November 17, 2014 by Duke Chronicle

Faculty Given Grant for Bioethics

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Laura Beskow has received $1 million in funding for her study on the ethical use of patient health records | Page 2

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MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014

ONE HUNDRED AND TENTH YEAR, ISSUE 48

Blue Devils triumph at start of season

DKU grand opening gives rise to questions on academicfreedom Danielle Muoio Towerview Editor

KUNSHAN, China—As part of its grand opening celebration, Duke Kunshan University hosted a series of talks Sunday for local Duke alumni in which DKU and Duke representatives touched upon the issue of academic freedom in China. DKU is hosting the two-day event for the grand opening of the campus—an event many have awaited, after five significant delays pushed the opening back three years. The first day kicked off with a tour of the campus, which is still a work in progress. Students and faculty are currently living and taking classes in the conference center. The academic center, student dormitories and faculty residence are slated to be complete in the two weeks following the opening, said Bonnie Liu, associate director of career ser-

Amanda Brumwell, Lily Coad and Lesley Chen-Young | The Chronicle The Blue Devils opened their season with a 113-44 rout of Presbyterian Friday and 109-59 victory over Fairﬁeld Saturday. (See Sportswrap on page 6.)

See Kunshan on Page 3

24-hour hackathon cultivates real-world solutions Annual HackDuke event fosters innovations to address inequality and poverty, among other problems Grace Wang Health & Science Editor More than 500 students spent their weekend furiously coding as part of HackDuke—an initiative in which students design software to address realworld problems. The 24-hour hackathon—which began Saturday at 4 p.m. in the Fitzpatrick Center at the Pratt School of Engineering—featured high-profile sponsors including Google, Facebook and Citrix.

Carolyn Chang | The Chronicle More than 500 students gathered to participate in an annual 24-hour hackathon as part of HackDuke Saturday.

The event, which debuted November 2013, focused this year on creating an environment friendly to novice and female coders. Organizers made an effort to recruit female mentors, and saw their efforts pay off, with women making up approximately 25 percent of the total participants. “Tech is traditionally dominated by males,” said Scotty Shaw, Trinity ‘09, one of the event’s organizers. “Especially hackathon—the word ‘hacking’ just sounds like a male thing. We are really trying to push for female participation, because that’s a lot of talent we are not tapping into, a lot of brainpower being left behind.” Junior Yu Zhou Lee, one of the event’s

organizers, said the turnout from female participants was impressive, noting that most hackathons attract less than 10 percent women. “I actually just met three women engineers who came with no computer science background, and now they are more than ready to build their own program,” Lee said. Shaw also emphasized the openness of the competition, noting that students of all majors—with or without coding experience—were welcome to participate and would receive mentors. Approximately half of the participating undergraduate students came from

1,000

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Neuroscience, philosophy seminars to NIH funds $1 million for study on inspire interdisciplinary collaboration ethical use of patient health records they listen to some more advanced lectures and attend a closing conference,” SinnottArmstrong said. The Chronicle The idea for the program began with disA program studying the intersections of cussions Sinnott-Armstrong had with adminneuroscience and philosophy will begin Sum- istrators from the Kenan Institute for Ethics mer 2016. starting in 2010 when he came to Duke. De The program—Summer Series in Neu- Brigard joined Sinottroscience and Philosophy—will allow twenty Armstrong when he arleading scholars in both fields to converge at rived at Duke in 2013 and Duke for an intensive fifteen-day period where they collaborated on the they will work collaboratively and ultimately grant application. explore new research diAccording to Sinnottrections. The program Amstrong, participants has been funded with a will be selected from the $1.8 million grant from applicant pool by a team Walter Sinnott-Armstrong the Templeton Foundaof “local advisors”. tion, and being led by FeThe project’s funding will provide for the lipe De Brigard, assistant housing, materials and speakers featured in professor of philosophy, the conference. The Templeton Foundation, and Walter Sinnott-Armwhich funded the entirety of the project, seeks strong, the Chauncey Stillto support projects that “cross disciplinary Felipe De Brigard man Professor of Practical boundaries to engage the Big Questions.” Ethics. Once started, the program will not be lim“The neuroscientists will study philosophy, ited to the 15 days that participants are physiand the philosophers will study neuroscience,” cally together. Participants will also be paired Sinnott-Armstrong said. to work over the next year After viewing video lecon projects that bridge the e hope that the... tures before the start of the two fields and will hopeprogram and studying the SSNAP will inspire fully use what they learn opposite fields for the first offer interdisciplinary fellows to pursue collabora- to 10 days of the program, classes and encourage scholars from each disci- tive research projects in phi- collaboration, De Brigard pline will design collab- losophy and neuroscience explained. orative experiments that “We hope that the for many years to come. take advantage of what training they’ll receive at they have learned, he ex— Felipe De Brigard SSNAP will inspire fellows plained. to pursue collaborative “They will pair up with one from each field research projects in philosophy and neurosciand these teams will design experiments while ence for many years to come,” he said.

Adam Beyer

Beskow wrote. In general, bioethics research is less costly than other types of research, Beskow explained. “Empirical bioethics projects are quite strikingly inexpensive,” Beskow wrote. Alena Sadiq “Unlike many other kinds of biomedical research, empirical The Chronicle bioethics research does The National Institutes of Health has not involve costly drugs, awarded a Duke researcher more than $1 laboratory equipment, million in order to study the ethical use of clinical assessments, [et patient health records. cetera].” The project—lead by Laura Beskow, Beskow has been given co-director of the Program for Empiri- $1,138,300 over two years cal Bioethics—will look at how patients for her research. The feel about the use of their health data. As average size of NIH Re- Laura Beskow electronic health records have become search Project Grants in 2013 was $441,406. more widespread, it has become easier to The project team will ask nearly 400 pause patient information tients across the Southhe mission of our pro- east how they feel about for research purposes. While this can be bengram is ﬁrst to identify their medical informaeficial for researchers, tion being used for reit remains unclear how emerging ethical issues and search and see how they patients perceive their underlying questions that respond to being condata being used in this need to be answered. tacted by researchers. way. Although the projKevin Weinfurt, coect only involves patient — Kevin Weinfurt director of the Program interviews and analysis, for Empirical Bioethics, the grant funding it is said that Beskow’s grant more than twice the amount of the average was in fact small compared to other grants. research grant given by the NIH in 2013. He also noted that not all the funding is This project, however, has significant ex- allocated to the direct costs of the project penses associated with it, Beskow wrote in and some of it goes towards overhead costs. an email Nov. 12. Beskow noted that the scope of the project “This money pays for, among other is quite large and will require a significant things, the highly trained research staff supporting staff. needed to conduct this kind of research “[We will pay] compensation for [and] expenses associated with traveling See Bioethics on Page 9 to four different sites around the country,”

Project, led by Laura Beskow, may lead to changes in health record policies and practices

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KUNSHAN

continued from page 1 vice for the master of management studies at DKU. The final building, the innovation center, will not be complete for another three years. Sunday’s event kicked off with a discussion on the relationship between Duke and DKU as well as on academic freedom. Since the Board of Trustees opened discussions on building the city-funded campus in 2009, Duke administrators have emphasized that they will not tolerate restrictions to Duke’s academic freedom and have taken several steps to affirm their commitment. But government crackdowns on Chinese professors considered to have outspoken views, the banning of various academic topics and China’s generally restrictive internet have caused some to hold their breath. DKU Chancellor Liu Jingnan touched upon the issue when he discussed the relationship between Duke and DKU in his opening remarks to the alumni. “Because Duke University is at the very top in the world, as a member of this family, DKU has a responsibility to hold up to that high standard,” Jingnan said through a translator. “Our most important mission is to first carry on the genes of Duke University.” He noted that the Chinese Ministry of Education has made exceptions to support the “interdisciplinary” mission of DKU and its goal of furthering Duke’s mission of knowledge in the service of society. Such exceptions can be seen by the Chinese Ministry of Education’s choice to approve opening DKU as an international campus offering master’s programs prior to an undergraduate program, which is unconventional, he said. The Chinese Ministry of Education granted final approval to DKU in September 2013, making

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it the second legally independent American but very often our system is [not extensive] university approved by the Chinese govern- and that’s been going on for 2,000 to 5,000 ment. years, and you can’t really change that,” he Though Duke administrators originally said. hoped DKU would be the first such university, He called DKU a “great experiment” bedelays meant that New York University Shang- cause it brings a different form of learning. hai—which offers a four-year undergraduate When asked how he could be sure DKU curriculum—claimed the honor in October can guarantee academic freedom, he replied 2012. that academic freedom is a “relative conThe choice to open DKU offering only cept.” graduate programs—in addition to its un“Even in the U.S., if you think about it, dergraduate global learning semester— do you think any Duke law professors would stemmed from a desire to make DKU a col- come out and say certain things about relilaborative research institution, Jingnan said. gious or sexual orientation? Why? Because Traditional Chinese educational systems society has an overall expectation that you hinge on “producing specialized talents for can’t do that,” he said. “These things happen society” by teaching in every country, so a specific skill. DKU it’s a relative term.” is unconventional in China is no excepthat it has no majors tion to this problem or departments, he but is much newer to said. Rather, it enthe concept of acacourages research demic freedom beacross disciplines to cause it functioned address problems on a restrictive path China and the rest of for thousands of the world faces. years, Gao added. “We did a lot of When the Board of Rita Lo | The Chronicle lobbying work to conTrustees was debatvince educational leaders this is a very good ing the logistics of DKU, Gao said he would model at DKU,” he said. explain to them that “it shouldn’t be too University trustee Xiqing Gao, former much of a problem,” noting his personal president of China Investment Corporation experience of teaching in China for several and Law ’86, acknowledged issues with Chi- years and giving open speeches. na’s restrictive educational system. “But I know there is a certain line you “I was so disappointed by the way our kids don’t want to cross, but its not a line of truth are still being taught. Many of you share that versus false—It’s a line of societal norm and same frustration,” he said to the largely Chi- cultural acceptance,” he said. “Talk about nese crowd of alumni at the event. Taiwan going independent and then maybe Gao added that the ability to commit you have a problem…. There [is] certain something to memory is a small part of learn- speech we can’t have.” ing, and DKU is designed to bring forth other Despite issues regarding restrictions opportunities for educational styles. to speech, Gao said he was never terribly “We want something to bring out all your worried about the issue to halt building a pent-up creation and pent-up imagination, campus in China. If anything, DKU offers a

MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014 | 3

Danielle Muoio | The Chronicle The Academic Center, pictured above, will soon be open for student and faculty use.

means to dealing with this problem, he said. Gao is not the first Duke representative to speak openly about academic freedom at DKU. Nora Bynum, vice provost of DKU and China initiatives, noted earlier this year that “academic freedom is a perpetual problem in China.” She added that administrators are alert about the issue and are talking with other joint venture universities about the issue. Following the government crackdown of three Chinese professors for their views, nine elite Chinese universities signed a statement outlining the 10 key components of a research university, including a toleration for competing views and a right for the university to set its own priorities. Duke has made its own commitments to academic freedom at DKU. In 2011, Duke administrators released a document guaranteeing unrestricted internet and library access. Administrators also outlined stipulations for academic freedom for DKU in The Articles of Association, a public document in China.

4 | MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014

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HACKDUKE continued from page 1

Photos Courtesy of Rita Lo

Duke Class of 2015,

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Duke, and the other half hailed from a variety of colleges nationwide, some as far away as Berkley, California and Waterloo, Canada. The hackathon asked students to collaborate on software projects addressing four “tracks of impact”— Health and Wellness, Education, Inequality and Poverty and Energy and Environment. A panel comprised of mentors from participating companies chose a winning group from each division. “[The fall] is when tech companies are recruiting, and they love to see that you build something,” Shaw said. “Honestly, classes don’t necessarily teach you reallife skills, but at Hackathon, you can say that I built something that can help with health and poverty issues.” The winning team in the Health and Wellness category developed an app called Flash Aid, which uses crowd sourcing to reduce response times in medical emergencies. Siddu Duddikunta, a freshman from Georgia Institute of Technology on the team, explained that citizen responders within a mile of a victim would able to arrive before an ambulance. The Education team developed the idea for JustRead, an inexpensive smartphone-based scanner that provides audio versions of texts for the blind. The winning group in Poverty and Inequality created a process to allow users to donate money from video ads they watch online. And the Energy and Environment group developed a program to encourage composting. The event was organized by Duke undergraduate students in collaboration with Major League Hacking, the Kenan Institute for Ethics, Code for Durham and DurhamCares.org. The event featured a speech by Durham Mayor William Bell and opportunities for student participants to interact with representatives of major technology companies. “This would really help students who lack previous experience or who don’t necessarily have good grades,” Bell said. “After participating in this, they can say [to the technology companies], I am capable of working for you. I don’t do well in the classroom, but look at this app I built.”

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MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014 | 5

sportswrap the chronicle

november 17, 2014

HOKIE HEARTBREAK

DARBI GRIFFITH/THE CHRONICLE

SPORTS

WOMEN’S BASKETBALL: BLUE DEVILS ROLL TIDE• FIELD HOCKEY: TAR HEELS DROP DUKE IN NCAAs

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6 | MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014

Men’s Basketball

BLUE DEVIL DOMINATION The Blue Devils hit tripledigits for the second-straight game to improve to 2-0. Ryan Hoerger Beat Writer Playing their second game in as many nights, the Blue Devils showed no signs of fatigue Saturday. No. 4 Duke dispatched Fairfield 109-59 at Cameron Indoor Stadium behind another balanced effort. Four Blue Devils reached double-figures—led by 18 from freshman Justise Winslow—and Duke’s pressure defense made life miserable for the Stags all night long. Just as they did against Presbyterian in the season-opener, the Blue Devils jumped out to a big lead early against the Stags. After falling into a 2-0 hole—the only deficit it would face all night—Duke reeled off a 21-6 run, keyed by the play of Winslow. The Houston product scored seven straight for the Blue Devils in a variety of ways, converting a pair of free throws, finishing a lay-up and burying a 3-pointer. “In that first five minutes, it’s about establishing what type of team we’re going to be [that night],” junior forward Amile Jefferson said. “Are we going to be a team that gives our opponent confidence, or are we going to knock them back from the beginning and make every pass an adventure, make their guards feel our pressure, make their bigs know that they’re not going to be able to rebound. By doing that in

Lily Coad | The Chronicle Freshman Justise Winslow led all scorers Saturday with 18 points to push his season average to 16.5 points per game, second only to rookie center Jahlil Okafor.

SPORTS

the first five minutes, it makes it much easier for other guys to sub in and do that same thing because they see what we’re doing.” Jefferson quietly tallied 15 points and nine rebounds Saturday, reaping the benefits of increased attention on Jahlil Okafor on the opposite block. The freshman from Chicago had a slow start but turned in another dazzling performance as well, finishing one board shy of his first collegiate double-double and scoring his 17 points in a variety of ways. Okafor was joined in double-figures by Winslow, Jefferson, and senior Quinn Cook— who now has more than 1,000 points for his career. The balanced showing continued for Duke (2-0), as Grayson Allen and Matt Jones

added nine points apiece and Marshall Plumlee and Semi Ojeleye scored 15 combined. The Blue Devils shot a blistering 64.5 percent from the floor for the game, thanks in part to Okafor’s 8-of-10 performance. The freshman said he takes pride in being efficient with his shots. “I used to get really frustrated when I missed shots,” Okafor said. “I remember as a child, I would stop playing if I missed a shot, [so] I enjoy shooting a high percentage.” Fairfield (1-1) attempted to make things interesting down the stretch in the first half, cutting into a 12-point lead, but Duke would respond to build a 14-point lead heading into the locker room. For the second consecutive

night, Winslow turned in a highlight-reelcaliber out-of-bounds play, this time to beat the first-half buzzer. Standing in front of the Fairfield bench, Cook sent a lob pass to the far side of the rim with 4.5 seconds on the clock, where Winslow leaped to catch it and lay it in off the glass in one motion. “For about eight minutes in the first half we didn’t defend the ball-screen real well,” Duke head coach Mike Krzyzewski said. “We didn’t talk. I was worried about that, the second game in two nights. It was a little bit of an edge, and we talked so well yesterday [against Presbyterian], so at halftime that was one of our keys—to talk—and they did, especially on defense.” The Blue Devils eclipsed the century mark for the second consecutive contest, the first time Duke has done so in its first two games since the 1991-92 season—a season that ended with Krzyzewski’s squad cutting down the nets at the end of the year. The attention given to Okafor—who drew double-teams at times and always commanded multiple sets of eyes from Fairfield defenders— enabled his teammates to move without the ball. Winslow made several well-timed cuts to the basket and was rewarded with on-point passes from his classmate, who was one of six Blue Devils with two or more assists. With six guards able to run the floor, the Blue Devils pushed the pace Saturday, ignited in large part by their aggressive defense. Duke forced 18 Stag giveaways and turned them See M. Basketball on Page 8

Field Hockey

Duke falls to North Carolina in NCAA tournament Jack Dolgin Staff Writer Facing weather as stingy as the Tar Heel defense, Duke fell to North Carolina for the third time this season, ending its NCAA tournament run in the quarterfinals. After beating Northwestern 2-1 in the first round, the DUKE 0 Blue Devils were 3 shutout for only the UNC second time this season in a 3-0 Tar Heel victory. Duke has now lost 12 of the past 13 matchups in the Tobacco Road rivalry. “[Our defense] got some good pressure from the No. 1 team in the country today and [North Carolina] really challenged us,” Duke head coach Pam Bustin said. “If you’re not that experienced on how to handle [fatigue], a good team like North Carolina will find it, and that’s exactly what they did today.” In the first 10 minutes, it appeared that Duke (13-7) would be the one to open the floodgates. A team with 22 first half goals this season compared to just 12 in the second half, the Blue Devils quickly found home in Chapel Hill, earning two penalties and controlling possession to start the game. However, when Duke gave that momentum

away, it was out the window and into the bitter autumn breeze for good. The Tar Heels (19-3) tested Duke goalie Lauren Blazing—the ACC’s leader in save percentage at .780—but she stood her ground and downed incoming missiles. She would finish the game with 13 saves, her highest total of the season. Still, North Carolina was relentless offensively and would not be denied a goal on its fifth penalty of the half. The Tar Heels’ Loren Shealy launched an uncontested laser from the right side of the circle, which Blazing kept in front of her only for Shealy to clean up the crumbs and strike a dinger behind Duke’s leftwardleaping goalkeeper. With 3:50 left in the first half, No. 1 led 1-0. Returning from the locker room, Duke opened with numerous shots, including a rocket from Heather Morris that sailed high. The Blue Devils, however, struggled to get open looks in the circle, resulting in the Tar Heel defense’s seventh shutout this season. North Carolina—which outshot Duke 12-5 in the second half and 23-7 overall— dealt Duke another blow with 14 minutes left starting with a Nina Notman clear to Casey Di Nardo. Di Nardo then broke by Blue Devil defender Alyssa Chillano, drew in Duke’s lone defender as she dribbled down the right side of the box and took

a shot that the wide-open Emma Bozek rebounded past Blazing for a 2-0 lead. The Tar Heels furthered their command with four minutes left, as Bozek and Emily Wold traversed through Duke’s defense in a beautiful give-and-go that all but decided the Blue Devils’ fate. “When you have two players coming at you, you basically have to make a decision,” Blazing said. “I made a decision, and they exploited the decision I made.” With the win, North Carolina travels to College Park, Md., where it will face fellow ACC foe Syracuse. North Carolina beat the Orange 3-0 in September, only for Syracuse to respond with a 3-2 overtime victory in the ACC semifinals. Duke, on the other hand, must turn to its core of underclassmen as it looks to the future. With seven freshman rising and only four seniors leaving, the Blue Devils will have to wait another year to return to 2013 form and reach the National Championship game. “Every team goes through some adversity, but to do it again with the youth we have and some of the inexperience, it’s awesome that we’re even sitting here today,” Bustin said. “We’re looking forward to the future, and this experience that our seniors led us to is only going to help the future of Duke field hockey.”

Brianna Siracuse | The Chronicle Redshirt junior Lauren Blazing tallied a season-high 13 saves against North Carolina.

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MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014 | 7

Football

Duke ready to move past Virginia Tech loss Brian Mazur Beat Writer For seven hours, yesterday’s 17-16 loss to Virginia Tech stuck with the Duke football team. Everything it had done right to jump out to an 8-1 record went awry at Wallace Wade Stadium Saturday afternoon. The Blue Devils had only turned the ball over six times this season. Anthony Boone had been improving throughout the team’s four game win streak and threw two uncharacteristic interceptions. Then there was DeVon Edwards, who was expected to take kicks to the house, not cough up the ball deep in his own territory in the fourth quarter. Duke’s offensive line was the best in the nation entering the game in terms of sacks and tackles for loss, but was manhandled in the second half by a Hokie defense that made itself at home in the Blue Devil backfield, registering four sacks and nine tackles for loss on the afternoon. And the final domino fell when Ross Martin, who was the ACC’s only perfect field goal kicker coming into the game, missed a pair of field goals, including a 40-yard field goal that sailed wide left of the goalpost with less than three minutes to play. The Blue Devils no longer had an inside shot at the ACC Coastal Division title and did not improve to 9-1 for the first time since 1940. And then Miami, who moved into first place after the Blue Devils’ loss, took a commanding 23-7 lead on No. 3 Florida State, looking poised to prevent Duke from controlling its own destiny. Many fans and experts questioned Duke’s rise in the Coastal Division standings as a fluke and pondered what impact the Miami game would have on the Blue Devils’ once-high postseason expectations. Since when was Duke football not allowed to drop a one-point game? Instead of wondering what could have been, head coach David Cutcliffe absorbed his team’s underwhelming performance as a learning experience that could eventually help define his team later in the season. “When you are an 8-2 football team, you are a lot better than most,” he said. “You have to learn how to fail. Failure can never be fine. By having a fast turnaround its almost like having a life lesson. You don’t stay down in this world and become successful.” The effects of the team’s failure were not felt for long. Heisman Trophy winner Jameis Winston and the Seminoles roared back to win 30-26, dealing the Hurricanes their third ACC loss of the season, one more than the Blue Devils. So on those terms, Duke is in nearly the same position it was before Saturday’s loss to the Hokies. Facing a short week and a second chance, the Blue Devils are determined to put the mistake-prone loss behind them and bounce back to put themselves in a position to win the ACC Coastal Division. “It is the only choice we have. We can’t really sit back and relate to this game because we have North Carolina coming up in less than five days, so we have to get our stuff together and move on from this,” defensive end Dezmond Johnson said. “It’s okay to think about it a little bit, but we will get a quick start tomorrow, getting ready for UNC.” Although disappointed, Cutcliffe seemed determined to put the loss behind him and quickly start a new week. Duke’s most intense practice of the week normally comes on Tuesday, but with the short week, Cutcliffe and his squad began to refer to Sunday as Tuesday in order to put the loss behind them and focus on their Tobacco Road rival. The loss comes at a rather opportune time—the Blue Devils can get the tough loss out of their minds and can now focus on getting to Charlotte for the

SPORTS

Khloe Kim | The Chronicle Redshirt senior Anthony Boone was 18-of-40 for 181 yards and two interceptions against the Hokies in Saturday’s loss and will face a quick turnaround with a Thursday night matchup against North Carolina looming.

second straight year. With their backs against the wall and both Miami and Georgia Tech on their tails, they have to move forward. The Yellow Jackets knocked off Clemson 28-6 to finish with a 6-2 record in conference play, meaning that if Duke falters, Georgia Tech will take its place in Charlotte against the Seminoles Dec. 6. Any slim hopes of making the College Football Playoff may be out the door and Orange Bowl aspirations may be no more. But there is no doubt that Duke football still has something to play for: a second straight 10win season, an ACC Championship appearance and—

while we are on the topic of second chances—another opportunity at upsetting Florida State. Although a loss may be a setback, it is by no means the end of glory for the Blue Devils. That’s why putting a loss behind them and putting themselves in a position to win their final two games is so important. Happy early Tuesday Duke football. “It may affect me a little bit tonight, but tomorrow it will not,” Cutcliffe said. “Tomorrow is Tuesday. We have never carried a loss to a Tuesday in any game preparation I have been around as a coach. We will not with this one.”

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Visit http://doinggood.duke.edu to give online, and to see how our combined gifts are having an impact in Durham and the region.

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8 | MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014

Women’s Basketball

Blue Devils roll Tide in season-opener

Duke dominated the paint and capitalized on Alabama turnovers to notch its first win of the 2014-15 season

SPORTS

Sameer Pandhare Beat Writer After watching the men’s team dominate Presbyterian Friday night, the Blue Devils were eager to show that there is another basketball team in Durham to keep an eye on. They did just that and more in their season opener Sunday. With a dominant 42-9 run to begin the first half, No. 7 Duke made quick work of Alabama with a 90-40 victory DUKE 90 on the road in Tuscaloosa, Ala. The Blue Devils stellar showing 40 was fueled by a tenacious effort ALA on defense coupled with a punishing performance in the post. “This team has great chemistry and leadership,” head coach Joanne P. McCallie said in the postgame press conference. “This is a really fun team to coach. It’s going to be a long time before we get to our best. It’s going to take us awhile to figure out how to play with each other after losing those four starters.” Using heavy full-court pressure from the start of the game, Duke (1-0) was able to force the Crimson Tide point guards into errant passes, most of which were intercepted by Blue Devils playing the passing lanes. Duke’s defense forced Alabama (1-1) into 21 turnovers on the night, including 17 steals for the Blue Devils on defense. The steals were often the catalyst for quick scores on the other end that allowed Duke to put the game out of reach in a hurry. Although Alabama struggled with the full-court press, it faced even more issues in coping with the overpowering Blue Devils’ size down low. Duke scored the majority of its field goals in the paint and took advantage of its height by working the offense through post players Elizabeth Williams and Oderah Chidom. Williams and Chidom finished with 17 points apiece, on 7-of-10 and 7-of-9 shooting, respectively. Early in the

Emily Waples | Chronicle File Photo Redshirt freshman Rebecca Greenwell posted a double-double in her first career game as a Blue Devil, notching 17 points and 10 rebounds against the Crimson Tide Sunday.

season, the Blue Devils—who have the tallest team in the NCAA—have made quick work of their opponents by feeding the ball down low, rather than settling for outside shots. “The overall effort was really good. Our focus was definitely there,” Williams said. “Our ability to get the ball inside early and to get stops defensively and hold them was overall a really good effort by our team.” After the early blitz by Duke that spanned the first 18 minutes of the first half, the Crimson Tide settled into the game and put together a strong stretch of play to finish the period. Alabama was led by freshman guard Hannah Cook, who finished with 19 points on the night. “I think we all tried to stay positive,” Alabama head coach Kristy Curry said. It certainly wasn’t a lack of desire or effort or want-to. You’ve got to learn from these experiences, and at the same time I was pleased with our character.” Although the 50-point victory may suggest that the Blue Devils played flawless basketball, this was certainly not the case. Duke committed 21 turnovers

of its own and failed to find its stroke from beyond the arc, shooting just 3-of-12 on the night. But, with a team relying on three new starters and new faces off the bench, early bumps in the road are to be expected for this young Blue Devil squad. Of Duke’s four incoming freshman, 6-foot-5 forward Azurá Stevens had the strongest showing with her first double-double—notching 10 points and 10 rebounds—as a Blue Devil. The Raleigh, N.C., native has been lauded by head coach Joanne P. McCallie for her versatility and ability to play all five positions. Redshirt freshman Rebecca Greenwell also turned in a solid performance with a double-double of her own—posting 17 points and 10 rebounds. Although Greenwell struggled from distance—where she has made her living in preseason exhibitions— the guard’s ability to impact the game in multiple ways is promising going forward in the season. After its solid performance to open the season, Duke will next head to Norfolk, Va., to take on Old Dominion Thursday at 7 p.m.

M. BASKETBALL continued from page 6

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into 32 points. A singular sequence in the second half perfectly illustrated the benefits of the Blue Devils’ run-and-gun, high-pressure style. Ahead by 29 with 12:10 to play, Krzyzewski continued to employ a full-court press, with Plumlee pressuring Fairfield big man Malcom Gilbert in the corner and forcing a panicked pass downcourt. Sophomore Matt Jones dropped back in coverage to pick off the prayer and pushed it ahead to start the fast break. The ball swung to freshman Grayson Allen in the corner, who buried a 3-pointer to increase the lead. “We feel like we have tremendous on-the-ball and off-ball defenders. It’s kind of my job and Quinn’s job and Tyus’ job to pressure the ball and then Matt and Justise’s job to get in the passing lanes,” junior Rasheed Sulaimon said. “When we do that, it can just cause a lot of havoc for the other team. We’re not going to get the steal all the time, but they start their offense farther out than they normally do, they get distracted and then the shot clock is lower when they initiate their offense.” Allen’s bucket was part of a 10-0 Duke run in less than a minute, a quick spurt that the Blue Devils may rattle off frequently this year if they continue their effective ball pressure. The Blue Devils will face their stiffest November test Tuesday in Indianapolis, when they meet No. 18 Michigan State in the fourth edition of the Champions Classic. The Spartans will present a formidable test, but two games into the season, Krzyzewksi likes what he sees from his unit. “They have fun together,” Krzyzewski said. “They just have to keep growing on the court.”

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BIOETHICS

continued from page 2 research participants’ time to participate in these activities, the trained staff time needed to systematically code, analyze and interpret all of the data and expenses associated with disseminating the results,” Beskow wrote. The research is being conducted as part of the Program for Empirical Bioethics, which researches bioethics and attempts to use that research to create policy impacts.

“The mission of our program is first to identify emerging ethical issues and underlying questions that need to be answered, and then, second of all, to develop and conduct research studies to answer those questions,” Weinfurt said. He added that projects such as Beskow’s will hopefully have an immediate impact on the policy landscape. “We try to identify those issues that really are a problem right now and collect data on those and have a plan for making sure we are getting information to the right people to change policy and practices as soon as possible,” Weinfurt said.

MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014 | 9

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Samantha Schafrank | The Chronicle Former Duke president Nan Keohane and Thomas Kenan, trustee of the Duke Endowment, joined the Kenan Institute for Ethics for a reception and dedication ceremony for the Nannerl O. Keohane and Frank Hawkins Kenan Gallery, pictured above, in West Duke Friday afternoon. The opening exhibition featured worksudoku_443A from the Good Question series.

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60 … with steelies and aggies 61 Plays the market 62 Watches secretly

DOWN 1 Dell and HP products 2 Mined rocks 3 Bird in “Arabian Nights” 4 Leg-building exercises 5 Biceps-building exercises 6 Achilles’ weak spot 7 When to expect takeoff, for short 8 Ornamental light fixture 9 Philippine island in W.W. II fighting 10 From square one 11 X-ray type 12 WNW’s opposite 13 81/2” x 11” paper size: Abbr. 14 Candied Thanksgiving food TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE 20 Playoff series finale … or O L E S A L E S O D an apt title K I N G B A D E P A for this puzzle considering the S I T T E R S M E W number and E S T E E M I N G length of its W A R D L I S T theme entries O C E C O S W A B 21 Box opener of R M A T H S H E B A myth S E T H E W H E E L S 22 … with cues and 22 balls E M A T U R A T E S 23 Season to taste, T E N S E R in a certain way T A T S K K I P E N D E R T A R A 24 Trickster of myth A D I M E A D O Z E N 26 With attentiveness K E V I N D U R A N T 27 … with blackS M A R T P H O N E S and-white disks

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T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

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“

Hacking Hackathon Innovators from around the nation gathered for a sleepless event this past weekend for HackDuke. A 24hour challenge to innovate, the hackathon, themed “Code for Good,” invited students to collaborate to create software or hardware relating to one of four tracks: inequality, energy and the environment,

Editorial education and health and wellness. Bringing students together in an environment of collaboration rather than competition, the hackathon presents a laudable model of applied learning for social impact that can be leveraged in other disciplines. HackDuke and hackathons like it offer students a risk-free and collaborative environment to apply their knowledge toward a broader cause. For example, last semester, a HackDuke team created software that could translate sign language into written text. With a low barrier to entry that welcomes all aspiring innovators—with or without coding background— the hackathon fosters a spirit of entrepreneurship that extends beyond the classroom. Furthermore, the emphasis on the intersection between technology and social good leverages learned knowledge and

creativity toward a broader social impact. That the hacakthon was sponsored in collaboration with the Kenan Institute for Ethics, among other organizations, and that the prize for winners within each track is a donation of $500 toward a nonprofit organization of their choice serve as a testament to hackathon’s vested interest in producing social good. While there are additional privately sponsored prizes from companies like Google, Citrix, Microsoft and IBM, the focus of HackDuke remains collaboration. The popularity of HackDuke shows a yearning from the student body to apply their knowledge and skill beyond problem sets. Yet, while HackDuke contributes a net benefit to participating students and broader society, it is important to note that the model presupposes access to technology. In attempting to solve social problems such as educational gaps, it should not be forgotten that access to computers, tablets and smartphones is not universal. These barriers to entry serve as humbling reminders that technology cannot always be the exclusive solution to social and global problems. Leveraging this think tank model of innovation to other disciplines beyond technology, then, can provide further avenues of creating social impact.

—“Algier50” commenting on the editorial “Being Christian in a liberal place”

LETTERS POLICY The Chronicle welcomes submissions in the form of letters to the editor or guest columns. Submissions must include the author’s name, signature, department or class, and for purposes of identification, phone number and local address. Letters should not exceed 325 words; contact the editorial department for information regarding guest columns. The Chronicle will not publish anonymous or form letters or letters that are promotional in nature. The Chronicle reserves the right to edit letters and guest columns for length, clarity and style and the right to withhold letters based on the discretion of the editorial page editor.

few weeks ago, after coming back from Dallas, I was extremely upset about the hysteria surrounding Ebola. When Ebola hit American turf, public hysteria skyrocketed and suddenly news organizations and social media platforms degenerated into a self-centered Ebola frenzy. Now that some of the irrational fear mongering has calmed down, we have time to reflect on the incredible people who are continuing to work on the Ebola response. When I was in fifth grade my teacher told my class that a hero was an ordinary person who had the courage to do something extraordinary. When I think of the men and women who work in the fight against Ebola I can’t help but remember those words. I also feel that we haven’t taken the full time

” edit pages

And I’m suggesting that the ambivalence between the two may not be as reconcilable as the author may wish.

Direct submissions to: E-mail: chronicleletters@duke.edu Editorial Page Department The Chronicle Box 90858, Durham, NC 27708

the other critical jobs that were necessary at the treatment centers such as gravediggers, sanitation specialists, laundry workers and safety guards. When I was reading profiles, my definition of who the “heroes” in the fight against Ebola expanded. It’s not only Dr. Hatch the infectious disease specialist from Massachusetts, but also Jean Dolo, the 44-yearold taxi driver who now digs graves. I’ve learned to include the young university students who work as sanitation specialists and players from Liberia’s soccer team who serve as burial supervisors. I cannot imagine the pain of watching a country and its people be ravaged by an almost invisible enemy, but at least now I have some idea of who the heroes in West Africa really are. In defining heroism amidst the Ebola epidemic,

Shruti Rao

Phone: (919) 684-2663 Fax: (919) 684-4696

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DISTURBING THE UNIVERSE Inc. 1993

CARLEIGH STIEHM, Editor MOUSA ALSHANTEER, Managing Editor EMMA BACCELLIERI, News Editor GEORGIA PARKE, Executive Digital Editor NICK MARTIN, Sports Editor DARBI GRIFFITH, Photography Editor ELIZABETH DJINIS, Editorial Page Editor TIFFANY LIEU, Editorial Board Chair MICHAEL LAI, Director of Online Development TYLER NISONOFF, Director of Online Operations CHRISSY BECK, General Manager RACHEL CHASON, University Editor ALEENA KAREDIYA, Local & National Editor GAUTAM HATHI, Health & Science Editor EMMA LOEWE, News Photography Editor KATIE FERNELIUS, Recess Editor IZZY CLARK, Recess Photography Editor MICHELLE MENCHACA, Editorial Page Managing Editor DANIEL CARP, Towerview Editor ELYSIA SU, Towerview Photography Editor MARGOT TUCHLER, Social Media Editor PATTON CALLAWAY, Senior Editor RAISA CHOWDHURY, News Blog Editor SHANEN GANAPATHEE, Multimedia Editor SOPHIA DURAND, Recruitment Chair MEGAN HAVEN, Advertising Director BARBARA STARBUCK, Creative Director

What if the premise for hackathons was applied to an event for students, say, of public policy? Bringing together a group of innovative people in a fun and risk-free environment could generate ideas to improve existing legislation or provide creative proposals to social problems that heretofore have yet to be addressed. Events like Winter Forum begin to provide opportunities for interdisciplinary approaches to confronting social issues, yet focusing on intradisciplinary innovation like the hackathon might yield new avenues of idea generation. While schools like Stanford and MIT, which also host hackathons, base their identity on science and technology, Duke remains a multi-discipline, academically diverse institution. Yet, the increasing popularity of HackDuke points to an interest in entrepreneurship among the student body. The Certificate in Innovation and Entrepreneurship, which was recently added to the curriculum, points to entrepreneurship becoming a larger part of students’ lives. What does the growing interest in entrepreneurship mean for the upcoming curriculum change? As the University continues to expand its global reach and add innovative programs such as DukeImmerse and Bass Connections, the role entrepreneurship plays should not be overlooked.

Defining heroes

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10 | MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014

KALI SHULKLAPPER, University Editor JENNA ZHANG, Local & National Editor GRACE WANG, Health & Science Editor BRIANNA SIRACUSE, Sports Photography Editor GARY HOFFMAN, Recess Managing Editor YUYI LI, Online Photo Editor RYAN HOERGER, Sports Managing Editor DANIELLE MUOIO, Towerview Editor ELIZA STRONG, Towerview Creative Director RYAN ZHANG, Special Projects Editor RITA LO, Executive Print Layout Editor IMANI MOISE, News Blog Editor KRISTIE KIM, Multimedia Editor ANDREW LUO, Recruitment Chair MEGAN MCGINITY, Digital Sales Manager MARY WEAVER, Operations Manager

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to appreciate the impact of their work. One of the greatest challenges in confronting Ebola has been dealing with the fear of the unknown. It explains why health care workers faces have faced such serious stigma issues, which have escalated into unnecessary isolation measures here in the US. But even those who have a sophisticated understanding of Ebola must wonder how we can properly appreciate the contribution of health care workers who put their own lives on the line to serve others. New York Times journalist Daniel Berehulak wanted to answer this same question. His latest piece “Braving Ebola” is a collection of striking photos and interviews that attempt to capture the lives of those who are on the front lines of the battle against Ebola. The first step is to get a better sense of who the health care workers actually are. While reading through Berehulak’s work, I realized that the image of health care workers I was carrying in my head was not really accurate. I was thinking of American doctors and nurses who were traveling abroad with organizations like Doctors Without Borders. I had thought less about doctors and nurses from Sierra Leone and Liberia and had not thought at all about

I have learned an important lesson. I still think my fifth grade teacher was right—heroes are ordinary people who do extraordinary things. However, I learned that I should push myself not just to appreciate the obvious, but also the unsung heroes. The men and women who courageously risk their lives are heroes whether they are American or West African. Whether they are meticulously disinfecting treatment facilities or physically caring for patients, their work is saving lives. Take a moment today to think about what it would be like to leave your family and country and expose yourself to a potentially lethal disease. Or maybe think about what it would be like to lose close friends and family and still return to the treatment facility spraying buckets of chlorine over concrete floors. When we take this time to reflect on the courage and strength it must take to fight Ebola, we take yet another step towards fully appreciating this humanitarian crisis. We push ourselves to challenge our subconscious definitions and open ourselves to a deeper, more meaningful sense of gratitude. Shruti Rao is a Trinity freshman. Her column runs every other Monday.

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MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2014 | 11

See you in the End Zone

Privilege vortex

n keeping with the goals I set for myself this semester, I decided to marathon “Breaking Bad” on Netflix this past week. Schoolwork will come and go, but television series are cultural icons that will live on for at least a few years. However, because I maxed out my credit card buying Crimea from the Russians—I’m doing renovations, it’s really nice now, I promise—my subscription to Netflix was promptly cancelled. I don’t have a lot of experience dealing with my own emotions since I essentially am being forced into helping you all with your mediocre problems, so I was at a loss of how to deal with this personal tragedy. Because I have no idea how to live without money, your guardian devil decided to use this hopefully once in a lifetime experience to teach normally privileged (but not as privileged as me) Duke students how to get by without a black Amex card in hand. So after spending four hours watching Taylor Swifts’ “Blank Space” video, which was coincidentally filmed at my summer house (I did not appreciate Taylor damaging my car) and looking at Kim Kardashian’s booty, which did seem to “Break the Internet,” likely because I had nowhere to go and the Wellness Dorm has a porn filter for its WiFi. To all the well-to-do’s, I realized that the cheapest thing to do if I couldn’t binge drink,

Monday Monday WITH DISDAIN, YOUR GUARDIAN DEVIL

this week to jet off to somewhere warm and exciting like Saudi Arabia, the only other respite for a student like me was to do what I’ve been avoiding for years—going to a Duke athletic event. Your guardian devil is going to assume that most of you basics know how athletic events work here since everyone seems to worship those who are more physically fit and loves waiting for lines as seriously as if Line Monitors are handing out food stamps. Your guardian devil showed up to the Duke vs. Presbyterian game half expecting to see some sort of religious holy war on the court, but mostly disappointed to just be watching a basketball game where it seemed like professional athletes were slaughtering kindergartners who just learned how to dribble. To anyone still needing advice on how to succeed at Duke, your guardian devil, despite not having any money to back up my claims, has learned that this victorious basketball game is essentially a microcosm of what Duke students want to be— just so freaking good at something that, no matter how easy it is, so that you can inflate your ego and mercilessly mock your enemies. Duke football is in a different league of its own, mostly because the games are played outside and Durham is either too hot or too cold to be away from centralized air conditioning or heating so I

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eat or mindlessly watch television, would be to exercise. The gift of healthy living is free, which probably explains why no one wants it. Yet, in an effort to teach you all how easy it is to not have money—after all, mo money mo problems—I thought I would engage in a little exercise in poverty by going for a run. Now, I’m pretty sure that God has decided to bring on the apocalypse early (definitely for North Carolina’s approval of gay marriage or a belated anger about Civil Rights), but upon experiencing the great outdoors during my brief run from the bus stop to the traffic circle, I got frostbite. The rumors are true—the polar vortex is back and angry. During my painful wait in the cold, where I called Duke Vans to take me back to the Chapel, I came to a sobering realization—yeah, I pregamed my run a bit—that from now until Last Day of Classes this campus would essentially be a wasteland of North Face jackets, darkness, depression and winter weight gain. My doctor told me that my heart was already cold as ice, so in the interest of my health I learned I should minimize my time outside, since I don’t need additional exposure to cruelty. Regardless, from what this semester has taught me so far, it seems that most Duke students are reasonably warm and loving so I advise that you all spend more time outside in the hinterland known as Duke so that you can be more frigid and unloving like me. As much as I hate the polar vortex, I respect it since we are kindred spirits—being hauntingly dark and cold are great qualities, since they’ve obviously gotten me into this position of power. Because of doctor’s orders and a lack of funds

can’t really speak much about those athletics since I decided that not freezing to death was more important. However, your guardian devil knows that some of you are masochists, so I imagine what you’ve learned from watching Duke football this week is actually what Duke students know to be true—no matter how hard you try, you can still fail—a lesson more actually akin to what Duke is really like—keep this in mind, potential students. Because Mommy and Daddy are vacationing on separate space stations and I won’t have any money until Tuesday, I’m utterly stumped on what else to tell you besides the fact that not being able to spend copious amount of money online or in person absolutely sucks. Seriously, I blame my awesome upbringing for not teaching me to appreciate the simpler things in life like community or friends or sports or the C1. The higher ups in the Duke administration, Counseling and Psychological Services and my nutritionist, have all told me this is likely a sign that I draw much of my self-worth, personality and attitudes from my privilege, not from within. They’re probably right, since I now know from my week of half-assed life experiences in poverty—but mostly boredom—that there’s nothing better than having too much money. The life lesson here, my followers, is that the privilege vortex is much better than a polar one and if you don’t experience the former, we have nothing worthwhile in common. Your guardian devil is working with Duke Athletics to build an indoor stadium for Duke Football, mostly so it can double as a personal parking space.

Want to contribute to campus dialogue? The Spring 2015 columnist and Monday Monday applications are now available online. Send an email to mnm15@duke.edu for more information.

utside of sports, there are few social events on campus that bring students together. There are even fewer where the only person you need to know to get in is no one. Heatwave, President Brodhead’s Homecoming Ball and Last Day Of Classes are the first that come to mind. Come next week, there will be one more—End Zone, a new on-campus concert to get students excited for the Duke-UNC football game. The concert is this Wednesday from 6-10pm in the Keohane Amphitheater, with headliners Aer going on stage at 9pm. University sponsored events such as these are some of the most anticipated and memorable events for students, and Duke should continue to plan more events like End Zone that are not only open to all students, but also enjoyed by all students. They bring students together to share a common experience regardless of affiliation or socioeconomic status—the unifying value of these events as part of the Duke experience can’t be understated. They are the few times where students can truly appreciate the diversity at Duke, and when the social walls that build up over time are temporarily broken down. For those few hours, it’s like orientation week again—it’s ok to interact with random people you’ve never met before or have only seen around campus. These sorts of large university-sponsored events aren’t normally held in the middle of the week like End Zone will be, so some of you might

Justin Koritzinsky SOUNDOFFS FROM EDENS be second guessing your decision to attend—you shouldn’t be. There are many students who are regulars at Wednesday night Shooters, but for the majority who aren’t, let me tell you why you shouldn’t stay in this Wednesday by disproving all the reasons you might think you should. “I have an 8:30am class Thursday morning.” You also have a 6pm seminar called “Go to Hell Carolina” followed by the weed-out “You Go to Duke.” Attendance counts for 100 percent of your grade. “Will I have fun?” It’s the pre-game to the pre-game to Shooters and the DukeUNC football game—so the answer is yes. It will be a good time and you will have fun. “I don’t like all the inconveniences from the construction on campus.” No one does. Go to End Zone to commiserate with your fellow students by forgetting about construction and having a good time. “I haven’t heard of Aer. I also haven’t heard of the internet. Are either of them cool?” Yes and yes. In fact, it’s widely reported that Chris Brown and Jordin Sparks are fans of both—the two even wrote a song claiming that human life is dependent on Aer. “Where is Keohane Amphitheatre?” It’s the same place that Heatwave was. If you can’t remember attending Heatwave (I’m talking to you freshmen), just follow everyone else. “I’m simultaneously from California and Florida, meaning that I can’t function in temperatures below 50 °F.” Good news! There will be students all around you, each giving off heat at 98.6°F. If it feels any warmer than 100°F, people are vomiting everywhere and they’ve recently returned from Guinea, Sierra Leone or Liberia, Ebola—get the hell out of there. Otherwise, you’re fine. “I’m from New Jersey.” It’s best that you stay home watching reruns of Jersey Shore and Real Housewives—you can even pretend that you’re from New York! “I don’t know anyone who’s going.” You’re not alone and it doesn’t matter. More importantly, there will be people from your classes being overly friendly and occasionally making fools of themselves—you don’t want to miss that. “I don’t know anything about football.” That’s OK. In fact, the only thing this event has in common with football is that it support all things and students at Duke. “Why should I attend an administration sponsored event? I don’t like the administration pushing their agenda down my throat.” Neither do I. End Zone is planned by students for students though, not by people sitting in their faraway offices and out of range from student concerns. “I don’t like music.” You should still come if not to salvage your social reputation, then to get a free beanie. If not to get a free beanie, then to get food from food trucks. If not to get food from food trucks, then you deserve a life of Marketplace. “I haven’t heard of End Zone.” Now you have. Be at Keohane Amphitheatre from 6-10pm this Wednesday—you’ll thank yourself for going and so will the football team. Justin Koritzinsky is a Trinity sophomore and the . His column runs every other Monday.

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Interested in learning more about Middle Eastern history, politics, cultures, films, or languages? See what Duke has to offer this spring! Our courses include: Arabic, Turkish, Hebrew, Persian language classes AMES 390: Palestine and the Moving Image, Shai Ginsburg AMES 228: The Middle East Now, Ellen McLarney AMES 230: Islam in the Americas, Mona Hassan CULANTH 416 : Imperialism and Islamism, Engseng Ho AMES 221: Arab Society and Culture in Film. Miriam Cooke AMES 320: Refugee Lives, Miriam Cooke/Maha Houssami AMES 324: Muslim Philosophy and Theology, Mohsen Kadivar

and more!

Check out www.middleeaststudies.duke.edu for a full list of courses

The Sanford School of Public Policy presents

The 2014 Crown LeCTure in eThiCS

a conversation about

ArT & PoLiTiCS

PLAywrighT

Tony Kushner Author of “Angels in America” & the screenplay “Lincoln”

Philip Bennett Professor of the practice of journalism and public policy

Monday, Nov. 17, 2014 5:30p.m. | Fleishman Commons Sanford Building | Free and open to the Public

@DukeSanford #KushnerDuke sanford.duke.edu

AMES 222: Syria and Iraqi Revolutions, Abdul Shakhly