Duke Chronicle Centennial Issue

100 Y E A R S

O F

D U K E

U N I V E R S I T Y

The Chronicle

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The Chronicle

Dec. 12, 1936

The Chronicle

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WHAT’S INSIDE

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1924-1963: Duke University Begins

1963-2004: Creating a Campus Identity

CONTRIBUTORS

Editor-in-Chief Audrey Wang News Editor Adway Wadekar University News Editor Jothi Gupta Assistant Blue Zone Editor Dom Fenoglio Staff Writers Sophie Endrud, Samanyu Gangappa, Grace Ghoorah, Aseel Ibrahim and Zoe Kolenovsky Photo Features Editor Samantha Owusu-Antwi

2004-Present: Modern Times, Modern Challenges

AMARE SWIERC

When James B. Duke created the Duke Endowment, he could have hardly imagined the progress the newly-named university would make in such a short time. In just under 100 years, Duke has transformed from a small liberal arts college into a home to Nobel Prize winners, NCAA champions and thousands of students and celebrated alumni ready to take on the world.

As the University prepares to celebrate its centennial, The Chronicle looks back at how Duke has evolved and the rich history it has carried with it since 1924. This edition splits Duke’s past into three distinct sections, as Duke starts as a nascent university and moves into the 21st century as one of the country’s most renowned institutions of higher learning. We delve our first drafts of history, starting with the campus’ rapid construction and ending with a peek at our most recent headlines.

I hope this issue serves as a testament to how far we have come as a University, and a look at where we’re going. Duke’s next century will bring about a new slate of challenges and opportunities for its next generation of leaders, and while the future is always uncertain, history will likely repeat itself.

Photographers Tiffany Chen and Nicole Nie

Duke will invite 100 impressive classes and commemorate 100 more. It will certainly celebrate more Rhodes and Marshall Scholars and win more NCAA championships, and we’ll elect 100 more editors to cover these stories.

We give special thanks to contributors Jothi Gupta and Dom Fenoglio, who designed this issue.

Most importantly, the University will be exciting, breathtaking, frustrating and some combination of the three. It will be continue to be the living creation of the thousands of bright minds that walk through it every day. Duke will be beautiful and ugly, awesome and mundane, a school of contradictions and a world in and of itself — as it has been for its past chapter and will be for its next volume that is yet to be written.

Yours,

@ 2023 Duke Student Publishing Company

Audrey Wang Vol. 119 Editor-in-Chief

1924 1963

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The Chronicle

TOP: Six female veterans return to campus to continue their war-interrupted education to study under the G.I. Bill of Rights (March 15, 1946).

BOTTOM: The undefeated Blue Devils team before traveling to Pasadena, California to challenge the Oregon State Beavers in the Rose Bowl classic on New Year’s Day (Dec. 2, 1941).

Duke traces its roots back to a small prepatory school for young men in Randolph County: the Union Institute Academy, founded in 1838. After briefly changing its name to Normal College in 1851, Duke was again renamed in 1859 after gaining financial support from the Methodist Church. Now called Trinity College, the school moved to Durham in 1892 and began admitting women in 1897.

Our first section of Duke’s centennial history begins in 1924, when James Buchanan Duke established the Duke Endowment.

Trinity College changed its name to

Duke University in honor of Washington Duke, a tobacco industrialist who provided funding to Trinity College and James Buchanan Duke’s father.

From 1924 onwards, the campus expanded, growing the graduate school programs and campus facilities. Trinity College, now known as East Campus, became the Woman’s College in 1930. Julian Abele, the namesake of the West Campus quad, implemented his designs for the all-male Trinity College, now known as West Campus, and redesigned the Woman’s College.

Duke’s hosted its first Centennial in 1938, in recognition of Duke’s original founding in 1838.

World War II broke out, and members of the Duke community joined the war effort both as service members and advisers.

Through the G.I. Bill of 1944, many veterans returned to Duke to continue their studies after the war’s end.

Duke’s graduate school desegregated in 1961, and its undergraduate school soon followed after the University admitted five Black students as part of the Class of 1967.

In this year, the first female engineer joined the Pratt School of Engineering in 1942. Duke won the Rose Bowl the same year against the Oregon State Beavers, and former President Richard Nixon graduated from Duke Law School in 1937.

Between 1924 and 1963 Duke presidents have included William Few from 1910 to 1940, Robert Flowers from 1940 to 1948, A. Hollis Edens from 1949 to 1960 and Douglas Knight from 1963 to 1969.

The Chronicle

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DUKE UNIVERSITY, DURHAM N.C.

SECTION 1

New Duke Campus Will Be Open to Women Next Fall Jan. 8, 1930

ANNOUNCEMENT was made Dec. 21 by President W. P. Few that the new plant of Duke University would be ready for occupancy by the opening of the next academic year which begins in September of this year. The new unit has been under construction for three years, work having been started in January 1927.

The moving of all departments of the university to the new home means that the old campus facilities, including its group of 12 handsome new buildings completed three years ago, will be available the next academic year for the uses of the Coordinate College for women. All other departments of the university will be moved during the coming summer to the new unit that is being built on the adjoining 4,000-acre campus.

First of the structures on the new campus to be used will be the hospital with 400 beds and the out-patient clinic which will begin operation on July 1. The School of Medicine will admit carefully selected first and third year students on the following October. This school equipment and laboratories for 300 students, and is headed by Dr. W. C. Davidson, dean.

The other departments of the university — the college, the graduate and professional schools of law, theology, and arts and sciences—will open at the new plant on Sept. 24, it was stated.

With the beginning of the next academic year the college for women will take over the presently university occupied plant. The new college will limit to 250 the number of students to be admitted to the freshman class. The process of selective admission will be used in accepting students for both the colleges and all the graduate and professional schools, thus at another point is the expansion of Duke being carried by James B. Duke who said in making his far reaching gift to the institution: “I recommend that great care and discrimination be exercised in admitting as students only these whose previous records

show a character, determination and application evincing a real ambition for life.”

The announcement made today about the occupancy next September of the new university plant answers for the first time the question that has been in the minds of ... people in this and other States ever since the expanded university plan was projected and marks another definite step in the steady and sure development of Duke, first from a collegiate rank to university status, and now into a period of enlarged service with tremendously expanded facilities and opportunities and responsibilities.

One who visits the new campus even in the present period of intense building activity and consequently incompleteness, is immediately impressed by the architectural harmony and beauty that greet him on every hand as well as by sense of permanency that is apparent instantly. Certainly, he feels that here is an institution that is building for the years ahead in the “dim distant future” and according to plans that approach the ideal with respect to architectural beauty an adequacy for the task at hand — an ever-expanding task that will grow as time passes.

The occupancy of the new plant will mark the beginning of another important period in the institution’s long history, which had its beginning over 90 years ago in Randolph County. Since the creation of the Duke Endowment by the late James B. Duke five years ago, which made possible the present expansion program of the university, the institution has undergone its greatest period of development. Under the personal supervision of Mr. Duke plans were made first for the new quadrangle which shortly will be part of the women’s college, and next for the handsome buildings on the larger campus now in final stages of construction.

Regarded as the greatest university construction program ever undertaken at one time, the completed university plant will be modern in respect to appointments and equipment, affording students ample facilities for study, research, and recreation in the midst of pleasing surroundings.

“I have undertaken again and again in recent years to emphasize my conviction that while colleges and professional schools may provide teachers, surroundings, encouragement, and inspiration, even so, if the individual student is educated he must educate himself. ” PRESIDENT WILLIAM FEW

1924 - 1963

Centennial Executive Explains Celebration

Executive Secretary A . S. Brower Dr. Robert L. Flowers, who has served emphasized the educational as- under every administration of the pects of the Centennial program at university, spoke last night on the opening ceremonies.

Centennial’s significance.

President Few Strikes Key-Note in Launching of Centennial Program Oct. 7, 1938

WITH PRESIDENT William P. Few’s closing words, “... I earnestly hope that you will rise level to the opportunities and re­ sponsibilities that this year will bring,’’ ringing as a standing challenge to its student body, Duke University officially launched its Centennial year with appropriate ceremonies last night in Page Auditorium.

The audience, representing a cross-section of the university’s varied constituency heard four addresses, including that of Gov­ernor Clyde R. Hoey who spoke about the interest of North Carolina in Duke’s celebration.

The other speakers of the evening were, Dr. Robert L. Flowers, vicepresident, secretary and treasurer of the university, and A. S. Brower, executive secretary, committee on the Centennial.

... Thinking means the ability to deal with ideas and that ls very important.

But ideas are not so important for their intellectual purity as for their moral power — ideas made dynamic through feeling and therefore regulative upon it.

Ideas and Will

“If you are here, as I hope most of you are, to educate yourselves in this larger way, it will not be enough . . . for you to think. Your ideas must be given personal and moral power through feelings and sentiments, admiration. Faith, love, and that strange precipitation of these which we call the will.”

North Carolina’s governor spoke briefly on the importance of Duke in the state, then went on to the main body of his address by giving highly favorable remarks concerning the four symposia of the year, to consist in studies or medicine, law, Southern economics and Real Significance President Few in speaking on women in modern society.

“What is the Centennial’s Larger Flowers Explains Significance?’’ addressed himself The opening address was delivered to the students and said in part, “...

Participate in it all. Put your heart by Dr. Robert L. Flowers, vicein everything that is open to you. Be president, secretary and treasurer of that kind of undergraduate and later the university, its title being “What on you will be that kind of alumnus.” the Centennial Is.” Having served The tone of his address warmed under every administration of the as he said, “... I have undertaken university, save that of President again and again in recent years to Craven, Dr. Flowers was able to give emphasize my conviction that while a comprehensive picture of how and colleges and professional schools when Duke has grown from “A little may provide teachers, surroundings, brown schoolhouse in Randolph encouragement, and inspiration, County to the university of today.” even so, if the individual student is Editor’s Note: This article has educated he must educate himself.

“To be an educated man or woman been edited and condensed for this ... means to have the power to think print edition.

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Congratulations on 100 Years!

Shop our entire collection of Centennial merchandise at The University Store and via shop.duke.edu.

Follow us on: @DukeUniversityStores

@DukeUniversityStores

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Presenting the World’s Most Beautiful Campus Jan. 7, 1942 Unique among great universities is Duke’s twin-campus system, which provides separate plants for the Woman’s college and the coordinate college for Women.

Simple and austere is the symmetrical Georgian architecture of East campus — in striking contrast with the artistic imaginativeness of Modern Gothic West Campus.

Duke University from the air is an inspiring sight.

This magnificent aerial photograph explains why thousands of visitors have described Duke as “the most beautiful university in the world.” Football fans from coast to coast heard Rose Bowl announcer Bill Stern say of the campus: “A few others may be as beautiful; certainly there is none more beautiful.”

Duke-UNC Hordes Clash in Destructive Rivalry Nov. 21, 1945

East - Campus of Columns

West - Campus of Towers

The new $2 million Law School, pictured here, is slated to open in September. The current building program is the largest since Duke was created in 1924. Also under construction is a $4 million addition and $500,000 renovation in the Medical Center; a $2.5 million graduate student housing project; and a S675,000 boat

for ocean research. Completed this semester, was a $5 million Biological Sciences Building and the $275,000 East Campus Infirmary. Immediate plans call for a $4.5 million Library addition, $1.2 million West dormitory renovation, and a new $1.4 million West dorm. A building fund for an Arts Center has been started.

censured, pointing out that no real harm could come to the episode, CLIMAXING a wild week and that it had served as an outlet of unprecedented activity and for freshman zeal to manifest prevandalism between the University of game ardor.

North Carolina and Duke University, 2,000 students assembled last night in Cameron, Herring Speak Page Auditorium to listen to pleas by Other speakers at the mass student leaders to “cease fire” before meeting were Head Football Coach hostilities grew to the breaking point, Eddie Cameron and Dean H. J. which might result in the cancelling Herring. Cameron traced the athletic of the annual grid classic. relations between Duke and Carolina Buford Munro, president of the and stated it would be a great thing Student Government Association for Duke if the men would use their appealed to men who packed the spirit by backing the team every auditorium to use their reasoning, minute of the way Saturday. and to do their utmost to protect The football mentor made it clear the reputation of the university. that vandalism did not help the Blue Munro cited that S.G.A. would Devils to achieve victory over the recommend to the administration Tarheels. “It will possibly work the that students who were found other way,” Cameron expounded. guilty of continuing such pranks as painting the buildings and property Police Aid Enlisted of the neighboring institution at Dean Herring went over the Chapel Hill would be suspended or footsteps of students in former expelled from school. years and surveyed the situa­ tion Munro emphasized that the aid as it existed this week. Lingering of the state police was being em­ on the subject of promised ployed to handle any situations disciplinary action by state and which might develop into de­ local police, Herring summed up struction of school property both his urgent entreaty to the students at Duke and at Carolina. by explaining that the conditions were now out of the hands of the Alexander Condemns Painting university officials and would be President of B.O.S. and Editor of the managed by outside authorities.

Duke Chronicle, Jimmie Alexander, Blasting the practice of painting explained that B.O.S. was bending public and private property, all of its energy this week towards the dean told the assembly that sponsoring house decorations, pep persons who are guilty of such rallies, stadium decorations, and misdemeanors, would be expelled helping to guard Duke buildings. from the university.

Alexander condemned the painting of U.N.C. by the small group of men Editor’s Note: This article has been who participated in such activity. He edited and condensed for this print added that the men who had stolen edition. the Carolina ram should not be

The Chronicle

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World War II On Campus

NROTC Enrollment Jumps 50 Jan. 7, 1942

first Ume, the group will drill in THE DUKE N.R.O.T.C. unit, now uniform Friday morning.

Dr. R. A. Ross of the Duke medical numbering members 106, will be school has been called to active duty augmented by the addition of from 25 to 50 members at the beginning with the local unit and will assume his duties immediately with the of the second semester, February 2.

Freshmen and some sophomores, rank of Lieutenant Commander in if the latter are enrolled in the pre- charge or the physical examinations legal group, will be permitted to connected with the unit.

Duke students generally have take the naval course, providing they pass the required physical returned from the Christmas holidays examinations, announced Capt. A. T. with the purpose of continuing their academic work as long as possible.

Clay, commandant of the unit.

In order to assume the new work, Some are expressing interest in the the newly enrolled students will take naval V-7 classification, open to juniors six hours weekly in naval science and seniors. They are permitted to The Duke division of the N.R.O.T.C. boasts an old destroyer type gun, above, of and tactics. The increased work will enlist as apprentice seamen and the four-inch size, which was used aboard a United States destroyer before that enable the new students to take the complete college courses. After ship was transferred to England in the ship exchange in 1940. same work during the second year graduation they will enter training as as will those members who enrolled reserve midshipmen. Three months of in the unit’s first year of operation training will make them eligible for commissions as ensigns. which began last fall.

Another classification permits The unit, one of the twentyMaggs, Welfing Join Defense Commissions them to enlist and complete the seven groups in colleges and Jan. 7, 1942 Professor Maggs will begin his universities in the nation, has academic year, then enter training for DR. DOUGLAS B. MAGGS, Duke work in Washington late this month, been issued uniforms, and for the the naval aviation. professor of law, has been appointed and will commute between Durham special consultant to the general and Washington for the rest of the council of the economic warfare coming semester, meeting classes here on Saturday and Monday. board in Washington.

These two members of the Duke Professor Weldon Welfing of the Brower to Lead Open Discussion by Group faculty join other faculty members department of economics will take Jan. 7, 1942 over regular work with the federal already at work in Washington. Since will lead the forum and attempt coke control commision early next the beginning of the national defense to answer questions concerning a THE NEWLY found War week. During the past summer and effort, members of various departments committee will hold an open forum student’s place in the national war the Christmas holidays he was at have accepted posts at Washington as Thursday evening at 7:30 p.m. in effort and the draft. This program is part of the government effort. work with this group. the biology lecture room to discuss an attempt on the part of the War questions vital to students in a committee to answer the questions of those students who are most vitally nation at war.

Mr. A. S. Brower, coordinator of touched by the newest national and national defense for the university, international developments.

Professors Aid Government War Efforts

Duke War Council Meets Tomorrow

Captured Heroes Conquer Campus Seward, Wilson, Bello Tallman Re-enter Duke To Claim Key Positions

Sept. 20, 1946 LAST YEAR the Chronicle told the war experiences of four former Duke men — “Bubber” Seward, Bill Wilson, Al Tallman and Lou Bello. Each one had left his Alma Mater to help win the war, and each returned to resume his education, but not before serving a hitch in a German prisoner of war camp.

Another chapter has been written in the story. These men heading four main organizations arc serving the campus with greater efficiency and zeal as a result or their war experiences. Tallman is currently piloting the “Y” in what promises to be one of its most successful years; Wilson has inherited the job of re­ converting the FAC to a peace­time program, Bello is running intramural athletics; and on Seward’s shoulder has fallen the most responsible job of all, presidency of SGA. Bello and Tallman were in the same PW camp, and while there they composed a which although never destined to make the “Hit Parade,” did represent their feelings at the time. To the tune of “Stormy Weather,” part of the lyrics follow:

PW Composition

Former PWs Now Campus Leaders

“I know why, There’s no sugar in my pie; Kriegie rations, My hunger has replaced my passion; I’m starving all the time!”

Their experiences are much the same; all but Seward were in the Air Corps, shot down over enemy territory and interned in PW camps until they were liberated by the ground forces. Seward was with Patch’s Seventh Army in Strasburg, France, when the Germans captured him.

Tallman was a bombardier with the Eighth Air Force was shot down over Berlin and spent exactly a year in Germany custody before General Patton released him.

Bello was a bombardier-navigator with the Fifteenth Air Force in Italy, and after being shot down over Blechammer, Germany, he was interned eight months before Patton came.

Wilson was a pilot, also with the Fifteenth Air Force, and went down over Austria. He was five months in a prison camp before the Russians Left to right: Bill Wilson, Al Tallman, Lou Bello and “Bubber” Seward. liberated him.

Duke News Bureau, photo by Walt Shackleford

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DUKE DESEGREGATES

Graduate school desegregates in ‘61, undergraduate school soon follows.

Trustees Approve Black Students Gain Undergraduate Colleges Integrate Grad School ’67 Admission With Incoming Freshmen Classes Desegregation April 17, 1963 May 3, 1963 for admission to the undergraduate

BY LEN PARDUE & GALEN GRIFFIN March 8, 1961

QUALIFIED Black students can gain admission to the University’s graduate and professional schools next September.

The Board of Trustees, meeting in Allen Building, this afternoon at 2:30 announced the adoption of this resolution: “Resolved that qualified applicants may be admitted to degree programs in the graduate and professional schools of the University, effective September 1, 1961, without regard to race, creed, or national origin.”

No other information from the Board of Trustees was available today before press time.

Professor Francis Bowman, director of graduate admissions said this afternoon he had received no applications from Black students for next fall.

He noted that most graduate students here are admitted on an awards basis, and that funds for these awards are now being allocated. Allocation is scheduled for completion March 15, next Wednesday, Bowman stated.

Thus it would appear unlikely that any Black students would be admitted to the graduate schools this September.

Bowman said that no separate admissions procedure for Black students will be maintained.

A possible diminution of revenues may have led to the action by the Trustees. The growth rate of revenues “is dependent on, other factors” such as research projects, one faculty member said.

Continued segregation, he speculated, “could have had an effect the other way.”

PROVOST R. TAYLOR COLE

The Duke Chronicle

THE UNIVERSITY has admitted several Black under­ graduates and is now awaiting their acceptances or refusals of the places reserved for them in the Class of 1967, the Chronicle learned today.

These students are the first of their race to gain admission to the undergraduate colleges. The Board of Trustees authorized undergraduate admis­ sions “without regard to race, creed or national origin” as its meeting last June, thus ending 125 years of racial segregation. The Trustees desegregated the graduate and professional schools in March 1961, and four Black students entered the following September.

The Chronicle’s source indic­ ated the Black students would receive the financial aid they will need in order to attend the Univer­sity.

Meriam Makeba, the African folksinger who performed in Page Auditorium last night, an­ nounced that she was donating her fee to the University to establish a scholarship fund for a Black student from Ghana.

PROVOST R. TAYLOR COLE has announced that five Black students will enter the University’s Class of 1967 as the first under­graduates of their race ever to matriculate at the University.

Two of the Black students were admitted to Trinity College while the remaining three will enter the Woman’s College. Two students are from Durham, one from WinstonSalem, one from Greensboro and one from Sumter, South Carolina.

The undergraduate schools are the last colleges of the University to be integrated. Two years ago, the Trustees voted to admit Black students to the graduate and professional schools, while the decision to desegregate the undergraduate colleges came last June — too late to affect the Class of 1966.

This announcement of under­ graduate desegregation last June came as a surprise. The faculty had met earlier in the week to ask the Trustees for a policy change. Two weeks before, the Undergraduate Faculty Council had passed a Editor’s Note: This article has been resolution by Dr. Peter Klopfer, edited and condensed for this print edition. assistant professor of zoology, calling

colleges “without regard to race, color, or national origin.”

One source reported that high-ranking members of the Administration had planned to spend much of this year in per­ suading the Trustees to extend the policy established for the graduate and professional schools. But the Board responded immediately to Trustee Charles S. Rhyne, who called for desegregation of the undergraduate colleges.

The matriculation of the Black students ends 125 years of undergraduate segregation at the University. The students were notified of their admission to next year’s freshman class April 15 and returned their acceptances to the admissions office by Wednesday.

The overall Scholastic Aptitude test scores for men entering in the Class of ‘67 place them in the 86th percentile on the verbal test and the 87th on math. Women were in the 94th on verbal and 91st in math.

Editor’s Note: This article has been edited and condensed for this print edition.

University Prepares Surge to Height of Academic World May 16, 1961

“EITHER WE can remain a reasonably strong univer­ sity in the top rank among southern institutions and be satisfied with this status, or we can strive to move up from the lower end of the scale of some two dozen leading insti­ tutions nationally to a position of national strength, hopefully among the first ten in the nation.”

- Paul Magnus Gross January 1959 SOME REFER to the course the University is following as “longrange development;” others term it “institutional advancement.’’ Many call it “the pursuit of excellence.”

The campus is alive with ideas, plans and projects, “moving toward greater and greater academic excellence and to an ultimate product of Duke men and women as leaders in the contemporary world.”

Within the past 12 months, a new President of the University has taken office. Dr. J. Deryl Hart and his team are credited with settling the administrative turmoil that existed after the dismissal of Dr. Paul M.

Gross, vice-president in the division of education (provost). Dr. Hart has recreated the unity necessary not only to do better what the University now does, but to adapt the institution to the demands of a changing society and world.

Biddle Foundation advanced hopes for construction of an Arts Center.

At mid-year, Dr. Everett Hopkins of Washington Uni­ versity was appointed to coordinate the advancement effort. Both Dr. Hart and Hopkins stressed that the job of vice-president for institutional *** advancement entailed much more than fund raising; all to be done, EIGHT NEW distinguished they said, would contribute to the professorships were endowed; school’s academic stature. construction was started on a $1.85 million law school, a $3.6 million *** Medical Center addition, and another particle accelerator for nuclear DR. HART said the school research. Work nears completion on has a firm financial founda­ tion, a $3.5 million biological sciences excellent facilities which will be building, on a $275,000 infirmary for improved, and an “outstanding and Woman’s College, and on remodeling continuously improving faculty.” of sections of the Medical Center. With With these factors combined, $2.4 million available, apartments Dr. Hart concluded, “nothing can for married students will rise soon; stop the progress of this, your the hospital’s pathology department University, or deny it a position announced a $500,000 renovation. recognized by all as being at the As the stacks overflowed, top of the educational world.” construction of an addition to the main Library was assigned the highest Editor’s Note: This article has priority; plans call for tripling the been edited and condensed for this shelf capacity of the library, already print edition. the 13th largest in the nation. A generous gift from the Mary Duke

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1963 2004 In this middle age of Duke’s history, the University transformed into one of the most renowned institutions of higher learning in the nation. Duke students were advocates in the midst of the Civil Rights Movement, fights for women’s and LGBTQ+ rights and numerous other causes in this era of great social change. Students advocated for labor rights, pushed for Duke’s divestment from companies with ties to South Africa amid apartheid, and protested against divisive advertisements published in The Chronicle. After enrolling in 1963, the University’s first Black undergraduates graduated with the Class of 1967, and the Mary Lou Williams Center for Black Culture opened in 1983.

Former presidents included Douglas Knight; Terry Sanford, the namesake of the School of Public Policy; Keith Brodie, the namesake of the East Campus gym, and Nannerl Keohane helped move Duke forward. Under their leadership, East Campus changed from a women’s college to a co-ed campus, and eventually into the first-year campus we know today in 1981.

Duke welcomed a relatively unknown men’s basketball coach from West Point in 1980.

During his tenure, Mike Krzyzewski grew the men’s basketball program into one of the best in the country, leading the Blue Devils to back-to-back national championships in 1991 and 1992, and a third in 2001. Men’s soccer won its lone national championship in 1986, led by captain John Kerr, who currently coaches the team. Title IX increased attention and funding to numerous women’s sports and helped lay the foundation that the programs are built on today.

The Chronicle

Section 2

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Duke University, Durham N.C.

1963-2004

Officials check Title IX discrimination charges A look back at Duke’s first Black undergrads

By Paul Chelminski Oct. 23, 1981 Representatives from the Atlanta Office for Civil Rights will complete a weeklong on-campus investigation today of a Title IX sex discrimination complaint filed last year by two Duke students.

The five investigators are focusing on Duke’s athletic policy, even though the original complaint, filed by the 1981 graduates on behalf the Association of Duke Women, cited athletics, housing, faculty recruitment and health care as areas in which Duke discriminates against women, said Dolores Burke, director of Duke’s Equal Opportunity Office.

Burke said the review consists of three parts: an audit of the information that the University has given the OCR, interviews with coaches and players based on Title IX regulations and on the data furnished them and a final report with their findings.

“This letter of findings is then sent to Washington for approval before being sent to us,” Burke said She added that judging from a previous situation, it may take from six months to one year to complete the review.

Burke said that in addition to interviews, investigators have “visited the athletic facilities to see if the men’s and women’s facilities were comparable.”

“I have a positive feeling about the review. I do not forsee any problems,” said Margo Walsh, a member of the women’s basketball team, she said her interview was “uneventful.”

She said the investigators asked questions about recruiting, team travel, meal plans, housing and tutorial services.

Former President Terry Sanford. Photo from 1969.

Federal investigators declined to comment. During their stay on campus, they are not allowed to discuss their findings with reporters, one investigator said.

In a letter to one of the coauthors of the complaint last January, Louis Bryson Sr., director of the OCR postsecondary education division, said the OCR will concentrate on athletics because articles of Title IX have been disputed recently and may need reinterpreting by courts.

“Our recent policy states that employment issues under Title IX will not be investigated due to a current court challenge of our jurisdiction in Title IX employment,” he wrote.

Colleen Coonelly, acting ADW president, said she was not happy with the timing of the OCR’s visit.

“We were told that the investigators would come late in November, so we were very displeased when we were given a three-day notice of their arrival a month before we expected them to come,” she said.

Editor’s note: This article has been edited and condensed for this print edition.

Terry Sanford named University President

By Ralph Karpinos Dec. 15, 1969 In his first public appearance since being chosen president of Duke University, Terry Sanford yesterday said that he was “certainly not against collective bargaining” and that he would “basically not be involved in thwarting good honest student initiative.”

Further, without indicating a specific policy on community involvrnent, he said “any great university has an immediate responsibility for its urban surroundings, to do what it can ...” He added that a university also has a responsibility to the state and the region.

Sanford made his remarks yesterday to representatives of the news media at the Office of Information Services. The former North Carolina governor said that he had “turned in a different direction ... away from politics,” and affirmed his intention not to run for political office in 1972.

Between now and next April when he officially assumes the presidency Sanford will be spending most of his time “at Duke or working on things that are related to my coming to Duke,” he said. Commenting that it was “great to have a North Carolinian heading the University,” Charles Wade, chairman of the Board of Trustees of Duke, introduced Sanford and said “it is a happy day in the life of this University.”

By Foon Ree Jan. 11, 1983 In the fall of 1963, The Chronicle announced a significant event rather quietly in the last paragraph of a general story on the Class of 1967: “Included among the freshmen are five Negro students, the first of their race to enroll as undergraduates at the University.”

Now almost two decades later, the five history-making students are firmly entrenched in careers and family life — and all have achieved generally accepted notions of success.

On June 2, 1962, the Board of Trustees resolved, “That qualified applicants may be admitted to degree programs in the undergraduate colleges of Duke University without regard to race, creed or national origin,” ending almost 15 years of frustration and controversy and paving the way for the entry of the five freshmen. Duke’s graduate schools had been integrated the preceding year.

In 1963-64, a year when segregationist Alabama governor George Wallace spoke in Page Auditorium and Congress of Racial Equality leader Floyd McKissick spoke 11 days later in the East Duke Building music room, Duke students were beginning to become active in the civil rights movement. The Chronicle addressed some of the issues of race relations in a special series on the status of Black students. “The Tower of Campus Thought and Action” also became the forum for increasing numbers of letters and editorials concerning racial discrimination.

Also during the year, Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man spoke on campus and the Duke CORE chapter protested segregated eating facilities in Chapel Hill.

Black students at a 1967 protest.

A memorial service was held for assassinated President John F. Kennedy and an inauguration ceremony was held for Duke’s fifth president Douglas Knight, who was later to resign primarily because of his inability to deal with issues arising from civil rights protests within the University.

Four of the original five who could be contacted recalled their historic “Duke experience and their days of activism. Lt. Cmdr. Gene Kendall, who had to leave Duke after two years due to financial considerations, is now executive officer of the U.S.S. Willamette, an oiler based at Pearl Harbor.

“I still have fond memories [of Duke],” he said. “I would have liked to continue.”

Of his decision to attend Duke, Kendall, 37, said, “It was not much of a choice where to go as soon as Duke offered me admission. It was the best school in the area and one of the best in the country.”

He said he remembers the University as being “genuinely interested” in him.

“I was treated with kid gloves and there were instances of special treatment.

But Duke was characteristically laissez faire. I was not simply a token.”

Kendall, who helped found the campus CORE chapter, characterized his Duke experience, at a time of social activism, as “very interesting.”

“Once I left the campus, there was a different feeling because of segregation.

Durham was still a Southern town.”

Another fond recollection of Duke, according to Kendall, was the camraderie between the five freshmen. “Because there were only five of us, we knew each other very well,” he said.

“We spent a lot of time listening to each other’s problems.”

Editor’s note: The article has been edited and condensed for this print edition.

12 | TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024

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ALLEN BUILDING TAKEOVER

By Richard Smurthwaite and Heloise Merrill Feb. 14, 1969 Over 1000 students and faculty members voted in Page Auditorium last night to conduct a three day boycott of classes in support of the Afro-Americans’ call for immediate amnesty for students who occupied Allen Building yesterday morning, and the re-instatement of Black students who were forced to leave because of their academic standing last semester.

Free university Those attending the assembly elected to establish a “free university” to operate during the duration of the boycott, which shall last through Monday. The free university, with the aid of a group of faculty members supporting the Black demands and the student boycott, is aimed at providing “relevant discussion” on the issues facing Duke.

Thomas Rainey of the history department, speaking at the outset of the meeting, emphatically “put the blame [for the Black students’ actions] where it really belongs — on the trustees and administration.”

According to Rainey, the problem is not really with the attitudes of the “grits and rednecks.” He was given a standing ovation as he concluded that the greater sin was that of the faculty who “sold out and gave [Douglas] Knight a blank check to bring the pigs down onus.”

Chuck Hopkins, leader of the Campus Afro-American Society, outlined his group’s basic attitude towards the administration and their unsuccessful attempts to negotiate the situation.

‘Only one hour’ Hopkins pointed out that “the Blacks had spent 2½ years just smiling over the Trustee’s table ... and not once did the white pigs direct themselves to the Black demands.” Hopkins went on to ironically question: “Why did they give us only a one hour ultimatum after we had given them 2½ years?” Hopkins called the occupation and subsequent events “just one battle in our struggle to gain our humanity at this university.” He reaffirmed the thirteen demands, and said that “although we left Allen Building, our main aim now is to intensify the struggle.”

Hopkins pleaded for better future understanding among all facets of the University and the Black students: “Students and faculty must reevaluate, sit down and consider all the issues of today.

Donald Ginter of the history department was also deeply bitter about faculty attitude.

The University faculty last night passed a resolution supporting “the President and the Chairman of the Board of Trustets in this crisis.”

The motion was approved overwhelmingly at a late afternoon meeting of the faculty called to discuss the AfroAmerican occupation of Allen Building.

Knight declared at the meetingthat “I, in consultation with Charles Wade, issued the ultimatum” giving the Black students one hour to leave Allen Building. Many faculty present applauded.

The faculty meeting began heatedly. A number of faculty members insisted that the ultimatum be put off. Knight refused to allow such a motion. Angered by what they considered his stalling tactics, one made a motion for adjournment. When

it failed, about 40 professors walked out.

Referring to the proposed motion of support for Knight, one faculty member persistently asked the President whether he would abide by the faculty’s decision, whether positive or negative.

Knight responded, “I consider myself bound to the decision that has been made. I am open to education by the faculty. But when the chairman of the board and I make a decision, I must follow that decision.”

Frank de Vyver, vice-provost, recounted the day’s events, including the AfroAmericans’ rejection of talks with the administration. They had, he said, “hung up the phone on Provost [Marcus] Hobbs.”

Midway through the meeting Knight announced that a phone call had come from a member of ASDU who said that the Black students had decided to negotiate.

He declared, “We have now a chance for discussion rather than confrontation. If confrontation had taken place, it would not be as the result of force imported by the University. It would be Tear gas engulfs the Allen Building as students look on. triggered by force exercised inside the University.”

He was prevented from leaving by the queries and motions of a few faculty members. One asked him “not to negotiate until they leave the building. The question is: who runs the University, the faculty and the administration or the stuBy Bruce Jablonski dents?” Many faculty applauded.

Feb. 2, 1972 Knight responded that he did not inThe proposed merger of. the Womtend to negotiate with the Black students an’s College and Trinity College, which until they left the building. Responding from all indications the Board of Trustto a question that the faculty was not ees will approve in March, will have consulted about the decision to call the many undetermined effects upon the police Knight declared, “naturally the undergraduate colleges. police have been called. You knew that.”

More efficient administrative proKnight later said, “If you think I don’t cedures, more effective representation regard this entire incident as tragic, then Police officers attempt to manage crowds at of undergraduate education concerns you are mistaken. Force takes many the 1969 Allen Building protests. and changes in social regulations and forms. If your research was in the buildadmissions’ policy will be the major reing, you’d find it a threat.” sults of the merged college. The merger which was approved by the Undergraduate Faculty Council and the Academic Council calls for the establishment of a Vice Provost and Dean of Trinity ColBy Alan Ray lege (one position), who will supervise Feb. 14, 1969 the activities of the merged college.

President Douglas M. Knight ex- If we do, then evil men are going to use Another new position, the Director of plained his decision to call in the police the same means for wrong ends. Tomor- Career Education for Women, will reprerow the forces of the far right will be in an interview last night. sent the special concerns associated with “When people drive other people to telling the University what it should do. the education of women in the University. the wall then they must act,” he said. “I This is the big issue and the tragic issue. I The present positions of Dean of put the freedom of the University above can’t put it strongly enough to you.”

Men and Dean of Women will be reKnight bowed his head frequently to the force used by the Black students.” titled Dean of Students, East and Dean Knight was obviously tired and de- gather his thoughts. of Students, West. The new position of “Columbia, Berkeley, and Wisconpressed by confrontation between stuAssistant Provost and Associate Dean of dents and administration. He explained sin have abridged our freedom to act,” Trinity College of Arts and Sciences will that he agreed with the goals of the stu- he said. “They have created an impres- be created to assist the Vice Provost in sion on the country as a whole. We dents but not the means. areas of academic affairs. The merger is He declared that the administration must inhabit the middle and determine the logical next step in the erosion of the all along had refused to negotiate but if we can, with this constant abridge- co-ordinate college system at Duke. wanted to “engage in mutual discussion ment of freedom , to move to keep Juanita Kreps, dean of the Woman’s freedom and order.” to clarify the issues.

College, cited the one student governI asked him if the trustees would “Our position was that the black stument (ASDU) for the two colleges and dents must leave the building before have removed him had he failed to call the fact that men and women live on there could be substantive discussion of the police. He answered “Yes, I would both campuses as two steps in the “gradhave been removed, but no one ever the issues.’’ ual change in the degree of separatness “If this group can win by this means, discussed it.” between the two colleges. The only thing Knight also said that Ben Roney, an aswhat about the far right? Look at the Nazis that is left is the seperate staffs.” in Germany. We may not give that weight sistant in Governor Robert Scott’s office, The University has been movbecause we feel this cause has merit. But we had called him today. Roney told him, ing toward a merged college over the are trying our honest best to work it out. It’s “If one University gives in to a set of de- years. The breakdown of the co-ordia matter of precedent. We cannot open the mands, within 24 hours demands appear nate college is a natural step in the recon other campuses.” Knight said, “the door to this kind or tactic.” ognition that Duke is a co-educational He continued, “You can’t use the administrations of other universities are college, according to Dean of Underwrong means to accomplish right ends. concerned about what happens here.” graduate Education James Price.

Woman’s College merger invites social, academic changes

Knight explains police presence at Allen Building

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TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024 | 13

Krzyzewski: This is not a typo

Duke hired men’s basketball coach Mike Krzyzewski in 1980.

By Bart Pachino March 19, 1980 Students on Abele Quad at a 1968 protest.

Students protest for labor, race rights

By Bob Ashley April 8, 1968 Duke’s sorrow changed to militancy over the weekend as students first took over President Douglas Knight’s house and then camped out last night on the Chapel quad, pledging “we shall not be moved.”

The students presented Knight with four demands, and they said they would remain on the quad until they were met. Earlier, they had planned to stay at the president’s house until the demands were met.

They left the house yesterday morning, however, because Knight was isolated by his doctors and not at home.

He was suffering from extreme exhaustion and fatigue, the doctors said, and they were trying to prevent a relapse of hepatitis.

The students marched to Knight’s house Friday night, and remained there for two nights as “guests” of the president.

Last night, a “clean-up” committee of about eight people was still there, and planed to remain there until sometime this afternoon.

Knight was to emerge from his seclusion at 4 p.m. this afternoon. It was unclear last night whether or not he would make a statement this afternoon.

Several administration sources indicated he would remain silent unti Tuesday afternoon.

The four demands which the students presented are:

Rallied around those demand last night were over 500 students who slept on the Chapel quad. Most say they plan to remain there until the University grants them their demands.

The process which brought them to the Chapel quad last night was an involved one, and one which had this usually sleepy university boiling with more activity than ever before.

The whole thing stated with an idea for a candlelight parade to Five Points in a Thursday night strategy session, and as it burgeoned from tllere its pace outran even its leaders on occasion.

They had originally planned for 30 or 40, 100 students at the very most to go out to Knight’s house. They were visibly surprised and ecstatic over the turnout which kept swelling Saturday and Sunday.

At any rate, Duke appeared to be the only major white University reaction militantly to Martin Luther King Jr.’s death.

When it all started Friday night, some 350 people left the West Campus for Knight’s house. Many had no idea at the time thart they would be spending the night, many of them the next two nights, at Dr. Knight’s house.

When they reached the president’s home, a gracious Mrs. Knight met them at tile door. She maintained a hospitable air as around 200 of them crowded into the house.

Meanwhile, Dr. Knight stood outside in a light, steady drizzle and talked to 150 - That the president asked the proper more marchers. He urged them to underUniversity officials that economic priority stand that he, too, was both saddened and be glven to raising the salaries of all non- concerned by King’s death. He pleaded for academic employees to $1.50 per hour. time in which to make decisions.

- That he set up a committee of workers, The group outside then canvassed the faculty members and students to establish Duke Forest neighborhood for signatures a bargaining unit. on the ad Knight was being asked to sign.

- That he sign an advertisement, which Knight went inside and, after appearing will appear tomorrow morning in the initially surprised at the sudden influx of Durham Morning Herald, calling for visitors, met with three spokesmen. open housing and an end to racism.

- That he resign his membership in the Editor’s note: This article has been edsegregated hope Valley Country Club. ited and condensed for this print edition.

In a surprise announcement last night, Mike Krzyzewski, the head coach of Army during the last five years, was named the new head basketball coach at Duke by athletic director Tom Butters.

Krzyzewski (pronounced Kre-shevski) replaces Bill Foster, who resigned on March 2 to become the head coach at the University of South Carolina.

None of the recent rumors dealing with Foster’s replacement mentioned Krzyzewski, 33, as a possible successor.

Most of the speculation centered on Boston College’s Tom Davis, Mississippi’s Bob Weltlich, and Foster’s top assistant at Duke, Bob Wenzel. Yet, Butters said that he visited with Krzyzewski three times over the last 10 days.

“There is no doubt in my mind that Mike is the most brillant young basketball coach in the country,” Butters said.

In addition, Butters denied rumors that he had previously offered the job to another coach.

“Mike was my first choice and he received unanimous approval by the athletic council,” he added.

Krzyzewski is credited with transforming a losing basketball program at Army into a high-caliber one. He arrived at West Point in 1975 and took the Cadets, who had been 3-22 in 1974-75, to 11-14, 20-8, and 19-9 marks during his first three seasons there. However, the Cadets fell to 14-11 and 7-19 during the last two seasons.

The new coach is a disciple of Indiana University’s Bobby Knight, widely considered one of the nation’s best basketball minds. A native of Chicago, Krzyzewski played at the U.S. Military Academy under Knight from 1967-69.

He served as a graduate assistant for Knight at Indiana in 1974 before moving to West Point. He also coached with Knight this past summer as an assistant on America’s gold medal PanAmerican Games team.

“You’re certainly a product of your environment, and Coach Knight is a great teacher,” Krzyzewski said. “But I’m not Bobby Knight. I’m a different person. His principles of’ basketball are excellent, but it’s a matter of applying yourself to them.”

Speaking about the style of basketball Duke will play next season, Krzyzewski

said, “We will run a motion offense and play a man-to-man defense primarily.

We will not be a slow-down team.”

Recruiting will be a top priority for Krzyzewski in the coming weeks. “I feel that recruiting will be easier here,” he said in obvious reference to the military service requirement his Army players faced. “It will be a different type of recruiting. We’ll be able to go after the real blue-chip athlete.

“I’ll be out on the road pretty quickly and we will follow up on the players that Duke has already recruited,” he added.

Krzyzewski saw no reason that Duke cannot continue the winning ways of recent years.

“Anytime you lose players the caliber of Mike (Gminski) and Bobby (Bender) to graduation, it can’t help,” he said.

“But I sure as hell hope that Duke can contend next year, and be a tournament team every year. That’s got to be the goal of any program.”

The new coach met with most of the players before the press conference at 8 p.m. “I feel really good after talking to them,” he said. “They seem to have a good chemistry here.”

The players also had positive feelings for Krzyzewski. Freshman guard Tom Emma said, “I don’t know much about him as a coach, but he seems like a nice guy. It looks really good for next year.”

Bender, who enrolled at Indiana after being recruited by Kr£yzewski, was surprised by the announcement. “My first reaction was kind of a shock, but at the same time I am very pleased for Duke,” he said.

“He’s personable, dynamic, and very wellversed at dealing with the public. And his record speaks for itself,” Bender said.

Krzyzewski displayed a characteristic wit throughout the press conference. He chided the press for its failure to place him on the list of Foster’s possible sucessors. “You guys just aren’t working hard enough,” he told the press.

He also spoke humorously of the difficult spelling of his Polish surname.

“It was a lot worse before I changed it.

Most of the players just call me ‘Coach K.’ But before a player graduates I insist that they know how to pronounce it and spell it,” he added.

Krzyzewski and his wife Mickey have two daughters Debbie and Lindy, ages 9 and 2.

14 | TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024

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The Chronicle

Back-to-back champs

By Kris Olsen April 7, 1992

Students protest President Nan Keohane’s decision to make East Campus a first-year-only campus. Photo from 1994.

East Campus becomes home to Duke first-years

By Alison Stuebe Dec. 12, 1994 President Nan Keohane introduced several major changes to residential life this weekend, but its details will remain unclear until well into the spring semester.

Unanimously approved by the Board of Trustees, the 20-page plan distills nearly two years of debate into what John Koskinen, chair of the board, called the University’s “first overall conceptual plan” for residential life in two decades. Framed in terms of four “guiding principles,” the plan commits the University to “intellectual and personal growth of students,” “building on our diverse community,” “sensitivity to Duke’s traditions” and “equity of access.

The plan will be phased in beginning next fall.

One of the key features is the implementation of an all-freshman East Campus, which will be in place for the Class of 2001; upperclassmen who currently live on East can remain there until they graduate. North Campus will be turned into upperclass housing.

Residential life for upperclassmen in both selective and lottery houses will be significantly altered. Students who do not live in selective houses will have the option to enter the housing lottery for North, West and Central Campuses by themselves or in blocks of four to 15 students. North and West Campuses will be divided into residential quadrangles, each of which will include theme dorms, selective living groups and block housing. Sorority blocks will receive priority in getting commons room spaces for meetings and small parties.

While blocks will provide an alternative to the lottery, selective houses will contain between 15 and 50 members; groups that contain more than 50 students may be allowed to split into smaller groups or move to North Campus, while some may be allowed to occupy “spaces that are physically of an appropriate size,” according to the plan.

All selective dorms, including fraternities, will have to hold rush in the spring.

Each house will also be reviewed at least once every two years to evaluate how the group has contributed to its members’

residential experience, to its residential quadrangle and to the intellectual and social climate of the University. No new selective houses will be allowed to form on West until 1996.

All freshman athletes will be permitted to live on West Campus with upperclassmen until the University can provide adequate transportation to shuttle them to practice.

Epworth will be turned into an experimental residence housing students from all four classes. In order to retain the four year housing guarantee, the University also will require that all students entering next fall agree to live on campus for at least three years unless they are studying off campus in a Dukeapproved program. Currently, students are only required to live on campus during freshman year.

The plan calls for students to work with administrators this spring to reallocate housing in order to form quadrangles that include a roughly equal distribution of selective groups, theme dorms, blocks and independents. The seven quadrangle communities are Craven, Crowell, Few, Kilgo, Wannamaker, Edens and Trent.

“I’m pretty confident that we will have a major redistribution of property,” said Trinity senior John Tolsma, Duke Student Government president, who was involved with much of the planning.

“There aren’t any sacred cows.”

However, many of the details of the plan remain fuzzy. No one knows which, if any, selective houses will be moved or where they will be placed. The fate of some selective houses that contain more than 50 students, such as Mirecourt, remains in doubt. It was also unclear Sunday afternoon whether lottery dorm residents can choose to stay in their current dorm, Keohane said in an interview.

A key question will be which upperclassmen end up living on North, a campus nestled between Erwin Road and the Hospital. Undergraduate housing will most likely be limited to Trent Hall, while Hanes House may be renovated to house graduate students.

The plan recommends transforming Trent into a “life-sciences theme house” that would provide programming with

MINNEAPOLIS—Too experienced.

Too focused. Too legit.

Two in a row.

The men’s basketball team captured its second consecutive national championship Monday night with a 71-51 victory over the Michigan Wolverines. The Blue Devils became the first team to repeat as national champs since UCLA in 1973.

“It’s just the best feeling to go out your last game at Duke as a national champion,” said senior center Christian Laettner.

The Blue Devils accomplished the feat with one senior co-captain, Brian Davis, slowed with a high sprain of his left ankle, and the other, Laettner, playing an abysmal first half.

Duke’s main savior was sophomore Grant Hill, who started in Davis’ place.

Hill had 18 points, 10 rebounds and 5 assists. Ten of his points came in the final six minutes as Duke pulled away.

Davis sustained the injury in Saturday’s 81-78 semifinal win over Indiana.

Davis did manage to compete in his final collegiate game, playing 10 minutes.

Laettner, meanwhile, scored five firsthalf points on 2-of-8 shooting. He committed seven turnovers before the break. “[Laettner] was not himself,” Krzyzewski said. “Seven turnovers in the first halfare you kidding me? But as a true veteran, he came back to lead us in the second half.”

Laettner would finish with a teamhigh 19 points.

“Laettner’s not going to lie down and not play,” said Michigan head coach Steve Fisher. “He’s a great, great player and they’re a terrific team. My hat’s off to them.”

The Duke defense was able to prey on an inexperienced Michigan team which started five freshmen. Michigan turned the ball over 20 times, as Duke came up with nine steals.

Medical Center faculty, an idea that Keohane has touted all semester. Remaining space on North will go to selective houses and sophomores who are not allocated space on West.

These sophomores would be guaranteed housing on West or Central for their junior and senior years.

Ultimately, the plan calls for closing North Campus by building new dorms. However, the University will not begin construction at least until it has raised enough money to pay for the proposed recreational facilities. In October, the trustees committed the University to raising $20 million for the projects during the next 18 months.

In order to address inequities in the cost of housing, the plan simplifies the dorm rate structure into two tiers, one for air-conditioned rooms and one for all other rooms. Currently, there are three different housing rate brackets for rooms without air conditioning, a pricEditor’s note: This article has been eding scheme that may limit true “choice” in ited and condensed for this print edition. residential life, according to the plan.

Senior Brian Davis and head coach Mike Krzyzewski celebrate Duke’s 1992 NCAA

The Chronicle

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TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024 | 15

A timeline of Duke’s divestment from South Africa amid apartheid Staff Reports May 8, 1986

May 4, 1985: Approximately 60 graduating seniors hold a silent vigil in front of the Chapel to protest apartheid and the University’s $26 million in investments in companies with operations in South Africa. Then-President Terry Sanford tells the Board of Trustees he is opposed to total divestment.

“I do not think that’s a useful approach; I do not think that’s an effective approach,” he says. “It does not send any understandable signal to anybody.”

Sept. 27: About 50 students greet trustees on the way to the Allen Building with signs and chants for divestment.

“I like to see the students interested in the social issues of our time,” responds trustee Edward Donnell of Chicago. But, he says, “The effect on me will be zero.”

Oct. 22: “Connections,” a symposium on South Africa sponsored by 28 campus groups, begins.

Nov. 5: Fifty-seven percent of 2,718 students responding to a referendum question say they support total University divestment from companies with South African operations.

Jan. 19, 1986: Bishop Desmond Tutu of South Africa, an outspoken proponent of divestment, thanks a packed Chapel for their prayers and asks for their continued support. “And God says to you and you and you, ‘You are my partners ...

Will you please help me?’”

Feb. 20: The Social Implications of Duke Investments (SIDI) committee ends three months of deliberations and makes 10 recommendations. One is a call for total divestment if apartheid does not end by Jan. 1, 1987.

March 21: Walter Dellinger, SIDI chairman, speaking before the Academic Council “with real humility and trepidation,” expresses personal reservations about total divestment. “I am not convinced that [certain] companies are doing more harm than good.”

March 24: The ASDU legislature endorses all 10 SIDI recommendations.

April 14: Students, administrators, faculty and employees man a wood and wire jail on the Bryan Center walkway to show support for total divestment.

April 16, 18: In letters to ASDU president Randall Rainer and ASDU external affairs chair Jan Nolting, President Keith Brodie outlines the administration’s opposition to night-time shanties

Duke Chapel approves gay unions

By Ambika Kumar Dec. 6, 2000 The lengthy debate over whether the University should permit same-sex unions in the Chapel has finally come to an end.

In a move that will likely spark heated debate, President Nan Keohane and Dean of the Chapel Will Willimon have decided to allow such unions in the Chapel.

They presented their decision, which follows a Nov. 27 recommendation from a working group appointed to study the issue, in a Dec. 5 letter to the working group, citing religious diversity as the primary reason.

on Main Quad for safety reasons. The letters warn protesters that they can be suspended, expelled, or arrested if they do not comply.

April 25: Two shanties and a mock jail are built on Main Quad. Students, faculty, trustee Nathan Garrett, Black South Africans and Durham Mayor Wib Gulley address about 200 divestment supporters.

Tom McCollough, associate professor of religion, tells them a colleague advised him “to let the students have their spring madness but don’t encourage them.”

But, he says, “to remain neutral is to de-humanize oneself ... It is a privilege for some of us faculty to join with you students in this common cause.”

As the crowd sings “Let Mandela go, let him go” during a candlelight vigil, the dusk deadline comes and goes and the shanties remain standing through the night.

April 26, 5:20 a.m.: Six students and one alumna are arrested by Duke Public Safety and charged with trespassing after refusing to leave the shanties. Those arrested are: Phillip Diamond and Mikel Thylor, both graduate students; Jo Kreiter, Jeffrey Hughes, David Quick, John Humphrey and Elizabeth Fenn, a 1981 graduate. The shanties are dismantled by Duke maintenance workers.

April 29: Attorney Stewart Fisher, representing the six students, claims the charges should be dropped because “These folks didn’t disrupt anything.”

“Duke is trying to pass the buck down to the Durha District Court to do their dirty work for them,” he says. “Your honor, let my people go.”

Judge Orlando Hudson agrees, and dismisses the charges.

May 1: New shanties are erected.

The Academic Council passes a total divestment resolution. Brodie tells the council the new shanties can remain standing. Afterwards, speaking to a group of pro-divestment demonstrators next to the shanties, Brodie answers questions and publicly announces his preference for selective divestment for the first time.

May 3: Brodie joins the trustees in overwhelmingly approving total divestment.

“You did not have a board that showed up with a predetermined conclusion,” Board Chair Neil Williams tells Mikel Taylor after the vote. “I know a lot of students thought it was going to.”

“Our major rationale for this chage is our conviction ... that Duke has a wonderful tradition of rich religious diversity,” Keohane and Willimon wrote. “We ought to allow these unions to be celebrated by those clergy who are allowed by their religious communities to officiate at such ceremonies.”

Keohane and Willimon also noted, but did not emphasize, that the decision is consistent with the University’s nondiscrimination policy.

Some members of the working group felt that the non-discrimination policy was a primary justification.

Judith Ruderman, vice provost for academic and administrative services, a member of the committee, said she based her decision on both.

Top: A mock jail was built on Main Quad April 25, 1986 to protest South African apartheid.

Middle left: Durham Mayor Wib Gulley speaks to students near the shanties.

Middle right: Former President Keith Brodie confers with apartheid protester Mikel Taylor.

Bottom: Divestment supporters form a human chain as trustees leave the Allen building May 2.

All photos from 1986.

“Some people felt pretty clearly one way or the other, and I fell into both camps,” Ruderman said. “I think all points of view were put forward, and they were debated, and they were analyzed. There was a camaraderie that developed among people of very different backgrounds and perspectives.”

Eric Adler, spokesperson for the Duke Conservative Union, criticized the decision, accusing Keohane of strong-arming her agenda past Willimon, who has opposed the unions in the past.

“The Duke Conservative Union has always asserted that this was a foregone conclusion and that the committee was a sham,” said Adler, a second-year graduate student in classical studies. “We have seen proof that that is the case. We

have also seen proof that neither President Keohane nor [Duke Student Government President] Jordan Bazinsky have any regard for religious freedom on this campus.” Bazinsky presented a written report and passionate speech on the issue to the Board of Trustees at their Oct. 6 meeting.

Keohane has in the past denied the allegations and said she did not know the opinions of committee members before she appointed them. Rev. Charles Smith, a trustee and member of the committee, also disputed the criticism.

“That is so far off-base. It has to be ludicrous,” said Smith, a Methodist minister.

Editor’s note: This article has been edited and condensed for this print edition.

16 | TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024

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The Chronicle

This past decade, the University has seen championships, scandals and everything in between. Two Duke faculty members won Nobel Prizes during this period, and the University welcomed its first class to Duke Kunshan University, a university in China created in collaboration with Wuhan University. Bostock Library opened in 2005, and the Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans Center for Health Education opened in 2013. The men’s basketball team won its fourth national championship in 2010 and its fifth in 2014.

Three Duke lacrosse players were falsely accused of rape in 2006, bringing the University into the national limelight and sparking debates about media bias, race, class and gender across the United States. North Carolina Attorney General Roy Cooper dropped the charges, and the three accused players sued the University soon after.

Campus began to take on the shape that current students call home, and major changes to student life erupted in the 2020s as the COVID-19 pandemic shook the world. Nine fraternities broke away from Duke to form the Durham Interfraternity Council in 2021 after administrators proposed changes to the rush process while still the University was still adapting to the ongoing pandemic. QuadEx, Duke’s new residential system, officially began in fall 2022, creating uncertainty for on-campus selective living groups.

20052023

The Chronicle

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TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024 | 17

Sports

Men’s basketball

Coach Krzyzewski led the Blue Devils to two more national championships during this period, in 2010 and 2015.

Section 2

Duke University, Durham N.C.

2005-2023

The birth of the ‘Duke scandal’

By EMMA BACCELLIERI March 10, 2016

Eleven days after the off-campus wild, white jocks had brutalized a workparty that became the catalyst for the ing class, black mother of two,” reads the Duke lacrosse case, The Raleigh News American Journalism Review’s analysis. and Observer ran its first front page Although the coverage was often high story on the situation. on drama, much of it was short on nuIt would not be the last, and The Raleigh ance and objectivity. Many outlets fixNews and Observer would not be alone. In ated on perceptions of Duke’s athletic the days and weeks that followed, Duke’s culture, painting a portrait of privileged campus became the focus of an intense me- athletes who dominated the social scene dia frenzy that tangled the facts of the case and felt entitled to whatever they wantin clumsy narratives about privilege and ed—such as an April 2006 Los Angeles power at the University.

Times piece headlined, “Lax EnvironThe media coverage had an immedi- ment: Duke lacrosse scandal reinforces a ate impact, putting the University under growing sense that college sports are out a harsh spotlight that provided an im- of control, fueled by pampered athletes perfect framework for public percep- with a sense of entitlement.” tion of the case. The coverage had more Significant space was also devoted lasting effects, as well — helping to keep to the perceived relationship between the memory of the case alive a decade Duke and Durham, which was often relater, creating the concept of the “Duke duced to a portrayal of a wealthy instiscandal” as a common occurrence and tution of Northern outsiders in a Southcontributing to a persistent idea of Duke ern, working-class city, according to the lacrosse as an abstraction divorced from American Journalism Review analysis. any specific reality.

“I think — and many people who fol“‘Duke lacrosse’ is really no longer low the media would agree — that the about Duke. ‘Duke lacrosse’ is a short- coverage of Duke lacrosse was one of the hand for some set of circumstances,” low points of U.S. media in the last 10 said Michael Schoenfeld, vice presi- years,” Schoenfeld said. dent for public affairs and governAs television crews ment relations. “To and reporters gathered some people, ‘Duke la- To some people, ‘Duke on campus, Durham becrosse’ is a story about lacrosse’ is a story about came a focal point for race, class and gender race, class and gender scores of reporters, punissues in America. To issues in America. To othdits and activists. It was others, ‘Duke lacrosse’ ers, ‘Duke lacrosse’ is a not just Duke lacrosse is a shorthand for po- shorthand for political cor- and its players being litical correctness. For rectness. For others, ‘Duke scrutinized, but Duke others, ‘Duke lacrosse’ lacrosse’ is a shorthand writ large—creating an is a shorthand for rush- for rushing to judgment. environment for students ing to judgment. Peo- People see it through their and faculty that was disple see it through their various prisms. tracting at best and danvarious prisms. ” -Michael Schoenfeld gerous at worst.

“It emphasized for Media narratives me in a way that I had never experienced “When Bad Things Happen at Good before how the media can take control of Places,” from The Boston Globe. “Sex, Lies, your life in a way you never imagined or and Duke,” on the cover of Newsweek, anticipated,” said Sue Wasiolek, associate over a backdrop of the players’ mug shots. vice president for student affairs and dean “Rape Case Highlights South’s Abiding Di- of students. “I can’t remember at what vide” from the London-based The Guard- point I began to feel that, but it was relaian. And perhaps best-known, “Sex and tively early on, and once I did feel that loss Scandal at Duke,” the 5,000-word Rolling of control, I felt it for a very long time.”

Stone analysis of the connection between As the case progressed, the credibillacrosse and campus social culture. ity of Durham County District Attorney Within three months of the initial ac- Mike Nifong came into question, shakcusation, the lacrosse case was dissected ing the foundations of the narratives that in these pieces and hundreds of others. had driven early coverage. Although the According to a 2007 American Journal- dimensions of race and privilege that ism Review analysis of the coverage, had initially defined the case remained three of the four major news networks present, a new element now took center devoted more time to Duke lacrosse stage—the flaws behind Nifong’s rush to than to the Iraq War in April 2006. Sex- judgment. But in many ways the damage ual assault, race, big-time college ath- done by the storm of original reporting letics, class, gender, privilege—the case could not be reversed. could be reduced to fit the keywords of any number of hot-button issues.

Editor’s note: This article has been ed“The media quickly latched onto a ited and condensed for this print edition. narrative too seductive to check: rich,

David Evans, Collin Finnerty and Reade Seligmann were all accused of rape in 2006. The charges were later dropped and the three players sued the University. Photo from 2007.

Trustees name Richard Brodhead as ninth president

By ALEX GARINGER Dec. 12, 2003

The Board of Trustees will name Richard Brodhead, dean of Yale College and the A. Bartlett Giamatti professor of English at Yale University, as Duke University’s ninth president at a special press conference in the Rare Book Room at 10:30 a.m. today.

Brodhead, who has spent his entire academic career at Yale and is known as a passionate supporter of undergraduate students, will succeed President Nan Keohane when she steps down from the position July 1, 2004.

“I am tremendously excited to join a university that has already established itself in the top rank of institutions, yet is still so up-and-coming,” Brodhead said in a statement. “Duke is a school with a taste for excellence, the energy and optimism to aspire to it, the dynamism and lightness of foot to actually make required changes and the ability to avoid complacency in the face of accomplishment.”

Peter Nicholas, chair of the Board of Trustees, which unanimously approved the selection Sunday, called Brodhead “the ideal person” to lead Duke into the next stage of its history.

“Dick is a scholar with a deep commitment to undergraduate and graduate education, a proven and effective administrator and fundraiser who understands how research universities work, and an eloquent spokesman about the central role of higher education in American life,” Nicholas said in a statement. “As one of his faculty colleagues at Yale put it, ‘His performance is brilliant. Students love him, the faculty trust him, the alumni are in awe of him.’ Duke’s Trustees are confident that the qualities that have led

Dick Brodhead to be so revered in New Haven will also serve him well as our next president.”

Brodhead takes the reigns at a high, yet critical point in Duke’s history.

Ranked in the top five nationally on both the University and Medical Center sides, Duke is just completing a wildlysuccessful $2 billion capital campaign that is fueling the most ambitious wave of strategic initiatives and facility construction since James B. Duke founded the University in 1924.

Yet, perhaps mostly due to its youth, Duke still lags behind its peers in terms of national and international reputation. University officials hope Brodhead will propel Duke into the creme de la creme of national research universities — Yale included.

“We expect Dick to be an eloquent spokesman for research, scholarship and teaching not only at Duke, but on the national stage,” Sara Sun Beale, Charles L.B. Lowndes Professor of Law and search committee vice chair, said in a statement.

Brodhead received his bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degrees in English from Yale and immediately entered the Ivy League school’s faculty as an associate professor in English. He rose swiftly through the ranks, taking over as chair of the English department in 1988. He stepped down from the chair when he was named dean of Yale College, a position with broad power that combines aspects of the provost and dean of the faculty of Arts and Sciences positions at Duke.

He has garnered a reputation as a dean that students love and faculty respect, and has long been sought by other schools looking for presidents.

18 | TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024

By DANIELLE MUOIO Nov. 18, 2014

dukechronicle.com

DKU marks grand opening

KUNSHAN, China—Leaders from Duke, Wuhan University and the municipal government of Kunshan discussed the impact of Duke Kunshan University on the future of Sino-American relations during the second day of DKU’s grand opening event.

Prior to an afternoon of celebratory speeches, guests were given a series of tours and invited to sign DKU commemorative banners. The list of speeches included talks both in English and in Chinese, so guests were given headsets in order to listen to a professional translation as the speeches occurred. Among the lineup were DKU Chancellor Liu Jingnan, Duke President Richard Brodhead, Wuhan President Li Xiaohong and Cen Jianjun, director general of the cooperation department of the Ministry of Education.

“On this happy day, Duke is profoundly grateful for the strong support we’ve had from our partners,” Brodhead said. “The city of Kunshan originated the idea of DKU — they have been our faithful partners and have done everything to let this dream become a reality.”

The event started off with a Chinese lion dancing performance, in which Peter Lange, former provost and current chair of the DKU Board of Trustees, and Mary Brown Bullock, executive vice chancellor of DKU, painted the lions’ eyes.

Jingnan then kicked off the afternoon’s speeches, noting DKU’s obligation to address issues plaguing society through the use of different teaching styles brought by American and Chinese educational systems.

The theme of tying together American and Chinese educations in the service of addressing societal problems continued throughout the day. Brod-

head noted that Duke had been interested in building a campus in Kunshan because so many of the University’s research components have Chinese dimensions to them.

“How can one study environment without studying China and the rest of the world?” he posed. “How can one study health without studying one of the largest populations in the world?”

There is a long history of Chinese and Americans exchanging ideas and learning from each other’s techniques, Jianjun noted. For example, pioneers Barack Obama called for 100,000 stuin Chinese painting traveled overseas dents to visit China when he visited to learn western painting techniques, Shanghai. In his most recent visit to which they then integrated into art China last week, Obama announced that schools and their own work.

America had reached that goal.

“So today, when we establish the deHodges added that velopment of DKU, it’s China has had a large another celebration of The opening of DKU contingent of students the integration of East is not only an auspiin the United States for and West,” he said. “The cious occasion but also many years, and that this establishment of DKU represents a significant number will grow even is going to create a new step in Chinese-U.S. more this year. school of learning.” educational relations.

“The opening of In an interview folDKU is not only an aus-Thomas Hodges lowing the speeches, picious occasion but Lange noted that thought also represents a sigDKU could never solve nificant step in Chinesethe problems between the United States U.S. educational relations,” he said. and China, it could certainly help. He “Far-thinking individuals from these said there is an immense amount one three institutions have recognized the can learn simply through meeting peo- trend we’ve seen over the years in terms ple from a different culture and living in of the growth and mutual interests in a new environment. two educational systems.”

“It’s also meant to inspire innovation The event celebrated not only what on Duke’s campus as well,” he said of the DKU means for the future of AmericanKunshan campus. “Faculty will come Chinese educational relations but also back and say they tried something and the three-way partnership between think, ‘huh, now maybe I’ll try that here.’” Duke, Wuhan University and the city of China is the fifth most popular des- Kunshan that created DKU. tination for American students studying Leaders from all three institutions overseas, said Thomas Hodges, minister presented a plaque with DKU’s name counselor of the public affairs section written in calligraphy in the style of Gu of the U.S. embassy. In 2009, President Yanwu, a Kunshan native and Ming dy-

FRATS DISAFFILIATE

By JAKE SHERIDAN, MONA TONG and MARIA MORRISON Feb. 22, 2021

Nine fraternities have broken away from Duke’s Interfraternity Council after Duke announced changes to the rush process and selective housing, forming a new group called the Durham Interfraternity Council that has begun recruiting new members.

Here’s what we know so far about fraternity disaffiliations and what they mean for the Duke community.

EVELYN SHI

Which fraternities have disaffiliated?

By Feb. 16, seven fraternities had disaffiliated from the Duke Inertfraternity Council: Alpha Delta Phi, Alpha Tau Omega, Delta Tau Delta, Kappa Alpha Order, Pi Kappa Phi, Sigma Chi and Sigma Nu. Alpha Epsilon Pi and Pi Kappa Alpha disaffiliated later last week.

All nine fraternities have joined the newly-formed Durham Interfraternity Council.

Why did fraternities decide to disaffiliate?

In November, Duke announced that recruitment for first-years would be delayed to sophomore year and that only juniors and seniors would live in selective living sections next year. These changes are part of the guidelines for Duke’s Next Generation Living Learning 2.0 Committee.

According to Durham IFC President Will Santee, a junior, these changes posed a number of challenges to fraternities. Primarily, delaying rush to sophomore fall would be difficult “especially since so many juniors go abroad” and limiting selective living sections to juniors and seniors “wasn’t exactly conducive to the best living situation for sophomores,” Santee said.

Former Duke IFC President Rohan Singh, a senior, claimed that the IFC was not consulted by Duke when the University temporarily suspended spring recruitment in October and decided to move rush to sophomore year in November.

Mary Pat McMahon, vice provost and vice president of student affairs, said that IFC was the first student group she met with to seek input on changes to rush. She added that she consulted national Greek organizations, Duke Student Government and dozens of other student groups in more than 100 preview meetings before the November policy announcement.

The Chronicle

ANN TONG

nasty loyalist whose works provided a basis for a 19th century movement to intertwine Western learning with Chinese tradition. One of Kunshan’s main attractions is a memorial honoring Gu Yanwu’s contributions in Tinling Park.

Bullock noted that the DKU logo, a series of three triangles that creates a mountain, is meant to represent the strength of the three-way partnership.

The triangular shape is meant to represent the “trinity spirit” of the institution. Each school is represented in an individual triangle — in Duke blue, Kunshan jade and Wuhan green.

“The mountain peak with its gradually deepening color represents continuing progress,” Bullock said, with tears in her eyes. “Some see a bamboo shoot coming out of the ground representing a new beginning.”

DKU scholarship donors and campus builders were given plaques to honor their contributions to creating the university. Provost Sally Kornbluth also helped unveil a plaque demonstrating the partnership between Wuhan University and Duke to create DKU. Kennedy Opondo, a student from Kenya who is pursuing a master’s of science in global health, gave a speech thanking the donors for giving him the opportunity to study at DKU. Santee said that the former Duke IFC brought their grievances to meetings with Duke administrators, but “got the impression that those rules were not going to be changed just because we said we don’t like them.”

He said that it seemed as though the University “has a very set plan of where they see social life going at Duke” and the disaffiliated fraternities didn’t feel like that plan included them.

What is the Durham IFC? According to the Durham IFC’s statement of formation, they are “a coalition of fraternities previously affiliated with the Duke University with the shared goal of creating a fraternity community for Duke students.”

Santee, a member of Kappa Alpha Order, said that Durham IFC is an opportunity to “rewrite the rules of what Greek life looks like at Duke.”

The Durham IFC wrote in the statement that they plan to use their formation “as an opportunity to emphasize our commitment to positive action, as we will expand upon efforts to vastly improve fraternity culture as it pertains to sexual assault, racism, hazing and more.”

According to Santee, the Durham IFC “was a collective idea, but an individual decision for each chapter.”

Editor’s note: This article has been edited and condensed for this print edition.

The Chronicle

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TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024 | 19

Robert E. Lee statue removed STAFF REPORTS Aug. 19, 2017

COURTESY OF DUKE TODAY

COURTESY OF ROBERT LEFKOWITZ

Robert Lefkowitz (left) and Paul Modrich (right) each won the Nobel Prize in chemistry while serving as faculty at Duke.

Faculty members awarded Nobel Prizes

Robert Lefkowitz, Chemistry 2012

By WINSTON QIAN Sept. 26, 2023

Throughout his 50 years at Duke, Robert Lefkowitz, James B. Duke professor of medicine, has discovered a family of proteins, won a Nobel Prize for his research and mentored countless students.

Looking back on his career, Lefkowitz is proudest of two things — the cadre of “phenomenal scientists” who were trained in his laboratory and what he calls his “true scientific legacy,” as well as “the whole body of the work that we did, rather than any one specific discovery or technical advancement.”

Lefkowitz is well known for his discovery of a family of hormone receptor proteins called G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which earned him his Nobel Prize in chemistry.

When Lefkowitz was at the start of his scientific career, many were skeptical about the concept of binding sites on cells that hormones and drugs could interact with. But Lefkowitz, based on his early work at the National Institute of Health, was “convinced” that these sites existed.

“It just seemed to me intuitively, that if you could make headway initially to show that they existed, then to characterize them and learn how to leverage them and find out how they were regulated — it just seemed to me so obvious that that would have to be important and would have important therapeutic implications,” he said.

When Lefkowitz began researching the existence of GPCRs, techniques to investigate the proteins did not exist yet. He spent the first five to 10 years inventing these techniques and convincing people that these receptors existed.

In 2012, Lefkowitz received a 5 a.m. call from Stockholm announcing that he had won the Nobel Prize in chemistry.

“I was, at that point, 69 years old. And I was kind of figuring, I guess it’s kind of passed me by. It’s just not gonna happen,” Lefkowitz said.

“I must say, rather than it being like a eureka moment and feeling like jumping out of the bed and doing a jig, it was more of a quiet feeling of satisfaction,” he added.

Lefkowitz credits his own mentors for leading him through his success in biochemistry. Jesse Roth and Ira Pastan, both endocrinologists at the time, were scientific mentors for Lefkowitz when he worked at the NIH for a twoyear-long project.

Prior to his project at the NIH, Lefkowitz aspired to be a cardiologist.

After leaving the NIH and continuing to pursue this goal, he realized that science research was where he found fulfillment.

“I missed the laboratory. I missed the day-to-day challenge,” Lefkowitz said.

“Confronting scientific problems, designing experiments, getting data, revising my hypotheses, the whole process.”

Since his decision to return to research, Lefkowitz has gained a new perspective on science over his 50 years at Duke, describing his everyday life as “one experiment after the other.”

Paul Modrich, Chemistry 2015

By ABIGAIL XIE Oct. 8, 2015

Paul Modrich’s Nobel Prize win is a huge victory not only for him and for Duke, but also for all fields of basic research, administrators and colleagues said.

Modrich — James B. Duke professor of biochemistry, member of the Duke Cancer Institute and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator — was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Wednesday, along with Aziz Sancar of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Tomas Lindahl of the Francis Crick Institute in the U.K. The researchers were honored for their discoveries of three different fundamental mechanisms of DNA repair—a critical process in maintaining the integrity of many organisms’ DNA. The research has potential applications in fighting cancer and other diseases.

Duke Chapel’s statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee has been removed.

President Vincent Price announced the removal Saturday morning via an email to all students, faculty, staff and alumni.

“After hearing from and consulting with a number of students, faculty, staff, and alumni, and with the strong support of the Board of Trustees, I authorized the removal of the statue of Robert E. Lee from the entrance of Duke Chapel early this morning,” Price said. “I took this course of action to protect Duke Chapel, to ensure the vital safety of students and community members who worship there, and above all to express the deep and abiding values of our university.”

The removal comes after the statue of the former Confederate general was vandalized Thursday.

Price’s statement recognized the vandalism.

“Wednesday night’s act of vandalism made clear that the turmoil and turbulence of recent months do not stop at Duke’s gates. We have a responsibility to come together as a community to determine how we can respond to this unrest in a way that demonstrates our firm commitment to justice, not discrimination; to civil protest, not violence; to authentic dialogue, not rhetoric; and to empathy, not hatred,” he said.

Earlier this week, several hundred alumni signed a petition calling for the statue’s removal.

In his statement, Price added that he is creating a commission of students, faculty, staff, alumni and members of the Durham community to review other buildings and sculptures on campus that memorialize people. It will create a set of guiding principles “to guide us when questions arise.”

The administration will also use the next year to explore various aspects of Duke’s history, he said. There will be a conversation about controversy and injustice in Duke’s history as well as a forum to explore academic freedom, freedom of speech and freedom of assembly.

The University also announced yesterday that it had been selected to host one of ten centers focused on racial healing and transformation nationwide.

“I have to say this acknowledgment is shared by graduate students and others in my lab. I want to thank the biochemistry department at Duke for giving me a scientific home,” Modrich said during a press conference held Wednesday at UNC to honor the Nobel Prize winners.

Modrich called into the conference while away on vacation in New Hampshire.

Modrich has been a Duke faculty member since 1976 and has studied the molecular machinery of DNA for most of his career, prompting Richard Brennan, James B. Duke professor of biochemistry and chair of the biochemistry department, to describe him as “a homegrown Duke biochemist.”

Modrich’s discovery of the mismatch repair mechanism demonstrated how errors made during DNA replication are corrected and paved the way for further understanding of cancer and many other diseases.

Nancy Andrews, dean of the School of Medicine, noted that Modrich’s work “is of fundamental importance to understanding cancer and other serious diseases.”

“This is an extremely proud moment for Paul and his laboratory and for all of Duke and shines a spotlight once again on the outstanding science here,” she wrote in an email.

Although the applications of Modrich’s work to cancer medicine and many other fields of biomedical research are significant, Lefkowitz noted that Modrich’s win is also a boost for basic science, which is the pursuit of understanding essential scientific processes and phenomena without focusing on immediate applications or treatments for diseases.

“It is simply driven by the curiosity of a scientist to understand a basic process,” he said.

Modrich has been an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute— a nonprofit organization with an endowment of $19 billion dedicated to funding scientists—since 1994. HHMI Senior IAN JAFFE Scientific Officer Bodo Stern explained The statue of Confederate General Robert E. that the mission of the HHMI is to pro- Lee sat in the missing column from 1932 until vide long-term support to scientists, its 2017 removal. rather than focus on specific projects.

dukechronicle.com

20 | TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024

Duke suspends in-person classes in response to COVID-19 pandemic

By NATHAN LUZUM March 10, 2020

On-campus classes will be suspended until further notice and spring break will be extended for a week, according to an email sent to the Duke community Tuesday evening.

Online classes will begin March 23, and students who are off campus are advised not to return to campus if possible. In addition, the University is suspending events on campus that will involve more than 50 individuals.

Facilities for on-campus students will be “limited,” and students who must return to campus will need to register with Student Affairs.

“This was not an easy decision to make and came only after reviewing the range of options available in light of the rapidly changing situation in North Carolina, and nationally,” President Vincent Price wrote in the email. “The goal is to minimize situations in which members of our community might be exposed to those who have COVID-19, and to protect our students, faculty and staff who might be at elevated risk.

Price explained that students and faculty will receive more detailed information Wednesday regarding the specifics of courses and support.

“In addition, we are developing plans to provide residential students with a prorated reimbursement of any previously paid and unused housing and dining fees,” he wrote. “Further information on those plans will be forthcoming.”

Mary Pat McMahon, vice president and vice provost for student affairs, and Gary Bennett, vice provost for undergraduate education, sent an email to students several hours after Price’s email.

“A decision of this magnitude is unprecedented in Duke’s history, and we need every student’s assistance,” they wrote, noting that subsequent information would be released in the coming days.

Gov. Roy Cooper declared a state of emergency in North Carolina Tuesday afternoon, following seven N.C. residents testing positive for COVID-19. The first case — a person who had recently visited Washington State — was identified in Wake County March 3, and the second came March 6 when a man who had returned from Italy tested positive.

Other colleges have taken measures to prevent the spread of the disease by moving to online classes or telling students to leave campus. Around 50 universities have canceled in-person classes in response, as of 6 p.m. Tuesday evening.

Vanderbilt University canceled classes until March 13, and is suspending in-person classes until at least March 30, whereas Harvard University announced that it would move classes online starting March 23 and asked students not to return to campus following the university’s spring break.

Some colleges in California and Washington have also modified their class schedules due to the growing prevalence of COVID-19 in the area.

HENRY HAGGART

The Chronicle

QUADEX ANNOUNCED

By LEAH BOYD and NADIA BEY Sept. 15, 2021

Duke will be rolling out a plan for a transition to a residential college system to begin fall 2022 over the next few days.

The plan is built around “a strong affiliation for students’ first-year homes and their sophomore year quad, with recruitment for Greek life and other selective living groups continuing in the fall of prospective recruits’ sophomore year,” according to an email obtained by The Chronicle from Mary Pat McMahon, vice provost and vice president of student affairs, Shruti Desai, associate vice president of student affairs for campus life and Chris Rossi, assistant vice president of student affairs.

The email states that the 2022-23 academic year will be the last year that selective living groups will have a dedicated residential section in campus housing.

“We are not ‘abolishing’ Greek life and have no plans to do so; we are, however, going to continue to emphasize a longer period of time in which incoming students focus on broadening their connections and affirmations within their residential communities,” the email reads.

The residential model will be centered around residential quads with their “own identity, traditions and social events,” similar to other private universities. “Initial implementation of some elements” is underway this semester, and the system will be fully operational in fall 2022.

First-years will continue to live on East, and beginning with the Class of 2025, one to two East Campus houses will be assigned to one of seven quads on West Campus.

Students cannot pick their quads. This is similar to the automated linking system that was established in spring 2020, but linking is now mandatory. The University will announce further details about linking this semester, according to the QuadEx FAQ. Current first-years will learn their assigned quad in spring 2022, and the Class of 2026 and following classes will learn their assigned East Campus and West Campus residences prior to move-in.

Students will still be able to rush selective living groups and Greek organizations, but selective housing will be phased out after the 2022-23 academic year.

Senior Christina Wang, president of Duke Student Government, wrote that QuadEx “plans to preserve and foster the

experience of LLCs, FOCUS groups, and academic-related groups.” “​​Quads will offer belonging, friendship, and continuity in the transition from East to West Campus, throughout their time at Duke, and well after graduation,” the website reads.

Students are allowed to select their roommates and request to block with friends, but all members of a block must be in the same Quad.

Students will live in their assigned quad in sophomore year but will still “retain affiliation with their quads” if they choose to live elsewhere after their sophomore year.

Approximately 125 beds will be reserved for upperclass students in each quad.

Juniors may live in their assigned quad or other upperclass housing on West, including Hollows Quad and 300 Swift. Seniors may live in any of these locations or off campus.

Wang wrote that the reason that Hollows isn’t part of the quad system is “a result of its different housing style (suite-style living).”

“Additionally, the goal of the Quad program is to build community in shared spaces such as the Gothics and more closely grouped Quads, making the Hollows less ideal as a community-building space for sophomores/ juniors,” Wang added.

Beginning in fall 2022, first-years will partake in a quad-based house course called “Duke-Durham 101,” which aims to prepare students for “good citizenship” at the University and in the surrounding community. Sophomores will participate in “Sophomore Spark,” which will provide academic and career programming and alumni networking opportunities.

Quads will also be assigned Faculty Affiliates, who will provide mentorship and support quad traditions without the residential component.

The planning for QuadEx began in 2018 with the launch of the Next Generation Living and Learning Experience task force, according to its FAQ page. Recommendations made by the second iteration of the committee shaped the current model, which will be rolled out at a later date as the University works out some of the logistics.

McMahon told The Chronicle Tuesday that Duke is still working through more logistics of QuadEx. She estimates that they will formally roll out the full plan the last week of September.

Jon Scheyer to succeed Krzyzewski after 2021-22 season

By MAX REGO June 2, 2021

The next Duke head coach is a man that, in the eyes of Blue Devil fans, needs no introduction.

With the announcement that Mike Krzyzewski will be stepping down after the 2021-22 season, college basketball as a whole received a shock to the system. But clearly, everyone involved with the decision was prepared for the news, as Krzyzewski’s replacement has already been named — former Blue Devil point guard and current associate head coach Jon Scheyer.

“Duke University has been a central part of my life for more than a decade, and I could not ask for a better place to continue my career,” Scheyer said in a team release.

“This is absolutely humbling. First, I offer extreme gratitude to the greatest coach of

all time whose career is unrivaled in basketball. Coach K has built the premier program in our sport thanks to his unwavering competitive edge, a tireless attention to detail, a family-first approach and a remarkable compassion and care of his players, coaches, and staff. He has set a standard that every coach at every level should strive to achieve.”

Since 2013, Scheyer has been part of the Blue Devil brain trust, initially as a special assistant. Over time, though, the former Duke floor general and captain was elevated by Krzyzewski, first to fulltime assistant in 2014 and then to associate head coach in 2018.

“I’d also like to express my sincere appreciation to President Vincent Price, [Vice President and current Director of Athletics] Kevin White and [incoming

Vice President and Director of Athletics] Nina King for believing in me and providing me this opportunity,” Scheyer said. “It is an honor to call this great institution my alma mater, and I’m deeply committed to furthering its academic and athletics excellence while continuing the championship legacy of Duke Basketball.”

Scheyer has been an instrumental figure on the recruiting trail in recent years, forging connections with the likes of Jayson Tatum, Zion Williamson and Paolo Banchero. The 33-year-old still has time to evolve from a schematics perspective, but it’s safe to say that Scheyer will have no trouble bringing in top-end talent at the start of his tenure.

While donning the blue and white, Scheyer was a beloved and productive point guard from 2006-10, leading the

Blue Devils to the 2010 National Championship alongside Nolan Smith and Kyle Singler. During his four years, the Chicago native averaged 14.4 points, 3.6 rebounds and 3.1 assists per contest, and sits 10th all-time in scoring for the Blue Devils.

“The continuation of our culture at Duke is paramount to future success,” Krzyzewski said. “That is why I am so grateful that President Vincent Price, Kevin White and Nina King determined that Jon Scheyer represents our best path forward. He is clearly ready for this opportunity and has shown it repeatedly throughout his playing career and as a coach on our staff the past eight seasons.

Jon is a rising star in our profession and Duke basketball could not be in better hands in the future.”

The Chronicle

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TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024 | 21

Join us for a year of reflection and celebration!

Duke University is proud to present a year-long series of memorable events, activities, and programs to connect students, staff and alumni around the globe and in Durham.

Visit 100.duke.edu to see the Centennial Calendar

22 | TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024

The Chronicle

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Celebrating 100 Years of Duke Congratulations Duke on 100 years!

From Epworth to Hollows we are honored to be your home away from home and look forward to another 100 years in residence.

Since 1986, the National and World Champion Bouncing Bulldogs Jump Rope Team has promoted physical fitness and life values for children in Durham and beyond.

We look forward to remaining a partner for years to come.

students.duke.edu/living/housing/

bouncingbulldogs.org

We want to wish Duke a Happy 100 years! Alden Place has been proud to provide members of the Duke community with a space to live and call their home.

The Duke Dance Program celebrates the centennial in motion and magnificence.

Happy Birthday, Duke!

aldenplaceapartments.com

danceprogram.duke.edu

dukefcu.org

Sending Duke students to study away since 1927!

Looking forward to supporting Duke’s student-athletes and teams for the next 100 years and beyond! GO DUKE!

Celebrate 100 years with us!

Proud to adorn the Duke Community through all of life’s memorable moments. Duke employees receive 10% off select items with Duke Perqs.

globaled.duke.edu

goduke.com/sports/iron-dukes

jewelsmith.com

Cheers to 100 years!

Happy Birthday, Duke. stationnine.com

Happy Century Duke!

Cheers to 100 Years of Excellence and Building a Brighter Future for All.

The Chronicle

dukechronicle.com

Duke Service-Learning celebrates the University’s longstanding tradition of community-engagement.

Happy Centennial, Duke!

TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024 | 23

Our gated community offers 1- and 2-bedroom apartment homes with large floor plans and impeccably designed interiors in Durham, NC! Only 5 minutes from Duke University! We look forward to remaining a partner for years to come.

Cheers to 100 years, Duke!

universityridgeapartments.com

cosmicacantina.com

Congratulations on 100 Years!

Shop our entire collection of Centennial merchandise at The University Store and online.

Happy 100 years, Duke!

Cheers, Blue Devils!

Come watch the game or hang out in our beer garden with a local craft beer, wine or cider!

shop.duke.edu

bluelightliving.com

flyingbullbeercompany.com

Defining the Mediterranean Diet

Happy 100 years, Duke, from NJ’s original acai shop serving acai bowls, pitaya bowls, coconut bowls, chia, oatmeal, smoothies, juices & more!

mediterraneandeli.com

playabowls.com

servicelearning.duke.edu

Happy 100th birthday, Duke!

We look forward to continuing to support Latin Americanist students and faculty for many more years to come! latinamericancaribbean.duke.edu

OUE celebrates Duke’s rich legacy by ensuring student success, transformative student-faculty connections, and engaging experiential education opportunities.

Happy 100th Duke! undergrad.duke.edu | @duke.cue

Celebrating 100 years, and setting the stage for a new century.

dukearts.org

Cheers to 100 years of Duke and Memorial Gym (Brodie Recreation Center)! recreation.duke.edu | @dukerec