AgriPost February 22 2019

The AgriPost

February 22, 2019

Strong Charolais Breeding Program Wins Award

Barb and Darcy Kozack are the winners of the 2019 Manitoba Charolais Commercial Breeder of the year, pictured standing alongside their cattle south of Rossburn.

By Joan Airey Darcy and Barb Kozack were named Manitoba Charolais Commercial Breeder for 2019. The couple ranch south of Rossburn, Manitoba.

Darcy and Barb began

farming together at Darcy’s family farm in 1992 taking over from his parents. At that time Barb had a veterinary practice in Rossburn and she jokes Darcy was one of her best clients.

For as long as Darcy can re-

member even before he and Barb took over the farm his parents had used Charolais bulls.

“We run a hundred and twenty cows and usually have about three quarters calving in the first cycle and

about ninety per cent have calved by the second,” said Barb. “We see the value in good nutrition and the importance of feeding adequate trace minerals and vitamin supplementation in all aspects of our cattle program.

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Additional Livestock Producers Receive Tax Relief for 2018 The Government of Canada released the final list of designated regions where livestock tax deferral has been authorized for 2018 due to drought conditions.

On September 14, 2018, the Government announced the initial list of 63 prescribed Manitoba regions eligible for livestock tax deferral. Ongoing analysis of drought conditions has indicated the need to expand the list of designated regions for 2018, with new regions identified. A second designation of 17 eligible regions was made on October 31 for the province.

In total 80 regions in Manitoba have been identified as eligible for the 2018 Livestock Tax Deferral.

The livestock tax deferral provision allows producers in prescribed drought or excess moisture regions to defer a portion of their 2018 sale proceeds of breeding livestock until 2019 to help replenish the herd. The cost of replacing the animals in 2019 will offset the deferred income, thereby reducing the tax burden associated with the original sale.

Eligibility for the tax deferral is limited to those producers located inside the prescribed areas. To defer income, the breeding herd must have been reduced by at least 15%. Where the breeding herd has been reduced by at least 15%, but less than 30%, 30% of income from net sales can be deferred. Where the breeding herd has been reduced by 30% or more, 90% of income from net sales can be deferred.

Producers in those regions can request the tax deferral when filing their 2018 income tax returns.

Visit agr.gc.ca and choose drought watch under programs and services.

The AgriPost

February 22, 2019

Strong Charolais Breeding Program Wins Award Our area in Manitoba tends to have severe copper and selenium/Vitamin E deficiencies in our feed and my years in large animal practice have taught me to be very aware of these problems and to address them properly. I think every veterinarian should own a herd of beef cattle to really learn this industry.”

They calf their cows in March and April and background the calves until February of the next year. Generally they sell the calves at Heartland Livestock in Virden or Brandon. Their high quality Charolais cross steers and heifers are fed and managed to be ready for the feedlot. They raise their own replacement females.

“We really appreciate quiet cattle as we spend every day working with them. We look for cows that are productive and easy keepers that will stay in good shape,” said Barb. “We look for sound thick bulls that will sire good carcass animals as well as producing good replacement females.”

The Kozacks are cattle ranchers that grow their own hay and also rent some extra pasture and hay land. They buy their cattle feed grains.

“We have always been strong advocates of a good vaccination programs in our cattle. It is much more

Continued from Page 1

Barb says they really appreciate quiet cattle as they spend every day working with them and they look for cows that are productive and easy keepers that will stay in good shape.

economical to prevent a lot of disease by using good vaccine programs and good nutrition and management,” said Barb. “Healthy animals will always bring the premium and this will become increasingly important in the future as beef producers will have fewer options for antibiotics due to development of resistance to more and more of the antibiotics in use. I have always tried to educate my clients on the value of preventative medicine.”

Darcy and Barb have been around cattle all their lives.

Barb grew up on a beef farm near Grandview and also was a 4-H member. Now she occasionally helps with the

local 4-H Riding Mountain Wranglers and with the annual horse show put on by the Rossburn Ag Society. She believes 4-H is a really important educational tool for children.

Both have been very active in their church.

Darcy was a director of the church board for several years and was church president for a term.

“Our parents instilled strong work ethics into both of us and taught us that anything worth doing is worth doing well.

Add to that the quality of the great Charolais breed and life has been good for us!” said the Kozacks.

Modernized Canada-Chile Free Trade Agreement Comes into Force Recently Global Affairs Canada announced that the Amending Agreements to the Canada-Chile Free Trade Agreement (CCFTA) entered into force on February 5.

The CCFTA was Canada’s first free trade agreement with a South American Country. Since its entry into force in 1997, Canada and Chile have taken multiple steps to broaden and modernize the Free Trade Agreement.

The recent amendments modernize the existing CCFTA in order to better support an open and inclusive rules-based trading environment. This includes brand new chapters on sanitary and phytosanitary measures, and technical barriers to trade, as well as improvements to the existing investment chapter, bringing this chapter in line with some of Canada’s most recent trade agreements, and technical amendments to the existing government procurement chapter. The amendments include a stand-alone chapter on trade and gender.

“This milestone agreement will help further encourage trade between Canada and

Chile, by stimulating investment and creating new jobs. It has been modernized to reflect the Canadian economy of today, including the dynamic leadership that women continue to demonstrate as entrepreneurs and innovators,” said Jim Carr, Minister of International Trade Diversification.

The new sanitary and phytosanitary chapter provides scope for better communication and cooperation between Canada and Chile to address issues that may impact trade in agricultural while maintaining the rights of Parties to take measures necessary for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health. The chapter modernizes the existing bilateral SPS committee by addressing and seeking to resolve future SPS related issues and concerns that may have an impact on trade. The new chapter is intended to help ensure that market access gains for Canadians agricultural and agri-food, fish, seafood and forestry are not undermined by unnecessary or unjustified SPS-related trade restrictions.

Another new trade chapter is one that addresses tech-

nical barriers to trade. The new chapter builds on the World Trade Organization (WTO) TBT Agreement, which ensures that technical regulations, standards, and conformity assessment procedures such as product testing and certification do not create unnecessary obstacles to international trade.

As well, it includes an annex on organic products to help facilitate trade by encouraging continued work on the equivalence of organic certification systems.

Bilateral merchandise trade between Canada and Chile was valued at $2.9 billion in 2017, an almost fourfold increase since the original CCFTA entered into force in 1997. Between 2015 and 2017, on average, Chile was Canada’s third-largest trading partner in South and Central America.

In addition to the CCFTA, Canada and Chile are partners in the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. Canada and Chile are also both partners in the ongoing negotiations, launched in October 2017, toward a Canada-Pacific Alliance Free Trade Agreement.

The AgriPost

February 22, 2019

Stakeholders Discuss Value Creation and Enhanced Seed Variety Development

Simon Ellis of Ellis Seeds in Wawanesa said the implementation and funding availability that should have resulted from the 2015 International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants is discussed frequently on Twitter, Facebook and at other farm commodity conferences for some time.

By Harry Siemens Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) are conducting engagement sessions around “Value Creation” to discuss changes to the way new seed varieties of wheat, barley and other Canadian crops are developed in Canada until the end of April.

Tom Steve of the Alberta Wheat and Barley commissions confirmed that they recently held a conference call with AAFC’s program facilitators although no final decision has been made on End Point Royalties or Royalty Collection Enabled Via Contracts.

Simon Ellis of Ellis Seeds in Wawanesa explained why the discussion on Twitter, Facebook and at other farm commodity conferences is something the seed industry has talked about for some time.

Ellis said in 2015 the Federal government voted on the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants or UPOV which has an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

“From there, governments had special work groups, commissions and trade devel-

oping options to consider,” he said. “As a seed grower and farmer, the makeup of the new system concerned me.

Now they’ve come through with a couple of options, be it an End Point Royalty Option or a Trailing Royalty. From what I understood and looking at the two options, I think farmers and seed growers will benefit more, and the rest of the whole value chain, if we move to a Trailing Royalty System or Seed Variety Use Agreement I think is what they’re calling it now.”

Ellis said a Trailing Royalty began February 1, 2015.

Plant breeders could choose to place any of their varieties under this system. Anything before that date farmers can continue to use it. “Under the new system, a farmer would come in, buy certified seed. I would explain to them this variety falls under the Seed Variety Use Agreement. There’d be paperwork to sign, very similar to that of the Midge Tolerant Agreement,” he said. “They would pay, for the certified seed much like they do today. Pay it out and after harvest in the winter, they would decide to hold back ‘x’ amount of bushels for seeding next year.”

Ellis said the producer would declare the amount

to the Essential Declaration Agency, hold back the seed, and receive a bill after planting after confirming the amount of seed used. He explained that the rate is not yet determined and will be set by the breeder as they work towards an agreement.

While nothing is firm, he believes the dollar figure tossed around for what they are calling a Trailing Royalty, or the Seed Variety Use Fee could be in between $2 to $4 an acre for seed a farmer holds back for planting. The challenges are is that no one can say they are going to charge this much because of competition rules and a fair market.

Currently, most funding for seed and variety development comes from government bodies and some compensation from growers. The question arises does the seed industry, and farmers want more private money invested in this or go with the norm. “Exactly, and the challenge that we’re facing these days is, what is the norm?” asked Ellis. “The government is showing pretty clearly that they don’t want any further involvement. So, who’s going to be funding these breeders? That’s one of my biggest concerns right now because our research dollars are pretty small now.”

Seed grower Simon Ellis of Wawanesa is concerned that there are a fewer new seed varieties across Canada with about half of what were available 10 or 12 years ago due to lack of funding.

Ellis thinks there is an excellent advantage from one royalty method to another. “One of the best things about the Trailing Royalty System, and the End Point Royalty they fall into this, but with the onus on the breeders to come up with a variety that we need to grow,” he said. “As a seed grower, if a breeder comes up to me and says, ‘hey I have a wheat variety ‘x,’ it has a six-bushel an acre advantage over today’s current price.’ I’m going to take a tough look at that and say, okay. Well, I think my customers will like that. Then I’ll grow it and then it’s my job to sell it.

If there’s a royalty on it, there has to be enough value for my customers to adopt that variety, and if they don’t see that value, they’re not going to grow it. So that onus is on the breeders to give us enough value to go into this system. Otherwise, we’re going to stay with what we have today.”

Grain being swathed and evaluated.

The AgriPost

February 22, 2019

“Pinball” Clemons Understands the Importance of What Farmers Produce

CropConnect 2019 brought together an array of speakers, exhibitors and of course farmer-producers of the most vital commodity on this earth - food.

Held February 13 and 14 at the Victoria Inn Convention Centre an excellent venue with practical space, excellent acoustics, even better service and food, and abundant free parking in easy walking distance of the convention centre. The speakers and breakout sessions included great topics, great discussions and thoughtprovoking timely issues.

I’m one who doesn’t sit

through too much of programs like this, been there done that. So I pick and choose the ones I want to focus on and interview.

The first speaker, I decided to highlight and interview was Michael “Pinball” Clemons, a Canadian Football League legend and an icon of sporting excellence, community leadership, and personal integrity.

With boundless energy and moments of quiet introspection, he talks about teamwork and the potential each of us has to achieve anything we set our minds to.

Good-natured and unabashedly emotional, he shows you how to put your heart into everything you do.

Often at such meetings, I sat down in the auditorium away from the crowd and this time it was no exception. I picked up my buffet lunch, walked to the back corner and sat down by myself. Then, Bob Anderson, a farm and oat grower came to join me and perfectly fitting, he too has lost his wife so we can compare notes.

Then at 1 pm we hear this shriek and this image on the screen of Pinball and I’m thinking it is a rerun of his morning presentation at 9 am which I thought I had missed after arriving later to the conference - no such thing. With his flight delayed due to another eastern

winter storm, he came late and spoke at 1 pm.

For the next 50 minutes, ‘Pinball’ Clemons the second-winningest coach for the Toronto Argonauts had the farmers and other attendees on their feet at least four times, clapping, hooting and hollering about the most critical industry in the world, that of producing food. When finally finished, I sauntered to the front after dozens of pictures were taken of Pinball in action and shook his hand just after he sat down. You see, Pinball walks the talk and talks the walk. He may not know much about farming or agriculture for that matter, but he understands as well as anyone the importance of producing food.

He gave me a short interview, but it wasn’t the length neither the message that struck me, although it was great. When I turned on my iPhone recorder, Mr. Clemons put his hands on my shoulders one on either side, looked me in the eye and boldly but quietly answered my two questions.

It did two things, it showed his focus, and secondly, it showed that for those brief moments that interview with me mattered because it kept all the other reporters, wannabe questioners, and wellwishers at bay.

Harry: “Your message to

How Cold?

Lately it’s been so cold out that you have to open the fridge to heat the house.

But how cold is it really?

Some are questioning the way temperatures and wind chill are reported these days.

They say it’s just not accurate, and that a better way is available.

Once people talked about the weather in quaint ways, using expressions like “How many animals do you need to bring into the tent to stay warm tonight?” That’s where the phrase “three-dog night” originated, before it was the name of a popular 70’s rock band. The origin of the expression is a little unclear; some say it came from the Inuit, and others say it was the Australian aborigines.

The main kerfuffle right now pertains to “wind chill.”

There’s actually no measurement for it. It’s based on a calculation that over time has changed.

Up until 2001, meteorologists tried to figure out the rate at which a patch of exposed human skin loses energy, or cools. The “wind chill factor” was stated in watts per square metre, and given a rating from 900 to 2,600. So a wind chill factor of 1,200 meant you would be fine outside if you wore a hat, gloves and a coat. A rating of 1,800 meant schools would probably keep their students indoors for recess. And a 2,400 rating would mean that exposed human skin could freeze in a matter of minutes.

That was the system most of us grew up with and got to know. But the people in charge of such things came

farmers, you speak to a lot of audiences, you’ve hit a lot of guys, so what’s your main message to this crowd here today?”

Pinball: “My main message is the number of hits I took, the number of yards I ran, pale in comparison to their [meaning the farmers] commitment to community and what they do. They support families in a way that nothing else can. When you don’t have food, nothing else matters! So the diligence it takes on the farm, the discipline, day after day: There’s no such thing as a weekend and so on and so on, and indeed the example that they make as families I think is ... we think of it as an old trade or occupation, but it’s not that.

It is a way of life and maybe the best way of life on the planet.”

Harry: “So in your life, what’s your most important goal?”

Pinball: “Well, my most important goal is to love God and the way I manifest that by loving people and so it starts with my wife and my girls and then it moves on from there. So we do want to try to empower those who are marginalized, so young people who don’t have the opportunity, who are in foster care or a shelter or a marginalized community, so that’s what we think is valuable.”

“Pinball” Clemons the second-winningest coach for the Toronto Argonauts had the farmers and other attendees at CropConnect 2019 on their feet at least four times, clapping, hooting and hollering about the most critical industry in the world, that of producing food.

to the conclusion that we just didn’t understand what it was they were trying to tell us. So they changed the system. After 2001, wind chill was reported on a “feels like” basis – what the outside air would feel like to a person exposing some skin.

Fast forward to 2019. Now meteorologists are lamenting the fact that not everyone is connecting the dots when provided with this combination of temperature and wind.

Apparently some people might not realize they’re in a sheltered area where there’s little or no wind. Or what if, horror upon horror, someone plugs their car in at night when it’s only -8 but they heard its -20 because of the wind chill. Then there are the masochists who thump their chests at the rest of the country and say it’s -50 in Manitoba when really it’s only -30 with a strong wind. Obvious-

ly, these scoundrels have to be stopped from spreading Penner’s “fake news”.

Points What’s the solution? Some are proposing a hybrid of By Rolf both the old and the new sys- Penner tem. Drum roll please… the number of minutes it takes for human skin to freeze.

Maybe that’s five minutes, maybe it’s twenty minutes, or in an un-insulated shed; plug whatever the combination of it in or not? Maybe a “Stock wind and temperature gives up on ether and a new batus. tery” alert. Or turn on the Here’s a crazy thought. heat lamps and throw an exWhat if changing how this tra bale in with the cow that’s is done every few years just going to calve tonight. The adds to the confusion? Just possibilities are endless. when we figure out what At the end of the day, what it means to us and what we matters is the temperature should do, they change it. and the wind speed. Once Speaking about crazy, we know that, we can pretty how’s about a farmer friend- much figure out what we ly version? If a diesel trac- need to do and what we need tor’s parked outside, what to wear. Sure wind chill numsize of breaker should be on bers and guidelines are nice. the outlet it’s plugged into so But that’s like the sprinkles that it will it start? Or a 1998 on the icing that’s on the Chevy pickup truck parked (ice-cream) cake.

Photo by Harry Seimens

Mr. Michael “Pinball” Clemons put his hands on my shoulders, one on either side, looked me in the eye and boldly but quietly answered my questions, showing his focus and secondly showing for those brief moments that the interview with me mattered because it kept all the other reporters and questioners at bay.

Photo courtesy of Stan Wiebe.

The AgriPost

It’s About the Budget

The new Canada Food Guide was released last month. It suggests that we increase our consumption of legumes and find sources of protein other than cows. Much of the main stream media tried to make this into a story about the beef farmers of our country going into shock and fearing for their future.

The Canada Food Guide will have an impact on what and how

much people eat, but it is going to be a long slow process and budget will have a much greater impact than a government publication.

Dr. Elmer Stoebbe who passed away last month just about the same time as the guide was released. He would have laughed at the news stories.

Dr. Stoebbe has been called the Father of Conservation tillage and I remember a story he told me during one of his visits from his retirement home in British Columbia. “I had done the research much earlier and spent years on the meeting circuit talking to farmers about reducing tillage,” he said.

“When Roundup dropped from 30 to 8 bucks a litre, I became a

Record Coverage for 2019 AgriInsurance Program Manitoba farmers will see enhancements to coverage through AgriInsurance in the upcoming year.

“Our government understands the importance of stability and proactively managing risks that threaten the viability of the farm,” said Federal Agriculture Minister Lawrence MacAulay.

“These enhancements to AgriInsurance offer Manitoba farmers greater options to help them protect their operations against the financial impact of crop losses.”

Total AgriInsurance coverage for 2019 is expected to exceed $2.8 billion on 9.5 million acres in Manitoba, the highest level of coverage on record. With premium rates down by an average of more than seven per cent compared to last year, and dollar values up slightly, producers will receive more coverage for less premium in 2019.

“Flexible and affordable insurance for our farmers is critical to combat potential financial losses,” said Manitoba Agriculture Minister Ralph Eichler.

“These enhancements to AgriInsurance were made directly in response to our industry and producers’ needs.”

Program changes for the 2019 growing season include introduction of separate yield coverage for hybrid and open pollinated fall rye, which will ensure producers have coverage that is more reflective of the productive capacity of their fall rye crop; a higher dollar value for seed potatoes to account

for the higher cost of production and higher market value; the list of crops eligible for organic insurance will be expanded to include barley, field peas and hemp grain; dollar values for organic crops will increase due to an update in how the dollar values are determined and livestock and forage producers will benefit from a change in the way poor quality forages are adjusted for claim purposes, which will result in payments that better reflect actual losses due to low quality.

More than 8,000 farms are enrolled in AgriInsurance. Manitoba has the highest level of AgriInsurance participation in Canada with over 90 per cent of annual crop acres enrolled. The total governments’ share of AgriInsurance premium for 2019-20 is expected to be $125.07 million. AgriInsurance is provided for over 70 different annual crops and forages during establishment and production, as well as the inability to seed land in the spring due to wet conditions.

Under AgriInsurance, premiums for most programs are shared 40 per cent by participating producers, 36 per cent by the Government of Canada and 24 per cent by the Manitoba government.

Administrative expenses are paid 60 per cent by Canada and 40 per cent by Manitoba.

AgriInsurance is a risk management program administered by the Manitoba Agricultural Services Corporation (MASC). For more information about it and other programs, visit a MASC office or masc.mb.ca.

genius.” He maintained he had preached the gospel of reduced tillage for years but when fellows could not afford chemical summer fallow they started to practice what he preached and he became the Father of Conservation Tillage.

Stoebbe was a good researcher but above all a practical man and he knew that budget determined a lot of things on the farm. That can be expanded past the farm gate and to the grocery store. People vote with their dollars.

I was in England when Mad Cow disease hit in 1995, suddenly beef was dangerous to everyone’s health, but when it was discounted to about 1/3 of what the retail price had been people were willing to take a chance and the store shelves were empty because people bought beef. Yes, apparently it was not as dangerous at the lower price.

The Canada Food Guide says what my doctor has been telling me for years and I listened but when I was diagnosed with a case of gout; I started to change my beef consumption patterns, not before.

The Canada Food Guide will not spell the end of the beef or the dairy industry nor will it provide a boom to pulse growers, people are used to eating what they eat and can afford.

I for one cannot wait for the spring to fire up the grill and cook a few cheese burgers for the neighbours and myself, and I know I will have more than one a week.

February 22, 2019

February 22, 2019

Pricing and Moisture Crucial for Spring Seeding

By Elmer Heinrichs Expected prices, input costs, delivery opportunities and moisture conditions are expected to play a crucial role in determining actual seeding decisions in the spring.

However, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, in its February 2018 outlook, predicts that the area seeded to field crops in Canada will increase slightly compared to the last crop year. This is partly because of reduced slough areas resulting from last year’s drought conditions in the southern Prairies. The area seeded to grains and oilseeds is expected to increase slightly, while the total area seeded to pulses and special crops drops significantly.

In general, average yields are forecast to decrease marginally compared to 2017-18 but, for some crops, average yields are expected to increase because excessive moisture conditions in some areas reduced yields last year.

The production of grains and oilseeds is forecast to increase by two per cent while the output of pulses and special crops is expected to decrease by 20 per cent. Total field crop production is expected to increase slightly to 93.3 metric tonnes (Mt).

For 2018 Canadian seeded canola area is forecast to increase to 9.7 million hectares (Mha) this spring because few other crops hold out the promise of the margins that the oilseed can provide.

Due to attractive returns in comparison to alternate crops, soybean planted area this spring is expected to rise by two per cent to a record 3.0 Mha. Last year Canadian farmers increased the production of canola, soybeans, oats and corn but decreased the output of wheat and barley.

In general, world grain prices are expected to be pressured by abundant world grain supplies but a lower Canadian dollar will support the value of crops on the world market.

The AgriPost

A Solid Marketing Plan Sells Grain

By Harry Siemens One of the many exhibitors at CropConnect held from February 13 and 14 in Winnipeg was John Duvenaud, a farmer who also provides farm commodity news, market information and advice 40 times a year direct to farmers.

In a recent issue of Wild Oats, Duvenaud said farmers are like gold miners. The big trick is production, but a critical part is converting the gold, or grain, into cash. The job is completed when the grain is sold. “It’s easy, as a farmer, to get an abnormal attachment to your grain. Grain in the bin, not in the field is a solid asset,” said Duvenaud. “Some farmers like to have a year’s supply of grain on hand at all times. Realistically, of course, that rarely happens.”

Years ago, Duvenaud ran Agriculture Canada’s livestock market information service in Ottawa, ON before taking over the farm, near Sperling, MB. “I went from Ottawa, the centre of a network of market information, out to Sperling.

We were doing maybe a quarter million dollars on the farm at that time, which is nothing now, but a big deal at the time. And there’s no market information available to us,”

said Duvenaud.

He ended up buying a struggling newsletter with a few paying subscribers. “I bought it and relaunched it as Wild Oats, and I only had maybe 20 subscribers, but they were paying subscribers and I had to put out a newsletter. Well, I got the first one out and then the second one, and it just carried on,” said Duvenaud.

Next, he explained how farmers that subscribe to the service or anybody else benefit from the newsletter. “Well, actually, what I’m doing, it’s no huge wonderful insights, that’s for sure. But I do a lot of their homework for them like following the news wires, talking to buyers, talking to other farmers all week long,” Duvenaud said. “There’s a lot of stuff going on in the grain market in the world. Most of it is noise, it doesn’t matter, except for a few minutes, but I take it and I boil that down to one page of news, the facts that happened this week that you should know. One page, you have time to read it. So, that’s part of it.”

The other part to his newsletter is the marketing plan he creates for every crop grown on the prairies, such as wheat, oats, barley, canola, flax, oats and soybeans. “Again, no spe-

John Duvenaud publishes a commodity and marketing subscription based newsletter for farmers called Wild Oats. Photo by Harry Siemens

cial magic, but I sometimes pre-price, but only if there’s a good reason to pre-price. But I always start selling when the combines start running and you got to sell grain,” he said. “Growing it is not the job. Farming is the job, which means growing and selling.

I sell in 20 per cent increments throughout the year. I try to sell it at times when I think are advantageous to the farmer. I keep back at least 20 per cent until the new crop is growing, and I always finish sales within the crop year.”

Duvenaud said it is a nice, simple, straightforward, low-risk plan catching the odd high, which is good. He added that if a farmer could

follow that pattern then it is a sensible marketing program.

The third piece of information that Duvenaud provides is when he does makes a sale; he explains why the sale was made at that time. “This is how the market is unfolding right now. This is what buyers are doing, this is how the movement of the crop is so that a farmer can feel comfortable,” he said. “The farmer can understand why he’s selling a crop right now. He can explain to his buddy why he’s making a sale right now, and he can feel good about it.”

Duvenaud also provides a detailed pricing report for every crop including grains.

The AgriPost

On-Farm Beef Verification Program Expanded The Canadian and Manitoba governments are providing $350,000 over five years to the Manitoba Beef Producers (MBP) to deliver the Verified Beef Production Plus (VBP+) program.

“Our government is proud to support the Manitoba Beef Producers in their efforts to meet the highest industry standards and adopt responsible and sustainable practices,” said Federal Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lawrence MacAulay. “This investment will help the beef sector continue to meet consumer demands for high-quality food while maintaining trust and confidence in Canada’s worldclass production standards.”

The VBP program is a national program that helps producers meet industry standards for food safety.

In 2016, VBP expanded to include modules for animal care, biosecurity and environmental stewardship and

is now called VBP+.

“More and more companies are making commitments to purchasing beef from sustainable sources,” said Manitoba Agriculture Minister Ralph Eichler. “The VBP+ program will ensure that processors and consumers who demand a high-quality product can be confident in the product they are purchasing.”

The VBP+ program includes a full suite of resources and training designed to establish a common platform to help producers meet marketplace and societal expectations.

The Manitoba Beef Producers will deliver VBP+ workshops to train beef producers about the program, coordinate the required on farm audits and transition producers from VBP to VBP+.

“Verified Beef Production Plus is a transparent and comprehensive way to show consumers that our producers care about how we treat the environment, how we

treat our livestock and that we take care to produce the highest-quality of beef,” said Tom Teichroeb, President, Manitoba Beef Producers.

“Public trust is important to beef producers and we are happy to have both the federal and provincial government as partners as we encourage more of our producers to have their good practices recognized by this program.”

More information about Ag Action Manitoba is available at manitoba.ca/agriculture under Canadian Agricultural Partnership, by calling toll free 1-844-769-6224 or emailing agaction@gov. mb.ca. Manitobans can also sign up for a digital newsletter at gov.mb.ca/agriculture/ online-resources/signup-forgrowing-manitoba-ag.html or follow Manitoba Agriculture’s Twitter channel at twitter.com/MBGovAg for more information about Ag Action Manitoba.

Herbicide Resistance Genetic Tools for Zero Tolerance Weeds growing in vegetable crops cause tens of millions of dollars in losses every year in Canada. Since the 1980s, a significant increase in herbicide resistance has been observed around the world. Herbicide resistance is the inherited ability of a weed plant to survive and reproduce after herbicide treatment. The scale of the problem is closely linked to the repeated use of the same herbicide or a group of related herbicides.

In 2015, 65 cases of resistance were identified in Canada. Owing to increased awareness and vigilance on the part of agricultural producers, the number of cases increased to 117 Canada wide in 2018. Prevention is the key to managing resistance and minimizing damage.

Agricultural advisors can provide valuable guidance for deciding what measures to take to reduce the potential for the development of herbicide-resistant weeds.

Producers can implement various strategies such as destroying weeds before they set seed, rotating herbicides between herbicide groups, and using cover crops and green manures. By watching for signs of herbicide resistance, they can act quickly to halt the spread of resistant plants. If resistant weeds be-

come established in fields, crop yields will be affected significantly.

There is good news for vegetable producers. A new leading-edge genetic method developed by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) is now available to help producers quickly detect resistance.

When preventive approaches fall short, a zero-tolerance policy should be adopted.

Every resistant weed plant that is not destroyed will add seeds to the soil seed bank, thereby compounding the problem of resistance. After three or four years, the entire field will be populated with herbicide-resistant weeds and yields will be severely reduced.

So that producers can detect plants with resistance genes more rapidly, Martin Laforest, weed science researcher, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, has carried out extensive research on the phenomenon of herbicide resistance. By discovering genetic mutations linked to resistance, Laforest was able to develop a set of molecular tests that can be used to identify herbicide-resistant plants much faster than with conventional methods.

“With just a few fresh leaves from a weed plant, a technician can determine

whether resistance genes are present in less than two weeks. Producers will benefit from this new detection method. It will help to slow the development of herbicide resistance and support the implementation of strategies for managing this problem quickly and limiting its economic impact,” explained Laforest.

Wide adoption of this genetic technology would help to greatly limit the negative economic impact of the spread of herbicide-resistant weeds. It is important for all stakeholders in the horticulture sector to join in the efforts to prevent and combat herbicide resistance. Early detection using the molecular markers developed by AAFC is an approach that will be shared across Canada in the medium term.

The discovery of genetic mutations associated with herbicide resistance made it possible to develop molecular tests that are much more rapid than conventional methods for detecting plants that have developed resistance to herbicides.

These tests will help to slow the development of resistance, ensure that management strategies are implemented faster and limit the economic impact of herbicide resistance.

February 22, 2019

February 22, 2019

Producers Embrace Technology But Want Control Over Data Farmers are cautious when it comes to sharing their data, but that doesn’t mean they don’t appreciate the potential for agriculture information technology to improve their farm operations, according to a recent Farm Credit Canada (FCC) survey.

The FCC Vision Panel survey shows 25% of the more than 2,000 Canadian farmers questioned have become less comfortable sharing data with outside organizations such as suppliers over the past two years, while 58 % say their comfort level hasn’t changed.

Seventy-one per cent of those surveyed said data treatment is “very” or “extremely” important when selecting an agriculture technology provider.

“There is no doubt that privacy protection and control over where and how farm data is used is a top-of-mind issue for a majority of producers,” said Fred Wall, FCC marketing vice-president. “At the same time, most see the benefits of using technology to improve their operations, reduce paperwork and help them make better decisions in a growing and dynamic industry.”

In fact, 69 % of those surveyed believe technology can increase efficiency, lower costs and result in better yields, while 65 % believe it can improve management control and decision making.

In 2018, FCC AgExpert became the first agriculture software in Canada to receive the Ag Data Transparent (ADT) seal for its commitment to safeguarding farmers’ data. The not-for-profit company’s North American certification standard means FCC has taken steps to ensure farm data inputted into its new web-based software package is secure, so customers can enjoy the benefits without the worries.

Last year, FCC launched AgExpert Field, which enables producers to record, share and analyze field data, such as inputs, yields and field conditions right from their mobile phone. FCC also just launched a web-based version of its farm financial software, AgExpert Accounting.

FCC AgExpert software suite has been certified by ADT for adhering to industry-wide principles, including transparency in data collection, access, use, portability, availability and retention.

“Our survey shows data transparency is top of mind for our customers and it’s a priority for us,” Wall said. “This certification tells producers exactly how we handle their data, what we do with it and who has access to it.”

“We encourage our customers to tap into new technology and we encourage them to be well informed as to how their data is being handled by their technology partners,” he said. “Our software certification demonstrates our commitment to safeguarding customer data and ensures they control who sees or uses their data.”

FCC Vision Panel members share their ideas and opinions about Canadian agriculture and how FCC can serve this exciting industry. You do not need to be an FCC customer to join; members come from all facets of agriculture. If you are interested in joining or want to learn more visit fccvision.ca.

The AgriPost

An Integrated Approach to Manage Resistance

By Les Kletke Pest resistance is a problem for everyone. Resistance does not develop by a single act and it may take an integrated approach to control or avoid developing greater resistance.

Three speakers at Manitoba Ag Days took an integrated approach to their presentation and the discussion of resistance management whether it is weeds, insects or disease pests.

Tammy Jones is a Weed Specialist who understands the development of resistance. “Resistance is passed down hereditarily and then pesticide application is no longer enough,” she said.

“We need to start layering applications and think about the environment. Wet or dry conditions can impact the effect of an herbicide.”

She used the example of glyphosate and how effective it was, but suggests that producers work with a rotation of herbicides in order to keep glyphosate in their tool box. “We need an integrated approach using products that have a different mode of action and attack different parts of the plant,” said Jones. “Rotation is not enough we need multiple modes of action on difficult weeds.”

According to Jones weed control plans should include some pre-seed application and in crop application with a different product. She noted that this method is more effective to control resistance than an in-tank mix. “I know that tank mixes are convenient but they may include products with the same mode of action or that attack the same points on the plant. That is something

to consider when designing a weed control program.”

Jones also outlined how plants may adapt to a certain mode of action or place of attack and may heal and develop to become a resistant plant. She said there is no magic answer. “You have to be aware of the conditions and the characteristics of the plant,” she said. “You have to be vigilant to change your mode of attack before a resistance problem develops. That is easier than trying to fix a problem.”

John Gavloski is an entomologist with Manitoba Agriculture and agrees that the battle with resistance is ongoing. Gavloski said there are many kinds of insects and they are evolving. He recommended not to over spray for insects like the soybean aphid and that over spraying might lead to a resistance problem.

He added that there are a few insects that have resistance to a specific pesticide and over spraying amounts to a selective breeding program that increases the portion of those resistant insects in the population. “The pests change over time and insects that have a short life cycle and therefore many life cycles in a season can change more quickly,” said Gavloski.

His advice is to pay attention to economic thresholds rather than just adopting a policy of spraying by the calendar.

He strayed from crop pests to use the example of ear tags for control of insect pests on cattle. “Ear tags provide good control but it is not even over the entire animal,” he said.

“We get good control over the head but there are insects that are attracted to the belly.

We don’t get good control there and insects develop resistance.”

Another example he used was the use of highly toxic Phostoxin to control the Rusty Grain beetle. “It developed resistance but we were fortunate to use cold weather as a control measure. They do not have that advantage all over the world,” he said.

“Frequency of use is always a factor when it comes to resistance and we have to be aware of how often we use a product to keep it effective.”

He also stressed the number pests that are attacking a crop and how they may appear the same. “There are 72 species of flea beetles,” he said.

“Each one is slightly different but for the farmer who is concerned about his canola that does not make a difference.”

Gavloski is an advocate of a healthy population of good

bugs and advises against indiscriminate spraying of insecticide that may impact a useful insect population.

Holly Derksen is a Technical Support Specialist with Aryta LifeScience and addressed the issue of disease problems in crops. “We have to be aware of the impact of some control measures on crops and what that can do to other aspects of the crop,” she said. “We have different resistance building up at single site or multiple sites and they require different control measures. It is important to be aware of the way the system develops to take the steps to avoid it.”

In conclusion the three agreed that a good plan to control developed resistance should take an integrated approach and is mostly likely more effective.

The three person panel also agreed the first step is to understand how resistance develops to aid in the development of a strategy. The strategy, regardless of the host or the problem should included varying the control measures used to slow the development of resistance and it is critical that any one control measure is not overused to be effective over the long term.

At Manitoba Ag Days, Tammy Jones (left), a Manitoba Weed Specialist; John Gavloski, Entomologist with Manitoba Agriculture (centre); and Holly Derksen, Technical Support Specialist with Aryta LifeScience (right) agreed that to combat resistance the strategy needs to be integrated.

Photos by Les Kletke

Peas and Lentils No Longer Exempt from Variety Registration Requirements The Canadian Grain Commission is updating the way peas and lentils are graded to ensure that Canada continues to provide buyers with a superior product. Effective August 1, 2019, only registered varieties of peas and lentils will be eligible for No. 1 Canada, the

highest grade available for Canadian crops.

In previous years, the Canadian Grain Commission exempted peas and lentils from variety registration requirements to allow produc-

ers to take advantage of new varieties that were not yet registered. The majority of the peas and lentils grown in Canada have now completed the variety registration process and exemption is no

longer necessary.

By growing registered varieties, farmers ensure that Canada maintains a competitive advantage by producing high quality crops with consistent end-use properties.

The AgriPost

February 22, 2019

The Dust Bowl Could Happen Again

By Les Kletke Most farmers would tell you that a repeat of the 1930s dust bowl could not happen again. With soil conservation changes such as low impact tillage many people would say there is little chance of a repeat of the damage done by long term drought and wind storms.

Daryl Ritchison begs to differ. Ritchison with the North Dakota Ag Weather Network was a speaker at Ag Days in January sharing the stories of people who lived through the Dust Bowl and paired them with photographs from that period. The voices of people and their childhood pictures show what it was like, leaving a haunting impact especially with his narrative interwoven.

He also added a few modern pictures, one of a dirt storm

and his photos taken on a trip to Brandon. Ritchison said the tumbleweeds referred to in many of the stories from the 1930s were Kochia and Russian Thistle weeds that are still common across the western great plains.

He did acknowledge that crop practices have changed especially in tillage. “Some information that describes the use of the disc at that time is frightening today,” he said.

“There are those that call it the implement that brought solid degradation to the great plans.”

The disc allowed farmers to break up soil clods and leave the soil fine which was excellent for seed bed preparation but also opened it up to wind erosion when there was no plant coverage. Fine particles of soil became erosive forces with the wind and

continued to exasperate the problem as winds continued across the parities.

Ritchison pointed out that the dust bowl was 80 years ago but then added a series of photos from 1975 which showed some of the same conditions and the potential for an even worse problem.

While his presentation was delivered in an entertaining manner it carried a serious message and when he included the aspect of grasshoppers, he had everyone’s attention. “Remember this is a time when we shoveled poison off the back of trucks and the clouds of grasshoppers where so thick when mixed with the dust, they blocked out the sun.”

“Nothing tops what happened in the 1930s but the potential for high temperatures and drought contin-

Daryl Ritchison with the North Dakota Ag Weather Network was a speaker at Ag Days in January sharing the stories of people who lived through the Dust Bowl.

Photo by Les Kletke

ues,” he said. “We have to be aware of the potential the practices we engage on our farms.”

At Harvest Take a Couple of Hours to Test a Field

By Les Kletke At a January Ag Days, keynote speaker Greg Bartley asks if you can afford not to do some farm testing.

According to Bartley a couple of hours spent on field trials could provide information that will make money saving decisions in the future.

Bartley is the On-Farm Specialist with Manitoba Pulse and Soybean Growers and said that while there is many third-party data available it is not as valuable as the information you gain on your farm.

He suggested that splitting a field into areas to test or leaving a check strip in one area although may provide an indication of the value of your field practices the method is not as accurate as a full field

test. Bartley said there are many factors that can affect a single test and a check strip on the side of a field just does not take into account the conditions that may be at play throughout the field.

One factor is topography and in years of extreme moisture or lack of even a small difference in elevation can mean a great difference in yield. “Plant stand is also important,” he said. “You need to have a good plant stand and consistent measuring of the impact on yield,” said Bartley. “Keep your testing simple. Only one or two things. If you get too many variables involved it will drive you crazy and you will not have relievable results at any rebate.”

“If you split your field you

are testing your field not the product,” he said. “There are too many variables and you can’t determine what had the effect.”

He said there has to be some practicality in the testing and he knows that harvest is a busy time or that farmers are not researchers. “It is important to have only one combine do the test on a field, there is too much variability from one machine to the next for what you are trying to test,” added Bartley. “I know this may seem very time consuming at harvest but the information you get, can be used for several years and the long term return more than makes up for the 2-3 hours spent at harvest.”

He suggested that to make data even more reliable is by

Bartley is the On-Farm Specialist with Manitoba Pulse and Soybean Growers and said that while there is many third-party data available it is not as valuable as the information you gain on your farm.

Photo by Les Kletke

comparing it to a neighbour who is testing the same product. “Remember it is precision agriculture. The data and the decisions you make are only as good as the data that goes in.”

MBP Co-hosts Prairie Conservation and Endangered Species Conference Manitoba Beef Producers are pleased to be co-hosting the 2019 Prairie Conservation and Endangered Species Conference at the Victoria Inn in Winnipeg from February 19 - 21. The conference, held once every three years, has the theme, Working Landscapes and brings landowners, cattle producers, scientists, consultants, educators and nature enthusiasts together to talk about ways the environment, wildlife and working farms

are linked in the preservation of biodiversity across the prairie grasslands.

“We are proud to partner with Manitoba Sustainable Development and many other groups to highlight the importance of grasslands to the prairies and the role those ecosystems play in the preservation of biodiversity and the environment,” Manitoba Beef Producers General Manager Brian Lemon said. “Beef producers play a significant role

in saving grassland habitat from being lost. The grazing now done by cattle was once the domain of the buffalo that roamed the tallgrass and shortgrass prairies, and it is this grazing which enables many plant and wildlife species to exist.”

Lemon added if today’s cattle production was not preserving grasslands, overgrowth or other crop production would take place there instead. That would result in the loss of habitat for

endangered birds and other wildlife. Grassland preservation also reduces greenhouse gas emissions, those lands act as a carbon sink, as well as a means to mitigate floods through water retention, and ensure the water reaching lakes and rivers is cleaner.

“Everybody can win if we all work together to preserve these important ecosystems,” Lemon said.

For the full conference program visit pcesc.ca.

New Immigration Pilot Program Aims to Reduce Labour Shortage on Farms The Government of Canada is launching a new 5year pilot program aimed at attracting and retaining skilled immigrants in Canada’s rural and northern communities called the Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot.

The Canadian Federation of Agriculture (CFA), which represents 200,000 farmers and their families across the country, applauds this initiative and the potential it holds to assist the Canadian agriculture sector in beginning to address the sector’s chronic labour shortage.

CFA has specifically communicated to government officials the critical importance of increasing pathways to permanent residency for farm workers and other rural occupations since 2014. In 2014 alone, Canada’s primary agriculture sector faced $1.5 billion in lost sales as a result of 59,000 job vacancies in primary agriculture alone. This figure is expected to nearly double by 2025.

“In order for the Canadian agricultural industry to meet its immense potential and to grow as a globally competitive industry, which benefits all Canadians, the agricultural industry requires access to a robust, skilled labor force across our rural communities to sustain our industry and allow it to flourish,” said Ron Bonnett, President of the CFA. CFA looks forward to working with its membership to identify those communities where agricultural employers can come together with community associations and other employers to leverage the opportunities this pilot presents.

“Our goal would be to see agricultural employers work with leaders in their community to take advantage of this opportunity to address the permanent, year-round vacancies they face on a long-term basis, while contributing to the vibrancy and prosperity of rural Canada, which continues to evolve alongside their businesses,” said Bonnett.

Canadian farmers across this country believe this pilot demonstrates a clear recognition of the economic importance of rural Canada and the enabling role that immigration can play in leveraging its immense potential for inclusive growth and prosperity, through key sectors like Canadian agriculture.

To participate in the Pilot Program certain criteria must be met. The population of the community must be 50,000 people or less and be located at least 75 km from the core of a Census Metropolitan Area or up to 200,000 people and be considered remote from other larger cities (using Statistics Canada’s index of remoteness).

In addition there must be job opportunities, have an economic development plan, have a local economic development organization that can manage the pilot for your community, be able to settle new immigrants in the community by having or developing relationships with local or regional immigrantserving organizations opportunities to connect newcomers with established members of the community, such as through mentoring or networking, access to key services like education, housing, transportation and health care.

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February 22, 2019

The AgriPost

The AgriPost

Trade Dominates 2018

In looking at 2018, Canadian agri-food exporters saw significant improvements over the course of the year towards improved market access in key international markets.

These improvements are designed to retain access to important existing trade partners, such as Japan, as well as acquiring access to several new, emerging export markets. Market access and free trade agreements (FTAs) remain critical to achieving the Government of Canada’s goal of $75 billion in agrifood exports by 2025.

The completion of a major FTA was the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP). There were serious concerns at the beginning of 2018 that Canada would not be part of the new Pacific trade agreement.

As a response, the Canadian Agri-Food Trade Alliance (CAFTA) undertook intensive efforts throughout the year to raise awareness of the monumental importance of the CPTPP to Canadian agrifood exporters. Such efforts included letters, statements, presentations before parliamentary committees, press conferences, and numerous meetings between CAFTA and its members with Members of Parliament and Senators.

One of the key messages was the potential economic disaster of losing competitive access to the critical Japanese market and missing out on the opportunity to gain entry to Malaysia and Vietnam. Failure of Canada to join the pact would have put billions of dollars in agrifood exports at risk at a time when Canada’s agri-food sector needed, and continues to need, stability and access to new markets.

January 23 will be a day to remember as it was announced in Tokyo, Japan, that all 11 countries, including Canada, had successfully concluded an agreement for the CPTPP. The partnership included all tariff reductions

and goods market access of the original TPP agreement, which included the United States. The CPTPP, which came about after the US withdrew from the TPP in early 2017, now provides Canada with important advantages over the US, a top Canadian agri-food export competitor, in key agri-food export markets.

Given the concerns with which the year began, CAFTA and its members were extremely pleased when the Parliament of Canada swiftly passed legislation to ratify the CPTPP, which allowed Canada to become the fifth country to ratify the agreement on October 29, 2018. Canada was followed two days later by Australia, enabling the CPTPP to come into force on December 30, 2018.

CAFTA estimates that the CPTPP, when fully implemented, will result in an increase in Canadian agri-food exports of up to $2 billion.

The Canada–United States– Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) was also completed in 2018. CAFTA and member representatives attended each round of NAFTA modernization talks. Advocacy efforts included roundtables, news conferences, and promotional events organized by industry of all three countries to highlight the agreement’s benefits for agri-food exporters.

After more than a year of negotiations, an agreement was announced September 30, 2018. CAFTA was very pleased that the CUSMA will continue the tariff-free access which existed under NAFTA, in addition to other important provisions of the original agreement. In particular, the new agreement retains the Chapter 19 dispute settlement mechanism.

In November 2018, Finance Minister Bill Morneau and International Trade Diversification Minister Jim Carr travelled to China to co-chair the Canada–China Economic and Financial Strategic Dialogue. At the meeting, representatives agreed to double

agricultural trade by 2025 and maintain exploration of a potential comprehensive trade agreement in the future.

CAFTA has long advocated for an FTA with China, highlighted by Chasing China: A Policy Paper on Expanding Canada’s Agriculture and Agri-Food Exports to China.

Although negotiations were not launched for an FTA, CAFTA supports efforts to progress the economic and trade relationship between Canada and China. China is one of the largest international markets for agri-food products. In 2017, Canada exported more than $7 billion in agri-food products to China, which was a 20 per cent increase over 2016.

China is a critical market for Canada to achieve the Federal government’s goal of $75 billion in agri-food exports by 2025.

As CAFTA President Brian Innes stated, “It’s hard to see how we can achieve this goal without eliminating the tariffs and other barriers facing our exports to China.”

World Trade Organization (WTO) Reform Initiative on the international rules and agreements underpin the global trading system, which is why agri-food exporters have a major interest in the long-term health of the organization. The WTO is the basis for achieving levels of fairness and predictability that are required to build confidence in support of international trade.

With this in mind, Minister of International Trade Diversification Jim Carr hosted a meeting of 12 WTO members at the Ottawa Ministerial on WTO Reform in October 2018. Those who joined Canada at the meeting included Australia, Brazil, Chile, the EU, Japan, Kenya, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, and Switzerland.

Three primary themes of the meeting were actions to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the WTO, safeguarding and strengthen-

ing dispute settlement systems, and re-invigorating the WTO’s negotiating function.

Canada–EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) CETA has been provisionally applied since September 2017, eliminating immediately 94 per cent of EU agricultural import tariffs. However, significant barriers remain to realize its full potential for export growth.

CAFTA played a very active role in CETA negotiations by being present at rounds to liaise with public and private sector stakeholders in the European Union consult on agri-food exports and supported ratification of the deal in Canada at both provincial and federal levels in Canada.

CAFTA remains supportive of CETA but is disappointed with the emergence of technical constraints, which is taking considerable time to be addressed. In addition, CAFTA is very concerned about the surprising lack of EU control over protectionist measures in Italy, where new non-tariff trade barriers have been implemented to show country-of-origin-labeling on durum wheat.

Many in Canada’s agrifood export value chain fear this will continue to depress exports to Italy. In the 2017/18 crop year, for most of which CETA was in effect, Canada’s exports of durum wheat to Italy fell to just over one-third of what they had averaged over the previous five years.

Canada’s new Export Diversification Strategy that the Government of Canada announced in November 2018 as part of the Fall Economic Statement seeks to make Canada the world’s most globally connected economy.

It specifically allocates $25 million to enhance federal capacity to address situations constraining Canadian agrifood exports. CAFTA welcomes the initiative and the strategy to support exporters seeking to take advantage of FTAs and new markets.

Amendments to Canada-Israel Free Trade Deal Passes

For 2019 trade diversification continues to be a government priority with the passing of Bill C-85, which amends the CanadaIsrael Free Trade Agreement (CIFTA) Implementation Act. Passed on February 8 the legislation updates the 22-year-old deal.

In particular, the modern-

ized CIFTA will eliminate or reduce tariffs on agri-food products, reduce technical barriers, and reduce transaction costs. Once enforced, close to 100% of all current Canadian agriculture, agrifood and seafood exports to Israel will benefit from some form of preferential tariff treatment, up from the cur-

rent level of 90%.

As part of the modernized CIFTA, updates were made to four existing chapters that include dispute settlement, institutional provisions, market access for goods and rules of origin. As well, seven new chapters were added that deal with new and ongoing trade elements and

issues under e-commerce, intellectual property, labour, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, technical barriers to trade, the environment and trade facilitation.

Two-way trade between Canada and Israel has tripled since the deal was implemented in 1997, reaching $1.7 billion last year.

February 22, 2019

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Friends with Trade Benefits Canadians and Italians like each other. Italian culture has formed a deep part of the Canadian fabric and Canadians buy hundreds of millions of dollars of goods from Italy every year. However, there have been some hiccups recently in the trade relationship between Canada and Italy, highlighted by the protectionist measures being used to block Canadian durum exports.

I often think that the few times when differences between our countries arise, governments should just get out of the way and let ordinary people resolve the issue.

Canadian and Italian farmers met face-to-face this past December in Altamura when a team from Canada’s durum wheat value chain came to Italy to talk about the high quality of the 2018 crop. Italian farmers had the opportunity to directly interact with Saskatchewan farmer, Scott Hepworth, who was a key part of the delegation.

And guess what? Farmers in Canada and Italy have much more in common than differences. Those in attendance in Altamura saw that the quality of Canadian durum is the highest it has ever been. To quote Mr. Hepworth, “This is the most beautiful durum we have ever grown.”

Farmers, from both Italy and Canada saw that by working together Italian pasta producers can make the highest quality pasta in the world, using durum from both Canadian and Italian farms. This was a great example of the positive dialog that happens when farmers from different countries meet face-to-face, rather than trying to talk through lobbyists and special interest groups that have their own agenda.

Italy and Canada are friends who benefit from increased bilateral trade. Since the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) came into effect in September of 2017, trade between Canada and Italy has increased by almost fourteen percent. Italian exports to Canada have increased by over eleven percent. All parts of the Italian economy, including farmers, are benefiting from trade with Canada.

Yet during the same time we have seen access to the Italian market for some key Canadian products become restricted. Exports of durum wheat, the primary Canadian agricultural export to Italy, has fallen by over sixty percent since CETA has come into effect. This is a result of protectionist country of origin labelling regulations in Italy and an active social media campaign disparaging of the quality of Canadian durum production. These attacks have come from special interest groups who are focused on protectionism and not healthy two-way trade.

Both Canada and Italy benefit from trade and commerce that is based on sound science. How do consumers differentiate between science facts and the latest meme on the internet? We depend on science-based regulations from the European Food Safety Authority and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Italian consumers can be confident that Canadian exports, which meet the strict regulatory requirements for importation into Italy, are safe to enjoy with family and friends. Conversely, farmers in Italy know that their high-quality food products, such as Parmigiano Reggiano or Parma Ham will be accepted by Canadian consumers because of regulations that are based on sound science and not influenced by politics or the latest internet trend.

I am confident that open dialog between the people of our two great countries can resolve any differences that arise. Farmers from Italy and Canada have recently shown this to be true. Canada and Italy have both prospered economically and culturally because of the friendship between us. It is in the national interest of both countries that this relationship continues to grow and flourish.

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February 22, 2019

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18

February 22, 2019 Cruisin’ for Deals

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Your Buying Guide

Current Until March 29, 2019

Backsetting Method Revisited

In 2018, the Manitoba Agricultural Museum put out a press release on the backsetting method of breaking virgin sod. A reader of Museum press releases, Mr Bollman, contacted the Museum to inform the Museum that there is more information on backsetting in the book “Profitable Grain Growing” written in 1919 by Seager Wheeler, a noted agronomist and grain grower of the time.

Seager Wheeler immigrated to Canada in 1885 and in 1890 took up a homestead near Rosthern, Saskatchewan. He became knowledgeable about dry land farming and continued to expand this knowledge through observation and experimentation throughout his long farming career. His book “Profitable Grain Growing” became a best-selling study of dry-land farming and remains a comprehensive discussion of 1919 western Canadian agricultural practices.

The Museum’s Interpretation Committee searched for and found a copy of the book in a Winnipeg used book store.

The book lays out the backsetting process as first plowing the virgin sod shallow, about 1 1/2 to 2 inches deep with the plowing being carried out as thoroughly as possible with no misses or skips. If a skip occurred,

then the plow man should immediately turn around and re-plow the missed area.

Wheeler recognized that it is difficult to plow shallow and suggested that in uneven ground where the plow is likely to skip over depressions or go deep on knolls, it may be advisable to go a little deeper than 1 1/2 to 2 inches. Wheeler suggested that it was important to turn the sod over so that it laid flat. This would result in the sod maintaining contact with the soil below to maintain capillary action and continue the movement of moisture from further below in the soil.

Packing of the breaking should then be carried out soon after plowing in order to rot the turned under sod. As soon as the sod is sufficiently rotted, the field should be re-plowed to a depth of 6 inches. The field then should be disced, plank dragged and then harrowed or cultivated as soon as possible.

The re-plowing and discing needed to be carried out in the same direction as the original plowing. While some people carried out the discing diagonally across the plowing, Wheeler did not advise this as the disc may cut the sod into squares or turn the sods over which resulted in the vegetation drying out and not

rotting. The aim of these operations was to produce 2 inches of mellow soil on the surface. If the field was properly plank dragged the surface was fairly level as well.

Wheeler also discussed breaking virgin prairie sod by a single pass of the plow to a depth of approximately 6 inches deep. Even in a single pass operation, further field operations such as discing, plank dragging and harrowing were necessary to produce an adequate seed bed.

He recognized that a single plow breaking operation was more economical than backsetting however a single plowing could result in problems later on in that the turned under vegetation may not sufficiently rot and decompose, particularly if the field was immediately sown and the resulting crop took up most of the soil moisture.

In this case when the field was plowed the following spring to prepare it for a crop, the plow turned up the buried vegetation which would then pose problems to seeding the crop. As well, the vegetation may result in a loose soil surface which may result in the soil drying out which would be a detriment to a developing crop.

Wheeler appears to be of the opinion that backsetting in the long run

was a better way to break virgin sod particularly if the first plowing took place in the spring or early summer when there was generous soil moisture. If one examined the turned down vegetation in July, one would find that the vegetation would be well rotted as a result of the soil moisture.

Agronomists now know that decomposing vegetation results from the organisms involved in the decomposing process taking up the available nitrogen in the soil. As the decomposition process continues, these organisms release the taken up nitrogen plus nitrogen found in the vegetative material being decomposed, back into the soil making the nitrogen available to any growing plants.

Single plowing of virgin sod may have resulted in slow decomposition of the vegetative material with the resulting effect that available nitrogen in such a field being lower than a comparative field that was backset.

Backsetting then may have resulted in better soil nitrogen levels in the years immediately after the field was broken.

In addition, a backset field posed fewer problems when the field was plowed the following spring. The vegetative material should have

been quite decomposed by then since it was buried in the soil at approximately the 2 inch depth. Alternatively if the field was plowed to a depth of 5 to 6 inches then the decomposed material was not brought to the surface but rather reburied.

Wheeler does point out that if virgin sod was plowed in late summer; drier conditions usually prevailed by then. These dry conditions would delay the decomposition of the vegetation turned under.

Wheeler suggested that another reason to consider backsetting as the preferred method of breaking was if the field being broken was in an area where native grasses were liable to give trouble. However, Wheeler did not discuss this any further so it is not known whether he was referring to districts of western Canada where there was greater rainfall which would result in grasses being better able to re-establish themselves or districts which contained certain species of native grasses that were more persistent.

The Interpretation Committee would like to thank Mr. Bollman for informing of us of the book, “Profitable Grain Growing”.

The Manitoba Agricultural Museum is open year round. For more information visit ag-museum.mb.ca.

While the exact time of the year this photo was taken in unknown, according to Seager Wheeler, if the backsetting process was to be done properly, the shallow first plowing should take place in May or early June with the deeper second plowing taking place before early July. The timing of these operations should, in theory, result in sufficient soil moisture to rot the turned down vegetation. While Seager Wheeler advises to take care that the sod produced by the first plowing lies flat, this is a lot easier said than done. As can be seen in the photo the first plowing, visible in the foreground, did not quite result in the sod laying flat. There are places visible where the vegetation being turned over was sufficiently tall enough that it prevented the sod from laying over completely as the turned vegetation fell onto the previously turned sod.

Current Until March 29, 2019

TheBuying AgriPost Your Guide

Profitable Grain Growing with a Plank Drag

The practice of backsetting, which was sometimes carried to break virgin sod, the use of a plank drag in subsequent field operations was mentioned.

A plank drag was somewhat more complicated than merely dragging a plank across the field and deserves some further explanation.

Seager Wheeler, who wrote the book “Profitable Grain Growing”, thought the plank drag was important enough that he devoted a chapter in his book to the uses of a plank drag where he describes in detail the plank drag he was using in 1919.

He built this drag using two 2 x 8 planks, eight feet long set on edge, one running behind the other. The trailing plank did not run exactly behind the leading plank but rather was offset to the left of the leading plank by one foot.

The two planks were then separated by three feet. Three 2 x 6s three feet long were mortised into the drag planks near the top edge of the 2 x 8 drag planks. One of these pieces went in the middle and the other two pieces at the ends of the drag planks.

Boards were then nailed across the tops of these pieces in order to provide a place where the driver could stand. In addition two iron or steel rods running between the 2 x 8s were used to hold the entire assembly together. A chain threaded on to these rods was used as a hitch to the team pulling the drag. The rods had to be high up on the drag planks to result in the team’s pull coming on

to the top edge of the plank which better allowed the soil to move along the front edge.

The draw chain would have the clevis fastened to it so that the right side of the chain is shorter than the left side resulting in the drag being drawn at an angle of about 40 degrees while it was working. Any steeper angle than this angle resulted in the drag pulling sideways. With a 40 degree angle, soil was again encouraged to move along the front edge of the drag.

The plank drag crushed lumps, shaved off humps in the field and filled in light depressions. Just as importantly, when used properly a plank drag could fill in the dead furrows left by plowing.

Wheeler points out that a smooth surface on a field resulted in the field equipment of the time operating more consistently. For example if the small wheel on the end of the table of a grain binder met any small obstruction in the field, the binder would swing somewhat which would then result in the grain coming onto the table on an angle. This caused ragged sheaves which posed problems in stooking. A smooth running binder produced neat and compact sheaves.

Seed drills also benefited from a smooth surface as depth was more easily maintained and the feed of seed was more regular. Seed drills at that time were ground driven off the end wheels and if the wheels were being bounced around this resulted

February 22, 2019 Cruisin’ for Deals

in the mechanism dropping the seed in a jerky and less regular manner.

One has to remember in the age of horse drawn equipment farmers wanted light running equipment as this would be less tiring to the horses pulling which meant the farmer could cover more ground before the team became exhausted for the day.

However a side effect of light running equipment was that it was more sensitive to field conditions.

A diagram of the plank drag Seager Wheeler was using on his farm in 1919. This drag had evolved significantly from the first one he used when homesteading in Saskatchewan in the 1890s. His first drag consisted of 2 poplar logs pegged together. The bottom of the logs were cut flat probably using an adze.

In the Market for Some Vintage Horsepower

By Les Kletke Ben Friesen is not in love with his tractors, he could part with any of them if you need some horsepower. This past summer Friesen drove his 65 Massey in the Tractor Trek West. He said that the he likes the tractor although there is no long term attachment.

“I bought the tractor a year ago and had to do some work to it,” he said. “But it is in good shape and works well.”

He also has a model 50 and a 35 Massey that he has restored. His current project is an Allis Chalmers W 45. He is not sure of the exact year but knows it is circa early 1950s.

Friesen does not farm and instead lives on acreage outside of Winkler. The shop on his yard allows him to work on vintage tractors that need just a bit of care. He did a motor job on the model 65 last year and is happy with its performance now.

When it was introduced the model was part of what was known as the World line of and built to be marketed around the tractors which were developed wold with only minor changes for

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specific markets. The 65 was built from 1964 to 1975 and came with a

powered by a Perkins diesel or a Continental gas engine.

While both engines were rated at 35 hp, the diesel boasted a 5 horsepower advantage on the drawbar giving it a 38 hp rating and a similar advantage on the PTO horsepower available for running implements at a 37 hp rating.

Friesen’s tractor is equipped with a 3 point. hitch and LPTO, making it a top of the line offering in its day. The tractor was equipped with an auxiliary hydraulic system when he bought it and he is not sure why the system was added to the tractor. The hydraulic system does deliver increased capacity and it has a larger reservoir.

Friesen will spend this winter working on his Allis Chalmers project.

“They are for sale,” he said of his tractors. “And we will see what I find next spring.

I know that the 65 is a nice tractor and in good shape, but $3,935 US price tag in 1964. It was if somebody else wants it, rated at 33 horsepower and could be then it has to go.”

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Cruisin’22, for2019 Deals February

YourThe Buying Guide AgriPost

Current Until March 29, 2019

The AgriPost

Vital to Keep Feed Ingredients from ASF Infected Countries Out of North America

The Manitoba Pork delegation and US pork counterparts attending both the Iowa and Minnesota Pork Congress’ agree that the most common conPhoto by Harry Siemens cern is how to keep the devastating African Swine Fever from entering North America.

By Harry Siemens George Matheson, the Chair of Manitoba Pork said to defend against African Swine Fever (ASF), both Canadian and US pork producers would like to see a reduction of feed imports from China and other affected countries.

A Manitoba Pork delegation participated in the 2019 Iowa Pork Congress in Des Moines and met with fellow pork producers, US pork sector officials and politicians.

Matheson said animal health; particularly the threat posed by African Swine Fever is top of mind among producers on both sides of the border. “Probably the most common concern is how we’re going to keep it out of North America and it’s always good to hear that we’re on the same page,” he said. “It’s not a case of we’re isolationists and thinking of ourselves, keeping it out of our own country, we want to keep it out of the North American

continent. Both countries realize how devastating it would be.”

The biggest concern for hog producers in North America is how widespread ASF is in China and the potential of it entering Canada and the US. “Our theory is it would most likely come in on feed, and we’re trying to come up with ways to reduce imports. The general feeling is we have our feed requirements in North America,” said Matheson. “If we can at all help it, let’s restrict

feed imports from China until they clear up this disease.

Both countries are on the same page in regards to how we might approach government officials to restrict feed imports from China.”

During the Iowa Pork Congress trade issues and the replacement of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) also received extensive discussion.

Delegates understood that

February 22, 2019

if hog producers are to do well in Canada then hog producer in the US must also do well.

The consensus is that both countries are happy with USMCA. “Tariffs are not fully removed yet between Mexico and the US, but they’re heading in that direction, so we’re looking forward to that happening,” said Matheson. “It’s not a case that we compete with each other. You know, we’re part of Trans-Pacific Partnership; the US is not right now. For Canadian producers, it would be a good thing for America to be part of that trade agreement. We’re on the same page. We wanted to have the same agreement.

We’re both free traders.

We realize that we’re in a great industry that would benefit from free trade for all.”

Matheson said relations are excellent between producer groups on both sides of the border. “In April, they come to our AGM. I have never, in my four years as chair, had any disagreements at any level with American pork producers, and that’s why it’s good to do this at least once a year, to maintain our strong ties, and make sure we’re on the same page,” he said.

“We will continue to do this annually to meet with them, put a face to the industry, and discuss issues.”

The most recent meeting had Matheson urging for restrictions on the import of feed from ASF affected countries or quarantines on those products

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to reduce the chance of the virus entering North America.

The Manitoba Pork delegation travelled to Minneapolis for the February 2019 Minnesota Pork Congress to meet with fellow producers and US government representatives, including trade and animal health.

He said the main discussion centered on ASF and how producers in both countries might work together to mitigate the chance of it entering North America.

“It’s pretty much concluded in the industry that, if it enters, it would be through feed or illegal meat imports,” said the Matheson. “We’ve always felt that, although we couldn’t specify how PED entered North America that it was quite likely that the virus came in on feed. Since ASF started in Russia, it’s now in western Europe to some degree and is right across China.”

Matheson feels the virus could be found in a number of imports, most likely organic soy meal.

At the very least he wants these feeds quarantined before they’re fed to any pigs in North America. “As far as feed goes, right now the action is just making our respective governments aware that this could very well be a vehicle that the virus could enter on,” he said. “We hope that actions, as I mentioned, quarantine or absolute restriction of those imports take place.”

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February 22, 2019

The AgriPost

Your DMI Feed Plan Drives Milk Production in Early Lactation Dairy Cows A good dry matter intake or DMI plan is really a foundation of building optimum energy intake by early lactation dairy cows. This energy consumed essentially drives good milk yield (and milkfat) at peak milk production and over the rest of their lactation.

Unfortunately, there is a natural lag time between peak milk production and subsequent peak DMI of early lactation cows that dictates; not all their energy requirements will be obtained from feed. This fact draws them into a 6-week period of “Negative Energy Balance”, which forces a natural mobilization and thus breakdown of their body fat, which supplies substantial energy to support milk production.

However, when I go into a dairy barn and see a pen of early lactation dairy cows that are scoring a body condition score of less than optimum 3.25 - 3.50 at calving (1 = emaciated and 5 = obese), it has been my experience that many of these skinny dairy cows may not complete an entire 305-day lactation and thus stall-out.

This is a consequence of the early weeks of insufficient dry matter intake, which also magnifies their failure to recover from deep NEB, and ends in eventual poor milk production.

To avoid such stall-outs by promoting optimum feed intake amongst early lactating dairy cows; I often set up a separate nutrition program that is fed three weeks before they calve. That’s because, I have studied several univer- Milking dairy cow. sity trials, which demonstrate if close-up dry cows can consume at least 12 kg of feed (dmi, basis) at calving, they should have greater DMIs as early lactation cows and be rewarded with less metabolic problems and better milk production.

I don’t believe these close-up dry cow diets should be complex. They can be as simple as laying down some highly digestible hay mixed with a few kilos of lactation TMR. Nor does the proceeding early lactation diets need to be complicated as well in order to promote dry matter/energy intake. For example, here are a few simple boundaries that I follow when formulating early lactation dairy diets: - Good forage base – I like formulate diets with good quality forage such as alfalfa-based, mixed with a little grass-hay. My early lactation diets contain 19 to 21% ADF, 28 to 32% NDF (75% from effective forage fibre). Limitations are placed upon dietary non-structural carbohydrates of 35 to 42%.

- Good energy base – I add palatable grains to this forage base such as corn, which is highly digestible starch, yet its rate of energy release is slower released than barley. I also limit-feed grains to 7.5 kg in the entire diet, which helps prevent sub-clinical acidosis.

- Monitor moisture content – I target about 50% moisture content in the daily TMR to achieve 22 – 25 kg DMI in early lactation cows. I also assure a good source of drinking water is available at all times, regardless of the moisture content of the dairy feed.

- Limit dietary bypass fat – I limit feeding palm fat to 450 gm per cow per day.

Research shows that there is a decreasing feed intake response in early lactation cows to elevated blood levels of non-esterified fatty acids, whether it comes from mobilized body fat or palm fat.

- Add “digestion helpers” to feed - I formulate direct-fed microbials at 10 gm into lactation diets. It helps improve feed digestibility of feed and prevent sub-acidosis rumen acidosis, which promotes DMI. A friend of mine, who milks 360 dairy cows, also follows these five recommendations, when mixing up the early lactation dairy diets with his new self-loading mixer wagon.

It’s a heavy-duty of piece of equipment that he keeps in top-working order to assure these cows receive a consistent, uniform and nutritious diet; each time that feed is put down in front of them. To date, we calculated that his single group of early lactation cows (40% 1st calf heifers) are consuming about 24.3 kg of feed (dm, basis) and are peaking at about 48 litres of milk production (3.9 % b.f.).

His story is a good testimony that a good DMI feed plan drives good milk production. He is quite modest, when you ask him, but he gives every cow the opportunity to take an extra bite of feed that will ultimately end up as milk in the bulk tank and dollars in his pocket.

The AgriPost

February 22, 2019

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KAP Looks at Issues that Will Improve Agriculture Farmers from across Manitoba met recently in Winnipeg at the Keystone Agricultural Producers (KAP) 35th annual meeting, calling on their organization to address a wide range of issues that include railway line improvement and maintenance in order to get their commodities to market, funding for veterinary training, and education to keep abreast of updated regulations for safely moving farm equipment on roadways.

“This meeting is an opportunity for farmers to put forward their concerns and recommendations regarding our industry, so that farming can become even more efficient in order to continue providing food for Canadians and others around the world,” said KAP President Bill Campbell.

Campbell, a grains and cattle producer from Minto was acclaimed president. Jill Verwey, who runs a mixed farming operation near Portage la Prairie, and Mitch Janssens, a grains and oilseeds producer from Boissevain were acclaimed Vice-Presidents.

In total, 17 resolutions were passed at the meeting.

Maintenance of service

roads for access to fields resolution will see KAP lobby the Government of Manitoba to upgrade and maintain service roads where access roads have been closed due to Manitoba government policy.

The Class 1 licence for farm use resolution focuses on a recommendation to be made to the Government of Manitoba to create and implement a Class 1 (semitrailer) licence for farmers to harmonize with the Saskatchewan government. Also the number of instructors available to do a road test for Class 1 licence is causing labour delays on farms. KAP will lobby the Government of Manitoba and Manitoba Public Insurance Corporation to address the deficiency of instructors who give the road tests for Class 1 drivers’ licences so that farm employees do not have to wait two months to get a test. By that time, seeding is over.

Railways were another primary concern at the meeting.

KAP, with assistance from the Canadian Federation of Agriculture, will lobby the national railways to continue their efforts to provide dual rail lines in order to prevent

the collisions that occur on shared single lines. In addition KAP will continue to work with the Canadian Federation of Agriculture and the Government of Canada to make rail transportation a priority, ensuring that financial assistance from the Federal government is available to ensure farm commodities can get to market.

A resolution looking for clarity on the movement of farm machinery and equipment will have KAP working with the various provincial government departments to develop a document and/ or website that explains in simple language the new and existing regulations that apply to the movement of farm equipment, machinery and commodities.

Opportunity and input into the Living Labs project overseen by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada was set as a priority. KAP will lobby to have a role in the strategic direction of the Living Labs project to ensure farmers have the option and ability to perform best management practices which directly address the needs outlined in the Paris Climate Accord and the UN’s IPCC-SR15 report.

On drainage, retention and irrigation KAP will lobby the Provincial Government to remove compensation requirements for Class 3 to 5 wetlands for projects where the water is entirely maintained and stored within the project, to then later be used as an irrigation source. As well, KAP will urge the Province to reduce or remove the offsetting costs of draining class 3 wetlands.

In seed research and development KAP members will continue working with and lobbying Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada to maintain its research, development and finish wheat varieties that set the standards in the milling industry.

Grain dryer certification is problematic in the Province.

KAP will approach the Office of the Fire Commissioner, Manitoba Infrastructure and Manitoba Agriculture for clarity to the interpretation and application of the Canadian Standards Association regulations so that producers have access to both new and used grain dryers, as well as expedited grain dryer certifications in Manitoba.

Expanding natural gas capacity within the Province

is a goal set by KAP. A plan will be developed with key industry stakeholders to expand natural gas capacity in rural Manitoba in order to provide economic and competitive benefits to producers, the agricultural sector and Manitoba as a whole.

Controlling the spread of African Swine disease (ASD) is of great concern for hog producers in the province. Membership decided that stemming the spread of ASD in part is controlling the wild boar population in Manitoba. With that in mind, KAP has resolved to lobby the Government of Manitoba to direct resources that will identify and eradicate wild boar populations.

The KAP resolution on the level of support in veterinary training for Manitoba residents will have the organization’s representatives meet with the provincial minister of education to encourage the Government of Manitoba to maintain its level of support funding for Manitoba students at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine (WCVM). In addition KAP will discuss with the dean of the WCVM additional supports that would encourage

graduates to return to Manitoba and establish or join large animal practices.

Cereal genetic funding is lacking within the province.

As part of the solution, KAP will promote more Government of Canada research on a point-of-delivery check-off system, in place of trailing or end-point royalties, in order to fund seed variety development.

Equal access and opportunity to the Cash Advance Program was identified as a gap for many Manitoba farmers. KAP will lobby commodity groups to work with the Government of Canada to allow innovative farms and value-added enterprises in Manitoba to access the interest-free Cash Advance Program, using an enhanced crop list similar to other provinces.

Lastly the establishment of innovative farms and valueadded enterprises is an avenue to be fully developed in the province. To do this KAP will lobby the Government of Canada and the Government of Manitoba to provide more resources to help innovative farms and value-added enterprises to get established in Manitoba.

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February 22, 2019

Blueprint - Best Mineral Feeding Program for Your Breeding Beef Cows

By Peter Vitti There are four principal trace elements that are essential to successful beef cow reproduction, namely: copper, zinc, manganese and selenium.

All too often, they are either deficient in forage or bound by compounds also found in forage, which render them biologically unavailable to cattle. Therefore, I instruct beef producers to plan the best mineral (and vitamin) feeding program to their breeding cows (and bulls), so high conception rates can be achieved during this year’s breeding season.

It’s good advice, because even the most promising beef cows that are truly trace-mineral deficient suffer from poor conception rates or high failure of embryonic survival. In some cases, these mineral deficient cows might look and act reproductively sound (active estrus), but their true reproductive system (ovulation) might be inactive. In a similar way, bulls can suffer from general infertility.

This fate was experienced by a 150-head cow-calf operation that I visited a couple of years ago, and now can testify to the importance of strong mineral status for their breeding cattle.

That’s because their cows had a consistent history of reproductive issues until a good mineral (and vitamin) program was implemented.

Here is their story – At the end of their 2017 calving season, things were very dismal. There were lots of pulled calves and a good portion of their cows had retained placentas. It was also common to see both weak cows and small calves.

A couple of weeks into the breeding season, things remained bad. Many of their cows (as well as replacement heifers) failed to cycle early; with many of them first-cycling when the bulls were turned out. Neither were the newborn calves doing well; with many of them having persistent scours throughout the summer. In final assessment of the 2017 breeding season confirmed everybody’s worst nightmare; 30 out of 149 cows (20%) were vet-confirmed ‘open’.

With some investigation, I revamped their entire cattle mineral feeding program. Rather, than feed their favoured “economical” cattle mineral, which I found had unbalanced levels of salt, phosphorus, trace-minerals and vitamins; I switched their entire herd to well-fortified “breeder” cattle mineral throughout the winter of 2017 - 18, the 2018 calving and subsequent breeding seasons.

The foundation of their “breeder” cattle mineral is a specific compliment of macro-minerals (calcium, phosphorus and magnesium) as well as a high level of trace minerals in particular copper, zinc, manganese and selenium fortified at the best concentrations as well as in highly bioavailable chelated/organic forms.

Once these macro- and trace minerals are consumed at 3 - 4 oz per head, daily, they reach the cows’ digestive tract, where they are: (i) quickly absorbed, (ii) efficiently metabolized and (iii) highly retained to build optimum mineral status.

As a result - November 2018 vet-confirmed pregnancies showed that out of a total of 120 cows and replacement heifers; all but four older brood cows were pregnant (3% - open).

Furthermore, the breeding season of the cowherd was tightened from 90 to 65 days. Its weaned calves benefited too – weaning weights on average were 45 lbs heavier. The goal for this fall is to achieve a 98% conception rate and 60 lb heavier weaned calves.

In retrospect, the above personal testimony is a reflection of the importance of essential trace minerals (and vitamins) status upon cattle reproduction as backed by an array of scientific research. Here is a summary of comparing good versus poor mineral status upon reproductive performance in beef cattle:

*Example – secondary copper deficiency caused by binding of molybdenum and sulphur in cattle.

The AgriPost

Rebuilding Eroded Soil Can Take Decades

By Les Kletke When it comes to soil conservation good intentions are not enough according to David Lobb a Professor of Soil Science at the University of Manitoba.

While speaking with attendees at the January Ag Days he explained that while strides have been made to improve soil conservation it is a long process to rebuild the damage that has been done and soil that is lost. He suggested that conserving water aimed at soil health might be in order.

Lobb told the audience that numbers indicate practices intended to stop soil erosion have not been as effective as previously thought. He said there is still a considerable amount of erosion that continues today thought it is on a smaller scale and not as visible as the dustbowl of the 1930s. “Tillage remains the dominant error in the process and the thick layer of soil at

the bottom of hills has increased while the subsoil has been dragged down the slope,” he said. “Reduced tillage is good and the area under conservation tillage has increased but we are still seeing the impact.”

His numbers indicate that in the 20 years from 1991 summer fallow on the prairies decreased from 40% to 10% and while that is good news it is a long-term process to rebuild the soils that have been degraded.

He said that soil conservation efforts have fallen far short of expectations and in many cases, soil is an undervalued resource. “The impact of erosion has gotten worse,” said Lobb. “It takes a long time to increase the organic matter of a soil and we have made some steps on the large scale but we continue to see the impact on individual fields. It takes decades to improve a soil.”

Lobb does not discourage producers from attempting to improve saline areas on their fields although it is not cost effective yet. The best advice

David Lobb, Professor of Soil Science at the University of Manitoba, tells an audience at Manitoba Ag Days that tillage methods remain the Photo by Les Kletke dominant error in building soil health.

he offered is to take measures that focus on problematic acres instead. Although improvement practices require long term management before real improvement can

be seen, he advised that a systematic approach should be used to build soil productivity and ensure the sustainability of farms and the agricultural industry.

Durum Declines in Price and Acreage

By Elmer Heinrichs The outlook for 2019-20 of area seeded to durum is forecast to decrease by 25% from 2018-19 due to the lowest prices since 2013-14 and lower prices than for most classes of wheat, which will encourage a shift to wheat seeding.

Production is forecast to decrease by 15% to 4.9 Mt as the lower area is partly offset by a return to trend yields from the below trend yields of 2018-19.

Exports are forecast to increase by 7% due stronger demand resulting from a decrease in world

production. Carry-out stocks are forecast to fall by 25% to 1.5 Mt. The area seeded to all wheat in Canada is forecast to increase by 9% from 2017-18 as a 4% decrease for winter wheat is more than offset by a 10% increase for spring wheat. The spring wheat area is forecast to increase because of relatively good prices for wheat and a shift out of durum and winter wheat in western Canada. Production is projected to rise by 8%.

Averaged over all field crops, yields are estimated to be marginally lower than last year. The production of all field crops is estimated at 93.4 million tonnes (Mt), an

increase of about 0.2 per cent compared to 2017-18.

For grains and oilseeds (G&O), exports are expected to increase as higher exports of wheat, excluding durum, and oilseeds more-than offset lower exports of coarse grains. However, for pulses and special crops (P&SC), exports should see a slight decrease.

It is expected that average prices for field crops in Canada will continue to receive strong support from a weak Canadian dollar.

Total domestic use of field crops is forecast to increase due to the significant increase in the volume of peas going into the feed market.

It was noted that in Manitoba, corn yields are average to below average due to the hot and dry weather experienced last summer. In some areas, there was a higher rate of abandonment due to poor stands and/or the crop was turned into silage as forage crops had suffered.

With most of the canola harvested, AAFC says Canadian exports of canola are forecast to rise by 5 per cent, to 11.5 Mt, based on strong world demand for canola. It also notes that in western Canada, the province of Manitoba is the second largest soybean producing province, at 1.9 Mt, which is a drop from the 2.2 Mt grown last year.

Improving Best Practices and Standards for Dairy Farmers The Federal government recently announced an investment of up to $2.7 million to support Dairy Farmers of Canada (DFC) enhance public trust in dairy production through the continuation and implementation of their quality assurance program, proAction, as well as the pursuit of an industry environmental sustainability strategy.

DFC producers contribute $20.9 billion for the Canadian economy and through the Dairy Farmers of Canada’s proAction program, Canadian dairy farmers collectively demonstrate responsible stewardship of their animals and the environment, sustainably producing high-quality, safe, and nutritious food for consumers.

“Dairy farmers across Canada are committed to the high-

est standards in regards to sustainable production. As such, our proAction® program has been instrumental in demonstrating farmers’ responsible stewardship in producing milk that is of the highest quality. This funding will allow for ongoing improvement of proAction® and will ensure that the industry meets the expectations of consumers for decades to come,” said Pierre Lampron, President of Dairy

Farmers of Canada.

Building on progress achieved to date with proAction, this investment will help DFC further develop and implement proAction, pursue stakeholder engagement, initiate an industry environmental sustainability strategy, and implement a plan to communicate with stakeholders, customers, and consumers on DFC’s quality assurance and sustainability activities.

The AgriPost

Farm Women’s Conference Hosts Local Farmer, Author and Life Coach

By Joan Airey Kim Standeven is a Manitoba farm woman who lives with her husband and two daughters on their family farm near Mariapolis. She is a best-selling author, life coach, speaker, workshop facilitator and was the keynote speaker at a recent Manitoba Farm Women’s Conference.

One of the books Standeven has published is ‘Stand Even’ that was written for anyone wanting to deepen their understanding of mentorship, discover the power of their life lessons and connect with what really matter in life.

Her second book ‘FourSelf’ includes seven simple ways to integrate self-care in your daily life. In addition a book published by Suzanne Doyle-Ingram ‘Shine’ includes Kim’s story on how she overcame challenges in her life and how she now helps others through life coaching to reach their goals and overcome adversities.

“Successful women may look like they ‘have it all’ but the reality is that they have had to overcome challenges and adversity to get to where they are today and so can you,” explained Standeven.

“As a wellness coach I like to focus on spiritual wellness which is who we are and our inner selves.”

When Standeven works with a client, one on one or in group workshops she explores topics such as what are our values and are we in alignment with them; our belief system and how it impacts our behaviour and perspectives; how we care for ourselves and what self-care looks like in everyday life; what our passions and sense

Kim Standeven farmer, bestselling author and life coach was a recent keynote speaker at the Manitoba Photos provided by Kim Standeven Farm Women’s Conference.

Kim Standeven, a Manitoba farmer and life coach, facilitates a group workshop.

of balance are; how we create a life that feels aligned and really great; our self-esteem; how we see ourselves in the world and who do we want to be; and how we connect with our universe whether it be in faith, spirituality or nature.

She has a free e-book ‘Live the life of Ease-Stop the Cycle of People Pleasing” that can be download or join Standeven’s free Facebook group, ‘Wise Woman Collective’ where she co-hosts a weekly Facebook Show.

She is also the cofounder of Life Design Lab an on-line membership program at lifedesinlab.live. To learn more about Standeven go to kimstandeven.com.

Manitoba Growers Consider Edible Beans Options

By Elmer Heinrichs Within the Province there is a revived interest in growing peas, thanks in part to Roquette’s pea processing facility being built near Portage la Prairie that is scheduled to start operations in the fall of 2020 and possible contracts in 2019. This increased interest resulted in another good turnout of growers at edible bean meetings co-hosted by Manitoba agriculture and the edible bean industry, held at Portage la Prairie and Altona recently.

Provincial pulse specialist Dennis Lange, pleased with the turnout, said about 270

people took in the two meetings and received a lot of information about growing beans successfully.

Manitoba Pulse and Soybean Growers co-host of the two day meetings also organized many Manitoba edible bean equipment dealers, buyers and contractors to participate in the events.

When asked if more farmers were considering edible beans, Lange said the grower base is pretty standard. But, he added, “There may be a few new ones, and a few who haven’t grown beans for a year or two.

Most of the growers are in the Altona-Winkler and the

Treherne to Portage la Prairie area.”

Lange said he’s expecting to see a slight increase in edible bean acres for 2019, to somewhere in the range of 130,000 acres. Last year Manitoba had about 122,000 acres. “Growers have to be very selective choosing well drained soils in putting in their dry beans. Over the last four to five years, we’ve seen an increase in the average yield because farmers are realizing that they need to choose fields for growing beans on fields suitable to produce good yields,’ noted Lange.

Topics discussed at the

meetings included research, problems to watch for, weed control, fertility, production, prices and markets.

Lange had some advice for growers for this upcoming season. “Keep in mind those rotations.

Soybeans and dry beans don’t mix well in a rotation. Soybeans can volunteer. I’ve seen them volunteer two years after an edible bean crop, and that’s a real concern for some of the end users, because soybeans can cause a food allergen issue in dry edible beans.”

February 22, 2019

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Province Streamlines Process for Grain Dryer Inspections The Manitoba government is continuing to reduce red tape and improve services to producers by streamlining the process for inspection and approval of grain dryers by the Office of the Fire Commissioner (OFC).

“We recognize the importance of responding in a timely fashion, and OFC has taken strides to improve the inspection and approval process for grain dryers,” said Growth, Enterprise and Trade Minister Blaine Pedersen. “When producers find they need to dry the grain in their bins, it is important to be able to move quickly and accommodate a large number of requests that may come in at the same time.”

Grain dryers must be inspected and certified to ensure they are set up safely before they can be used. The province recognizes producers need that process to happen as quickly as possible, Pedersen said and as a result, the OFC has established a central booking process coordinated with Manitoba Hydro to streamline the scheduling of inspections. In addition, the availability of inspectors has been expanded to include evenings and weekends throughout the harvest season, and a 24hour inspection hotline will be available from August 15 to December 31.

“We have heard loud and clear from producers that we must do better when it comes to reducing red tape on grain dryers,” Agriculture Minister Ralph Eichler said. “The work we have done in conjunction with the Office of the Fire Commissioner and with Minister Pedersen means this process will be streamlined and that producers can focus on what they do best, working to feed the world.”

Producers must still ensure the installation is completed in compliance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and Canadian Standards Association code requirements, and that all checks are completed prior to the inspection to avoid unnecessary delays.

Harmonizing installation requirements with Saskatchewan will also reduce confusion as equipment suppliers and installers often serve clients in both provinces. The OFC and SaskEnergy are working closely to align the approval process and installation requirements such as venting, dryer and fuel tank protection and general installation code requirements, Pedersen added.

For more information or to schedule an inspection, contact the Office of the Fire Commissioner at 1-204-945-3373, 1204-945-3322 or email firecomm@gov.mb.ca.

Farmers Needed to Help with Pollinator Study Can attracting pollinators and natural enemies of pests improve the health of agroecosystems? Are there certain practices you can implement to enhance them on your farm? Will results yield higher returns?

A new project to establish flowering plants at crop field margins will soon be underway to determine if this habitat increases crop productivity by increasing pollinators and natural enemies of pest.

The experiment, conducted by the University of Manitoba, is looking for farmers to enroll. Project staff will engage with farmers to select fields, seed (provided) and maintain the flowering habitat. The farmer then needs to maintain their normal crop rotation and regular management practises.

The objectives of the experiment are to study flowering habitat effects for the duration of the project, collect insects throughout the growing season and evaluate crop yield and quality.

Field-specific results will be communicated directly to the farmer throughout the project.

If you are interested or have further questions, feel free to contact Dr. Jason Gibbs at Jason.Gibbs@umanitoba.ca or Dr. Yvonne Lawley at Yvonne.Lawley@umanitoba.ca.

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February 22, 2019

Farm Safety Program Nears Final Implementation Stage The Federal and Manitoba governments are investing more than $1.1 million over five years in the Keystone Agricultural Producers (KAP) to deliver the Farm Safety Program and to develop safety tools, training and resources for farmers in Manitoba.

“Our government acknowledges the importance of raising awareness regarding farm workplace hazards in order to prevent and reduce injuries,” said Federal Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lawrence MacAulay. “Through the Canadian Agricultural Partnership, we are investing in the continued development and delivery of farm safety oriented programs and training that will make working and living on Manitoba farms safer for all.”

The Manitoba Farm Safety Program is a continuation of a three year Growing Forward 2 – Growing Actions project.

This continuation will fulfill the development and delivery of safety training, tools and resources in the agriculture sector.

“Farming continues to be one of the most dangerous occupations in Canada, with risk of injuries increasing with the use of heavy machinery, working with livestock, fatigue and extreme weather conditions,” said Manitoba Agriculture Minister Ralph Eichler. “The Farm Safety Program will enable Manitoba farms to establish on-farm safety programs to keep their families, their workers and themselves safe while operating their businesses.”

The program will continue to be administered by KAP, with design and development of the program being guided by the Farm Safety Council. The Farm Safety Council consists of representatives from a number of stakeholders including members appointed by Manitoba’s farm commodity associations, including Manitoba Pork Council, Manitoba Canola Growers Association, Vegetable Growers Association of Manitoba, Manitoba Egg Farmers, Dairy Farmers of Manitoba, Manitoba Corn Growers, Manitoba Beef Producers and Keystone Agricultural Producers.

“Safe practices on our farms is paramount to the safety of our producers, our employees and our families,” said KAP President Bill Campbell. “I encourage all farmers to take advantage of this programming to prevent injuries and accidents in our workplace.”

More information about Ag Action Manitoba is available at manitoba.ca/agriculture under Canadian Agricultural Partnership, by calling 1-844-769-6224 (toll-free) or emailing agaction@gov.mb.ca. Manitobans can also sign up for a digital newsletter at gov.mb.ca/agriculture/online-resources/signupfor-growing-manitoba-ag or follow Manitoba Agriculture’s Twitter channel at twitter.com/MBGovAg for more information about Ag Action Manitoba.

The AgriPost

Build Safety on Your Farm Before Spring Planting

By Robert Gobeil for the Canadian Agricultural Safety Association As the start of spring draws closer, for An operational checklist should also many Canadian producers, thoughts include placing orders for essential turn to the planting of crops and the supplies, such as seed, crop protection hope for a productive and successful products, or feed. Since these items farming season begins again. often take time to arrive, ordering The promise of a new season is an them in advance means they are readideal time to do a thorough check of ily available when needed. Another equipment and processes. If you feel thing to consider on your checklist is you’re running short of time, consider purchasing any necessary insurance this, time is a resource we seem to have (home/property, crop, liability, etc.) to plenty of when times are slow and then protect your operation should an unforbecomes invaluable as work demands tunate and unforeseen event occur. And increase. don’t forget to inspect your fields and Being proactive checking equipment pastures for standing water and drainand processes before planting is essen- age once the last of the snow has finally tial. Taking the time to implement pre- melted. season checklists will pay off in the This is also a good time to make sure end by helping reduce the chance of all of your workers are up-to-date with breakdowns and downtime during one training, as well as reminding them of the very busiest parts of the year. about your Emergency Response Plan.

(As an added bonus, using checklists (If you don’t already have an Emeras a part of your safety management gency Response Plan, now’s the time system shows your farm does its due to develop one.) diligence.)

When it comes to tools and equipThere are plenty of checklist templates ment, consider stocking up on parts that available or they can be created from often need replacing (including items scratch. The choice is yours. (Check like lights and reflective markings). out casa-acsa.ca/resources/canada- Remember that some items should be farmsafe-plan for CASA’s free Farm- maintained based on the hours of use, Safe Plan – including checklists!) so there’s nothing wrong with performWhen working with a checklist, be- ing this maintenance ahead of schedule gin by asking yourself questions about to avoid breakdowns and unexpected various equipment and processes. This repairs when the workload increases. will give you the tools to identify prob- And while you’re doing maintenance, lems and gives you the opportunity to don’t overlook your safety equipment. develop corrective actions to address Every checklist should include safety any issues. You don’t have to rush and equipment inspections to ensure these try to fix everything all at once. Instead, items are accessible and working propprioritize items based on the chance of erly if they are needed. This includes occurrence and potential severity if a fire extinguishers, first aid kits, and breakdown occurred. eyewash stations, as well as personal

Robert Gobeil is the Canadian Agricultural Safety Association’s Ag Health and Safety Specialist.

protective equipment.

On top of checking your equipment and processes, a facility inspection should also be implemented as part of your safety management system. While this type of assessment needs to be done at regular intervals throughout the year, it’s worthwhile to begin the process before the start of the season.

Time is our most valuable resource.

That’s why taking care to prepare early is essential to having a productive and successful season. Incorporating pre-season checklists will help prevent downtime and help ensure your operation runs smoothly throughout the busy months ahead.

The AgriPost

Safety for Your Farm Visitors

By Robert Gobeil for the Canadian Agricultural Safety Association On farms across the country, there’s no shortage of visitors coming and going throughout the year. Visiting a farm isn’t without risk. Anytime people are in a situation where they could be in contact with animals, farm equipment, or other hazards like water, there is potential for injury.

While many farm operations are accustomed to regular visitors, it’s in a farm’s best interest to provide these visitors with a basic orientation when they first enter the property. Regardless of whether the people visiting are suppliers and contractors, or friends and family members, producers are responsible for their safety.

The good news is that developing a visitor orientation doesn’t have to be a difficult task. Start by assessing and documenting any safety risks before visitors come to your farm. Are there areas that are off limits (such as bins, crop protection storage areas, lagoons, etc.)? Are there areas of your farm that are fine for adults to visit, but not for children? Are there areas on the farm that are accessible to contractors and suppliers but not friends and family? These are all great questions to think about before visitors set foot on the property.

Another point to consider is any limitations a visitor might have. Walking through grassy areas with ant mounds or gopher holes might not seem too risky, however, falls, especially for older adults, can lead to serious injuries and other complications.

Other limitations might include lack of training or awareness on the operation of farm machinery or equipment. Keep that in

mind before allowing any visitor to perform farming tasks.

It’s also good to consider personal protective equipment. Depending on the safety risks you’ve identified, any necessary personal protective equipment should be provided during the orientation (and if you’ve taken the proactive step of asking visitors to bring their own equipment, then you’re already ahead of the game). It’s also a good idea to lead a walkthrough of certain areas so that visitors get a visual understanding of where they can and cannot go, as well as an awareness of the safety risks. Remember to lead by example during the orientation and wear the appropriate personal protective equipment.

While some of these farm hazards may seem obvious to those who are around them every day, it’s important not to assume that other people will already be aware of the associated risks. Even if signage is in place on the property to identify any hazards, make sure to explain the risks during the orientation. Take time also to highlight the key points of your property’s Emergency Response Plan, like where the designated meeting (muster) point is and who to call in the event of an emergency.

Once the orientation is complete, make sure it’s documented and signed off by both the visitor and person providing the training.

Even though creating and implementing a visitor orientation takes a bit of work, it’s well worth the effort in order to protect the well-being of every person who visits. And that’s an important priority for all Canadian producers.

Even though creating and implementing a visitor orientation takes a bit of work, it’s well worth the effort in order to protect the well-being of every person who visits your farm regardless of whether the visitors are suppliers and contractors, or friends and family members.

February 22, 2019

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Proper Footwear Selection an Important Part of a Safe Farm

By Robert Gobeil for the Canadian Agricultural Safety Association We all wear footwear, but how many of us wear the right type for different tasks?

On the farm, there are many everyday tasks that could result in injuries to feet or ankles if the proper footwear is not used. Footwear is a key aspect of injury prevention, which is why it’s important to wear the right type to ensure your safety. Make sure you’re using footwear that meets specific safety standards by always selecting CSA-approved footwear, which can be identified by a green triangle (usually found on the right foot).

When it comes to tasks that involve heavy lifting, safety footwear with a steel or composite toe should be worn any time there’s a chance of your foot being struck by or pinched between objects. And in situations where your foot could be injured by an object falling on top of it, use safety footwear with metatarsal guards on the tongue.

For jobs that involve electrical work, select footwear that has an electrical insulator (dielectric), which will provide resistance against electric shock. To identify this type of footwear, look for an orange Greek letter omega symbol (which resembles an upsidedown horseshoe).

There’s no question that producers work in all kinds of different conditions. When working in wet or muddy conditions, rubber boots are an obvious choice for keeping feet dry. It’s a good idea to clean any mud and debris from your boots at the end of the day in order to maintain grip and avoid tracking debris. You

can also prevent slips and falls on wet, oily, snow-covered, or icy surfaces by wearing footwear with an anti-slip outsole to maintain maximum traction. Keep in mind that while overshoe attachments (like cleats or crampons) might be useful for icy conditions, they can be hazardous to wear on dry, hard surfaces.

When working on uneven surfaces, select footwear with a tall upper and laces all the way to the top of the boot, which will help to support your ankle and prevent injury from rolling it.

If you have torn or damaged footwear that you think you could get a couple of extra months out of, you might want to think again.

Leaky rubber boots don’t just lead to cold, wet feet; they could potentially expose you to chemicals and other hazardous substances.

Rather than take any chances, replace damaged footwear as soon as possible.

Because footwear is such an important part of injury prevention on the farm, these requirements should be listed as mandatory personal protective equipment in the safe work procedures part of your safety management system. Don’t forget to discuss the footwear requirements for specific jobs with workers during orientation.

Always assess the conditions and potential hazards that you’ll be working in and select the right type of footwear for the job. Wearing the proper footwear will help ensure your safety, which means less risk of injury and more productive work.

Footwear is a key aspect of injury prevention, which is why it’s important to wear the right type to ensure your safety. Make sure you’re using footwear that meets specific safety standards by always selecting CSA-approved footwear, which can be identified by a green triangle.

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February 22, 2019

New Innovative Science Cluster Aims to Grow Bioeconomy The bioeconomy sector holds tremendous potential for Canada, helping to reduce our carbon footprint while creating opportunities to grow our economy.

The Federal government has committed up to $7 million to the Biomass Cluster under the Canadian Agricultural Partnership. The Cluster, led by the BioFuelNet Canada Network, will include an additional $3.1 million in contributions from industry, for a total investment of $10.1 million.

“Our Government is proud to support innovation that will help position Canada’s agricultural sector as a leader in the production of bioenergy and other bioproducts. This investment in biomass research will help farmers manage agricultural waste, reduce energy costs and environmental impacts, while creating new market opportunities for Canadian bioenergy,” said Lawrence MacAulay, Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food.

This new research cluster will drive innovation and help improve technologies for processing agricultural biomass, including waste material, which can then be used as a renewable and sustainable starting material for production of cleaner bioenergy, and other bio-based products.

The cluster will focus on three key areas of research including advanced technologies to boost biomass production; using biomass heat and energy to extend the greenhouse growing season in Northern Canada and reducing production costs and expanding export markets for biomass.

As part of the research cluster, McGill University will receive up to $888,061 in funding for a project that will focus on the development of biological inputs that will enhance the growth of biomass crops including switchgrass.

The research cluster is funded through the AgriScience Program, a five-year, $338 million initiative under the Canadian Agricultural Partnership that aims to accelerate the pace of innovation by providing funding and support for pre-commercial science activities and cutting-edge research that benefits the agriculture and agri-food sector and Canadians.

AAFC Forecasts More Wheat and Less Soybeans in 2019

By Elmer Heinrichs Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada’s (AAFC) first 2019-20 forecast of spring planting points to the potential for increased wheat, along with higher acreage seeded to barley, corn and canola, while trimming acres dedicated to durum and soybeans.

Expected prices, carryover stocks, input costs, and moisture conditions are expected to play a crucial role in determining actual seeding decisions in the spring. As a result, the January outlook, predicts that the area seeded to field crops in Canada will increase slightly due to a lower allocation for summer fallow.

Total area seeded to wheat plus coarse grains is expected to continue to be slightly higher than the total area seeded to oilseeds plus pulses and special crops. In addition, the areas seeded to grains and oilseeds are expected to increase slightly while the total area seeded to pulses and special crops decreases significantly.

Production of grains and oilseeds is forecast to increase by three per cent to 88.7 metric tonnes (MT) while the output of pulses and special crops decreases by four per cent to 6.4 Mt. The area seeded to wheat in the 2019-20 crop year is forecast to increase by nine per cent as a four per cent decrease for winter wheat is more than offset by a 10 per cent increase for spring wheat. Spring wheat area is forecast to increase because of relatively good prices and a shift out of durum and winter wheat in western Canada.

Seeded area for corn is forecast to increase by six per cent due to steady prices and continued good overall demand, especially for high quality corn. Production is forecast to increase by six per cent to 14.7 Mt on the higher area and higher average yields.

Canola area in Canada is expected to increase by one per cent to 9.4 million hectares (Mha) on a shift out of soybeans and lentils across western Canada due to steady yields and a projected slight strengthening of prices.

Soybean area is forecast to fall slightly to 2.48 Mha, overall because of a modest decline in western Canada, as a result of concerns over dry growing conditions. Production is projected to fall slightly to 7.0 Mt.

The AgriPost

MFGA Well Positioned for New Sustainable Protein Strategy Manitoba’s forage and grassland industry appears to be getting some well-deserved sunshine within the Manitoba government’s first-of-its-kind sustainable protein strategy.

While consultation on the plan was clearly identified as the next step ahead, several key priorities of the announced strategy merge easily into Manitoba Forage and Grassland Association (MFGA) vision of vibrant grasslands and prosperous forage crops on Manitoba’s agricultural lands such as increasing the beef-breeding herd, continuing to develop the sheep industry, new investments in new plant protein extraction, and positioning Manitoba as a leading research and development centre in North America for plant protein extraction technology.

MFGA leaders were keen to learn more as to how MFGA can help shape the plan and then take the plan forward to MFGA’s producers, networks and partners.

“MFGA works towards and promotes the economic prosperity and environmental benefits of forages, grasslands, cover crops and healthy soils,” said Darren Chapman, MFGA Chair. “These healthy and prosperous lands will benefit forage and grassland producers, local communities and society as a whole. They also seem to have a strong fit with and align seamlessly with some of the key components of the Minister’s announcement.”

The strategy will also maintain the Manitoba government’s focus on creating an environment for and attracting investment while supporting research and innovation. “On a national scale, Manitoba is a forage and grassland powerhouse and clearly the Minister’s plan involves our industry in our province,” said Chapman. “Any high level strategy like the Minister’s announcement today always has an upside for the industry it supports. We were are very interested in learning more on the strategy and how we can help.”

According to Chapman, the provincial focus on grasslands and forages is super timely and welcomed. He sees improved range management, improved water quality via landscape and nutrient management and the retention of fragile lands that are better left for livestock production as immediate players in discussions ahead around the strategy.

“It is clear that the Minister and Manitoba Agriculture leaders clearly understand the importance of the grasslands and forage industry as a livestock food source and also as great providers of benefits to society around water management, air quality and soil health,” said Chapman.

“This plan could support a push for on-farm producer-focused research, extension efforts and resulting communications around grassland benefits provided by grassland and forage producers would encourage stronger management, a bigger network and cohesive efforts of forage production and grasslands retention. We are very keen to be part of the future conversations and programs. We are 100 per cent onboard.”

Food Freedom Day Comes Earlier in Canada

By Elmer Heinrichs According to the calculations by the Canadian Federation of Agriculture (CFA), February 9 was Food Freedom Day. By this date, the average Canadian living in the south has earned enough to pay their grocery bill for the entire year. That’s because as Canadians we spend on average no more than 11 per cent of our income on food in 2018 and 2017.

In 2017, disposable income per capita was approximately $32,915 and expenditures on food and beverages was approximately $3,635.

Food Freedom Day is calculated by taking Canadians’ total expenditure on food and beverages and dividing it by the total Canadian household disposable income to create a percentage. CFA then determines what this percentage of the year is, by day. On food and beverages Canadian disposable income equates to 40 days.

“Food Freedom Day is an opportunity to appreciate all that goes into producing our food and the connec-

tions along the path toward our dinner tables. Canada has one of the most efficient, safe and affordable food systems in the world, and Food Freedom Day is an excellent way for Canadians to visualize how fortunate we as Canadians are to have access to such a diversity of affordable food,” said Ron Bonnett, CFA President.

In comparison Chinese, Russian and South American citizens spend 20 to 30 per cent of their income on food. In many African countries, it is closer to 40 per cent.

This year, Canadians will throw away over two million tonnes of food or 1/4 of the groceries that are carted into each household. As mouldy cheese and slimy cold cuts are tossed most people probably do not think about Prairie farmers struggling to feed their animals over the winter or when that winter follows drought conditions that destroy their crops.

To become more food literate Canadians can reduce waste, support local food vendors and reconnect with the farmers who keep us fed.

Manitoba’s Grow Projects Gear Up

By Elmer Heinrichs Gordon Janzen, Manitoba representative for the Canadian Foodgrains Bank (CFGB) said leaders of community grow projects across the province are planning already for 2019.

In 2018, 5,300 acres were seeded in Manitoba growing projects for the Foodgrains Bank. In 2017, Manitoba’s grow projects contributed $2 million of the $7.3 million raised nationwide.

“While we don’t ask for commitments,” Janzen said as farmers’ plans can change. “We expect a similar number of projects again this year.”

“In my work as Manitoba representative it has been an inspiration to come alongside many who are so committed to raising and/or donating funds for the work of the Foodgrains Bank,” added Janzen.

Through the grow projects, groups of farmers and farm supporters plant, tend and harvest a crop, then sell it on the Canadian market, donating the proceeds

to the Foodgrains Bank to be used in the work of responding to world hunger.

The CFGB works towards providing food in times of crisis for people in the developing world, and helping people grow more food to better feed themselves and their families. Janzen is pleased with the way Manitobans are supporting the Foodgrains Bank contributing $3.5 million; with 57 per cent of donations coming from the 38 grow projects. Two auctions and eight choir concerts, Singing in the Grain and Common Vision also raised funds for the Bank.

The AgriPost

Field Crop Cluster Project Furthers Verification of 4R BMPs for Growers Canadian corn growers will have improved access to verified 4R Nutrient Stewardship best management practices (BMPs), leading to advanced economic performance and environmental stewardship, following research from a new corn project.

The Cross-Canada Agronomic and Environmental Benefit of Advanced 4R Nitrogen Management of Corn research activity, part of the new corn project led by the Canadian Field Crop Research Alliance (CFCRA), will build upon the current

research of Canadian 4R Research Network researcher, Mario Tenuta.

Tenuta’s research aims to further verify 4R Nutrient Stewardship BMPs by increasing the use efficiency of nitrogen to reduce environmental losses and greenhouse gasses without negatively impacting a grower’s yields or bottom line. CFCRA includes Manitoba Corn Growers Association, Manitoba Pulse & Soybean Growers and the Prairie Oat Growers Association.

“Fertilizer Canada is com-

mitted to continuing the scientific research of 4R Nutrient Stewardship to improve BMPs for Canadian growers in all crop regions,” said Clyde Graham, Executive Vice President. “These recommendations improve confidence for Canadian growers who are facing increasing pressure to boost yields for export while contributing to national climate change goals.”

Fertilizer Canada’s contribution of $100,000 over three years strengthens the research behind 4R Nutrient Steward-

ship to create better opportunities for growers to contribute to Canada’s climate commitments under the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and Paris agreements, and national agricultural export priorities from the Advisory Council on Economic Growth.

Following the renewal of the North American 4R Research Fund in 2018, Fertilizer Canada has contributed to the more than $11.8 million invested in 4R research to date.

KAP Welcomes Senate Report on Climate Change and Carbon Tax

By Elmer Heinrichs Keystone Agricultural Producers (KAP) welcomes the recent report from the Senate committee on agriculture and forestry about the impacts of climate change and carbon pricing on agriculture. Titled Feast or Famine, it recognizes the work that farmers are already doing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

This includes practicing minimal and zero tillage, as well as utilizing cover crops, to sequester carbon in the soil. In addition, improved animal genetics have resulted in fewer resources needed to feed and

maintain livestock.

At the same time, the report points out that, “Without adaptation action, agriculture would be one of the sectors most damaged by climate change.” To that end, it calls for measures to help farmers adapt by increasing investment in adaptation research and enhanced educational services.

The report also addresses the carbon tax that will be implemented by the Federal government for provinces that have not put forward their own carbon tax plan and this includes Manitoba.

Particularly, it calls for

Four Decades of Food Development Recognized The Food Development Centre is being recognized for assisting Manitoba’s agri-food industry in the development and commercialization of food products for 40 years.

“For 40 years, the Food Development Centre has helped Manitoba’s food and beverage industry grow, and be competitive on the international stage,” said Agriculture Minister Ralph Eichler. “Manitoba has an exciting future in this field and we’re fortunate to have a facility like the Food Development Centre to work with industry to develop new and innovative products.”

The Food Development Centre (FDC) was established in 1978 as a joint venture of the Federal and Provincial governments, and in 1999, became a Special Operating Agency under the Department of Manitoba Agriculture.

The centre works with food companies of all sizes from start up entrepreneurs to multinational corporations. During its 40year tenure, the Food Development Centre has helped thousands of businesses develop new products to give them a competitive edge and to access new markets.

The FDC is an important link in the public and private research infrastructure supporting economic development in Manitoba.

The facility is a focal point for food industry research, professional services and technology, both provincially and globally.

Environment and Climate Change Canada to address farmers’ competitiveness on the global market, as well as food affordability for Canadians, by exempting fuels used to heat farm buildings and propane/natural gas used in farming activities.

“The exemption of these fuels is essential because we are competing in a world marketplace where we do not have the opportunity to set our own prices and where our competitors will not have these costs,” said KAP President Bill Campbell. “This report mirrors what KAP has been saying,

and what we outlined in our Agricultural Solutions to Climate Change report issued earlier this year,” he said.

Campbell is calling on the Federal government to implement the recommendations in the report to help farmers adapt to climate change and help mitigate its effects.

He noted that KAP had previously written to Environment and Climate Change Minister Catherine McKenna, calling for many of the changes that are now contained in the report.

February 22, 2019

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Red Tape Threatening the Next Generation of Farmers More farmers are concerned with the burden of red tape compared to 10 years ago (77 % in 2008, compared to 81 % in 2018) according to findings released recently by the Canadian Federation of Independent Business (CFIB) during the 10th annual Red Tape Awareness Week.

Confusing forms, bad customer service and excessive government regulations are leaving 69 per cent of Canadian farmers questioning whether their children should take over the farm or start their own business, given the current burden of red tape.

“Canada has a strong farming tradition, and red tape shouldn’t be the issue holding back the next generation from wanting to take over,” said Marilyn Braun-Pollon, CFIB’s Vice-President for agri-business. “With 41 per cent of farmers planning to retire in the next 10 years, we are seeing producers asking the big question, will the next generation want to take on the evermounting burden of red tape?”

Canada Revenue Agency (59 per cent), the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (46 per cent), environmental regulations (45 per cent) and Statistics Canada (40 per cent) were voted as the most burdensome agencies and regulations by farmers.

“Red tape can show up in many ways. For example, CFIB recommended, for years, that Statistics Canada should not send out surveys to farmers during peak periods. In fact, 92 per cent of farmers agree that there should be a black-out of surveys during their busiest times. Yet, surveys are still required during spring seeding,” added Braun-Pollon. “While governments are great at celebrating agriculture, and have taken some steps to try to curb the growth of red tape at the farm gate, it is time they make meaningful changes so farmers feel they are being heard instead of unnecessarily over-regulated.”

CFIB is hopeful that farmers will see tangible changes following the Federal government’s announcement in its Fall Economic Statement that it intends to remove barriers to trade within Canada and modernize federal regulations. CFIB previously recommended the Federal government reduce barriers to interprovincial trade in agri-food products by addressing duplication of Federal, Provincial and Territorial regulations, including those related to meat inspection.

According to the CFIB, Manitoba may be moving in the right direction, addressing bureaucracy. “Manitoba has become a leader on red tape reduction and we are seeing some meaningful progress happening for farmers,” said Jonathan Alward, CFIB’s Director of Provincial Affairs for Manitoba. “We’re pleased the province just announced changes to streamline the inspection and approval for grain dryers. This common sense approach recognizes that farmers need to be safe but also have a quick turnaround from government during the harvest season.”

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February 22, 2019

The AgriPost

Province Begins Consultations on New Sustainable Protein Strategy The Manitoba government announced it will be developing a first-of-its-kind sustainable protein strategy, ensuring Manitoba producers are well positioned to remain leaders in plant and animal protein development in the face of increased global demand.

“With world demand continuing to grow for high-quality protein, Manitoba producers have an exciting opportunity

to feature their products in an increased global market,” said Agriculture Minister Ralph Eichler. “Our strategy will seek to grow livestock herds for animal protein and new acres for plant protein, while ensuring our province remains a strong environment for investment and that our government is attuned to the needs of producers.”

Key priorities of the strategy are increasing livestock processing, ensuring that pig supply matches processing capabilities, increasing the beef-breeding herd, continuing to develop the sheep industry, new investments in new plant protein extraction, and positioning Manitoba as a leading research and development centre in North America for plant protein extraction technology.

The strategy will also maintain the Manitoba government’s focus on creating an environment for and attracting investment while supporting research and innovation, and reducing red tape that hampers the growth and development of the agriculture industry.

Livestock production and processing are both significant contributors to Manitoba’s economy. In 2017, livestock farm-cash receipts were $2.2 billion, while processing accounted for $1.8 billion and an estimated 4,500 jobs, said the minister.

The protein strategy is the first sector strategy under the recently announced Economic Growth Action Plan, Eichler said. In their report, Growing Manitoba’s Economy, co-chairs Dave Angus and Barb Gamey recommended development of targeted sector strategies as a priority to foster competitiveness, facilitate growth, identify investment opportunities and address economic barriers in the province.

The consultation paper, Manitoba Protein Advantage, is available at gov.mb.ca/agriculture, with extensive consultations to follow. The final strategy will be presented at the Manitoba Protein Summit in September, the minister added.

Funding Targets Agri-Work Force and Employment Tools The agriculture and agri-food sector is a major contributor to Canada’s economy, employing approximately 2.3 million people in 2017. Reliable access to labour is vital for the sector to ensure it can continue to create high-quality jobs and meet the growing demand for topquality products for Canadians and consumers around the world.

Recently, the Federal government announced funding of up to $279,223 to the Canadian Agricultural Human Resource Council (CAHRC) to lead the International Phase of the Quality AgriWorkforce Management Program.

This project, funded through the Canadian Agricultural Adaptation Program, is designed to clarify best practices for recruiting and retaining international workers. CAHRC’s activities will involve developing and delivering communications and training products for employers, including guides, website content, webinar and workshop training materials and, promotional materials.

Research has shown that each international worker who is hired, following a stringent process to ensure qualified Canadian workers do not wish to apply, results in 2-4 full-time Canadian agriculture related jobs up and down the Agri-Food supply chain.

Contributing $304 million per day to Canada’s economy (over $111 billion annually) and employing approximately 2.3 million people the Agri-Food sector accounts for close to 7% of Canada’s GDP. With Canadian AgriFood enjoying global recognition and unprecedented demand due to the high quality of the products coupled with equally high safety standards this critical business sector is poised to increase significantly its economic contribution to Canada by almost double by 2025.

The AgriPost

February 22, 2019

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Internet: a Wealth of Information for Gardeners

By Joan Airey With the bone chilling weather we have been experiencing in Manitoba I have had time to do some gardening research while dreaming of warmer days.

Sage Garden has a Seed Club with the goal of introducing members to a wide variety of seeds and techniques. When you join a package of seeds plus other gardening supplies are mailed every month.

This month along with wild flower seeds I received Sea Magic kelp and a pack of plant markers.

Sage Garden Greenhouses located in Winnipeg offers other subscriptions such as Winter Garden Survival, Wonderfully Weird Plants, Rookie Grower Plants and Plant Lover selections. In addition the seed club is running a 28-day challenge open to anyone, including schools, garden clubs and individuals on growing

salad greens indoors by giving out 1,000 packages of Organic Gemstone Greens Mix or Organic Ironman Kale Seeds. I planted my Gemstone Greens Mix and already it’s germinated. To receive the 28-day challenge seeds you will have to pay a dollar for the postage or if you are in Winnipeg you can pick up the seeds. After 28 days of growing I am looking forward to using this salad mix. To learn more about this unique garden club visit sagegarden.ca.

Their website is a wealth of information for any type of gardener.

Do you have your garden seeds ordered? I plan to order mine this week because one of the companies I deal with gives a discount for ordering early and another is running a contest in February to win your seeds for free.

My winter lettuce is growing great this winter. I borrowed an idea from Tiffany

Grenkow and planted one Romaine lettuce seed to a pot this year. I was planting 6-12 seeds at a time in individual pots trying to spread the bounty out so we have lettuce ready at different times.

Last fall, Grenkow had lettuce in her garden that was going to freeze if not brought indoors and she transplanted each plant into individual pots. As a result she had some beautiful lettuce growing under lights earlier this year.

Those living in the Brandon area might want to attend Seedy Saturday on February 23 at Park Community Centre. There are twenty vendors lined up including Heritage Harvest Seed Company, Assiniboine Food Forrest Inc. and Bee City Brandon. I’m hoping for a beautiful day that Saturday so I can attend with some neighbours who also love to garden.

Romaine Lettuce growing under lights.

Photos by Joan Airey

Salad greens growing under lights on February 7 although next time I will make sure they are closer to the lights.

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February 22, 2019

The AgriPost