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Wendell Carter Jr. declares for NBA Draft

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTEENTH YEAR, ISSUE 80

STUDENTS AT SATURDAY’S PROTEST COULD FACE DISCIPLINARY ACTION

Staff Reports The Chronicle

From Atlanta to Durham to the Association—for one of Duke’s freshman forwards, one season is all he will play at the collegiate level. Wendell Carter Jr. announced on his 19th birthday Monday afternoon via an Instagram post that he will forgo his remaining three years of eligibility and declare for this June’s 2018 NBA Draft. The Atlanta native is projected as a consensus lottery selection and joins classmates Marvin Bagley III, Gary Trent Jr. and Trevon Duval as the final of Duke’s four freshmen who will leave the Blue Devils this offseason to join the professional ranks. “I want to thank Duke University, my coaches and teammates for helping me so much, not only on the court, but off it as well,” Carter said in a team press release. “We’re all brothers, we all have each other’s backs. I’m really going to miss being around my friends, but I’m really going to cherish the moments we had together. See CARTER on Page 9

UNIVERSITY

Duke to become smoke-free campus in 2020 Staff Reports The Chronicle

Duke will officially become a smoke-free campus starting July 1, 2020, according to an email sent by President Vincent Price to the Duke community. Price wrote that the new regulations will apply to combustible forms of tobacco—such as cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos and hookahs—but will not apply to e-cigarettes, chewing tobacco or therapeutic products containing nicotine. “This decision was made after considerable study and engagement with student groups, faculty and staff,” he wrote. Duke University Stores will stop selling tobacco on July 1 as the first step in the effort to make the University a smoke-free campus. The announcement comes in the wake of student efforts to ban all forms of combustible tobacco from campus. Price cited the dangers of smoking as the primary See SMOKE-FREE on Page 4

Adam Beyer | Contributing Photographer

By Adam Beyer | Digital Strategy Director Sarah Kerman | Senior News Reporter Students involved in Saturday’s disruption of President Vincent Price’s address to alumni may now face disciplinary action. The students who took the stage received an email Monday from Stephen Bryan, associate dean of students and director of the Office of Student Conduct, stating that OSC is “launching an inquiry into this matter in order to determine whether to proceed with possible university disciplinary action.” “It would be profoundly ironic, morally wrong and deeply disappointing if administrators went forward with punishing students for a demonstration held on a weekend dedicated to honoring the 1968 Silent Vigil,” the group wrote in a statement Tuesday night.

In the statement, the students wrote that they hope administrators will negotiate in good faith on the issues the students have raised. “Furthermore, no inquiry of hate and bias has been opened by the administration regarding the action of several alumni during the event who screamed, cursed and hurled racial epithets at students, threatening their safety,” the group wrote. Before the students took the stage on Saturday for approximately 15 minutes, Sue Wasiolek, associate vice president for student affairs and dean of students, passed out leaflets noting that disruptive protests violate University policy. “Disruptive picketing, protesting or demonstration on Duke University property or at any place in use for an authorized See PROTEST on Page 4

How one Olympian alum became an activist By Claire Ballentine Towerview Editor

As a sophomore at Duke, Nancy Hogshead-Makar went for a run between East and West Campus, an activity that many students do on a weekly basis. The difference is that, one morning, Hogshead-Makar was pulled into the woods and raped. In the 30 years since, the former Olympic swimmer has turned her hardships into motivation to fight for equality in sports and to stand up for those who have been sexually abused by their coaches. As the #MeToo movement continues to gain traction, more and more instances of sexual misconduct in athletics are coming to light. “The #MeToo movement let people know how frequently women are

Goodson Chapel hosts ‘Breach of Peace’ One-man play ‘Breach of Peace’ shares stories of and the struggles of the Civil Rights Movement.

sexually abused and harassed, that this is a normal part of a woman’s life,” Hogshead-Makar said. The work to combat sexual harassment—whether in the boardroom, the classroom or the swimming pool— is far from over, and since her time on campus, Hogshead-Makar has been one of the strong figures leading the charge. Duke origins Even before she enrolled in college in 1980, Hogshead-Makar was a world-class athlete, the number one swimmer in the country at senior nationals as a 12-year-old. With a scholarship to Duke, she was on the path to the Olympics until that fateful day during her sophomore year. “It really threw a curveball in my life,” she said. “I really thought my swimming career

was over. I couldn’t be alone with my own thoughts.” Although she continued to excel academically, she couldn’t sleep and never felt safe no matter what she did, suffering from what she now knows was PTSD. However, she said that the support she received at Duke helped her recover. Sue Wasiolek, associate vice president for student affairs and dean of students, was especially crucial in helping her continue her courses. See OLYMPIAN on Page 3

Why we demonstrate the freedom riders PAGE 7

The group “People’s State of the University” writes about why its members protested Saturday. @dukechronicle @dukebasketball |

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2 | WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 2018

DSG senator wants to increase diversity at Duke establishes Barber Shop. But shop leadership disagrees new engineering scholarship program By Ben Leonard Staff Reporter

For one DSG senator, Duke Barber Shop isn’t good enough for students of color on campus. Sophomore Quinci King, senator for Durham and regional affairs in Duke Student Government, launched a campaign increase haircut options for people of color because, he said, all the barbers are white males. In March, DSG President Riyanka Ganguly, a senior, included information on King’s project in a weekly email blast to the undergraduate student body, noting that students should contact King if they had input or were interested in helping. Currently, the Barber Shop—which is located in the basement of the Bryan Center—lacks “diversity in opportunities for people of color to receive adequate haircuts,” she wrote. But the idea hasn’t been met with rosy reception from the shop itself.

Aaditya Jain | Associate Photography Editor All the barbers currently working at Duke Barber Shop, located in the Bryan Center, are white males.

David Fowler, manager of Duke Barber Shop, said that though all the barbers are white, two have been trained in a “black barber shop.” Fowler, who has worked there for 58 years, noted that he has experienced no such problems from the 1960s to the present day. “We haven’t had any problems,” he said. “If someone else wants to make a problem, that’s their problem.” Fowler added that he recently worked with three barbers of color, but two retired and the other died. Through the years, Duke Barber Shop employees have “done the best we could,” said Fowler, who is retiring at the end of the semester to “get my behind out of it.” “I’ve had a wonderful life and met so many people, whether they are black, red or purple. It’s been great,” Fowler said. “I can see a lot of unrest here. If a minority wants to take the shop, you go right upstairs to [Jim] Wilkerson and make arrangements.” Wilkerson, director of trademark licensing and stores operations, manages the barbershop. He did not respond in time for publication after multiple requests for comment by The Chronicle. King said he was discussing haircuts with others in the Mary Lou Williams Center for Black Culture and found that many students had to go to extreme lengths to find a good barber. That increases the cost of a haircut “exponentially,” King said, because students often have to take Ubers to off-campus barber shops. The barbers don’t know how to cut the people of color’s hair, King said. He is hoping to make a pitch to Duke University Stores to increase diversity in its staff of barbers. “Subjectively, [the barbers] don’t know how to, whether they’re trained or not,” King said. “I don’t personally know anyone that trusts Duke Barber Shop to cut their hair.” Originally, King reached out to the Barber Shop regarding his proposal. However, he said he never heard back. King said he wants to demonstrate the interest that he feels many in the community have for a more diverse set of

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By Shagun Vashisth Health and Science News Editor

Duke received a grant to establish a new undergraduate program focused on leadership, service, business and entrepreneurship at the Pratt School of Engineering. President Vincent Price announced the $15 million grant from the A. James and Alice B. Clark Foundation April 2. This endowment represents the single largest gift to Pratt in support of an undergraduate scholarship program. The A. James Clark Scholars program will work to expand engineering education and create a new generation of entrepreneurs and leaders in the field. “Duke University offers a transformative undergraduate experience, and the Clark Scholars program will help us open the doors even wider to those opportunities,” Price said in a press release. “We are enormously grateful for this gift, which will advance our broader commitments to create global leaders in technological and scientific discovery.” As part of the program, Clark Scholars will engage in service-learning experiences, business courses, leadership training and one-on-one mentorship seminars throughout their time at Duke. The class will include 10 students every year chosen based on financial need, academic accomplishments, engagement in engineering and leadership skills. “Technology is profoundly changing the world, and engineering leaders with business savvy and entrepreneurial mindsets will undoubtedly shape our future,” said Ravi Bellamkonda, Vinik dean of engineering and professor of biomedical engineering. “The Clark Scholars program will make the outstanding opportunities See SCHOLARSHIP on Page 4

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OLYMPIAN FROM PAGE 1 “I got what I think every rape victim should get—people believed that it happened,” Hogshead-Makar said. “The right people believed in the depth of how painful this was and how difficult it was to recover.” Wasiolek said that though she doesn’t recall the exact steps Duke took to help, she does remember how Hogshead-Makar handled the situation. “I remember her strength and her courage and her resilience,” Wasiolek said. “I still jog along Campus Drive, and I don’t pass that spot without thinking of her.” Hogshead-Makar noted that Wasiolek helped her move into a new dorm on West Campus so that she wouldn’t have to walk through the woods. When she went to pay multiple parking tickets—from parking illegally so she wouldn’t have to walk by herself—the transportation department gave her a permit allowing her to park closer. Her swimming coach Bob Thompson also encouraged her to take time off. “He said, ‘Nancy, you’re just going to take a break, and you are going to win at 1984 Olympics,” Hogshead-Makar noted. “I thought, this guy is crazy. There was no model for anyone taking a break at all.” During her time away from the pool, she spent time with her sisters in Pi Beta Phi sorority and got introduced to the Women’s Studies department. Jean O’Barr, a former professor, was particularly influential in inspiring her later work as an activist. Slowly, she began to heal and returned to swimming in 1983. Her coach said all she had to do to keep her scholarship was show up to the meets. “The first meet I was so out of shape, I could barely warm up, but I won. Then [I] went to [the] next meet and swam even faster,”

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 2018 | 3

Hogshead-Makar said. “All it did was it gave me the hunger back again.” She continued the work and made it to the 1984 Olympics, where she won three gold medals and one silver medal. But she didn’t forget about Duke, returning after three semesters of Olympic training to graduate with a degree in political science in 1986. At the Olympics, she realized that she could do something with the fame that swimming had brought her. She decided she wanted to help women and that law was the best way to do this. “I understood there was this thing called sexism that affected women, but I thought I could achieve out of it because I was smart and hardworking and talented,” Hogshead-Makar said. “I thought I could bypass sexism, but I learned it didn’t matter #MeToo was a how hard I worked.”

everybody,” she said. Hogshead-Makar explained that her own experiences at Duke after her rape helped her understand what colleges should be doing to help victims. “I was an expert witness in cases where the school did the exact opposite of what the dean’s office did for me,” she said. “It was a recipe for disaster.” In addition, she’s worked extensively to combat sexual abuse in the Olympic realm, noting that previously there was no safety net for victims. In 2012, Hogshead-Makar helped pressure the U.S. Olympic Committee to pass a resolution that requires all national sports governing bodies to outlaw romantic and sexual relationships between coaches and athletes. “It’s a new world way of saying order for coaches to understand they can’t to the world, this is not an Advocacy work look at the track as a bar, After graduating isolated example. as someplace to look for from Georgetown Law nancy hogshead-makar romance,” she said. School, HogsheadShe also helped with TRINITY ‘86 AND OLYMPIAN Makar worked with the efforts to ban her former Women’s Sports Foundation, which aims to U.S. Olympic team coach Mitch Ivey who increase girls’ access to sports. She moved up sexually harassed her and her teammates. He the ranks during her 30 years there, as a board eventually received a lifetime ban from USA member, then vice president and president. Swimming in 2013. She also served as a legal adviser from 2003 to “I witnessed firsthand a lot of lying, and 2010 and as the senior director of advocacy saying one thing and doing another,” she said. from 2010 to 2014. Issues that she worked on “All because Mitch Ivey was very popular.” included athlete abuse by coaches and Title In 2014, she started the organization IX enforcement. Champion Women, which leads targeted efforts She has also assisted colleges in addressing to address sexual abuse in sports and to promote sexual violence on campus. For instance, sports access and equality. after Lisa Simpson was sexually assaulted by Hogshead-Makar noted that she enjoys University of Colorado football players in 2001, having a board who is fully supportive of the school hired Hogshead-Makar to help them everything the organization does. She also make changes to their procedures. likes working with the two to five research “I came in and made sure that those assistants throughout the school year, who are changes stuck and that the athletic department law school students. didn’t get away from the rest of the school, One of the group’s recent successes is the and to make sure the processes were fair to passage of the Safe Sports Act in 2017, which

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states that all youth sports organizations must report sexual abuse to law enforcement within 24 hours. In addition, the act extends the statute of limitations for reporting and says that victims of sexual abuse are to be compensated with a mandatory minimum of $150,000. “A lot of these efforts require years and years of sustained pressure and effort to make them happen,” she said. “Some people think all the things we’ve done have to do with Larry Nassar, but if we hadn’t laid the groundwork for the whole thing, [I’m] not sure it would’ve made the kind of change it did.” She indicated that the Larry Nassar case exemplifies how much power coaches have over athletes. The former USA Gymnastics national team doctor and osteopathic physician at Michigan State University was accused of molesting at least 250 female athletes and was sentenced to up to 175 years in prison earlier this year. “Under the rest of society, when one person has a lot of power over another person, you have very bright lines in terms of boundaries,” she said. “There are prohibitions on romantic and sexual relationships. For some reason, sports got [left] out of that completely.” For years, many sports organizations did nothing to protect children or give them a reporting mechanism, she said. However, with new laws being passed and the #MeToo movement in full swing, there is hope on the horizon, though work still needs to be done. “It affects all women,” Hogshead-Makar said. “#MeToo was a way of saying to the world, this is not an isolated example.” Wasiolek thinks Hogshead-Makar is the perfect person to advocate for women’s rights because she is level-headed, well-spoken and knows how to bring people together. “She is so highly regarded, and when she speaks, people truly do listen,” Wasiolek said. “I couldn’t be more pleased and delighted that she has taken on this as her life mission.”

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SCHOLARSHIP

challenges,” Bellamkonda said. The first cohort of Clark Scholars will be from the Class of 2022, making Duke the 10th campus nationwide with a Clark Scholars program. Duke joins George Washington University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Johns Hopkins University, the University of Maryland, University of Pennsylvania, Stevens Institute of Technology, Vanderbilt University, the University of Virginia and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. “We are honored to partner with Duke University to establish the Clark Scholars program as part of our commitment to building the pipeline of future engineers,” said Joe Del Guercio, president and CEO of the A. James and Alice B. Clark Foundation, in the press release. “We are particularly excited about the entrepreneurial focus at Duke; Mr. Clark believed that the best engineers also developed strong business acumen.”

FROM PAGE 2 at Duke Engineering more accessible to a diverse population of students.” The program is a part of Pratt’s ongoing initiative to encourage entrepreneurship among its undergraduate students. Clark Scholars will participate in workshops and grant competitions through the Entrepreneurship @ Duke Engineering program, which seeks to provide training and mentorship to faculty and students with commercial ambitions for their research and ideas. “[The Clark Scholars Program] will open the path for bright people to pursue entrepreneurial approaches with the potential to transform not only their lives, but the lives of others as they design solutions for the world’s greatest

BARBER SHOP FROM PAGE 2 barbers by bringing potential employees in from the Durham community. On Tuesday, he will bring three barbers to the Underground Multipurpose Room at the Mary Lou Williams Center to cut hair “back-to-back-to-back” from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. From there, King said he would present an analysis of the event to Duke University Stores in a bid to convince them to bring in a more diverse set of barbers. “They would have big benefits to reap,” he said. The Barber Shop has been embroiled in controversy recently. Backlash has centered around a homophobic comment made from an Instagram account with the handle @duke_ barber_shop last Tuesday. On a post about Greek Ally Week by the @dukestudents Instagram page, the @duke_

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barber_shop account left a comment that read, “Quit whining and being a p****. Live your life. Quit making a big deal outta things and it won’t be.” The photo was of Greek Ally Week Co-Director Lukas Gschwandtner, a senior, holding a sign that read “Greek Ally Week helped me become more comfortable with my authentic self.” The account, which has since been deleted, was not affiliated with the Duke Barber Shop, said Kristen Brown, Duke’s associate vice president of news, communications and media. But prior to Brown’s comment, Emilie Dye, associate director for fraternity and sorority life, sent an apology to Gschwandtner via email. On the issue of diversity, King labeled the current current practice at the Barber Shop as “discriminatory.” “They’re missing out on a huge economic advantage,” he said. “It’s pretty discriminatory to not give adequate haircuts to people of color, which is a pretty big demographic at Duke.”

SMOKE-FREE FROM PAGE 1 reason behind his decision. “In taking this important step, Duke will be joining many other colleges and universities across the country that have adopted smoke-free policies,” he wrote. “Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in North Carolina and the United States. Research reveals that two thirds of smokers will die from an illness caused by smoking. This new policy reflects our commitment to the health of every person who studies or works in our community.”

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university purpose is prohibited,” states one bullet point of the leaflet, quoting the Duke Student Handbook. In its explanation for the protest policy, Duke’s student handbook invokes issues of free speech. “The substitution of noise for speech and force for reason is a rejection and not an application of academic freedom,” the policy states. “A determination to discourage conduct which is disruptive and disorderly does not threaten academic freedom; it is rather, a necessary condition of its very existence.” According to the handbook, those in violation of the protest policy have their cases heard by University Judicial Board. The Judicial Board’s decision is final if the student is exonerated or if there is no appeal. If the student opts to appeal then their case is reviewed by the Hearing Committee of the Judicial Board, a panel which consists of two faculty members, one dean and two students. After the resolution of the week-long occupation of the Allen Building in 2016, the students involved received notice of formal misconduct proceedings. An amnesty agreement had already been reached for the occupation of the building but administrators argued that students’ use of the Allen Building balcony violated that agreement. Each occupier had a meeting with Bryan and the charges against the students were later dropped. In a statement to the Chronicle, President Vincent Price expressed concern with the methods the protestors chose to use to get their point across. “I welcome the engagement and passion of our students on matters of critical importance to the university. That said, I am deeply disappointed that our students would choose to violate Duke’s most ardently defended principles of free speech and civil discourse by disrupting an event and preventing others from engaging in dialogue,” Price wrote in an email. “It is unfortunate that these students, rather than approach me to discuss these issues in a more constructive manner, instead opted to disrupt others who were participating in a long-planned alumni event. Had they approached me with their concerns, I certainly would have been willing to speak with them.” Price added that moving forward he plans to engage with the students on the issues they brought up, noting that he has begun reviewing the list of concerns with other administrators. “I trust that these students are absolutely sincere in their efforts to improve Duke; I share in their desires to improve Duke; and I would ask for their trust in our sincere efforts to work together to these ends. I have reviewed the list of concerns and have asked members of my leadership team to do so as well,” he wrote. “Many if not most of them have been the focus of concerted attention— over many years preceding my arrival here and certainly in the months since—and indeed a great many students, faculty, staff and alumni are already working diligently and in good faith to address and we hope solve them. Those efforts will continue and, where possible, will accelerate.”

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VOLUME 19, ISSUE 80 | APRIL 18, 2018

breach of peace One-man play recounts stories of freedom riders, page 7

a managing editorâ€™s goodbye Recess managing editor reflects on her tenure, page 6

R recess editors

Worst thing about Recess this year? Christy Kuesel .................. curry-worst Sarah Derris.......................... milanos Will Atkinson ................ my leadership Nina Wilder ..........lack of OJ coverage Selena Qian ......................the pitches Eva Hong...................................stairs Alizeh Sheikh .................. late-comers Lexi Bateman ........................... MERP Sydny Long ........................ interviews Jessica Williams ..................... recess Likhitha Butchireddygari.............nina

on the cover: Duke’s new Satellite Park Photo by Sarah Derris.

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6 | WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 2018

“I’m heavily interested in the arts (especially film) so I think the Recess section would be a good fit.” I wrote that in an email I sent Sept. 14, 2016, to a former Chronicle recruitment chair. And I can easily say — with full knowledge of how corny and clichéd it sounds — that email changed my life. I know what you’re thinking, but level with me here: It actually changed the course of my existence as I once imagined it. When I came to Duke, I was ready to major in political science and pursue a life in policy or law or maybe even public service. Writing and film studies were hobbies more than anything else, beloved passions that would inevitably be pushed to the wayside to make room for a more viable or meaningful career. Not to mention, my mother was most satisfied with this trajectory — “How else are you going to make a difference in the world?” she’d exclaim. But when depression and anxiety blindsided my mental health immediately after move in, I became desperate. The desperation was partly for an extracurricular to fill my time (depression and anxiety love unoccupied time), and partly to bond with someone who lived down the hall from me. I’d read his first article, in which he interviewed the drummer who scored the 2014 film “Birdman,” and I was in awe that he received such an amazing assignment for his first article. I also really wanted to be his friend. With all of that in mind, I took the leap and showed up at a Recess meeting. The rest, I suppose, is welldocumented history. It’s easy to write off what we do at Recess as unimportant or inessential — after all, university-wide scandals and hardcore investigative journalism aren’t really our purview. And yet, it’s this want to minimize arts journalism — to reduce it simply to reviews and pop culture think pieces — that makes Recess as critical to The Chronicle as the sports or news sections. “Arts” and “culture” sound empty and vast, but they’re ripe for definition. On a campus as large as Duke’s, in a city as historically and artistically rich as Durham, Recess’s job in exploring and defining these concepts is immense. Perhaps we’re not the artists ourselves, but we’re documentarians,

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historians, journalists and writers — and our words contain power and the potential for change. Still, we face dire straits. During my time with Recess, as both a staff writer and managing editor, I’ve realized how inconsequential the arts are at Duke. The university touts itself to potential firstyears as a liberal arts institution that is committed to advancing the arts on campus (usually through jaw-dropping displays of wealth). I’m afraid that’s not the case. Duke is a research institution. For better or worse, it cares more about its graduate students in medicine and technology than the hundred or so undergraduates studying and practicing the arts. Would you like access to a 3-D printer on campus? There are more than

staff note a dozen in the Rubenstein Arts Center, available to use and free of charge. Looking to shoot, process and edit 16mm film? That’ll cost you at least $100, and the only film editing suite on campus is a cramped, dingy room in Smith Warehouse. No promises that any of the equipment in there works, either. That’s really what I want my work with Recess to reflect: Beyond any specific campus event that I’ve reported on or personal essay that I’ve written, I yearn to convey the urgency with which

we must address the arts on campus and the pivotal role they play in our day-to-day collegiate lives. As funding cuts devastate our public schools’ ability to support and prioritize the arts, it is the responsibility of private universities — with their billion-dollar endowments and bottomless donations — to create a strong and vibrant arts community for students who wouldn’t otherwise have access to one. Duke is far from apathetic in this regard, and its attempts at funding the arts are well-intentioned. But money can only buy so many glass boxes. Adequate infrastructure, accessible resources, community involvement and genuine investment in creative organizations on campus will reap unimaginably positive outcomes. At the end of my sophomore year, as I prepare to step down from my position as the managing editor for Recess, I find myself at a crossroads: Where do I go from here? What’s the right direction? This fall, when I’m studying away in New York City, I’ll ache for my beloved arts and culture section, the memories it’s given me and the beautiful friendships it’s helped me form. But I fear most the dulling of that ache and the gradual detachment from Recess that I’ll feel. No longer at its helm, no longer able to call it mine (as protective and possessive of it as I might feel). It’s change that I’ve always feared most, but I have absolutely no reason to resist it — I’m proud of what I’ve accomplished during my tenure and I have every reason to believe that Recess will continue to give visibility to the most overlooked arts and artists on campus. —Nina Wilder

read more online check out dukechronicle.com/section/arts-culture for more articles!

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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 2018 | 7

campus arts

One-man play ‘Breach of Peace’ shares stories of the Freedom Riders By Alizeh Sheikh Contributing Writer

Watching Mike Wiley’s one-man play “Breach of Peace” was a bit of an otherworldly, other-era experience. The hour-long play, performed April 12 at Goodson Chapel, chronicles the history of the Freedom Riders, a group of civil rights activists who rode interstate buses in the 1960s South to call to national attention the non-enforcement of two Supreme Court rulings that mandated the desegregation of public bus systems. Wiley’s performance was certainly an ode to this historical pathway. However, my bewilderment was magnified by the sensation that Wiley was opening up this time capsule but not revealing all its contents. The most impactful component of his play was not necessarily the performance itself but rather the video montages that bookended it: The first montage served to immerse the audience in the context of the Civil Rights movement through a diversity of carefully-selected clips that portrayed stoic marchers protesting, tenacious students conducting wade-ins on segregated beaches and people of faith fervently worshipping in their local churches. In order to ensure that the audience’s absorption in this era would and could not be romanticized, Wiley refused to shy away from violence, including clips of white mobs harassing activists or beating them until blood streamed down their faces. “We have to complicate history, we have to show that history is not clean,” said Wiley. “It’s not sewn up with a button, it’s messy and complicated through and through.” The video montage screened at the end of his performance served to reel the audience out of history, allowing them to trace the historical continuity from the 1960s to now. Clips of the Freedom Riders stood alongside videos and photographs of current-day protesters and activists, allowing history to become tangible and feel all the more relevant: What the Freedom Riders accomplished sent shockwaves into the future, and we wouldn’t be where we are today if it were not for them. If the montages managed to be elucidating and arresting, Wiley’s performance at times

felt hermetic and difficult to grasp. The play itself served more as an ode to another era and did not draw any connections between the Freedom Riders movement and modern day. A quick perusal of the history of the Freedom Riders reveals a number of salient questions that remain pertinent: Is the division between the federal and local governments a barrier to increased civil rights? What are the implications when politicians equate the demonstrative actions of activists with the discriminatory behavior of those attempting to maintain the status quo? The historical continuity of questions like these was not addressed in the play yet was consistently emphasized by Wiley in our interview. For example, he drew parallels between Bobby Kennedy’s request that the Riders “show restraint” and Trump’s comments regarding the white nationalist rally that took place last year in Charlottesville, Virginia. “That’s why what Donald Trump said about the white nationalists as well as the peaceful protesters in Charlottesville is stuck in the craw of so many Americans of a certain age, because they remembered Bobby and John F. Kennedy equating these Freedom Riders and these racists to ‘extremists on both sides,’” Wiley said. Wiley also drew strong corollaries between the Freedom Riders and the Parkland, Florida. students leading today’s gun reform movement. “People get upset about the Parkland students, saying, ‘These kids are being used for a political agenda,’” Wiley said. “Well, if we go back to the Civil Rights movement, we see people saying, ‘Oh, Martin Luther King is just using these young people to get political traction.’ It’s just not new, it’s not new at all.” Additionally, the play was somewhat disorienting due to the fact that Wiley played more than 12 different characters. Although he changed from one personage to another by changing his voice and posture and revealing a headshot of the character on the main projector, it was difficult to tell

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Courtesy of the Duke Center for Documentary Studies “Breach of Peace” chronicles the Freedom Riders’ fight for the desegregation of the public bus system.

the different characters apart because they all utilized language in the same manner and shared the same linguistic style of speaking. The blending of narratives was further exacerbated by the sheer number of names and locations that Wiley listed. However, these complications may not have bothered the Class of 1968 alumni, for whom the event was organized and who constituted a majority of the audience. These individuals came of age in the 1960s and likely require a less simplified contextualization than someone my age would. Additionally, the one-man play is

targeted toward a general audience of high schoolers and middle schoolers and may avoid being too complex or divisive. “At first I thought the play would be a supplement to what they were learning in schools, but I’m increasingly seeing that it’s now the whole package,” Wiley said. Anyone familiar with the Civil Rights era knows that the Freedom Riders left an indelible mark on American history. Even as Wiley accentuated the historical parallels in our conversation, his play managed to capture and transmit their story but not the imprint it left behind.

Sports 8 | WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 2018

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THE BLUE ZONE

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BASEBALL

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WHAT A RELIEF

Dominant Blue Devil bullpen fueling Duke’s surprise success in 2018 By Mitchell Gladstone Sports Managing Editor

Under the bright lights of the big leagues, it looks a little something like this: the bullpen door swings open and the reliever, fresh off his final warm-up tosses, trots across the warning track before breaking into a light jog. The stadium’s stereo system blares Metallica’s “Enter Sandman,” Guns n’ Roses’ “Welcome to the Jungle,” AC/DC’s “Hell’s Bells” or something of that ilk and the flamethrower settles in on the mound, ready to do his bidding as the crowd rises to its feet. For this group of Blue Devils, it’s been far from that. Yet without much fanfare, Duke has developed arguably the best and deepest bullpen in the ACC—if not one of the top units in the nation—and behind an eclectic mix of experienced hurlers and young stars, this crop of Blue Devil relievers has helped carry the team to its highest ranking ever. “Last year, there were a lot of freshmen in there, so just having the year of experience helps them, so they can grow after being thrown into the fire,” graduate student Ethan DeCaster said. “We’ve kind of settled into these different roles and we feed off one another. Just like hitting is contagious, pitching is contagious too—after one guy goes, it becomes easier to transition to the next and we can kind of feed off each other’s energy.” Ironically enough, DeCaster wasn’t even a part of last year’s team. The sidearming 6-foot-3 righty spent his four years as an undergraduate at Creighton in Omaha, Neb., working as both a setup man and a closer for the Bluejays and earning second-team All-Big East honors in his senior season. With one remaining season of eligibility, the Minnesotan reached out to several programs and ultimately found a strong connection with Duke head coach Chris Pollard before

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Duke’s seven relievers with at least 10 appearances this year have combined to post a 2.04 ERA. committing to play his final year of college baseball in Durham. Ever since, DeCaster has been almost perfect, logging the most innings of any Duke pitcher without a start while surrendering just one earned run with a stellar 0.67 WHIP. But success for the veteran hurler hasn’t come out of thin air. “Having those experiences, you look back on them and grow from them,” DeCaster said. “My first year at Creighton, you just get thrown into it and you don’t know how to adjust to the college grind of a longer season. So now, having been through a few seasons of this, I can just help all the younger guys—get them on board quicker and just relay some of the things I’ve learned over my time to help them grow.” Of all the relievers that DeCaster has impacted since joining the Blue Devils, senior Jack Labosky has potentially benefitted most. Labosky, Duke’s everyday starting third baseman, also fills the role of the closer and has yet to allow an earned run on his way to six saves in 12 appearances this season.

Part of this is due to the fact that DeCaster is now absorbing some innings that Labosky might have thrown last season, and, as Labosky explained, some of it is simply due to luck. Pollard also said the Blue Devil closer has continued his growth through the development of his arsenal. “One of the things that’s allowed him to make a jump in terms of the level of his success was the development of a slider,” Pollard said. “That’s a pitch he didn’t have last year. For his first three years at Duke, he’s tried to pitch like Trevor Hoffman—fastball and changeup. Now, he’s got a third pitch, and that’s really helped him have a pitch that moves away from righties and that he can move in toward lefties.” Pollard has gotten plenty of help from his assistants—in particular, former pitching coach Pete Maki who was hired by the Minnesota Twins this offseason to become a minor-league pitching coordinator. That move ultimately led to Duke’s hiring of Dusty Blake, who helped Division III Pfeiffer

to its first back-to-back winning seasons since Pollard left that program back in 2004. And what Maki started, Blake has only continued—Pollard used the word ‘hyperindividualization’ in the sense that Blake has developed strong bonds with his young pitchers, even in a short period of time, allowing the Blue Devil throwers to take “a lot of ownership in what they do.” “He knows all his stuff,” Labosky said. “Mechanics-wise, he’s helping guys left and right increasing velocity or if they might be on the road to having an injury, he knows how to correct that with different exercises to keep them healthy. For me, he’s kind of just let me go, which is nice. If things are going right, he doesn’t try to impose his philosophy on them too much.” Blake’s influence has stretched well beyond just Labosky and DeCaster. In fact, the seven Duke relievers that have made double-digit appearances this season have combined to hold opponents to just 113 hits in 171 2/3 innings with a 2.04 ERA. Of that group, freshman Matt Dockman ranks third in ERA behind the Blue Devils’ shutdown tandem of DeCaster and Labosky and sophomore Graeme Stinson has 52 strikeouts, trailing only starter Mitch Stallings. Perhaps most importantly, Dockman—a highly-touted freshman southpaw out of Hilliard, Ohio—has remained steady, throwing in big situations time and time again and adding more depth to a group that has more weapons than it can really use in any given game “When you see him out there on the mound, he carries himself like a junior or senior—not like a freshman,” Pollard said of Dockman. “From the day he walked on campus, you could see there was a level of poise in everything that he does. Because of that, you can ask him to do some very advanced things and in particular, we ask him, as a true freshman, to come in with runners on base and pitch on the inside part of the plate with his See BASEBALL on Page 9

MEN’S BASKETBALL

Vic Bubas, head coach for Blue Devils’ first Final Fours, dies at 91 Staff Reports The Chronicle

Before Mike Krzyzewski led Duke to five national championships, Vic Bubas was the first head coach to put the Blue Devils on the map nationally. Bubas, Duke’s coach from 1959-69, has died at age 91, the program confirmed Monday. No details about his death were given. “Duke basketball lost a true legend earlier today,” Krzyzewski said in a press release. “When I first arrived at Duke, Coach Bubas gave me the best advice. Essentially, he told me to be myself and to focus solely on Duke, while not getting caught up in everything going on around us. We have tried to honor him over the years by playing a level of basketball that lived up to his very high standards, and to those of the program he built here in the 1960s.”

Bubas accepted the Duke job at the young age of 32 after eight years as an assistant under legendary N.C. State head coach Everett Case and proceeded to lead the Blue Devils to their first Final Fours in 1963, 1964 and 1966. He recruited and coached Art Heyman and Jeff Mullens, whose numbers now hang in the rafters at Cameron Indoor Stadium. After a surprising retirement from coaching when he was just 42 years old, Bubas became an administrator at Duke as vice president for community affairs. In 1976, he left Durham to start a 14-year tenure as commissioner of the Sun Belt Conference until his retirement. Earlier this year, Neill McGeachy—who coached the Blue Devils during the 1973-74 season—died, and Krzyzewski’s predecessor Bill Foster died two years ago. The only living Duke full-time head coach aside from Krzyzewski is Bucky Waters, who held the position from 1969-73.

Chronicle File Photo

Vic Bubas coached Duke from 1959-69 before serving as the school’s vice president for community relations.

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BASEBALL

CARTER

FROM PAGE 8

FROM PAGE 1

fastball. And that’s a really advanced skill, but he’s able to do it.” All of this is not to say that Duke doesn’t have the dominant starting pitching you’d expect from a top-ranked team. But the Blue Devils also don’t have a definitive ace or go-to starter. Sophomore Adam Laskey and seniors Mitch Stallings and Ryan Day all have ERAs higher than 3.80, and the trio averages less than six innings per start. That means plenty of opportunity for the Duke bullpen to continually prove why it can be the Blue Devils’ most reliable unit. “We’re pretty deep. You just look at the roster and the sheer number of guys with relief appearances,” Labosky said. “Even guys like Hunter Davis, who’s a really good pitcher, hasn’t gotten a lot of innings because we’re so deep.... If need be, our bullpen can carry the team.” The question remains: how far? Duke made the NCAA tournament in 2016 for the first time in 50 years, and last Friday, Baseball America projected the Blue Devils as one of the top 16 seeds for this season’s tournament, which would make Duke a host for the postseason’s opening weekend. But the Blue Devils want more, and if they play themselves all the way to the College World Series in Omaha, it would make for a “surreal” full-circle moment for DeCaster— who played his first three collegiate seasons on that same field. “Growing up, we’d even go down there for travel baseball tournaments when I was younger, and then having the opportunity to play there for college was just really special,” DeCaster said. “Omaha has a dear place in my heart, so it’d be really special to go back and play in that event, but we’ve got a long way to go and we’ve just got to take it one game at a time.”

I’m very excited and very happy to say I was part of something special here at Duke.” In his lone season at Duke, Carter led the team with 76 blocks as he manned the middle of the Blue Devils’ 2-3 zone defense, and the 6-foot-10, 259-pounder averaged 13.5 points per game to go along with 9.1 rebounds. Prior to joining Duke, Carter was the No. 4 prospect in ESPN’s Class of 2017 rankings and was named a McDonald’s All-American. “It was such an honor to coach Wendell,” Blue Devil head coach Mike Krzyzewski said. “He and his family were a true joy to have in our program and they’ll always be in our program. He had a sensational freshman year—a double-double guy—and he has so much more potential. He’s going to keep getting better, because he’s talented and he has the best attitude. He really represented himself, his family and Duke in a first-class manner, and whoever gets him is going to be very lucky.” The highlight of his 2017-18 campaign came in Duke’s 66-57 road victory against Clemson in mid-February. Although no Blue Devil poured in gaudy numbers that afternoon, Carter posted a 15-point, 10-rebound doubledouble effort, capped by his spinning andone layup that salted away what would wind up a crucial win—especially with Bagley still sidelined by a knee injury. Many project Carter to play power forward at the next level—some have compared him to Boston’s Al Horford, who has averaged 14.2 points and 8.6 rebounds per game during his 11-season NBA career. Duke will now have to replace more than 86 percent of its scoring and its entire starting lineup next season, but has another elite recruiting class coming in with the ESPN 100’s top three players and four of the top 12 in the Class of 2018.

WOMEN’S BASKETBALL

McCallie to take leave of absence Staff Reports

In a statement early Monday morning, Duke announced that its women’s basketball head coach, Joanne P. McCallie, will take a leave of absence for approximately two months as she deals with a “correctable kidney-related ailment.” McCallie was diagnosed in November 2017, per the release, but finished out the season with the Blue Devils as they advanced to the Sweet 16 before falling to Connecticut. “To be sure, we wish Joanne the absolute best as she continues to manage this medical situation,” Vice President and Director of

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Athletics Kevin White said. “Joanne’s health and long-term well-being is by far the most important matter at hand, and her highly capable staff will undoubtedly do great work while she recovers fully. Certainly, we look forward to Joanne’s imminent return to lead Duke women’s basketball well into the future.” After missing the postseason in 2016, McCallie’s Blue Devils have qualified for the NCAA tournament each of the last two seasons. Duke finished 2017-18 with a 24-9 overall record, going 11-5 in the ACC, but it will have to replace its two leading scorers after both Lexie Brown and Rebecca Greenwell were selected in the 2018 WNBA Draft last week.

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The capacity to endure

he National Memorial for Peace and Justice is set to open to the public on April 26, 2018, becoming the nation’s first memorial dedicated to the legacy of enslaved black people. The memorial ultimately will memorialize the myriads of individuals who were mutilated by lynch mobs, dehumanized by Jim Crow laws, and people of color who continue to endure contemporary presumptions of guilt and police violence. The United States possesses a long, dark and ugly history of lynching black men, women and children. Reports estimate that between the years 1877-and 1950 nearly 4000 innocent black lives were murdered by groups of white people. They have been largely ignored within the historical narrative surrounding race in America, though the media played a crucial role in the early 20th century with the production of Birth of a Nation—a blatant piece of racist propaganda that exacerbated the already illegitimate white fear and ushered in a legacy of brutality levied against people of color. To understand the gravity of the horrible atrocities committed against African Americans it is best to form a clear and accurate picture of what would essentially be grounds for death. Victims of lynching were found to have broken “crimes”

“ ” “This editorial is political garbage.”

—David Horowitz, responding to “Alumni Amnesia,” published on April 17, 2018

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such as knocking on the door of white women, failing to address a police officer as “mister”, and annoying white girls walking along the street. If a black person so much as gave a white man or woman the wrong look, they would be hung from a tree to serve doubly as a public attraction to white people and a grave reminder to African Americans to remember their place. Black individuals accused of any wrongdoing, regardless the validity, could be subject to the rule of the noose in a society that valued postcard photographs of black corpses over

Editorial Board the heinous crimes being committed in the name of white supremacy. And although it is easy to view the monument as a relic of a barbaric past, the monument should still serve to remind us of the ever-present nature of anti-black racism even 2018. Last Thursday, two men were arrested at Starbucks while waiting for their friend. While it is store policy to enforce no loitering, it is seldom employed, which aroused suspicions of racial discrimination. Mass incarceration of colored

people has been a part of this nation for the past four to five decades though detractors would have you believe it is simply a myth. An innumerable number of instances involving black women, men, and children being gunned down by both white police and citizens have dotted media outlets, dating back to the beating of Rodney King. These realities reflect a troubling history that America has to grasp if it ever wants to reach an unattainable “post-racial” society. When black people protest over policing and unjust discrimination, they are met with the usual statement: “Slavery is over, get over it.” This is why the National Memorial for Peace and Justice is needed. To remind and reveal the names of victims dehumanized and brutalized by anti-blackness. To show and perhaps expose that attitudes in the Jim Crow era have persisted and carried over into behaviors and beliefs of subsequent generations. Yet, black people are expected to be silent or to protest similar to that of a white-washed Martin Luther King. Black homes, business and bodies were literally destroyed by white people without impunity. The first step to honestly address the ills committed against African Americans is to accept and acknowledge America’s troubled history with race.

Hollywood should invest more in black talent

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10 | WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 2018

n a recent interview with Power 105.1’s “The Breakfast Club,” Lena Waithe—creator of Showtime’s The Chi and the first Black woman to win an Emmy for comedy writing—said that she wanted to be the “Kanye West of writing.”

Jamal Michel COLUMNIST There was fire in her speech: “I want to surprise people,” she said. Audiences have already witnessed some of her raw talent with her work in “Master of None” and “Ready Player One,” where her characters and writing often embody the same refreshing panache that Waithe herself embodies in interviews and talk shows. She also happens to be a Chicago native and a crucial player in humanizing the forgotten parts of that city. Despite tackling multiple issues, like workplace sexual harassment and lack of representation, Hollywood is lucky to have Waithe for all that she brings on and off screen. In her visit last month to the set of “The View”, Waithe encouraged Queer people of color to openly share and express their lived experiences, highlighting the need for authentic on-screen representation of marginalized groups. This kind of call to action can continue to happen organically if Hollywood invests more in strong writers, actors and film executives coming from the margins. Tiffany Haddish, whose continued success on the big screen landed her in the good graces of virtually every comedy fan, breaks all conventions of memoir writing with her book “The Last Black Unicorn.” She takes us on wild twists and turns, stopping every so often to dismantle the walls built between the author and reader, and she introduces many of us to rites of passage unfamiliar to many. All in all, she is refreshing—especially for Hollywood. She shook up the Oscars alongside fellow actress comedian Maya Rudolph and loosened up the crowd, offering all the much needed change of pace and entertainment following past award fiascos, like 2016’s #OscarsSoWhite. The talent is there and demands to see more of it on television sets and silver screens grows with each major blockbuster. UCLA sociologist Darnell Hunt conducted his annual report on Hollywood diversity and found that greater representation in film and television could “pay off for the industry’s bottom line.” This kind of success doesn’t have to stop at Black Panther, even with its monumental box office numbers, and Hollywood should take note of the returns from investing in diversity this way. Before Barry Jenkins, the idea of a film that explored the minutiae of Black masculinity was an afterthought—Hollywood can learn a thing or two with regard to intersectionality if they understand the

implications of pursuing work from underrepresented voices. Those same underrepresented voices could use the investment, considering how Hollywood’s Golden Age, which spanned much of the early and mid 19th century, was teeming with racial divide. Hunt also shared in his report that people of color bought the majority of movie tickets for the five of the top 10 films in 2016, and television shows with diverse casts did well in both ratings and social media. The implications of these findings could very well provide us with a blueprint for success when it comes to being represented in the Arts. That kind of representation will pave the way for young writers working through our current racial divides to tell those same necessary stories moviegoers are flocking to. After 90 years of award ceremonies, Jordan Peele made history at this year’s Academy Awards for his best original screenplay win with Get Out. His wildly original film stands strong with a 99 percent on Rotten Tomatoes, and managed to surprise at the box office earning $255 million. The film’s premise resonated with viewers across racial lines and challenged conventional storytelling, using satire and dark comedy to call our attention to tough conversations. If the current argument is that films should be judged based on their quality, regardless of the creator, then consideration should go toward making the underrepresented more competitive. Hollywood actively supporting richer writing and film programs in marginalized communities will create a more diverse and more competitive generation of filmmakers, and the move could wholly influence the Arts for audiences to come. Social discourse continues to be shaped and reformed by history, culture and politics. The storytellers of old always worked to reshape history as they saw fit, but if we can allow a platform for diverse groups of storytellers and creators in the 21st century, then change can follow. In 1915, national conversation about the dangers of Black men were almost entirely informed by Birth of a Nation, which still holds a score of 100 percent on Rotten Tomatoes. The conversation still remains informed by such a heinous film and guides many of our implicit biases today. These works shape our views of the world, but if the stories of overlooked and marginalized spaces continue to be co-opted, then authentic and organic representation will fall to the wayside. Hollywood has the capacity to address #MeToo and its diversity ills simultaneously, and the best approach to this would be to invest in communities that create Tiffany Haddish and Lena Waithe, that build upon Barry Jenkins and Yance Ford. The world of storytelling can grow and expand to include all spaces if we choose to seek them out—especially the forgotten ones. Jamal Michel is an English teacher at Northern High School and a Duke grad. His column runs on alternate Wednesdays.

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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 2018 | 11

Why we demonstrate

inally, President Knight himself came out and confronted the crowd… He pleaded for more time, for an opportunity to act in different circumstances. ‘This is not the proper atmosphere,’ for answering what he agreed were very serious questions…” So reported the Duke Chronicle on April 8, 1968, as hundreds of students marched to President Douglas Knight’s house to honor the legacy of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and demand that Duke recognize the Local 77 union. In 1968, when those angry, disrespectful students took a stand against a stagnant administration, most people saw their demonstration as a disruptive affront to civil politics. And yet, fifty years later, as we look back on the Duke Silent Vigil, images of the demonstrators plaster our libraries, Forever Duke-sponsored events, and history books. Today, the administration lauds the courage of past student activists, claiming their radical narrative as part of its own history and its own doing. On Saturday, a coalition of students disrupted another Presidential event. Frustrated with the slow pace of change on campus, we came together—from all corners of campus, all different experiences and perspectives— and promised to fight for each other. After nearly every avenue of traditional change was exhausted, we felt compelled to show up for each other in a tangible way. We showed up in the spirit of the student organizers who pushed for change in 1968, 1979 and 1988. Like President Knight in 1968, President Price told the crowd of alumni that he will review our platform but “disagrees deeply that this was an appropriate way to handle these issues.”

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Crowds of alumni shouted down our students, booed us, cursed at us, told us to “transfer,” and even flipped us off, red in the face. One told my friend to “go back to her country.” To be frank, it was scary as hell. We understand their general discomfort with our actions. What we did was disruptive— even disrespectful. We ruined what could have been a lovely celebration of some of the wealthiest people in the United States with a reminder of how much work there is to be done. This was no mistake—we wanted to

place for our undocumented peers, who have been advocating for administrative support for decades, to act? When was the proper time for our friends with disabilities, many lacking even a sense of community, to advocate for a physical space on campus? When was the proper time for those of us who work closely with the Durham community—those of us who have been pushing for an end to discriminatory hiring practices for our entire Duke careers—to stand up? There is no proper time to promote justice.

There is no proper time to promote justice. The People’s State of the University call attention to the problems at hand, to the inequities that creep under the shiny surface of sparkling grass and new glass. We knew that in order to begin a conversation about our demands, we would need to take direct action. But while we understand the initial rage that we encountered, we don’t understand many of the criticisms. Many people told us that this wasn’t the time or place for such disruption. Like President Price and President Knight before him, they seem to suggest that activism be as convenient as possible—that progress be made in the shadows and in the proper channels. From a jail cell in Birmingham, Alabama, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., whose legacy we celebrate this month, wrote of the dangers of moderates. He explained that this “Wait”—the same “Wait” that we received this weekend—“has almost always meant ‘Never.’ We must come to see… that ‘justice too long delayed is justice denied.’” We have spent years trying to access the proper channels. When was the proper time and

we feel compelled to criticize it perpetually. Our Duke experiences have been lifechanging. They have given us courage and knowledge and self-awareness—indeed the very courage to take the stage in the first place. But we are lucky. We were given the resources necessary to come to a place like this and to succeed here. We have been in classes with people who inspire and encourage us. And because we love Duke so much, we want others to experience its power—and we don’t want their admission to be determined by whether or not they were wealthy enough to have a parent attend before them. We don’t want our friends—the people at Duke who have taught us most—to carry the burden of suffering from mental illness with little institutional support, to face commonplace hate and bias, or to be raped and see no consequences for their perpetrators. The People’s State of the University is not about one event, one speaker, one issue. It is not a club predicated on one identity or one experience. Rather, it is an organized, sustained effort to advocate as a collective body. We are not a complete group, and we seek the input of every student, worker, and member of our community. We are not organizing in response to a single moment in time, but rather, creating a past-due coalition of students to protect each other and to protect the future of Duke. Like those students who slept on the quad in 1968, we believe that it is necessary to imagine a better future; and inevitably, to gather the courage to create that future for those to come.

There is only a perception of respectability that attempts a line in the sand, a line separating the acceptable from the “rabble-rousing.” Everybody deserves a Duke that works to protect them, to better them, to challenge them and to understand them. Until such a Duke exists, the proper time to stand with one another is all the time. Our admonition that Duke is not perfect does not mean that we are not grateful to be a member of this University. Attempts to better one’s community are often met with accusations of disloyalty. But were the students who criticized Duke for being a segregated institution ungrateful and spoiled? Should the Duke women who marched to “Take Back the Night” have transferred if they were so unhappy with their school? James Baldwin once wrote, “I love America more than any other country in this world, and, exactly for this reason, I insist The People’s State of the University is a coalition on the right to criticize her perpetually.” If his of students fighting for justice across campus. logic holds, then we love Duke more than any For a full list of coalition signatories, visit place in the world, and, exactly for this reason, chron.it.

Facebook, social media and the future of privacy

ast week, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg faced Congress for over ten hours of hearings. The focus was on the privacy of users on social media in the wake of the company’s data sharing scandal with Cambridge Analytica. Many lawmakers also grilled the CEO about the potential for new legislative regulation, Facebook’s role in the 2016 election and its monopolistic characteristics. One amusing thing that I took away from last week’s hearings was the incompetence of our government—although that was no surprise. While there were some Congressmen and Senators that asked thoughtful and

Mitchell Siegel TRUTH BE TOLD substantive questions, many were obviously clueless about the issue at hand. Others were simply looking for soundbites to enhance their public image for their constituents. Here are some of my favorite exchanges: 1. Sen. Orrin Hatch: “How do you sustain a business model in which users don’t pay for your service?” Zuckerberg: ““Senator, we run ads.” 2. Sen. Blunt: “My son Charlie, who’s 13, is dedicated to Instagram so he’d want to be sure I mentioned him while I was here with you.” 3. Sen. Nelson: “Yesterday when we talked, I gave the relatively harmless example that I’m communicating with my friends on Facebook and indicate that I love a certain kind of chocolate. And all of a sudden I start receiving advertisements for chocolate. What if I don’t want to receive those commercial advertisements?” The question of government incompetence should be reserved for a different column. The pressing issue here is the massive power and

influence that social media sites have on our lives. Do Facebook and its competitors have an obligation to be more transparent? Since its inception in Zuckerberg’s college dorm at Harvard in 2004, Facebook has become a behemoth of a company, with a net income of approximately 16 billion dollars last year. As of the fourth quarter of 2017, Facebook had around 2.2 billion active users. To put this number in perspective, that’s roughly 30 percent of the world’s population. As you can tell through the numbers, Facebook’s pitch to advertisers is simple. With that many users, advertisers lick their chops for personal data to run more targeted and personalized campaigns. In fact, a little over 98 percent of its revenue comes from digital advertisements. Specifically, advertisers may be inclined to take advantage of Facebook’s algorithmicallybased news feeds that can be used to induce moods and coerce people into buying their products. Advertisers have always tried to exploit our psychological tendencies. However, the potential to do so at such an individualized level never existed. Social media platforms have allowed them to target people privately based on personal traits and vulnerabilities. Consumer data companies sell consumer information around the world and provide marketers specific details that range from income to sexual orientation to the cars you drive. There is no reason why social media platforms can’t participate in this practice to generate more revenue for their businesses. Social media platforms have immense power not only to influence everyday lives, but also to harness massive amounts of data that can be quite revealing about who we are. In fact, Zeynep Tufecki of UNC’s Department of Sociology who specializes in topics of this nature, recited a study in which “using only ‘Facebook Likes’… researchers were able to fairly reliably ‘model’ (computationally

and statistically guess to a high degree of accuracy) ‘latent’ traits of 58,000 volunteers.” The traits modeled—often with eighty to ninety percent accuracy—included “sexual orientation, ethnicity, religious and political views, personality traits, intelligence, happiness, use of addictive substances, parental separation, age, and gender” among others. The implications of big data are directly related to privacy, surveillance and civil liberties, especially when this data is aggregated from substantial numbers of sources. Developments in computational processes that have grown alongside big data now allow inferences about private information that may never have been disclosed explicitly to an online platform. As we look for solutions to this issue, it is a positive sign that a portion of the public is aware of algorithmic practices conducted by search engines and social media platforms. A Pew Research Center study from 2012 found that internet users are anxious about the collection of personal information by search engines and other websites. Specifically, 73 percent of those surveyed said they would not be okay “with a search engine keeping track of your searches and using that information to personalize your future search results because you feel it is an invasion of privacy.” When asked about personalized advertising, 68 percent responded that they are not okay “with targeted advertising because [they] don’t like having my online behavior tracked and analyzed.” However, 40 percent of users have not even noticed targeted advertising. Even worse, a major problem is that many people are not aware of methods that could be used to limit the data that is collected about them from algorithms. The Pew Study revealed that this amounts to roughly 62 percent of users. If internet users who use search engines and social media platforms such as Google and Facebook respectively view algorithmic

data collection as a threat to their privacy, there are few—but immediate ways they can help themselves without waiting for government regulation or a court ruling. One method is to delete web history as often as possible. This practice limits what data can be used for personalization. Another method is using the privacy settings of websites to directly control what is captured. One can also achieve this by altering browser settings. MONEY magazine, which is produced by Time Inc., analyzed a study conducted by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) about the data broker industry. The article came up with seven ways to improve individual consumer privacy and websites that mine personal data. They included deleting cookies, logging out of social media while browsing the web, strengthening privacy settings on your smartphone, utilize browser add-ons, and consistently check your privacy settings on sites such as Facebook, Amazon, and Twitter. For now, these are steps that individuals can take to limit their exposure to data collection used by companies. However, these methods do not solve the overall problem that companies can legally expand their capabilities to intrude on privacy as well as track and potentially manipulate behavior. Facebook’s growing market power should be concerning, especially for younger generations that are dependent on it. As noted in the hearings, finding the right government regulation to protect user privacy would be a challenge for lawmakers, and could even potentially lead to Facebook bolstering its influence. What does this mean? Our individual privacy is dwindling away as we know it. The responsibility is on us to make prudent decisions regarding our social media and internet activity. Mitchell Siegel is a Trinity sophomore. His column, “truth be told,” runs on alternate Wednesdays.

12 | WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 2018

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The Chronicle

DUKE UNIVERSITYâ€™S POWER PLANT DECISION THIS SPRING CHOICE I:

GO ALL SOLAR & RENEWABLES

OR CHOICE 2:

RUN THE NEW POWER PLANT ON GAS FROM HOG FARMS IN EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA The big utility Duke Energy wants the revenue stream that biogas from large pig operations would bring Many want Duke University to take the lead on clean energy by going to 100% renewable energy from solar & efficiency Problems with biogas from industrial scale pig farms: 1 These operations are a major source of water pollution in eastern Carolina 2 These operations generally use antibiotics and thus contribute to the serious problem of antibiotic resistance 3 The pigs in many of these industrial farms are crammed into seriously crowded facilities and raised in inhumane conditions For information on the health & environmental impacts of large hog operations see: