savable,” Hasso said. As part of the “Foundations” part of the proposal, students must take at least one writing course, one foreign language course and one quantitative studies course before they declare their major. The initial draft of See CURRICULUM on Page 8

Chronicle File Photo The Arts and Sciences Council now aims to vote on the curriculum proposal in November, explained Interim Council Chair Sherryl Broverman.

Join the Board of Directors of a million-dollar-a-year organization. The Chronicle’s publisher, Duke Student Publishing Company Inc. (DSPC), is looking for a graduate student to join its Board of Directors. The graduate position is for two years. Members gain real-world business experience as they help guide the campus news media into the future. DSPC, a North Carolina nonprofit corporation, is neither governed nor funded by Duke University.

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Go could boo st your hea lth, study fin ds Lexi Kadis

last summer. The Chronicl e I definitely I was a player, and I felt like game,” she walked more after playing Catching the catch good ‘em all could also there were said. “But during help you that time, very few Duke researchhealth, according whether playing studies looking to new this game at individuals’ Presente . levels of physical could increase Association d at an America The activity.” n month, the conference earlier Heart players— study recruited 167 who were Pokémon this them graduate studentstudy—led by to provide iPhone users—and asked nursing Hanzhang screenshots that Pokémo steps via the Xu—showed of their daily 2,000 more n Go users walked on weeks beforeiPhone Health app for steps per day. average Researchers and after they played the three “We wanted the game. could provide to see whether Pokémon number of compared the participa daily Go using nts’ people in regularan enjoyable way the app. Xu steps before and after physical activity,” to engage normally noted that When Pokémo Xu people exercise very said. who The researche reality applicati n Go—an augment large little ed playingincrease in their physicalexperienced a who did not rs found that people to capture on in which players play the game. Pokémon Courtesy who used activity after travel animated of Wikimed the app walked released in “Those that Go. creature ia Common 2,000 steps INSIDE — are s millions of July 2016, Xu was one s—was benefit a day more News 2 Sportsw more from overweight actually than those of the that try to “catchpeople who headed the game, rap Classifie spend outside to ‘em all.” and those d 9 Crosswo actually walkmore time playing “Pokémon rd 9 Opinion the game Go was a pretty more after 10 Serving popular game they play the Univers the ity since 1905 See POKEM ON on Page @dukechronicle 4 ©

Please send a resume and a cover letter to chrissy.beck@duke.edu.

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Nathan Luzum The Chronicle Bacteria live just about everywhere in the body. But despite their prevalence, scientists know very little about how these bacteria are related. Using a formula originally designed for geology, researchers at Duke are hoping to shed some light on the issue. A research team led by Lawrence David, assistant professor in the Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, developed a new method to accurately measure bacteria levels in the human body. Alex Washburne, a postdoctoral associate, explained that evolutionary biologists have long been working to construct the tree of life for larger species. But doing the same for microscopic species such as bacteria is a significant challenge. Justin Silverman, a M.D./Ph.D. student in David’s lab, added that it would be impossible to individually count the trillions of bacteria in any one person. “When we look at the microbiome, we look at very complicated communities with thousands of species, and we know very little about what all of them are doing,” Washburne said. Instead, researchers have typically relied on sampling a small portion of bacteria and then extrapolating the total number of bacteria in the body based on the sample. Silverman likened the situation to trying to count the number of colored balls in

a large ball pit. If a researcher picked up a handful of the balls in the pit, he or she could mark the colors of each ball in their hand. Then, the researcher could apply this information to figure out how many balls of each color are in the pit. However, this method comes with its flaws. “The problem with relative amounts is that it’s very hard to analyze data that only gives relative information,” Silverman said. He said that even simple things—like the subject eating a sandwich before data collection—can affect the data. Suppose that bacterial species A feeds on the digested nutrients from the sandwich, but species B and C cannot. The number of bacteria A in the body will increase while the number of bacteria B and C remain the same. However, Silverman said the traditional sampling method would actually lead to the conclusion that the number of B and C bacteria had decreased. To more accurately categorize and count the bacteria, Silverman adapted a mathematical tool typically used by geologists to study rock composition. A rock is made up of various minerals and substances, just as bacteria include a diverse array of species. “We’re finding that when we begin this marriage between biology and mathematics, there are new types of mathematical tools that are developed,” Washburne said. Washburne and Silverman both emphasized that the primary contribution See BACTERIA on Page 8

Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons The scientists developed a mathematical tool to more accurately categorize and count bacteria levels.

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A major shirt snafu: Is Duke After Trump, no drop in offering an ‘economy’ major? international applicants so far Adam Beyer The Chronicle Duke seems to have a new major. At least that’s what sophomores majoring in economics found out during “Major Madness,” an event Wednesday night for sophomores to celebrate declaring their majors. These students received t-shirts listing them as “economy” majors. Several students took to social media to joke about the error. In the “Duke Memes for Gothicc Teens” [sic] Facebook group, one student joked that Duke could bring Lil Jon to perform for the Old Duke concert but could not get the t-shirt’s wording correct.

The Chronicle’s Rob Palmisano posted, “It’s not about the economics. It’s about... THE ECONOMY!” Another student posted on the Major Madness Facebook event page asking where he could pick up his shirt if he missed the event—noting that he preferred the “economy” major shirt over a fixed “economics” major one. Sophomore Madden Osei, president of sophomore class council, told The Chronicle that the council instructed the shirt-printing company to put “economics” on the shirts but due to a mistake on their See ECONOMY on Page 8

Special to The Chronicle Replacement shirts have been ordered for the economics majors, said Madden Osei, president of sophomore class council.

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Heather Zhou The Chronicle Duke’s international applicant pool continues to grow despite some universities reporting a dip in foreign applicants in response to the Trump administration’s immigration policies. This year, Duke received 5,539 undergraduate applications from foreign citizens, representing a 17 percent increase from last year’s 4,808 international applicants, wrote Christoph Guttentag, dean of undergraduate admissions, in an email to The Chronicle. “While I don’t have precise numbers for every country, I can say that the increase this year is global, with the exception of Korea, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean, where we’ve seen something of a decrease,” Guttentag wrote. “But overall we saw a strong increase in international applications.” According to the numbers provided by Guttentag, this year had the highest number of international applicants in the past five years. In both the 2014-15 and 2015-16 academic years, Duke experienced slight decreases in foreign applicants, with the numbers fluctuating between 4,606 and 5,539 in the past five years. The number of international applicants to Duke has also outpaced the growth rate of overall applications, with the University seeing a 20.3 percent increase in international applicants in the past five years, compared to an 8.5 percent increase in the total number of applications in that time frame.

Chronicle File Photo This year has seen the highest number of international applicants in the past five years.

Duke has seemed to outpace many universities nationwide in attracting international applicants. A recent survey of 250 colleges and universities, released by the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, reports that nearly 40 percent of colleges are experiencing overall declines in applications from international students, especially those applying from the Middle East. The decrease of international enrollment in American colleges can have a great economic impact, as international See INTERNATIONAL on Page 8

Sports 4 | FRIDAY, MARCH 31, 2017

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THE BLUE ZONE

MBB PLAYER REVIEW—MATT JONES

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BRING ON THE CHAMPS

Duke has a chance to beat its Tobacco Road rival for the first time in 3 years Alex Sanfilippo The Chronicle With Duke and North Carolina entering their annual showdown both outside the top 10 for the first time in five years, the two rivals are hungry for a critical ACC win this weekend. Each team will have the opportunity to bounce back from a disappointing loss last week in Sunday’s 7 p.m. matchup at Fetzer Field in Chapel Hill, with the No. 12 Blue Devils looking to snap a No. 12 Duke two-game losing vs. streak against North Carolina. Duke fell No. 18 UNC to No. 5 Syracuse 12-11 in overtime at SUNDAY, 7 p.m. the Carrier Dome Fetzer Field last Saturday, and the No. 18 Tar Heels were dominated at home 15-7 by No. 9 Maryland. Despite being in danger of slipping to .500 with a loss, the Tar Heels represent a formidable threat to Blue Devil head coach John Danowski’s team as the defending national champions. “We were angry at ourselves,” Danowski said of the loss to the Orange. “Everybody was angry. We don’t think we played well over the course of the 62 minutes of the game. You don’t win or lose a game in overtime. There are plenty of opportunities to distance yourself over the course of the game. You win as a team and you lose as a team, and I think anybody who stepped on the field would say that if they had made one more play ,it would have turned the tide.” With a core group of freshmen that

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Chronicle File Photo Justin Guterding leads the Blue Devils with 27 goals this season heading into Sunday night’s rivalry game.

routinely see game action, there has been a bit of a learning curve for Duke (7-3, 0-1 in the ACC), especially on the road. Two of the Blue Devils’ three losses have come away from Koskinen Stadium, and Sunday will be another test to see if a youthful Duke team can withstand a hostile environment. Two of the losses have also been decided by one goal, a frustrating statistic for a team that has only won one close game all year. “At the end. you’ve got to play to win. You can’t be thinking ‘What if?’ or ‘I don’t want to make a mistake,’” Danowski said. “You’ve got to trust yourself, you’ve got to trust your teammates, you’ve got

to trust your preparation, you’ve got to trust the plan.... You’ve got to think less and play fast.” After making an impressive run in the NCAA tournament last spring en route to their fifth national championship—and their first since 1991—North Carolina (5-4) has seen its share of ups and downs this season. The Tar Heels dispatched perennial powerhouse Denver on the road before dropping consecutive games at home to Richmond and Hofstra. All four of North Carolina’s losses this season have been in Chapel Hill, and the team will need more offense to win its ACC opener Sunday.

The Tar Heels’ two leaders have kept them afloat, as Luke Goldstock and Chris Cloutier have combined for 35 goals this season and lead a team averaging close to 40 shots per game. North Carolina does not have much depth in its attack, though, and is last in the ACC with 10.6 goals per game. But the Tar Heel defense has kept it in most of its games this year, starting with its ability to prevent opponents from gaining possession. Stephen Kelly has won just shy of 60 percent of his faceoffs this season to lead the ACC, but the Blue Devils have also enjoyed moderate success in that area. Duke has won just more than half of its faceoffs this season, and senior Kyle Rowe—fourth in the ACC at 56.6 percent— will have his hands full with Kelly in a battle of two veterans in the faceoff X. “They’re extremely capable,” Danowski said. “It all starts with their faceoff guy, a senior, who is terrific. Attack-wise, they have two of the more dominant players in Goldstock and Cloutier. Defensively, they’re long, lean and aggressive. The goalie had a bad game last week and that’s not going to happen again this week. It’s the next game for them just as it’s the next game for us.” The Blue Devils will need to capitalize on their man-advantage possessions when they have the ball in order to walk away Sunday evening with a victory. Duke possesses the eighth-best man-up offense in the country, converting on 50 percent of its opportunities—North Carolina converts at a meager 21.7 percent rate, the fourth-worst in the nation. Junior Justin See M. LACROSSE on Page 5

WOMEN’S LACROSSE

Season saved? Crutchfield delivers dramatic win Meredith Cash The Chronicle Heading into Wednesday’s game, the Blue Devils had lost five of six games and looked to be barreling toward their worst season in almost 20 years after falling out of the national rankings. When No. 16 Elon stormed back from an 8-4 deficit to tie Duke at nine with less than four minutes left, it seemed as though the Blue DUKE 10 Devils’ misery was 9 about to continue, ELON with all of the momentum shifting to the Phoenix. But when Duke needed it most, AllAmerican Maddie Cruchfield scored one of the biggest goals of her life—one that maybe have saved the season for head

coach Kerstin Kimel’s team. With just 12.6 seconds on the clock, the junior launched a bullet past netminder Rachel Ramirez for the goahead goal as the Blue Devils escaped Rudd Field in Elon, N.C., with a hardfought 10-9 victory Wednesday night after Elon’s furious second-half comeback. Junior Grace Fallon led Duke with four points on two goals and two assists, with Crutchfield, Catherine Cordrey and Hayley Shaffer each contributing two goals of their own to give the Blue Devils their first win against a ranked opponent since Feb. 18. “We have not won as much as we’re accustomed to winning,” Kimel told GoDuke. com. “So I don’t care how [Crutchfield’s goal] went in, it went in and we’re happy to See W. LACROSSE on Page 5

Jeremy Chen | Chronicle File Photo Maddie Crutchfield’s goal with 12.6 seconds left lifted Duke to a much-needed 10-9 victory that snapped a two-game losing streak.

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W. LACROSSE from page 4 get out of here with the win.” Duke (6-5) started the second half of the contest with a healthy 7-4 lead on the Phoenix (8-3), and Crutchfield stretched that lead to four with a goal just 37 seconds into the period. But Elon refused to go down without a fight, capitalizing on a 25-minute Blue Devil scoring drought to pull itself back within one goal. Duke appeared to gain some breathing room when it went a man-up after Phoenix junior Abby Godfrey picked up a yellow card and Fallon assisted on Shaffer’s second goal with 5:12 remaining. However, even though the Blue Devils’ defensive strategy almost exclusively focused on shutting down offensive weapon Stephanie Asher—who already

had 36 goals on the season entering Wednesday’s contest—the junior managed to rip two quick shots past freshman goalkeeper Gabbe Cadoux to knot the score at nine with 3:41 to go. Despite having to deal with more adversity after giving up 34 goals in its previous two games, a resurgent Duke defense kicked it into high gear to force Elon into a crucial shot-clock violation with 58 seconds remaining. Although a failed clear gave possession back to the Phoenix, Ramirez coughed the ball up and Crutchfield came away with the ground ball with 29 seconds remaining to set up her stunning topshelf game-winner. “At the end of the day, it was the things we did throughout the game that made it, like going hard,” Crutchfield told GoDuke.com. “There were a lot of turnovers at the end but the game plan

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was just to go hard.” The Blue Devils struck first in the opening half, converting a caused turnover from Anne Slusser into a quick goal from sophomore Ellie Majure. Elon found some momentum from there, though, scoring four goals to Duke’s one in the next 17:30 to take an early 4-2 lead. But after the back line held the Phoenix scoreless for the final 8:59 of the opening half, Duke’s defense displayed a newfound confidence. The Blue Devils limited the multi-goal runs that cost them their last two contests and stifled Elon in the most crucial moments of the game. Their critical Neal Vaidya | The Chronicle first-half defensive stand allowed Duke Brad Smith leads the Blue Devils with five to stay in the game and reclaim its early man-up goals this year. lead heading into halftime thanks to five unanswered goals. from page 4 “We focused on a few very simple things coming into this game,” Kimel told GoDuke.com. “Our kids did a good job of Guterding and sophomore Brad Smith are executing those few simple things that we the go-to options on the man-advantage were really focused on.” for Duke and have combined for nine of Duke will look to carry its much- the team’s 14 goals in those situations this needed momentum back into ACC play season. Bur the Blue Devils went a costly when it takes on No. 11 Syracuse Sunday 0-for-3 in man-up opportunities against for its first home contest since March the Orange. 4. Although the Orange have garnered Duke is in the middle of a daunting quality wins against Boston College, four-game conference slate leading up to Virginia and Northwestern, their two- next weekend’s tilt with No. 1 Notre Dame, game losing streak may be the perfect but Sunday’s game in Chapel Hill wraps up opportunity for the Blue Devils to secure the road half of its ACC schedule. their first conference victory of the 2016“One thing we’re pretty sure about is 17 campaign. that these games will be one-goal games,” With just five regular-season contests Danowski said. “They will be 60-minute remaining and a bid to the 26-team battles. But this is the fun, this is what NCAA tournament on the line, Duke is everyone signs up for. The weather gets desperate to reestablish itself as an ACC nicer, the crowds get bigger, the games contender. The Blue Devils will need to are on national television. If you’re a New York Corporation continue The playing well Times to getSyndication back intoSales young man and you decide to come to 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018 the rankings and withstand a final stretch Duke, these are the games that you look For Information Call: 1-800-972-3550 featuring four top-20 opponents. forward For ForRelease Release Thursday, Friday, March March31, 30, 2017 2017 to.”

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Jeremy Chen | Chronicle File Photo Junior Grace Fallon scored two goals and had two assists to help Duke jump out to an 8-4 lead on the road against the Phoenix.

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Dig deeper for diversity

T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

The Chronicle

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Yesterday, we highlighted the importance of the Black Student Alliance Invitational. However, a single weekend event cannot create a sustainable, welcoming campus for students of all different communities. Ultimately we must strive daily to ensure that the picture we paint for students during recruitment becomes the image in which they find themselves during their time on campus. While recent efforts have sought to counteract instances of hate and bias with varying success, there is still much to be done to ensure that students who differ from the majority at Duke on the basis of race, socioeconomic status, family educational status or country of origin can take full advantage of the opportunities Duke affords. The majority of students at Duke fall within the top 20 percent of the income scale, and black, Latinx and international students are in the minority among Duke students. These minority students still deserve the best that Duke has to offer, beginning with administrative recognition of the “hidden” needs of these students. While international students often receive assistance in transitioning to the U.S., first-generation Americans may come to Duke with similar cultural gaps without acknowledgement of these areas for learning. The American university structure or pathways to professional programs can be completely unfamiliar

to these students. Potentially coupled with these issues, students of color may struggle with asking for help from a professorial body that largely does not look like them or understand the complexities of their experience. Students arriving from resource poor backgrounds with possibly little-to-no access to advanced coursework, skilled support staff or non-essential services may need help with tasks that are assumed Duke students should be able to perform before arriving on campus, including use of the library, wellness center and other campus

Editorial assets. Other difficulties can include understanding the cultural range of acceptable assistance like the elements of professionalism necessary to compose an email. Further, students from low socioeconomic backgrounds can struggle with self-confidence fighting class antagonism. Students from these non-standard backgrounds can be taught the ability to “switch codes” in a way that is not patronizing but acknowledges their need for assistance. Developing programing geared towards common concerns of minority students, assigning advisors with skills to work with minority students,

ensuring that campus resources such as the Career Center allow students to “start from zero” rather than presenting hurdles for utilization and introducing sustained programming throughout the first semester similar to that planned for students in the Washington Duke Scholars program are all steps toward helping these students. Such interventions will help students develop tools to be successful during their time here. Professors and support staff must also be trained to recognize a wider range of normal among incoming students and respond with compassion. Recruiting faculty from diverse backgrounds will create an environment where diverse students can be understood, but professors from more traditional university backgrounds should also be helped to gain exposure to allow them to more effectively support students they might not understand. Ultimately, the real difference between minority students and those in the majority is often the level of comfort asking for the help they need to address issues as they present themselves. Finding a single sympathetic ear can change the trajectory of a student’s career, and Duke must create more opportunities for these connections to occur. With effort from the university, students can enter Duke with rose-colored glasses and leave with a sense of self confidence requiring no blinders.

YOLO: You only Lima once

onlinecomment “The focus should be on encouraging more doctors to enter the field, not fewer, and to make it easier for people to obtain routine medical care at low cost paid out of their own pocket, and to have insurance to cover actually insurable events, such as catastrophic illness or accidents.” —Howard Ellis responding to “Rethinking healthcare,” published March 28, 2017

n the midst of the everyday stress that exams, papers and classes bring us, it can be hard to appreciate everything that is happening on our campus. The week leading up to spring break quickly turned from a short sprint to an endless marathon as assignments piled up and exams brutally multiplied. At the end of the week before Spring Break, I was exhausted. I wanted to go home, lay on my bed and shamelessly watch three seasons of Grey’s Anatomy. Instead, I had to get on 15-hour long series of planes and taxis that would wind up taking me to Lima, Peru to do research with Duke’s Bass Connections program. Our research is connected to a Duke biomedical engineering lab that engineered a new low-cost device to help bring down cervical cancer rates in Peru called the POCkeT (Point of Care Tampon) Colposcope. Our Spring Break trip to Lima heavily focused on conducting a form of research known as Global Value Chain (GVC) analysis, which utilizes field interviews from relevant stakeholders, government bodies, companies, laborers, etc. In the case of our research this Spring Break, we

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Shruti Rao

long lines of patients waiting to be seen. On the other hand, we saw the swanky private hospitals with patient lounges and the impressive public-private partnerships that brought private level care at public level prices. I learned that there are a wide range of systems in Peru and that as American researchers who invented a device to be used in “low-cost” settings we had to be thoughtful about respecting the diversity of the country and the setting in which our work was most needed. Traveling abroad to a developing country to “help” is often seen as “voluntourism.” Voluntourism refers to a rising travel trend where Americans (and people from other countries) travel to the developing world to temporarily live in a community and work on local projects. Most of the criticism of voluntourism lies in questioning whether the communities are actually benefiting from the volunteer’s work or if their presence really only helps to benefit them by padding resumes and being intrusive vacationers. Our week long trip to Lima wasn’t a classic voluntourism trip, as our goal was to do research

TAMIN G OF THE SHRU

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divided our time in hospitals, doctor’s offices, regulators, clinics, mobile van clinics and medical start-ups. Through using GVC analysis, our goal is to map how the POCkeT colposcope can be introduced and scaled in Peru to reach the most vulnerable populations. The research itself brought up a series of important questions: How do you design a device in the United States to be used in an incredibly different environment with a completely different population? How do you go about understanding what can be a complicated (and fragmented) foreign healthcare system and introducing a new type of device? Throughout my time in Lima, I found that there was often a jarring difference between the hotel I was served breakfast in and the overcrowded public hospitals I’d travel to. In the free public hospitals that were situated in Lima’s poorest districts, I was taken back by the rows of open beds with mothers who had just delivered babies or the

on Lima’s healthcare system instead of volunteer. However, I still think the conversation about what it means to be a thoughtful traveler and how to prioritize the communities you’re helping over yourself is worthwhile. When I look back on my senior year of high school and my decision to spend four years at Duke, I could not be more grateful. I chose Duke simply because I liked the gothic architecture, reasonable weather and basketball. I am now realizing that the opportunities on our campus are unparalleled and that going to Duke opened doors that I didn’t even know existed when I chose to come here. I’m thankful that Duke has taught me how to be mindful about where I’m going and the impact of my actions. I’d encourage you, if you have the chance, to step out of your comfort zone and take advantage of Duke too. Shruti Rao is a Trinity junior. Her column, “taming of the shru,” runs on alternate Fridays.

JULIE MOORE, Creative Director The Chronicle is published by the Duke Student Publishing Company, Inc., a non-profit corporation independent of Duke University. The opinions expressed in this newspaper are not necessarily those of Duke University, its students, faculty, staff, administration or trustees. Unsigned editorials represent the majority view of the editorial board. Columns, letters and cartoons represent the views of the authors. To reach the Editorial Office at 301 Flowers Building, call 684-2663 or fax 684-4696. To reach the Business Office at 1517 Hull Avenue call 684-3811. To reach the Advertising Office at 2022 Campus Drive call 684-3811. One copy per person; additional copies may be purchased for .25 at The Chronicle Business office at the address above. @ 2017 Duke Student Publishing Company

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Teachers of color and Cost beyond means diverse identities needed L

t was in the third grade that I received a note from a boy in class. He crumpled the paper up and tossed it to a friend, who he then instructed to pass to me. It said, “I’m gonna’ get you, n****r.” His handwriting was scrawled and I hadn’t heard or read the word until that very moment. “N****r.” Looking back, it didn’t even register that the boy sending the note, the boy who looked at me so angrily, looked just like me. He too was a boy of color, and I had not realized the moment for what it was until much later in my life. In the thick of one of the more divisive administrations in recent history, I think a lot about that moment with the crumpled note. I think about who I am each morning I wake before the start of first period; I teach at a school whose student body is predominately made of those of color, and currently

Jamal Michel GUEST COLUMN this administration has made for much hallway and classroom conversation. Teaching pedagogy dictates that you play the umpire. That, despite your personal code, your Omertà, you never don the jersey of the team you want so badly to play for. You simply regulate, you call fouls. What it does not clarify, however, is what to do when you have already been assigned a jersey. When you already play for a team whose numbers are slim and it behooves you to make some effort to keep your team in the game. After only a few years in the profession, the glaring truth I have come to discover is that I am quickly outgrowing this uniform of an umpire. Recently, our third period English class read Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, and the supplemental text that provided an additional lens for us to analyze his work was Ava DuVernay’s Selma. A quick side note: in the field of the humanities, we have learned to treat mediums outside of novels and literary texts as still literary texts. Resources like John Lewis’ graphic novel March: Book One, DuVernay’s documentary film 13th and even Pablo Picasso’s master mural Guernica serve as appropriate mediums that fit the “Turing test” for text authentication. They also help to highlight the divisiveness that seemingly manifested itself overnight, but was well within the framework of the American psyche for much longer than we usually like to acknowledge. With the surge in nonwhite student numbers in the country, it would seem appropriate to believe that the number of nonwhite educators is growing accordingly as well. Recent statistics, however, reveal the discouraging trend that educators of color are being less represented in the classroom. Earlier this year, Harvard Education Magazine reported that some 47,600 minorities became teachers in 2003-2004. The greater issues was that their study found by the end of the same school year, over 56,000 minority teachers left the profession—that is a 117 percent loss. As

high school students prepare themselves to become 21st-century learners, the need for teachers who identify as members of marginalized communities grows greater. These interactions in the classroom are necessary in dissolving hostile dialogue between communities closed off from one another due to political, socioeconomic and cultural barriers. During one of our lessons, a young man from my third period watched as DuVernay and company captured the volatility and barbarism that was the assault on the Edmund Pettus Bridge in one of Selma’s most profound scenes. He had his chin resting on a clenched fist. “Mr. Michel, this is making me mad,” he said. I assured him that the pain of seeing Hollywood’s version begs the question of how bystanders and participates felt during the actual event. To which he replied, “Man, I don’t

ast week, Republican lawmakers pulled the American Health Care Act (AHCA), the bill they touted as the replacement for the Affordable Care Act (ACA), from consideration by the House. One of the primary concerns raised by opponents of the ACHA was access to healthcare—the Congressional Budget Office estimated that 24 million people would lose insurance coverage under the Republican plan. The fundamental issue that both the ACA and ACHA sought to address is the fact that without government or employer assistance, the cost of medical insurance and medical care is beyond the financial means of most Americans. Simply put, the cost of medical care, and thus medical insurance, is so expensive that most Americans are priced out of the market. Both the ACA and the AHCA sought to increase access to health insurance by reducing the cost of entry into the marketplace. The ACA increased access by subsidizing plans available through

Lauren Groskaufmanis

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incredibly expensive care are multifaceted and complex. This is no one factor driving cost, just as there will be no silver bullet to fix the issue. The U.S. spends less on social services that other nations. This means that issues such as homelessness, substance abuse, and food insecurity are often addressed in medical settings. Concerns about malpractice lawsuits drive providers to practice defensive medicine— ordering unnecessary tests and imaging. A fee-for-service system financially rewards the delivery of services, procedures, and medication—not the attainment of health. Consolidation of independent medical providers and hospitals into large healthcare systems decreases the ability of insurance companies to negotiate aggressively. Many lifesaving drugs cost $100,000 or more for a course of treatment. The American government, unlike many peer nations, does take a role in regulating the cost of medical care. There is little to no cost transparency in the American healthcare system. Few patients and few provider know the cost of the services they either use or provided;

THE PICTURE OF HEALTH

know what’s worse: slavery, civil rights violence, or right now.” There is immense wisdom in the honesty of high school students. Much like that young man in third period, I too often question how we compare to those moments in history that tried and tested those trapped in the margins. Human chattel, restricted civil rights, mass incarceration, a prison pipeline built right through the public education system. These topics require sincere exploration and an appreciation for the person teaching such a lesson who happens to part of an “out group.” One of the most essential steps in education is recruiting more teachers from disenfranchised communities. It has the potential to create positive conversation on issues like transgender rights, the treatment of LGBTQ members, law enforcement and police brutality, and mass incarceration. We need educators of color, of differing orientations, of fluid identities. Not only that, but we need them engaging with our students about their lived experiences that will enlighten and inspire them. We need inclusion and diversity at the highest levels, considering how numbers at postsecondary school and beyond plummet for educators of color. The country has reached a greater state of division since election night came and went, and it is safe to presume that division coming from a lack of understanding. It is necessary that we build bridges instead of walls, that we recognize huddled masses as still human and that we read into the lived experiences of those we label “other.” Otherwise, we may one day find ourselves having to explain to our children what that crumpled piece of paper actually means. Jamal Michel is a Duke graduate and an English teacher at Northern High School in Durham. He is a featured guest columnist for The Chronicle.

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the health insurance exchanges and by increasing the number of individuals covered by Medicaid. The AHCA proposed to decrease regulation of the market, in the hope that increased competition would result in lower cost options for consumers. However, they both bills contained limited provisions to fundamentally address the greatest issue facing the American Healthcare system - cost. There are many ways to evaluate the cost of American healthcare. One way is to just look at the pure numbers. The cost of an appendectomy in the U.S. is $13,000 while a hip replacement costs over $38,000. Coronary artery bypass surgery costs just under $68,000 and the average cost for a single day in a hospital is $3,949. Approximately 62 percent of Americans have less than $1,000 dollars in savings. While this raises concerning questions about the financial choices of the American public, it also highlights how discordant the cost of healthcare is from the resources available to the average American. Another important way to gauge the cost of care is by comparing US expenditures to peer nations. In 2010, health care expenditures amounted to 17.6 percent of US GDP, nearly twice the OECD average. Our per capita expenditures were $8,233, about $3,000 more than the three next highest spenders (Norway, Switzerland and the Netherlands) which manage to comprehensively cover a much greater portion of their population with their funds. In short, Americans are paying a lot in absolute terms, and in comparison to other industrialized nations. Books have been written about the American Healthcare System and cost of care—which is probably the proper amount of writing that is needed to address the issue properly. The factors leading to our

there is little ability to compare prices. These issues just represent a subset of the factors increasing the cost of care. During the debate over the AHCA, House Representative Chaffetz stated, “Americans have choices, and they’ve got to make a choice. So rather than getting that new iPhone that they just love and want to go spend hundreds of dollars on that, maybe they should invest in their own health care.” The U.S. would be in a much less precarious situation if access to healthcare could be achieved by opting for a flip phone instead of a smartphone. However the cost of healthcare is many orders of magnitude greater than this difference. The cost of a brand new iPhone ($700) is quickly outpaced by the average cost of an individual premium, $393 per month. This comparison is particularly weak since a premium is just the baseline cost of having insurance - using insurance means paying for co-pays and coinsurance as well. Cutting back on discretionary spending is not enough to put health care within the reach of many American. Until legislation is passed to explicitly address the issue of cost of care, access will always be a problem. Comprehensive legislation must be multifaceted, addressing the myriad drivers of cost. There are many barriers to change; many powerful actors, including hospitals, drug companies, device manufacturers, and physicians, have a vested financial interest in maintaining the status quo. Nevertheless, meaningful access to care cannot be achieved without addressing cost. Lauren Groskaufmanis is a graduate student in the school of medicine. Her column, “the picture of health,” runs on alternate Fridays.

Interested in contributing to campus dialogue? Submit a guest column to jackson.prince@duke.edu.

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HB2 from page 1

CURRICULUM from page 2

He said that BDU will continue its commitment to supporting transgender individuals. “We urge the Cooper administration to better consider the LGBTQIA+ individuals and allies that worked to elect him,” Bernell noted. “The rights and safety of North Carolinians must take precedent over financial interests of the state or its legislators. While we are Duke students who of course understand the importance of basketball, we are concerned with a ‘compromise’ that places basketball over civil rights.”

the curriculum did not require a foreign language course until it was reinstated in this newest proposal—although the new proposal still differs from the current Trinity curriculum which requires up to three foreign language courses. The current draft would also lower the number of courses needed to graduate to 32, instead of 34, and allow students to declare four credit/no credit courses. According to Broverman’s email, the Council will reconsider the number of courses required to graduate and whether they should offer credit/no credit courses. These elements will be voted on at the Arts and Sciences Council meeting April 13, and the IDC committee will present a from page 3 revised proposal in September. A discussion of amendments proposed by faculty will take place in October, with a final vote expected in November. end, the shirts ended up saying “economy.” In a letter to the editor published in The Chronicle that he Corrected shirts for newly-declared economics majors have been ordered and are expected to arrive next week, also shared with faculty members, Thomas Pfau, Alice Mary explained Shanci Robinson, program coordinator for West Baldwin professor of English, wrote that this postponement was Campus for Housing, Dining and Residence Life. likely due to considerable opposition to the proposal.

ECONOMY

He added that attempts to “retrofit” the curriculum might end up being more divisive than constructive, and that “political maneuvering” would taint the deliberative process. Even if the proposal were to pass, Pfau suggested it would be on such slim margins that successful implementation would be unlikely. “I urge the University to thank the current [Imagining Duke Curriculum] committee for its efforts, which I realize were considerable, and then dissolve it,” he wrote. But Alex Rosenberg, R. Taylor Cole professor of philosophy, noted that postponing the vote was appropriate because more discussion on the proposal is needed. “The time and genius invested in a new curriculum is too great to allow the proposal to die, and the current curriculum is too much of a nightmare to allow it to remain in force any longer than we have to,” he wrote in an email. Broverman explained at the Council’s last meeting that the deliberation and vote on the curriculum was allowed to continue into the next academic year. “We have the fluidity from the administration to go until the first meeting in the Fall,” she said at that time. Claire Ballentine contributed reporting.

BACTERIA from page 2

April 3–7

Graduate Student Appreciation Week Meet star researchers of today & tomorrow The fifth annual Duke GradX talks will showcase graduate student research in a TED Talks format. Anne Yoder, director of the Duke Lemur Center, will deliver the keynote.

“How to Get the Nobel Prize in Literature” Aspiring to win this prestigious honor someday? Start by attending the April 5 talk by alumna Sara Danius, permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy, which awards the prize.

Kick back and relax Appreciation Week will culminate with the Graduate School Spring CPR (Come, Partake, Rejuvenate), offering free food, fun, and fellowship for students and their families.

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of the paper was the mathematical tool itself. This formula may be used by evolutionary biologists in the future to evaluate their hypotheses about the relationship between different species. But the researchers also made a surprising discovery about two closely-related species of bacteria within the human mouth. The team found that different portions of the mouth actually housed different bacteria, contradicting what they had previously expected. Their findings suggest that bacteria species might have diverged to match different parts of the body. “What’s surprising is that you expect, if they’re closely related, then it’s just going to be this homogeneous mixture where you see a bunch of [bacteria] all over the mouth equally distributed,” Silverman said. This is just the latest piece of knowledge to come from an untapped wealth of information about the bacteria in the human body, the researchers said. “By and large, it’s a whole new world in there,” Washburne said. “It’s almost as if we found a new planet, and we just dived right into the rainforest.”

INTERNATIONAL from page 3 students bring more than $32 billion a year into the United States’ economy. Last year, the number of international students who studied in the U.S. exceeded one million for the first time. Graduate schools appear to suffer a greater decline in international applicants, with half of them reporting smaller international applicant pools than the previous year, according to the AACR survey. Duke’s Graduate School, on the other hand, actually reported a small increase in international applicants this year. Elizabeth Hutton, associate dean for graduate admissions, wrote in an email that the number of applications to the Graduate School has increased by two percent, although this statistic does not include international applications to any of Duke’s professional schools. “There has been a slowdown in the increase of international applications we received for the past few years,” Hutton wrote, “but decrease in growth began before the current administration took office.” Hutton explained that because most applications received this year were submitted before Trump’s inauguration, the impact of the Trump administration’s immigration policies might not be visible at once. “It will be interesting to see what the international yields are for this year,” she wrote. “And there may be more of an impact on international application numbers next year.” Hutton added that the admissions office will continue to monitor the situation closely, and that for now there is nothing planned in terms of preventing loss of international applicants in response to Trump’s immigration policies. Lisa Giragosian, director of the International House, wrote in an email that although IHouse is not involved in international admissions, it is devoted to assisting every international student who has been accepted and decided to come to Duke as well as those who are already at Duke. Giragosian explained that since Trump’s executive order against immigration was issued, IHouse has collaborated with Counseling and Psychological Services, Duke Visa Services and the Center for Muslim Life to sponsor two information sessions discussing issues surrounding the traveling ban, as well as what protections international students, scholars and family members have while in the U.S.