Levonorgestrel How it works, uses, side effects-AASraw

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Levonorgestrel: How it works, uses, side effects-AASraw Content Levonorgestrel: How it works, uses, side effects-AASraw............................................................................................................... 1 1. What is Levonorgestrel powder?.................................................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Levonorgestrel Benefits................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. How does Levonorgestrel work?...................................................................................................................................................................5 4. What dosage of levonorgestrel you should take?................................................................................................................................... 6 5. What you should to follow if missed Levonorgestrel dosage?............................................................................................................ 7 6. What are the side effects of levonorgestrel?............................................................................................................................................ 8 7. What you should know before using Levonorgestrel?.........................................................................................................................11

1. What is Levonorgestrel powder?

Levonorgestrel powder is a a progestin that is used as contraception, sold under the brand name Plan B among others. It is useful within 120 hours as emergency birth control after unprotected sex or after failure of another birth control method(such as condom breakage, or missing 2 or more birth control pills). It works by preventing a woman's egg from fully developing. It may also prevent the attachment of the woman's egg to the wall of the uterus. but it will not prevent the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS]) and other sexually transmitted diseases. Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7 is marketed mostly as a combination oral contraceptive under several brand names such as Alesse, Triphasil, and Min-Ovral. It is effective for long-term prevention of pregnancy.

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Chemical name:

Levonorgestrel powder

CAS:

797-63-7

EINECS:

212-349-8

Molecular Formula:

C21H28O2

Molecular Weight:

312.45

Purity:

99%min 13-ethyl-17-alpha-ethynyl-17-beta-hydroxy-4-gonen-3-one ; 13-ethyl-17-alpha-ethynylgon-4-en-17-beta-ol-3-one ; 13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-19-dinor-17-alpha-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-on(+)-1 ; 17-alpha-ethinyl-13-beta-ethyl-17-beta-hydroxy-4-estren-3-one ;

Synonyms: 17-beta-hydroxy-18-methyl-19-nor-17-alpha-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-on ; 17-ethynyl-18-methyl-19-nortestosteron ; 17-ethynyl-18-methyl-19-nortestosterone ; 18-methyl-17-alpha-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone Melting point:

206째C

Boiling Point:

459.1째C at 760 mmHg

Flash Point:

195.4째C

Storage Temp:

2-8째C

Color:

White crystalline powder

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2. Levonorgestrel Benefits

Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7 gives the users many non-contraceptive benefits: the amount of menstrual bleeding and the number of days of menstrual bleeding are reduced, which makes it suitable for the treatment of menorrhagia (heavy menstrual blood loss).

Dysmenorrhoea (painful menstruation) and premenstrual symptoms are also relieved. In addition, Levonorgestrel provides protection for the endometrium during hormone replacement therapy. The local release of levonorgestrel into the uterine cavity results in a strong uniform suppression of the endometrial epithelium as the epithelium becomes 3

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insensitive to estradiol released from the ovaries. This accounts for the reduction in menstrual blood loss. All possible patterns of bleeding are seen among users of Levonorgestrel; however, most of the women who experience total amenorrhoea continue to ovulate. The first months of use are often characterised by irregular, scanty bleeding, which in most cases resolves spontaneously. The menstrual pattern and fertility return to normal soon after Levonorgestrel is removed. The contraceptive efficacy is high with 5-year failure rates of 0.5-1.1 per 100 users. The absolute number of ectopic pregnancies is low, as is the rate per 1000 users. Levonorgestrel is equally effective in all age groups and the bodyweight of the user is not associated with failure of the method. In Western cultures continuance rates among users of Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7 are comparable with those of other long-term methods of contraception. Premature removal of the device is most often associated with heavy menstrual bleeding and pain, as with other long-term methods of contraception, and is most common in the youngest age group. When adequately counselled about the benign nature of oligo- or amenorrhoea, most women are very willing to accept life without menstruation. The risk of premature removal can be markedly diminished with good pre-insertion counselling, which also markedly increases user satisfaction. User satisfaction is strongly associated with the information given at the time of Levonorgestrel insertion. Thus, the benefits of the levonorgestrel make it a very suitable method of contraception for most women.

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3. How does Levonorgestrel work?

Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7 comes as a tablet to take by mouth. If you are taking levonorgestrel as a single tablet product , take one tablet as soon as possible within 72 hours (3 days) after unprotected sexual intercourse. If you are taking levonorgestrel as a two tablet product, take one tablet as soon as possible within 72 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse and take a second dose 12 hours later. Levonorgestrel works best if it is taken as soon as possible after unprotected sexual intercourse. If you vomit less than 2 hours after you take a dose of levonorgestrel, contact your doctor to ask if you need to repeat the dose. After you take this medication, the time when your period comes and how much you bleed may change. Tell your doctor right away if your period is more than 7 days late. You may need to take a pregnancy test. If you are taking the over-the-counter product to self-treat, read all directions on the product package before taking this medication. If you have any questions, talk to your pharmacist. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, take it as directed. This medication may not work well in women over a certain weight (for example, greater than 164 pounds or 74 kilograms), or if you have used certain other medications within the past month. This effect can result in pregnancy. Talk to your doctor for more details and to see if this medication is right for you (see also Drug Interactions section).

Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7 may be prescribed for other uses. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

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4. What dosage of levonorgestrel you should take?

Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7 comes in pill form and a dose of 1.5mg must be taken not more than 72 hours after intercourse. It is most effective within 24 hours.

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Single dose regimen: Take one 1.5 mg tablet as soon as possible within 72 hours of unprotected sex or when birth control fails.

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Two-dose regimen: Take one 0.75 mg tablet as soon as possible within 72 hours of unprotected sex or when birth control fails, followed by a second 0.75 mg tablet 12 hours later.

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5. What you should to follow if missed Levonorgestrel dosage?

Read and follow these instructions carefully as missing dosage will increases your risk of becoming pregnant. and call your doctor if you have any questions.

If you miss one active pill, take it as soon as you can. Then take your next pill at the regular time. This means you may take two pills in one day. If you miss two active pills in week 1 or 2, take two pills as soon as you can and two more pills the next day.

Continue taking one pill a day until you finish the pack. Use another kind of birth control for seven days after you miss a dose. If you miss two active pills in a row in Week 3: Day 1 start—Throw out the rest of your pills and start a new pack on the same day. Sunday start—Continue taking one pill a day until Sunday, then throw out the rest of the pack and start a new pack that same day. If you miss three active pills in a row in Week 1, 2, or 3, throw out the rest of the pack and start a new pack on the same day if you are a Day 1 starter. If you are a Sunday starter, keep taking a pill every day until Sunday. On Sunday, throw out the rest of the pack and start a new pack that day. If you miss two or more active pills, you may not have a period during the month. If you miss a period for two months in a row, call your doctor because you might be pregnant. If you miss a reminder pill, throw it away and keep taking one reminder pill per day until the pack is empty. The more pills you miss, the more likely you are to have bleeding.If you miss two periods in a row, call your doctor for a pregnancy test before you take any more pills.

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Store Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7 in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light.

6. What are the side effects of levonorgestrel?

Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7 may cause some adverse effects when used as an emergency contraceptive. Check with your doctor or pharmacist immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

Common side effects of levonorgestrel can include:

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Fatigue

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Dizziness

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Depression

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mild bloating

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Liver problems

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Weight changes

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Allergic reactions

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Breast tenderness

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Headache or migraine

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Loss of interest in sex

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Abdominal or pelvic pain

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Irregular vaginal bleeding or spotting

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longer or heavier menstrual periods

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stopping of menstrual bleeding

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uterine bleeding between menstrual periods

Less serious side effects of levonorgestrel may include:

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headache, nausea, diarrhea, or stomach pain;

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dizziness, tired feeling;

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cramps

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pale skin

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Blurred vision

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nervousness

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slow or fast heartbeat

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breast pain or tenderness;

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troubled breathing with exertion

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unusual tiredness or weakness

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unusual bleeding or bruising

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itching of the vagina or genital area

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white or brownish vaginal discharge

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thick, white vaginal discharge with mild or no odor

More serious side effects that do require medical attention can include: 9

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Genital sores

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High blood pressure

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Signs of pregnancy

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Fever or flu-like symptoms

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severe cramps or pelvic pain;

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Severe or sudden headache

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Severe abdominal pain

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Sudden shortness of breath

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Yellowing of the skin or eyes

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Pain, swelling or warmth in the leg

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pain during sexual intercourse;

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Difficulty with talking, walking or balance

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No menstrual period for six weeks during use

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pale skin, weakness, easy bruising or bleeding;

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heavy or ongoing vaginal bleeding, vaginal sores, vaginal discharge that is watery, foul-smelling discharge, or otherwise unusual;

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severe pain in your side or lower stomach;

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Swelling of face, lips, eyelids, tongue, hands and feet Allergic reactions such as skin rash, itching, hives, or

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swelling of the face, lips or tongue

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This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor or pharmacist about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

7. What you should know before using Levonorgestrel?

Before using Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7, the risks of taking Levonorgestrel must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:

Existing pregnancy— Levonorgestrel should not be used if you are already pregnant or planning a pregnancy 11

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in near future. Chances of a pre-existing pregnancy should be ruled out before taking this medicine.

Breast-feeding—

There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using Levonorgestrel during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking Levonorgestrel while breastfeeding.

Weight gain—

Use of Levonorgestrel can cause moderate to significant weight gain and hence should be used with caution if you are obese or are suffering from obesity related disorders.

Infections—

Use of Levonorgestrel , especially for a prolonged duration, may increase the chances of getting an infection. Any instance of infection after use of this medicine should be reported to the doctor.

Allergies—

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

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Other diseases—

Report the incidence of diseases like asthma, epilepsy, migraine, diseases of the heart and blood vessels etc to the doctor before receiving this medicine.

Other medicines—

Levonorgestrel CAS: 797-63-7 is known to interact with many medicines that you might possibly be taking. Report the use of all medicines including herbs and supplements to the doctor

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