Trends in Assistive Technology: Mind, Body & Social Dr Ger Craddock Centre for Excellence in Universal Design National Disability Authoirity, Ireland
www.universaldesign.ie
What does a school do with 5- and 6-year-old kids?
In Kyoto Japan created a kindergarten that doesn't fight against kids' natural impulses. It counts on them.
The roof is a giant ring of a playground. Why? Kids love to run in circles.
This shows the rambling travels of one little boy over the course of just 20 minutes. Over the course of his entire morning, he covered 6,000 meters, or 3.7 miles!
Things are deliberately a little risky.
Designing the Future, but First....
“The future will be less about predicting it and more about collaboratively designing it” Josephine Green (Philips Design)
"We can chart our future clearly and wisely only when we know the path which has led to the present.” Adlai Stevenson American statesman
What is Assistive Technology? Assistive Technology (AT) concerns the practical tools that can support functional needs of people who experience difficulties linked to disability or ageing. It encompasses a broad spectrum of low tech and high tech technologies, e.g. walking sticks/frames, wheelchairs, to high end hearing, vision, and computerbased communication devices. The International Standards Organisation (ISO 9999)
Overview of Assistive Technology Domain Home Adaptations H
om
Smart homes
“A
e
an
d
E
m bi en
v
er Assistive Technology y
da y
Employment Education
Te le tA ss
is te d
Li
vi ng
”( A A
ca re
L)
Li fe
Home telehealth ‘Welfare Technology’
Research Study for NDA (2011-12)
Objectives
map the system(s) of AT provision in Ireland identify good practice from other countries prepare guidance for further development of the Irish system
AT service delivery systems in 3 settings home / community / everyday life employment education
Other countries covered Denmark
Italy
Netherlands
Norway
UK
Germany
Different ‘Welfare’ Regimes & AT Service Delivery Systems Welfare regime / AT service delivery system Denmark
Tax-based funding, municipalities, universal system
Norway
Social insurance funding, single agency (NAV), municipalities, universal system
Netherlands
Compulsory private health insurance & municipalities, universal system
Italy
Tax-based funding (national health system), universal system; also NGOs
UK
Tax-based funding; universal system for national health service, often incomerelated for AT provided under social service system
Germany
Social insurance funding of AT for employment; largely universal system
Ireland
Mainly tax-based funding; public services & publicly-funded NGOs; public-private mix (income and age related)
Cross-country analysis on some key themes
policy importance given to AT
universality and public-private mix
coverage across settings and the lifecycle
service quality standards
availability of specialist AT expertise
AT education and training
information and awareness
user / consumer choice
performance monitoring and statistics
Aspects addressed Policy: more attention and stronger strategic position for AT and related fields AT provision system Home/community (Health & Social Services) HSE-NGO cooperation
Public-private mix
Related Fields
Education
Employment
‘Welfare technology’ industries
Coordination and continuity across settings, transitions and the stages of lifecycle Synergies & Market opportunities
Quality improvement and other measures Standards
Information & awareness
Monitoring & evidence-base
User choice
Specialist AT expertise
AT skills for frontline staff
Market functioning
Telecare, Telehealth ‘AAL’ Etc.
Modern systems in provision of Assistive Technology (AT) to support independent living 2012
Report Available @ www.nda.ie
National Disability Survey 2006
Average Disabilities per Person 2.6 http://www.cso.ie/en/media/csoie/releasespublications/documents/otherreleases/nationaldisability/National,Disability,Surv ey,2006,First,Results,full,report.pdf
ESRI/NDA: Lives of children with Disabilities March 2015
http://www.esri.ie/UserFiles/publications/BKMNEXT274.pdf
Presence of other Disability by Disability Type Disability
Remember & Concentrate
Intellectual
Seeing
74%
80%
Hearing
66%
Speech
73%
91%
Dexterity & Mobility
73%
83%
Remember & Concentrate
94%
Intellectual
80%
EPMH
75%
Speech
EPMH and Speech
68%
42% 43%
91%
Assistive Technology Usage and Unmet Need amongst People with Disabilities in Ireland NDA Forthcoming 2015 AT use NDS 2006 Disability
AT use
Numbers
Dexterity
Walking aids
83,300
Dexterity & Mobility
Grab bars or bathroom aids
64,500
Seeing
Magnifiers, large print or Braille reading materials
16,100
Hearing
Hearing Devices
13,400
Intellectual
General devices: talking books, computers
9,400
Remembering
Products or technology such as automated reminders
19,380
Assistive Technology Usage and Unmet Need amongst People with Disabilities in Ireland NDA Forthcoming 2015 Cont’d •Age as a key factor in not having needs meet •People with more than one disability, 'secondary' disability not covered •Age of On set – younger better chance •Severity of disability improved chances of getting AT •No major differences regarding Region or Gender
Advantages of Everyday Technologies: •Very “Cool” •Less expensive •Being cheaper can act as backup or secondary device
Disadvantages of Everyday Technologies: •Will not be funded by Authority •Designed for “average user”
Advantages of Specialised Devices: They are likely to be paid by Authority They are durable, can withstand being dropped, having moisture get inside They have strong support services and warranties They tend to work better for persons with complex needs
Disadvantages of Specialised Devices: They can be large and heavy They can be costly
Impact of Technology Trends on e-Inclusion Policy and Practice
ICT Trends Impacting on AT • Increasing Tech power + decreasing size and costs; • New interfaces: virtual projected interfaces, speech input and output, Direct Brain interfaces, multi modal interfaces, artificial intelligent agents that can act as mediators, service robots; • Connected anywhere and anytime: technologies that soon will be wearable or incorporated directly into clothing; • Creation of virtual places, service providers, and products that can enable a person to shop, explore, learn, travel, socialize, and work in “cyber space.” Modified from Gregg C Vanderheiden Ph.D.
Concerns going forward: •Devices getting more complex before they get simpler. •Increased use of digital controls (e.g., push buttons used in combination with displays, touch screens, etc.) •The shrinking size of products • Increasing use of automated self-service devices, especially in unattended locations, •decrease of face-to-face interaction, and increase in e-business, e-government, e-learning, e-shopping, etc., services becoming inaccessible to those who are unable to access these Internetbased places and services.
A Paradigm Shift – World Report on Disability (2011) – WHO + World Bank Accessibility: Provides basic access and usability of facilities, products and services for people with disabilities Universal design: Enables independence and social participation for all through continual improvement.
Universal Design Universal Design is the design and composition of an environment so that it can be accessed, understood and used to the greatest extent possible by all people regardless of their age, size, ability or disability . (Synopsis of the Irish Disability Act 2005)
An approach to promoting more accessibility and usability in Built environment, Products, Services and ICT systems. Centre for Excellence in Universal Design, CEUD Established January, 2007 in the NDA
“Good” vs “Bad” design
• After a century of rapid technological innovation and development
Philips (2004) “The Philips Index: Calibrating the Convergence of Healthcare, Lifestyle and Technology. “
Poor Design
Traditional ‘Medicalised’ Model of Home Adaptations
Courtesy Alison Wright www.easylivinghome.co.uk
UNIVERSAL DESIGN (FOR ALL PEOPLE)
Great Design
Royal Institute of Architects Ireland Annual Architecture Awards 2013
2013 Winner (and also Peoples Choice Award) – UCD Student Centre
Residential Adaption and Extension wins 2014 RIAI Universal Design Award
“It is a delight to live in and has greatly improved the quality of life for the whole family�
Universal System – Environment/Service/Technology
“Whole Systems” Approach:
A Global Common Language (Taxonomies and Classification Systems)
ICF – International Classification of Functioning ISO – International Standards Organisation – Guide 71 – Guide to accessibility in Standard Development
Common Framework – PAE Person – Activity - Environment
HTTP://UNIVERSALDESIGN.IE/UDSITEFILES/UNIVERSAL_DESIGN_AND _THE_ICF-GUIDANCE_SUMMARY.PDF
Designing with: (ProAm) V Designing for: (Passive recipient)
Discover – Define – Develop - Deliver
Problem Solving -Linear V Human Centred Design - Fuzzy
Collaboration (Crowdsourcing/Open Source)
V Lone Ranger (Narrow focus/Closed)
Universal Design Process
People
1. Discover
2. Define
4. Deliver
3. Develop
7 Principles
Universal Design for Learning •UDL framework is based in the neuroscience of learning, and its principles emphasise three key aspects of pedagogy: Multiple Means of: • representing information, • expression of knowledge, and • engagement in learning (Rose 2015 Rose, Meyer and Hitchcock, 2005; Meyer, Rose, & Gordon 2014)
www.
© CAST 2011
CAST. org
Universal Design for Learning
Tim Berners-Lee
Š CAST 2011
3 D Printing
Autonomous Vehicles' (AVs)
Wearable Technologies
Smart Home Technologies (IoT)
Building for Everyone – A universal Design Approach
The purpose in producing Guidelines for Universal Design (UD) Homes is to: •Inspire people to think differently about better quality homes for everyone. •Assist in the design and delivery of UD Homes through practical guidelines.
Research, Recommendations & Design Guidance for Home Design in Ireland for people living with Dementia, their families and carers looking at New Build and Retro-Fit Homes from a Universal Design approach Completion 2st Quarter 2015
CEUD Universal Design Challenges Universal Needs to Universal Designs
Universal Design Grand Challenge 2015
Thank you www.universaldesign.ie