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See Inside Duke avoids second half letdown Page 4

T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

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Grayson Allen catches fire to lead No. 12 Duke to win

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTEENTH YEAR, ISSUE 57

DUKE PROGRAM AIMS TO COUNTER DURHAM’S HIGH EVICTION RATE

By Sameer Pandhare Associate Sports Editor

With freshman Marvin Bagley III missing his second consecutive game with a knee sprain, the Blue Devils knew they would need to play through their guards to beat a pesky Virginia Tech team. Gary Trent Jr. and Grayson Allen did just that, and 12thranked Duke used its hot shooting from beyond the arc to push past the Hokies 74-52 Wednesday night at Cameron Indoor Stadium. Trent and Allen combined for 44 points and hit 12 triples to pace the Blue Devil offense. After a back-and-forth first half with both teams struggling to build a lead, Duke gained an edge near the end of the first half before using a 9-0 spurt midway through the second half to pull away. For the second consecutive game, Allen was in attack mode, and the senior made his presence felt across with the court, finishing with 25 points and six assists to match his highest-scoring outing since a 37-point explosion against Michigan State in November. “That’s the first full 40 I think we’ve played,” Allen said. “We’ve had a lot of games, it’s been 32, 36, it’s been really close, but we’ve let another team go on a run and win one of those segments. But tonight in the second half, we went on our big run and we made it a point to not let up and not let them crawl back.” The Jacksonville, Fla., native punctuated his stellar game with one of his best sequences of the season. After hitting his sixth triple of the game on a pass from Trent, Allen found freshman Wendell Carter Jr. skying for an alley-oop. On the very next possession, Carter returned the favor, finding Allen for yet another triple to ignite the home crowd and push Duke’s lead to 20 midway through the second half. Trent matched the Blue Devil captain stride for stride See M. BASKETBALL on Page 5

Evan Mapes | Contributing Photographer Grayson Allen scored 25 points and knocked down seven 3-pointers to get out of his slump.

Juan Bermudez | Sports Photography Editor From July 2015 to June 2016, almost 890 eviction cases were filed each month on average in Durham.

By Claire Ballentine Towerview Editor

Many Duke students love the new restaurants and shiny apartment complexes that have recently sprung up in Durham. The downside to this? Gentrification and rising rents that lead to longtime Durham residents to be evicted from their homes. Durham has the highest eviction filing rate among North Carolina’s ten largest counties, with one eviction case filed per 29 residents in the last fiscal year. From July 2015 to June 2016, there were an average 887 eviction cases filed each month on average. But the Eviction Diversion Program at Duke is seeking to help residents avoid evictions and their consequences. It was launched in August by Duke’s Civil Justice Clinic along with Legal Aid of North Carolina and the Durham County Department of Social Services. “Both Legal Aid and our clinic found ourselves doing more and more eviction cases,” said Charles Holton, director of the Civil Justice Clinic and Law ‘73. “We began to look more closely at the issues and found that Durham leads the state in rate of evictions per population size.” He explained that evictions are particularly troublesome because they go on your credit record, which future landlords will look at. They can also lead to the breakdown of family structures and social relationships or interfere with school and health care access. In addition, evictions often lead to homelessness or a gradual decline in the quality of housing you can get. Most landlords also hate evictions because this means they miss several months of rent coming in, Holton added. The Eviction Diversion Program was designed in part by Ben Wasserman, Law ‘17, who worked in the Civil Justice Clinic. Holton asked him to help research similar programs in other cities and adapt them to Durham. “I jumped on the opportunity because I thought it was a

Durham-Orange light rail project on hold? Could President Donald Trump’s infrastructure plan stall construction for a light rail that would connect Duke and UNC?

really cool way to make a tangible impact on Durham from a policy perspective,” Wasserman said. The program helps connect tenants with legal and financial aid to avoid displacement from evictions, he explained. When an eviction notice is served, a flyer about the program is also included and residents can call Social Services to evaluate the status of their lease.

If we hope to make a dent in the eviction process, [we] need numbers. charles holton

DIRECTOR OF THE CIVIL JUSTICE CLINIC

“We make an inquiry about that to see what else is going on,” Holton said. “Sometimes landlords will bring evictions to retaliate against complaints [from tenants].” Within 48 hours, Social Services determines if they can help with emergency rental assistance funding for special circumstances like tenants who are veterans, handicapped or have children. If tenants are willing to participate in the Eviction Diversion Program, their papers are sent over to Legal Aid where the situation will be assessed from a legal status. There are about ten to twelve law students involved in the program who work on about 50 cases a month, Holton explained. They engage in negotiations with the landlord or landlords’ attorneys, which are often successful. They can often avoid evictions going through by negotiating an exit from the lease. “If lease is salvageable, we work out those terms,” Holton said. “Then hopefully [the] case gets dismissed. There are various outcomes that are unique to each situation, but we can often negotiate out. Sometimes we have to negotiate out in court.” He noted that this work can be difficult because of the quick timeline for eviction cases. The clinic often doesn’t receive the See EVICTION on Page 8

Professor makes controversial remarks about libertarianism progress

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History professor Nancy MacLean claimed that libertarianism “seemed to be on the autism spectrum.”

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2 | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2018

Light rail plan awaits fate of state, federal funding for $2.5 billion construction By Sarah Kerman Senior News Reporter

A dim outlook for light rail investment in President Donald Trump’s infrastructure plan could be a hurdle for a project looking to bring light rail to the Triangle. The Durham-Orange light rail project—a 17.7 mile route that would connect Duke, North Carolina Central University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill—is currently in the engineering phase. This means that the basics of the route are locked in, as is the request for $1.25 billion of funding—constituting one half of the $2.5 billion project. The plan received approval from local authorities last May—when the cost was estimated at $3.3 billion—taking it to the federal stage for review. Despite the president’s infrastructure plan, Durham Mayor Steve Schewel still expressed confidence that the project will secure federal funding. “There are too many people with too many interests in these transit projects around the country for that to prevail,” he said. Schewel noted he is advocating for the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate to continue, as they have done in the past, to fund light rail investments at its usual level, despite Trump zeroing in on light rail investments in his proposed budget. He added that the project is aiming to score around $200 million in state funding and if it can do so, Schewel said he believes that will help in securing federal funding. The project will find out how much it has received in the next several months.

Special to the Chronicle The light rail would link Duke, North Carolina Central University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

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The need to persuade state and federal government officials to contribute funding has caused Schewel and the Research Triangle Regional Public Transportation Authority (GoTriangle) to meet with legislators at both levels of government in order to garner support for the project. “We need to make sure that our congressional delegation is supportive of continuing funding for transit,” Schewel said. Schewel explained that transit investments were one of the main themes brought up during the recent national conference of mayors in Washington. He said the cohort of mayors met with the U.S. special assistant to the secretary of transportation and Sen. Thom Tillis (R-N.C.) to garner support for the project. GoTriangle is also in constant contact with federal and state transportation officials throughout the planning process to advocate for the project, said Patrick McDonough, manager of planning and transit-oriented development for GoTriangle. In addition to working closely with federal and state officials to secure funding, Schewel and McDonough indicated that the project team is collaborating with Duke administrators to design the portion of the track that would be along Erwin Road, which would serve riders from the University and the Hospital. “Duke is an absolutely critical partner on the project,” McDonough said. Schewel noted that he had been in discussions with President Vincent Price and Eugene Washington, president and CEO of Duke University Health System. He added that the city, GoTriangle and the University are collaborating in order to configure the best design for the portion of the track on Erwin Road around the hospital, Schewel said. The team must consider that emergency vehicles need sufficient room to turn into the emergency room. This requires considering where the system should go aerial, and Schewel noted that there are also cost considerations when going aerial. Although the locations of the stops are set, McDonough said that other aspects of what the track will look and feel like are still topics of discussion between GoTriangle’s engineering and design teams. He noted that the regional transit authority hosted a meeting in Durham to get community input on what design themes the track should embody and that some ideas which came up were ‘grit’ and ‘Black Wall Street.’ The team will host a similar second meeting in Chapel Hill next week. McDonough added that the team is also considering locations for bike paths that would run alongside parts of the track so some riders could have the ability to bike to the light rail instead of parking and riding. Since there are several years from the project’s inception and planning phases to its completion, McDonough noted that it is possible that some aspects of the project could be modified See LIGHT RAIL on Page 8

UNIVERSITY

Council discusses Asian and Middle Eastern Studies master’s program By Bre Bradham Local and National News Editor

Duke may soon have its first master’s degree program based out of the Asian and Middle Eastern Studies Department. At its first meeting of the semester, Duke’s Academic Council heard a presentation by Carlos Rojas, professor of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, about the creation of a graduate degree program in Critical Asian Humanities. The council is expected to vote on the proposal at its March meeting. If approved, it will be the third new graduate degree program passed by the council this academic year. “We are one of few departments within Trinity College that does not have a graduate program, and we’re one of few departments of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies among our peer institutions that does not have a graduate program,” Rojas said. The proposed program is not a completely new concept for the department. AMES is already heavily involved in the master’s of arts in East Asian Studies degree offered through Duke’s Asian/Pacific Studies Institute, with AMES faculty mentoring students in the degree’s critical humanities track. If approved, the new master’s degree will be a formalization of this “ad-hoc” program, Rojas explained. It’s three primary areas of focus will be global China, Japanese empire studies and Korean borderlands. Rojas said there are certain aspects of the master’s proposal that could be preferable to the current arrangement with APSI, explaining that AMES department has a strong concentration of experts in Asian studies compared to its peer institutions. He added that the move from APSI to AMES would give the department control over hiring and tuition for the program. He said that APSI has been supportive of the proposal. The curriculum for the master’s degree would require students to take 10 courses, but students will have the chance to take some of those courses in other relevant fields as only five are mandated to be based out of the AMES department. The program is spread over three semesters of full-time See COUNCIL on Page 8

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Professor Nancy MacLean causes controversy by claiming that founders of libertarianism seem to be on the ‘autism spectrum’ By Neelesh Moorthy

The petition had 31 signatories as of Wednesday evening. “We ask that the University issue a statement condemning what she said—it’s an incredibly academically ignorant Nancy MacLean’s book “Democracy in Chains” has generated statement to make,” Michielson told The Chronicle. “It controversy, including skepticism from some colleagues at perpetuates horrific stereotypes about people on the autism Duke. After comments she made recently linking an influential spectrum. We think it would be very meaningful it the libertarian economist to autism, a Duke student created a administration would stand up for the libertarian students and petition asking the University to condemn her remarks. autistic students on campus.” Speaking at New York City’s Unitarian Church of All Souls Michael Schoenfeld, vice president for public affairs and last week about her book, MacLean, William H. Chafe professor government relations, declined to comment on the petition of history and public policy, answered an audience member’s but noted that Duke provides its faculty academic freedom question about the motivations of the late economist James without interference. Buchanan, whom she considers to be one of the founders Michielson said that he felt there was a double standard, of libertarianism. In response, she suggested that Buchanan and that there would be more outrage if a conservative might have been on the “autism spectrum.” processor were to make similar statements regarding liberal “It’s striking to me how many of the architects of this cause seem scholars or students. to be on the autism spectrum,” she said an hour into the talk. “You After Michielson posted the petition on Facebook, he drew know, people who don’t feel solidarity or empathy with others and criticism from students—including those who disagreed with MacLean’s comments—who felt it was wrong to ask Duke who have difficult human relationships sometimes.” She added that Buchanan’s parents had encouraged him to to punish a speaker. Reflecting these concerns, Michielson go into politics, but that Buchanan felt he did not have the right changed the petition to ask Duke only to say the remarks were personality for that profession. MacLean acknowledged in her inappropriate, not otherwise punish her. Two Duke professors who have criticized MacLean’s answer that her comments were merely speculation. book—Georg Vanberg, chair of Her book, published in June the political science department, 2017, argues that Buchanan offered the intellectual backing This kind of strong reaction can suggest and Michael Munger, professor of to the up-and-coming cause that a work is timely and important and political science—also weighed in on the petition. of libertarianism in the mid20th century. She focuses on lead more people to want to check it out. Vanberg, in addition to taking issue with MacLean’s comments, Buchanan’s relationship with nancy maclean Charles Koch, arguing that the AUTHOR OF “DEMOCRACY IN CHAINS” criticized her response to scholars two paired up to stealthily push questioning parts of her book. He wrote in an email that she “prefers to dismiss ideas with pop the United States into alignment with their libertarian ideals. Soon after her comments were reported, senior Hunter psychology, or by ascribing sinister motives to individuals.” Although Munger agreed that the comments were offensive, Michielson, president of Duke Young Americans for Liberty, posted a petition in the All Duke Facebook page asking Duke he added that there is some empirical evidence that libertarians to punish MacLean for her remarks. It has since been changed score differently on psychological tests than other groups. “While the way [Professor] MacLean phrased her answer to ask Duke to condemn her remarks, instead of punishing her. Towerview Editor

Special to the Chronicle Nancy MacLean, William H. Chafe professor of history and public policy, has received backlash for her book.

was clumsy, and the reference to ‘the spectrum’ is something she is neither professionally qualified to judge nor relevant—as well as being offensive—there is good psychological evidence that libertarians are different when it comes to psychological ‘empathy’ scores,” he wrote in an email. “Of course, individuals differ. But to the extent that one can compare the central tendencies of groups, it is true that libertarians as a group have lower empathy scores. That was really the heart of [Professor] MacLean’s argument, and she’s not wrong about that.” Junior Riya Dange was one of the students who commented on Michielson’s Facebook post, arguing that more important than the attack on Buchanan was that MacLean seemed to use autism as an insult. Dange told The Chronicle she was “shocked by how uninformed and offensive [MacLean’s] comment was.” Dange, a neuroscience major who has done research See MACLEAN on Page 8

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THE BLUE ZONE

TAKEAWAYS FROM DUKE’S WIN WEDNESDAY dukechronicle.com

FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2018

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SEALING THE DEAL

Blue Devils avoid second-half letdown for fourth straight game after taking lead into halftime By Liz Finny Associate Sports Editor

Duke has struggled this season with falling flat halfway through the game—losing its first half lead, as well as its energy, in the second half of losses to North Carolina and St. John’s this month. Wednesday, however, the opposite happened. After failing to find a rhythm until the end of the first half—when they went on a 7-0 run for the last couple of minutes—the Blue Devils’ chances of turning the game into a rout looked slim. Virginia Tech was looking hot coming off of a 61-60 overtime road win against Virginia, so this ACC matchup was an important one for Duke to regain its confidence after dropping three of its previous five games. Senior captain Grayson Allen and his teammates answered the bell, coming out of the halftime locker room with energy that hasn’t been seen a lot this season. “We’ve done this in the past—where we’ve come out of the first half and gone into halftime with the lead and come out of halftime flat,” sophomore Javin DeLaurier said. “We were pretty determined to not let that happen today. So, we really stressed just coming out, jumping on them and really try to stress the lead a little bit so we can play a full 40 minutes of basketball.” This young Blue Devil team has struggled to find a consistent rhythm and maintain its focus for entire games this season—either playing well in the first half and not the second, or vice versa. “So we’ve just been trying to put those two

Evan Mapes | Contributing Photographer

Javin DeLaurier came off the bench to score seven points in the second half and made all three of his shots from the field. together,” freshman Wendell Carter Jr. said. “And I think it’s starting to come together right now.” Without its star big man down low—Marvin Bagley III—Duke struggled to find an open man in the post in the first half and for most of the second as well. Eight of the team’s 12 first-half made field goals were from beyond the arc. Coupled with eight first-half turnovers, Duke finished the first half with 36 points, only eight ahead of the Hokies. The team had a renewed energy upon its return to the court.

Carter was down low playing off his double teams to find open teammates like DeLaurier. Allen got hot from deep, making back-to-back triples to break the game open and ending the contest 7-of-15 from 3-point land. Freshmen Gary Trent Jr. and Trevon Duval assisted Allen from beyond the arc, resulting in the team as a whole going 15-of-33 from the 3-point line. “Coach told us today that Gary and Grayson would have to shoot a lot of threes because they were very focused on our post,” Duval said. “They double-teamed Wendell Carter almost

every time. That left a lot of open shots for the perimeter. Coach said, shoot as many shots as you have to shoot because you’re going to be open.” The team did just that, taking advantage of its hot streak to pull away from the Hokies and saving Duke fans everywhere from the stress of a last-minute comeback. The Blue Devils were able to keep Virginia Tech to 52 points on the game—its lowest output all season. This could be attributed to the zone Duke played all game, as well as the heart and hustle by post players like DeLaurier and Carter. “We will play a lot more zone. That’ll be pretty much our primary defense, complemented by man,” head coach Mike Krzyzewski said. “We’ve got to keep figuring it out before March.” Carter had 13 rebounds on the game to prevent second-chance opportunities, while DeLaurier was 3-of-3 from the field and had a pair of dunks to go along with his effective defense. “He’s such an energy player, and we want him to just come in and play with that reckless abandon where he’s going after every shot, blocking everything at the rim,” Allen said of DeLaurier. “On offense, attacking the rim, attacking the boards. He got a lot of stuff that he tipped out to other guys, a lot of balls he kept alive, and he altered a ton of shots at the rim.” Despite the absence of its leading scorer and rebounder, Duke looked as cohesive as it has in all of conference play Wednesday and could carry that confidence into a test against No. 11 Clemson on the road Sunday.

WOMEN’S BASKETBALL

Syracuse closes with 14-2 run to rally past Duke By Conner McLeod Staff Reporter

SYRACUSE, N.Y.—A final chance to gain valuable road experience and another ACC win in preparation for the looming postseason ended in another loss to an unranked team for the Blue Devils. In its last road game of the regular season, Duke traveled to the DUKE 65 Carrier Dome, only to CUSE 68 be defeated by Syracuse 68-65 after the Orange closed the game on a 14-2 in just more than six minutes. “We just needed to stay more steady,” graduate student Rebecca Greenwell said. “We can’t be a streaky team...we can’t let [the 14-2 run] happen. We just have to buckle down, really focus on defense and get those important stops when we need them.” It came down to the wire, and with only a four-point lead with less than four minutes to play, Duke turned over the ball three times to allow sophomore Tiana Mangakahia to take over late. A steal led to an open layup, a fast-break

assist to tie the game and a 3-pointer to take the lead with less than a minute left to play. “We were just making dumb mistakes, turnovers,” Greenwell said. “They were working a lot in transition and hitting some open threes that we lost them on.” The Blue Devils had four shots to tie the game in the final minute thanks to an impressive rebounding effort, but none found the bottom of the net, and Leaonna Odom’s shot at the buzzer from the top of the key rattled out. Mangakahia, who finished with 19 points and 11 assists, did it all for her team early on, scoring or assisting on 15 of her team’s 20 first-quarter points. Duke head coach Joanne P. McCallie tried different matchups on the Australian walking double-double, with graduate student Lexie Brown, freshman Jayda Adams and even senior big Erin Mathias all trying a hand in guarding the NCAA’s leading assister. Ultimately, Brown found herself in foul trouble early on, picking up three in the first half. Brown did not let this stop her from leading her team in scoring with 20 points on 6-of-15 shooting. A plethora of injured guards and Brown

sitting out for the last five minutes of the first half due to foul trouble allowed Adams to assume a bigger role for the Blue Devils. Mangakahia’s efforts in the second quarter gave Syracuse the momentum, but Adams hit two timely shots

during Duke scoring droughts to stop the Orange from extending their runs. Syracuse shot the lights out from behind the See W. BASKETBALL on Page 5

Bre Bradham | Associate Photography Editor

Lexie Brown had three fouls in the first half, but came alive after the break to finish with 20 points and take the game down to the wire.

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FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2018 | 5

pacing the team, Trent continued to find open looks by sliding into the open holes in the defense. The freshman has been hot from beyond the arc and has now hit 20 of his last 33 shots from 3-point range. “We talked and said you’ve got to be ready to shoot it. Just shoot it, but it’s not just the release, it’s the preparation,” Duke head coach Mike Krzyzewski said. “Sometimes if you’re prepared, then it goes. If you catch it and have to prepare and then shoot, the defense has a chance to recover. He’s done a real good job of it.” The Hokies looked to make their second-half comeback behind 3-point shooting, but simply could not hit enough jumpers. As the game progressed, Virginia Tech settled more and more from deep instead of attacking the middle of Duke’s zone defense. Meanwhile, the Blue Devils stayed hot from the field, shooting 50.0 percent to pull away. “We’re finding that [Trevon] has a good driving lane with me up top,” Allen said. “Sometimes we only have one big in there and Javin can space out a little bit so it can open some lanes to drive. Wendell can get those lobs and threes and really space the floor. In saying that, though, we’d like to get Marvin back quickly so we can feed him down there.” The Blue Devils will hope to have Bagley back the next time they take the court Sunday when they visit No. 11 Clemson in another pivotal ACC battle.

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FROM PAGE 4 arc in the first half, shooting 11-of-19, led by Mangakahia and redshirt junior Isis Young, who each hit four. Greenwell knocked down three triples herself, trying to keep her team afloat in a sea of Orange threes. But her efforts were not enough, as Syracuse eventually overcame the back-and-forth game and obtained a seven-point lead heading in the locker room at halftime. The Orange knocked down 15 3-pointers in the game as a team, tying Duke’s all-time record of 3-point shots allowed in a game. The Blue Devils again put up another impressive defensive spurt to begin the second half. Duke went on an 8-0 run to pull within two points thanks to execution on the defensive side of the ball and finally retook the lead on an Odom fast-break layup off another forced turnover by the Orange. Odom finished with 16 points on 6-of-8 shooting but turned over the ball twice down the stretch. “I’m really proud of [Odom]. She really battled hard, she really did some good things out there,” McCallie said. “I know she was frustrated about some plays and things like that, but as a sophomore, I thought she stepped up. She’s got a great shooting percentage. We have to find a way to get the ball to her more.” Syracuse would not go away and continued to attack the paint, keeping it within one or two points for the later part of the third period. After blocking a layup, the Orange hit a buzzerbeating layup to end the third quarter with momentum on their side. Duke went on another 9-0 run to take a 63-54 lead early in the fourth quarter, though it could not hold on. The Blue Devil bigs once again dominated the boards, outrebounding Syracuse 36-27. The ability to limit secondchance opportunities went a long way to keep it close, but it was not enough to stop Syracuse’s offense from dominating at the end of the game. “Big shoutout to our bigs for getting those rebounds.... We worked a lot on getting O-boards and kicking it out to the shooters...but we just have to knock those shots down,” Brown said. “I know my shot wasn’t going down. Maybe I could have been more patient and found an open person.” Duke will play its final two regular-season games at Cameron Indoor Stadium, beginning with No. 12 Florida State Monday at 6 p.m.

FROM PAGE 1 Trent matched the Blue Devil captain stride for stride in the first half, as he exposed the porous Hokie defense. The freshman moved well without the ball and looked in control of the action with an efficient 19 points and five triples. Although Carter did not quite replicate his 19-point, 10-rebound performance from Sunday, the big man made his impact felt in different areas of the game with strong contests at the rim and still finished with a double-double behind an impressive second half. “They doubled on the catch,” Carter said. “They made it very difficult for any of us to get into our moods. So, I just looked to make the simple plays. Whenever they came to double, I just kicked it back out or found the open man. Just making the simple plays, not forcing the action, letting the game come to me.” The Blue Devils also turned in one of their most impressive defensive performances of the year. Despite averaging 82.7 points per game, Virginia Tech (18-8, 7-6) matched a season low in points and shot just 42.9 percent from the field. After the game, Duke attributed its strong effort to the communication that was lacking at times earlier this season. “At the top, I heard someone behind me talking the whole time, calling out guys in the middle, calling out guys in the corner,” Allen said. “Everyone did a tremendous job of talking. It’s been there in stretches, but tonight we did it for 40 minutes, which was huge.” Duke’s offense looked shaky to start the game, with eight turnovers by the midway point of the first half. The Hokies made an effort to mitigate the Blue Devils’ size advantage and forced Duke to get almost all of its baskets on the perimeter. Carter had an especially tough time with the adjustment, with four early turnovers and an offensive foul. All in all, the Blue Devils took 18 of their 26 first-half shots from beyond the arc and had only six points in the paint after 20 minutes of play. Virginia Tech had its own troubles on offense, as Duke’s 2-3 zone pressured the ball out to the perimeter to force it away from the Hokies’ main options and make Buzz Williams’ 3-point-happy squad score in the paint. Following a huge victory against in-state rival Virginia, Virginia Tech had trouble finding its rhythm early and struggled on the boards, getting outrebounded 36-19 in the The New York Times Syndication Sales game. JonahCorporation Sinclair | Associate Photography Editor 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018 Gary Trent Jr. scored 19 points and benefitted from Grayson Duke turned around its early struggles and committed only For Information Call: 1-800-972-3550 Allen’s drives into the paint to find open looks. four turnovers in the final 30 minutes. With Allen’s For For aggression Release Release Saturday, Monday, February February 19, 17, 2018 2018

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The Chronicle Our favorite fonts: It’s a no for me:�� likhithabanana Hell yeah: �� happyrock **** no: ��kenricklamar To space or not to space—that is the question:��jaffetaffy

Student Advertising Manager: ��Megan Bowen Student Marketing Manager: ��Lizzy Pott Account Representatives: ��Brittany Amano, Griffin Carter, TJ Cole, Paul Dickinson, Jack Forlines, Matt Gendell, Francis L’Esperance, Jack Lubin, Gabriela Martinez-Moure, Jake Melnick, Spencer Perkins, Brendan Quinlan, Levi Rhoades, Rebecca Ross, Jake Schulman, Matt Zychowski Creative Services: �� Rachael Murtagh, Myla Swallow Student Business Manager �� Will Deseran, Dylan Riley

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Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 7,000 past puzzles, nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year). Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay.

T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

The Chronicle

“

Failing the 40 percent

n Tuesday, a superior court judge sided with Duke junior Ciaran McKenna, permanently barring Duke from suspending him over sexual misconduct allegations. Last November, after two hearings and an appellate process, the Office of Student Conduct (OSC) found McKenna responsible for violating the University’s sexual misconduct policy, concluding that McKenna had sexually assaulted a female student. When McKenna’s second attempt at the appellate process was denied, he sued Duke for misapplying the “reasonable person standard.” His case is one of many shedding light on the extremely troubling aspects of our University’s student conduct process. Since our undergraduate seniors arrived on this campus four years ago, sexual assault at Duke has repeatedly made national and local headlines. In 2014, Lewis McLeod sued Duke after being expelled for violating its sexual misconduct policy. In 2015 alone, a first-year female claimed that she had been drugged and raped at a fraternity house off-campus, a former Duke men’s basketball player was dismissed amid sexual allegations and the U.S. Department of Education began investigating a Title IX complaint against Duke. In 2016, a former student filed a Title IX lawsuit on the grounds

“...Unfortunately we live in a society drunk on it’s own feeling of invulnerability and drowning in naivety towards how the world really works. ” —Dustin Etheridge responding to “Denmark isn’t all it’s cracked up to be,” published on Feb. 15, 2018.

LETTERS POLICY The Chronicle welcomes submissions in the form of letters to the editor or guest columns. Submissions must include the author’s name, signature, department or class, and for purposes of identification, phone number and local address. Letters should not exceed 325 words; contact the editorial department for information regarding guest columns. The Chronicle will not publish anonymous or form letters or letters that are promotional in nature. The Chronicle reserves the right to edit letters and guest columns for length, clarity and style and the right to withhold letters based on the discretion of the editorial page editor.

that the University had mishandled her sexual misconduct complaint, and in 2017, a Women’s Center employee was accused of doing the same. The frequency and gravity of these cases should worry us as a community. As we have noted in the past, our University often functions as its own municipality with its own adjudication system. At Duke, students are encouraged to report sexual misconduct.

Editorial Board However, when they do so, they enter a system that repeatedly fails them. In some ways, OSC’s role in this process is a complete conflict of interest given the University’s interest in projecting a sterling national reputation. The University simply has too much at stake, preventing it from being the fairest judge and jury to oversee such sensitive allegations. We encourage Duke to reform its student conduct process before more students lose faith in the imperfect adjudication process. Sexual assault is a clear problem at Duke, and there are innumerable factors working against sexual assault victims oncampus; our justice system should not exasperate an already painful process for victims. When

OSC mishandles sexual misconduct allegations, they siphon even more respect away from student victims struggling to recover both physically and emotionally post-assault. They eliminate any means for students to receive justice on this campus. This is not the first time we have asked Duke for reform, but hopefully, it will be the last. On college campuses across the nation, 20 percent of women report being sexually assaulted. At Duke, the rate is nearly twice that number. Here, 40 percent of undergraduate women and 10 percent of undergraduate men report being sexually assaulted, and while this report is startling, it has seemingly incited no tangible change on this campus. From the outside, it appears that many of us have simply forgotten about the 40 percent. Even a complete overhaul of OSC is insufficient to combat the culture of sexual misconduct existing on this campus. As students, we have to critically reflect on what steps we are taking—and what steps we have failed to take—toward our goal of creating a safer campus. This process begins with changing how we talk about sexual assault and by eliminating phrases that trivialize it. It involves stepping in, instead of standing by. Our University will hopefully change soon, but as students, we can definitely affect change today.

Finding humility in the other blue

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”

Direct submissions to: E-mail: chronicleletters@duke.edu Editorial Page Department The Chronicle Box 90858, Durham, NC 27708 Phone: (919) 684-2663 Fax: (919) 684-4696

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LIKHITHA BUTCHIREDDYGARI, Editor HANK TUCKER, Sports Editor KENRICK CAI, News Editor SAM TURKEN, Managing Editor VIR PATEL, Senior Editor ADAM BEYER, Digital Strategy Team Director IAN JAFFE, Photography Editor JACKSON PRINCE, Editorial Page Editor ALAN KO, Editorial Board Chair SYDNEY ROBERTS, Editorial Board Chair CHRISSY BECK, General Manager ISABELLE DOAN, University News Department Head BRE BRADHAM, Local & National News Head NATHAN LUZUM, Health & Science News Head SHAGUN VASHISTH, Health & Science News Head JIM LIU, News Photography Editor WILL ATKINSON, Recess Editor NINA WILDER, Recess Managing Editor SUJAL MANOHAR, Recess Photography Editor SANJEEV DASGUPTA, Sports Photography Editor MITCHELL GLADSTONE, Sports Managing Editor LEAH ABRAMS, Editorial Page Managing Editor CARLY STERN, Editorial Page Managing Editor NEAL VAIDYA, Audio Editor JAMIE COHEN, Social Media Editor JEREMY CHEN, Graphic Design Editor CLAIRE BALLENTINE, Towerview Editor JUAN BERMUDEZ, Online Photography Editor NEELESH MOORTHY, Towerview Editor NEELESH MOORTHY, Investigations Editor ABIGAIL XIE, Investigations Editor CAROLYN CHANG, Towerview Photography Editor CAROLINE BROCKETT, Recruitment Chair CLAIRE BALLENTINE, Recruitment Chair SHAGUN VASHISTH, Recruitment Chair SARAH KERMAN, Senior News Reporter KATHERINE BERKO, Senior News Reporter SAMANTHA NEAL, Senior News Reporter LEXI KADIS, Senior News Reporter BRENDA LARSON, Advertising Director JULIE MOORE, Creative Director The Chronicle is published by the Duke Student Publishing Company, Inc., a non-profit corporation independent of Duke University. The opinions expressed in this newspaper are not necessarily those of Duke University, its students, faculty, staff, administration or trustees. Unsigned editorials represent the majority view of the editorial board. Columns, letters and cartoons represent the views of the authors. To reach the Editorial Office at 301 Flowers Building, call 684-2663 or fax 684-4696. To reach the Business Office at 1517 Hull Avenue call 684-3811. To reach the Advertising Office at 2022 Campus Drive call 684-3811. One copy per person; additional copies may be purchased for .25 at The Chronicle Business office at the address above. @ 2018 Duke Student Publishing Company

n Tuesday night, I’m sitting in the common room of my new dorm. It’s shockingly nice— clusters of plush chairs are arranged in circles across the carpet, there are a few small TVs hanging on the white walls, and the tall, arching ceilings make the room feel more like a hotel lobby than a college dorm. There’s a person playing Chopin on the piano in the corner; she’s an elegant, wonderful pianist, and I’ve never seen her before in my life. That’s not altogether surprising, though. I don’t really know anyone here.

Cameron Beach COLUMNIST

It’s Tuesday night, and I’m sitting in McIver dorm, a little community that’s not on West, Central or East, but on North Campus. Never heard of it? That’s probably because it’s at UNC. This semester, I’m living in Chapel Hill. Let the calls of heresy reverb, but the lighter blue…isn’t so bad. When I return to Duke, I’m often asked, “What’s different over there?” The short answer is this: much more than I expected. But there’s not much value in listing differences—value comes from the way comparison helps you understand your home. It’s difficult to measure something without a ruler: how can we know we like the taste of chocolate ice cream, if it’s the only flavor we’ve ever tried? Do we really understand Duke if it’s all we’ve ever known? So perhaps it’s not so ironic that I’ve never felt more present at Duke than when I’m… Not. But after a month at UNC, many trips home and countless scribbles in my journal, there’s still one phenomenon that puzzles me. After the initial “What’s different there?”, the questions from my Duke friends usually go something like this. “Why are you in Perkins? Do you even have homework?” “Do you have to go to class there?” “You must have so much free time now!” I first found myself playing along with the jokes. “Even I have work, too,” I’d laugh, soon turning back to my reading. I thought they were right: during the beginning of the semester, my assignments were less challenging than they’d been at Duke. But as the comments continued and my work became difficult, I started to feel a strange discomfort. “No, it still takes a lot of time,” I’d respond. “No, the classes are very similar.” One day, after an exclamation of “Weird to see you doing work!” I decided to stop responding and start asking questions back. “Why do you say that?” I asked my Duke friend. “I mean, it has to be way easier, right? I was just wondering.” He walked off, and I sat there, thinking about why—of all the things people could ask about Chapel Hill—class difficulty is the one we just can’t shake.

There’s an idea that snakes its way through all these trivial quips and questions: smart students come to Duke, and the smarter the students, the harder the classwork is. While it’s not wrong that Duke is known to be an intellectually demanding place, there’s something problematic that seems to accompany this notion: smarter students and harder classwork means Duke is better, we are better, and smarter is better. The “better” I’m talking about isn’t better job prospects, and it isn’t better resumes. It’s a vast, shadowy sense of superiority—never spoken, always implied—that becomes clear when you take a step back and look at campus as an outsider. “Do you even have homework?” “Do you have to go to class there?” “You must have so much free time now!” These are silly, meaningless questions, but I suspect they betray the way many of us think: the smarter you are, the more value you have. As soon as I was old enough to consider myself “smart,” I began the pernicious practice of tying my self-worth to my intellect. I was “pretty good” at most things. I was a decent athlete, but no prodigy; okaylooking, but not a model. What I did have was my brain. Over and over, it was what I was praised for, what I was noticed for, and what I was valued for. My teachers, employers and even parents treated it as some kind of exceptional birthright; I treated it as the only thing that made me special. And so I began creating a value system that benefitted me: the smarter you are, the more valuable you are. To various degrees, I think many good students construct this kind of paradigm. There is a sense of inherent worth in picking through a dense paper, in the ability to write that essay faster than a friend, in tests and grades and academic performance. But when that sense of worth and value leads to the elevation of one person over another—manifesting in the condescension of “Is that even real work?” or “Do you actually have to study?”—it becomes less justified and more… Stupid. If you asked North Carolina what it thinks of Duke, it would probably say something like this: snobby, spoiled and presumptuous. In my two years, I haven’t met a single individual who behaves in those ways, but as a collective, it’s no wonder we give off a better-than-thou air. Maybe we actually believe it. The more we internalize that smartness inheres superiority, the easier it becomes to believe we have everything to teach and nothing to learn. But we have a lot to learn—as individuals, as partners, and as a campus. The mark of true intelligence is opening ourselves up to challenge what we prioritize, how we think and what we consider valuable. It is the humility to know what we don’t know, and the acknowledgment that we have everything to learn from those around us. Cameron Beach is a Trinity sophomore. Her column runs on alternate Fridays.

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YT: International protégé of mystery

onday and Tuesday of this week were exciting days on Duke’s campus due to the annual Young Trustee election. This election, in which students elect a fellow undergraduate to a three-year position on the Board of Trustees, is a staple of spring semester. While students are feeling overwhelmed with tenting,

Friday Friday OFF=BRAND MONDAY MONDAY midterms, and internship applications, advocating for the Young Trustee candidate of their choice allows them to have sliver of control of their hectic Duke life. For the weeks leading up to the election, Duke students’ Facebook feeds were flooded with temporary profile pics with vociferous captions using awkwardly vague phrases such as, “sociocultural engagement” and “dynamic, peopledriven mover and shaker.” Social gerrymandering became evident as various student groups endorsed the candidates. Many students reported having a common experience of wondering, “Wait, how in the world does this candidate and my friend know each other?” The answer, however, was simple: both people were members of the Duke Society for Saving Endangered Shellfish, which meets once a year in the attic of the Divinity School. Freshman GroupMe’s resurfaced, with that girl on your hall who never spoke to you except that one time during O-Week when she thought you kinda looked like someone from her high school writing that she “really valued everyone’s voice and vote, and thus encouraged everyone to exercise his or her democratic right as a student and vote in the Young Trustee election! *aggressively smiling emoji*.” Brightly-colored posters were circulated all around campus, and short-lived promotional Instagram accounts followed every person with “Duke” in his or her bio. For 24 hours, Duke was split into sanctions, each proclaiming the virtues of their candidate. The Chronicle spent the day in which the ballot was live to survey students about their opinions and thoughts about the hotly contested election. The first question The Chronicle asked students who were wandering the BC Plaza was to name three current members of the Board of Trustees. Most students could recall that Apple CEO Tim Cook and NBA Commissioner Adam Silver sat on the board, but when they were pushed to name a third member, the most common response was an ode to the blinking white guy meme. Students were then asked if they knew what the role of the Young Trustee was, with most students confidently answering, “Yeah, they sit on the

Board and learn about the internal processes that contribute to decision-making and the university.” However, when The Chronicle asked students to specify about the details of the Young Trustee’s role, several theories as to the particulars of the job were thrown out. Below are a few of the most compelling theories. “The Young Trustee is essentially a coffeefetching intern for the Board. Except, instead of the YT getting macchiatos and cold brews, he or she has to bring the Board a UNC graduate’s skull filled with finely-aged red wine. It’s not like a weird thing, it’s just a sign of respect and authority. Like LBJ whipping out his, well, you know.” “Clealy the YT is inducted to the upper echelons of the business community, like, immediately. All the board meetings are held on a yacht, and all the CEOs of different consulting companies lounge on the deck and gamble away their second-born children. The YT is there to organize events. Like, shuffleboard at 8 p.m. and laughing at the less fortunate at 9.” “They all go to the big glass Apple Store in NYC. Underneath it is a giant vault that contains all of Duke’s endowment money. The board sets up a giant dart game, and who ever loses has to find donations to build something new on campus. I heard that Adam Silver is looking for backers to build a new table tennis facility. The YT is in charge of picking up the darts using golden tongs.” While the actual role of the Young Trustee may remain shrouded in mystery, and probably old cloaks that are worn only during a full moon, Duke now indeed knows who will fill the position. On Tuesday, it was announced that Amy Kramer will be Duke’s newest Young Trustee. Eyewitnesses report that eagles were seen soaring near Kramer’s dorm. The eagles reportedly carried baskets full of paperback copies of Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged” and discount coupons to Macy’s. The eagles then reportedly locked eyes with Amy, then disappeared in a puff of smoke that smelled of wood chips and a ticket straight to Wall Street. As profiles pictures change from campaign photos to UNC game homages, campus shall settle back into the blissful ignorance surrounding the going-ons of the Board of Trustees. As for Friday Friday’s favorite YT theory, let’s just say that the creaking you hear in the dead of night isn’t the old wood boards in the walls, but a sneaky Amy Kramer, searching for that special idea that will rightfully place Duke back above UPenn. Friday Friday is an anonymous satirical column that runs on opposite Fridays. Friday Friday would like to encourage readers to check out their Soundcloud ego,“Yung Tru$$tee.” Friday Friday would also like readers to take note that a classic Merlot tastes best in the aforementioned drinking vessels.

Interested in making your voice heard on campus? Submit a letter to the editor on www.dukechronicle.com or a guest column to jackson.prince@duke.edu.

FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2018 | 7

‘War and Peace’ and Shooters

t the risk of sounding like a pretentious tool, here’s a thought I had recently: Greek life is kind of like War and Peace. I know, I know. What could possibly be worse than a college student talking about an esoteric book he certainly doesn’t have all that profound opinions about (and may or may not have also only read half of so far) combined with his derivative takes on Duke’s social scene? But just bear

Sami Kirkpatrick WORMS IN SPACE with me, I promise I’ll try to keep this fun. War and Peace, Leo Tolstoy’s seminal 19th century novel, follows the events of Napoleon’s invasion of Russia through eyes of Russia’s political and military elite. It’s long. There’s a lot of characters. There’s some war bits, a ton of dinner parties and even more philosophical diatribes. I’m currently reading it for a Tolstoy class I’m in and in addition to it making me feel very intellectual and fancy, it’s also surprised me as to how similar the Duke I know is to 19th century Russian society. To start there’s a comparable amount of vodka, although I assume Dolokhov isn’t taking pulls from plastic Aristocrat handles. There’s also a similar constant stream of parties, attended by the same people you see at every other party of the same variety. And just like how a dinner party or salon is deemed a success if enough Bolkonsys, Bezukhovs or other noteworthy families are there, the success of a frat party is judged by how many girls from certain sororities you can convince to make the trek out to The Barn. The primary conflict of the novel may be against Napoleon and the French army, but many members of the Russian elite seem much more concerned with their societal status and making sure their posterity remains wealthy and relevant for generations to come. Many Greek Duke students also have a tendency to at times prioritize things like social status or the arbitrary ranking of their group over things like genuine friendship or schoolwork. Just as an aristocratic family falls into misfortune with a bad economic year or ineffective generation of heirs, a Greek organization falls down the social ladder by wielding a “bad” pledge class (whatever that means) or going on social probation. Conversely, a member of a lesser or declining family can increase his or her social capital by marrying up, just like so many Duke Greek members decide to hook up with someone primarily based off of the letters with which they’re associated. My favorite scene in the novel so far would have to be Natasha and Prince Andrei’s first dance. It’s an elegantly picturesque start to a budding romance (ignoring the fact that Natasha is sixteen and Andrei is 31). The giddy Natasha waits patiently at her first grand ball for someone to ask her to dance, and just as she is about to lose hope the handsome and beloved Prince Andrei sweeps her off her feet as the two glide gracefully over the ballroom floor. Reading this I was reminded of a similar scene I had witnessed at Shooters three months prior. It was a Thursday. I had intended to go to Devines but didn’t realize that a sorority event had switched it to a Shooters night. My friends and I should have turned back then, but we didn’t and now I found myself sitting on the balcony staring out over a sparsely populated dance floor. I was just about to call it a night when a magnificent occurrence began to unfold before my eyes. Two lone wolves lock eyes, twenty feet or so between them. It’s not nearly crowded enough for either to claim they had lost their friends, so they had either come alone or decided to stay longer after their friends had left in order to pick up the post 1 am scraps. You can see in their eyes neither one is the others first choice, but it was late. “I guess this will have to do,” they thought to themselves. They begin to close the gap, slowly advancing while simultaneously dancing awkwardly to Stacy’s Mom playing in the background. The world around them is loud and hectic, but to these two strangers all that matters in this moment is one another. The gap narrows. Just as they’re about to make contact, the girl does a 180, backs up to the boy’s crotch and begins to sway. This continues for an uncomfortable amount of time. Suddenly boy makes his move. The ole’ Shooters neck twist, where the girl remains facing away from the guy, grinding on him but contorting her head around so they can kiss. This lasts about a minute or so, the two aggressively going at it on a now almost entirely empty dance floor, when finally, they exchange words and exit the building hand-in-hand, defeated and disappointed. Two lovers alone at Shooters on a Thursday night. Prince Andrei finds his Natasha. But alas it is not meant to be. Natasha has fallen in love before and she will fall in love again. Tomorrow Duke’s aristocratic families will be on full display in Perkins occupying their respective floors. They will talk about who has been invited to which ball as Natasha and Prince Andrei avoid making eye contact as they pass by one another. All the while the common enemy in Chapel Hill grows closer and closer. Sami Kirkpatrick is a Trinity sophomore. His column, “worms in space,” runs on alternate Fridays.

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8 | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2018

EVICTION FROM PAGE 1 case until a day or two before the scheduled hearing. Another issue is the lack of staff in the clinic. Although there are more than 900 eviction cases a month filed in Durham, only about 50 make their way to the clinic—which is still a full-time workload that can be overwhelming for their small employee base. “We have very few resources,” Holton said. “If we hope to make a dent in the eviction process, [we] need numbers.” Jesse McCoy, supervising attorney for the Civil Justice Clinic, noted that they are currently designing a new brochure and talking

COUNCIL FROM PAGE 2 study, with the understanding that some students will stay on for a fourth semester to wrap up their theses. Rojas said the program plans to have eight students in each year’s cohorts, but AMES expects have about half that number for the program’s inaugural year. The department has factored reserves into the program’s budget in case it does not meet their enrollment goals one year and The department is also trying to set aside money for a possible future Ph.D. program. Rojas noted the high rate of new master’s degree proposals in recent years. The AMES proposition follows the council’s approval of a Master’s in Dance and a multi-disciplinary materials sciences program between Trinity and Pratt already this academic year. “I’m aware of the fact that this body has seen a lot of proposals for new graduate programs, new master’s programs, and there is some concern about proliferation of M.A. programs,” he said. In other business The council also heard a presentation from Bruce Jentleson, professor of public policy and political science, about the Provost’s Tenure Standards Committee. Jentleson, a co-chair of the committee, said that it is seeking faculty input as they work towards turning a report into Provost Sally Kornbluth by the end of the semester.

with community agencies to inform them of the program. The clinic has been making pitches to the Durham city government to increase funding. Holton pointed out that several studies in other cities have shown that when there is legal representation in eviction cases, the rate of judgment drops by 50 percent. Holton explained that there are many evictions in Durham because its population has significantly increased in recent years, but the stock of affordable housing has not. And because of gentrification, properties that used to be at affordable levels get upgraded, which means tenants can no longer afford them. McCoy’s suspicion is that Durham enjoyed relatively affordable rental rates compared to neighboring counties for many years but then became a much more popular place.

“Now that we have a large population that is able to pay more, it’s easier for landlords to do a little renovation and demand a higher rent rate,” he said. A major focus of the Eviction Diversion Program now is expanding its reach to combat the problem. “We hope to continue on in at least the level that we are in the clinic,” Holton said. Wasserman noted that he thinks their work can alleviate Durham residents’ distress and foster improved communication between tenants, the Civil Justice Clinic and the city government. “I’m very excited about the program, I think it’s huge,” he said. “Something like this can really solve a problem that is primarily a lack of coordination among Durham stakeholders.”

The committee was formed as part of the University’s new strategic plan. It formed last semester and is charged with reviewing Duke’s standards for tenure for scholars who specialize in nontraditional forms like online teaching and digital art. There was also an update about Duke Kunshan University by Kornbluth in executive session, which Council Chair Don Taylor said was related to the DKU update they received in November. This marks the second meeting in a row in which the council has received a private briefing related to DKU. The last public council briefing on the matter was in Sept. 2017, when Kornbluth told the council they plan to open the undergraduate degree program in Fall 2018—but said at that time some complicating factors, like getting approval for their admissions plans from the Chinese Ministry of Education and recruiting students, still existed.

LIGHT RAIL FROM PAGE 2 to better match people’s parking habits, with the potential for changes brought by the introduction of autonomous vehicles. Despite the potential for some evolution of the project, he pointed out that its core will remain strong over the years because of the tracks’ proximity to two Level I trauma centers and three local universities. “We have three anchors that are not going anywhere,” McDonough said.

MACLEAN FROM PAGE 3 on autism and whose best friend in high school was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, said that such remarks lead people to falsely conflate autism with dangerousness. “I think MacLean should absolutely apologize—I think there should definitely be a statement from the administration,” she said. “My concern with the petition is how much action will come out of it— it’s a pattern of behavior that we see how people are disrespecting people who have neurological conditions and I think a simple petition isn’t enough to solve it. I support it in theory but don’t know if this is the most practical solution.” MacLean did not respond to a request for comment. In a July interview with The Chronicle of Higher Education, MacLean said that one way of viewing early criticism of her work is that the criticism demonstrates the book’s importance. “This kind of strong reaction can suggest that a work is timely and important and lead more people to want to check it out,” she stated in the 2017 interview. Claire Ballentine and Bre Bradham contributed reporting to this article.

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