AgriPost September 27 2024 by AgriPost

Heavy Rains Bring Both Relief and Harvest Delays

By Harry Siemens

through parts of southern and southeastern Manitoba, raising concerns among farmers regarding their crops. However, many farmers welcome the extra moisture, viewing it as beneficial for the growth of their fields despite the challenges it may pose for some.

While too much rain can cause issues, additional water is primarily helpful for agriculture in the region.

Brunel Sabourin of Antara Agronomy in St. Jean-Baptiste, MB, highlighted that heavy rain in mid-to late Sep-

tember could pose challenges for harvesting beans and corn and delay fall fieldwork. While beneficial in some cases, the excess moisture may complicate certain crops’ drying and harvesting process, creating potential setbacks for farmers aiming to complete their seasonal work.

“We were dry before this rain, so even if we don’t receive any additional rainfall in the foreseeable future, we should still be able to return to the land and harvest the remaining harvest without making a mess,” he said. “While this rainfall doesn’t benefit this year’s crop, it will help

get the 2025 crop off to a good start!”

Bob Kleinsasser from Suncrest Colony near Steinbach, MB, expressed concern that fall fieldwork may not be possible after receiving 6 inches of rain. The heavy rains have left the fields so wet that they may only be able to complete the harvest once frost allows for better field conditions. This significant moisture has delayed harvest and any potential fieldwork for the season.

Manitoba Agriculture’s weekly crop report said harvest continues in spring cereals and canola, with yields re-

ported between 25-90 bu/acre for spring wheat, 80-180 bu/ acre for oats, and 90-115 bu/ acre for barley. Canola harvest is around 49% complete. Corn crops are maturing rapidly, with cobs in the dent growth stage. Sunflowers are progressing well, with earlier seeded fields reaching physiological maturity (R9 stage), while later fields are in the R8 stage. Overall, crop conditions are good as the harvest progresses.

The crop report noted that spring wheat yields are estimated between 60-90 bu/acre, averaging 70 bu/acre in the Central and Eastern regions. Continued on Page 2...

Crops

By Elmer Heinrichs

Livestock ranchers and crop producers are on opposing ends of the spectrum when it comes to farm cash receipts for the first half of the year, with livestock folks currently on top.

For the first two quarters of 2024, farm cash receipts across the country were down 3.2 per cent in total from the same time last year – with crops dropping 11.4 per cent and livestock rising 8.5 per cent, according to Statistics Canada’s latest report.

In Manitoba, total receipts were down slightly less than the national average, at 2.3 per cent.

During the second quarter, receipts were up across the country by 4.7 per cent, with Manitoba leading the nation in April-June period, up 6.4 per cent.

Jill Verwey, president of Keystone Agricultural Producers, said while 2024 prices are still far below farmers’ expectations, at least the weather is co-operating.

Although it is still early in the harvest cycle, there are reports, despite the declining commodity prices, many cereals producers could bring off a large crop.

During the first two quarters of the year, hog receipts were up 9.5 per cent across the country – an additional $269.3 million in producers’ pockets – because of a 9.6 per cent increase in price, with as 13.4 per cent increase in export sales.

Whereas other provinces have seen some decline in hog herds because of processing closures in Alberta and Quebec, Manitoba’s has remained quite stable. There are about eight million hogs in Manitoba and about 90 per cent are exported either live to the US or as cut pork into international markets.

According to Statistics Canada, farm cash receipts for Canadian farmers totalled $47.4 billion in the first two quarters of 2024, down $1.6 billion or 3.2 per cent from the same period in 2023

Heavy rains, ranging from three to six inches, have swept through parts of Southern and Southeastern Manitoba, raising concerns among farmers regarding their crops.

Photo by Harry Siemens

Heavy Rains Bring Both Relief and Harvest Delays

In the North Interlake, yields range from 25-55 bu/acre, with up to 70 bu/acre in the South Interlake.

Fusarium head blight affected some fields, reducing grain quality to grade two. Oat yields are reported between 80-180 bu/acre, while barley yields range from 90-

115 bu/acre. Corn crops are progressing rapidly, with cobs in the dent growth stage and milk lines advancing as they approach physiological maturity.

Canola harvest is ongoing across the province, with 49% completed. The Central region has reached 70%,

while the Northwest is 25%. Swathing and pre-harvest applications are still in progress.

Sunflower crops are maturing, with earlier fields in the R9 stage and later fields in R8. Flax crops are fully ripened, with pre-harvest herbicide applications

complete, and harvest is expected soon, depending on weather conditions. Overall, crop conditions for canola, sunflower, and flax are rated as good, aside from areas impacted by previous flooding.

Dairy producers in Eastern Manitoba have finished

their third cut of hay, while beef cattle producers are still working on their second cut.

Harvest of native forages is underway in previously waterlogged areas, and many producers are baling straw as annual crops are combined. Corn silage harvest has started, though moisture levels and kernel integrity remain a concern. Most second cuts have yielded 1 to 2 bales per acre. Producers should monitor nitrate levels in the feed if frost occurs and be cautious about the timing of alfalfa harvesting during the critical fall period.

Animal Health Canada Focuses on Foreign Animal Disease Preparedness

By Harry Siemens

Erica Charlton, Director of Animal Health Canada’s Emergency Management Division, said the division’s primary focus is planning and preparedness for foreign animal diseases. This will be a key topic at Animal Health Canada’s Forum 2024, scheduled for October 8 and 9 in Ottawa, sharing updates on the division’s activities.

Charlton emphasized the division’s focus on foreign animal disease planning and preparedness, particularly for African Swine Fever, Foot and Mouth Disease, and High Path Avian Influenza.

She notes, “It’s been all hands on deck for African Swine Fever planning,” with five years of collaborative efforts forming a strong foundation. As the division develops and refines the disease preparedness plans, the goal is to create a flexible template for addressing various foreign animal diseases and expand the focus to natural disasters and climate change.

Animal Health Canada operates as a collaborative body, bringing together key players to manage emergencies.

“We work with federal agencies like the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, and the Public Health Agency of Canada, as well as provincial ministries of agriculture, emergency management, and veterinary offices,” said Charlton.

National livestock groups, including the Canadian Pork Council and the Canadian Cattle Association, also participate. Veterinary epidemiologists from CFIA, provinces, and private practice contribute expertise based on specific diseases under discussion.

Animal Health Canada also collaborates with international trade officials, particularly from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), to address trade limitations related to animal diseases.

Charlton explains, “We’re

tapped into provincial and national networks and bring in subject matter experts depending on the issue, whether it’s disease, policy, or trade.”

As the coordinator, Animal Health Canada manages a complex network involving government agencies, livestock organizations, and experts, ensuring the right specialists are involved in decision-making and policy discussions based on the topic at hand.

She highlighted the urgency in addressing key issues, especially in the swine sector, where African swine fever (ASF) is a pressing concern.

“ASF is a notifiable disease, meaning that if it’s detected, our foreign trading partners will stop the import of Canadian pork,” she explains.

The economic impact would be devastating, with 70% of Canada’s pork production exported.

“We can’t consume the surplus if trade stops, leading to massive economic losses for farmers and the broader economy,” said Charlton. “This highlights the importance of preparedness to protect trade and livelihoods.”

Charlton emphasized the high financial risk of ASF due to the potential loss of trade.

“The priority is to control the disease quickly, regain trade status, and resume normal operations,” she explains, stressing the importance of rapid response.

The severity of the situation brings stakeholders together, including political, animal health, and welfare interests.

Campaigns like “Don’t Pack Pork” focus on educating the public about border security and reducing the risk of ASF introduction through international travel.

She stressed the importance of educating travellers and veterinarians about the risks of transporting meat, particularly to prevent African swine fever (ASF). Campaigns like “Don’t Pack Pork” aim to raise awareness about the dangers of introducing ani-

mal diseases into Canada.

The organization also focuses on training veterinarians to recognize symptoms of ASF, handle reporting requirements, and manage responses.

“To improve preparedness, Animal Health Canada conducts mock exercises, testing protocols for disease detection and control, and continuously refining their plans based on the results of these exercises,” said Charlton.

Charlton said Animal Health Canada’s emergency response system must be nimble, particularly in the first 72 hours of a disease outbreak like African Swine Fever.

“You need to stop the spread as quickly as possible with the critical need for swift action, including tracing animals and isolating affected farms,” she stressed.

The organization has conducted mock exercises to refine their preparedness, from euthanizing pigs to handling Foot and Mouth Disease vaccinations. The critical priority remains ensuring adequate human resources for managing large-scale animal health emergencies.

Charlton said that although the current focus is disease management, other emergencies will also be later.

For more info or to register for Animal Health Canada’s Forum 2024 industry, see animalhealthcanada.ca.

Submitted photo

“We were dry before this rain, so even if we don’t receive any additional rainfall in the foreseeable future, we should still be able to return to the land and harvest the remaining harvest without making a mess,” said Brunel Sabourin of Antara Agronomy in St. Jean-Baptiste.

Brunel Sabourin of Antara Agronomy in St. Jean-Baptiste said of the recent heavy rain that it doesn’t benefit this year’s crop but it will help get the 2025 crop off to a good start.

Submitted photos

Erica Charlton, Director of Animal Health Canada’s Emergency Management Division, said the division’s primary focus is planning and preparedness for foreign animal diseases.

Trade Challenges and Weather Impact Food Producers

By Harry Siemens

According to the Wild Oats Market Advisory, China’s anti-dumping investigation into Canadian canola imports that started in early September following Canada’s tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles, steel and aluminium.

Having imported 4.7 million tonnes of Canadian canola in 2023/24, China may see companies cancel sales until more certainty arises. Canadian companies are likely to fulfill existing contracts but pauses new sales. Speculation suggests China may target US soybeans with tariffs.

Jonathan Driedger, a senior research analyst at LeftField Commodity Research, said, “First of all, it’s not good news. I mean, nothing good comes out of possible trade action. And they are the largest export market for canola by far.”

Driedger said there is an expectation that some action will occur, though the specifics remain uncertain.

“We don’t know what this will look like or when it will happen. Seeing a final ruling or investigation could take months or even years,” he said.

He said this uncertainty creates challenges from a market perspective, making it difficult to navigate. Initially, the market reacted sharply lower, which is understandable given the potential loss of access to a significant export market. However, the situation is not automatically guaranteed to be severely bearish, as much depends on how events unfold in the coming months.

“Our initial assessment is that the situation for canola may be less bearish than it first appears, though we approach that cautiously,” said Driedger.

While this isn’t a positive development, there may be mitigating factors that help buffer the potential impact. The biggest challenge lies in the uncertainty surrounding the situation.

Once they saw the official notice, their perspective shifted slightly. While there’s still uncertainty about the outcome, it becomes clearer that predicting exactly how things will play out remains challenging.

When asked to respond after the official announcement and whether canola stocks were piling up, Driedger hadn’t heard anything spe-

cific. Some numbers were out as the basis for their argument, but the final decision could take some time, with one rumour suggesting January.

“But what is happening compared to official announcements may be two different things,” he said.

For example, they still determine where China would source its canola if it’s not from Canada. If China were to reopen to Australian canola suddenly, there might be a reshuffling of markets. Australian canola could flow into China, while Canadian canola could go to other markets, rather than resulting in a complete loss of export business for Canada.

When asked whether this is isolated to canola seed, or other products such as oil and meal? Driedger said, “That would also change some of the dynamics since there are simply many unknowns before we can get, you know, too specific in terms of what exactly this means.”

Driedger expressed concerns about the uncertainty surrounding the NDP stepping back, which raises questions about a possible fall election, which adds to the existing volatility.

Hail, Strong Winds Damage Prairie Crops

By Elmer Heinrichs

A series of storms left a path of destruction in all three Prairie Provinces from August 19 to 25.

More than one million acres were either damaged or destroyed by the storms

bringing hail and strong winds, leading to more than 2,800 claims of crop damage, according to the Canadian Crop Hail Association (CCHA).

“This was the biggest week for claims in August

in the last decade,” said one company spokesman.

In Manitoba, 10 communities were affected, all in the western part of the province, with wheat, canola, corn, soybeans and peas affected.

Traditional market factors like production, yields, and exports are still important. Still, geopolitical and macroeconomic factors have heightened uncertainty for over five years, even before the COVID-19 pandemic, making the market environment increasingly unpredictable.

He said trade issues, like those between China and Canadian canola, are ongoing challenges that will likely take time to improve.

“While weather unpredictability is a known aspect of farming, the broader geopolitical and macroeconomic instability is a different and worsening issue,” he said.

These dynamics can sometimes work in favour, as with Australian barley, but often against, as with canola. The difficulty lies in predicting these shifts, and Driedger approaches market analysis with humility, recognizing how quickly conditions can change unexpectedly.

He offered one example, from 2022 after Russia invaded Ukraine, a veteran analyst remarked, “This generation has never dealt with a war market.”

Driedger said the analyst was warning against playing trading games during such unpredictable times. “His point still stands. There has never been a market like

this, and the uncertainty is significant,” said Driedger.

“Farmers and analysts must accept that surprises will occur, events that blindside and dramatically shift price projections. These events are just today’s reality,” Driedger said.

Jim Pallister, a farmer from Portage la Prairie, MB, said on X, “It’s for a good cause: to force us to buy Ontario electric vehicles, the Liberals are blocking China’s imports. So, the Chinese retaliation is against western Canada. We get hurt. The East gets protected. Imagine! Ottawa hurts the west to protect the east. I’m shocked. Shocked!”

Jonah on WhatsApp said trade challenges and weather keep things interesting for food producers.

WhatsApp Image September 3 2024.

Minority Governments and Parties Playing Games with Farmers’ Well-being

Two Bills before the Senate in Ottawa are not friendly to different parts of agriculture and food producers but need watching. The amended version of Bill C-234, with the proposed farm carbon tax exemption reduced to only grain drying and just three years, is heading back to the House of Commons on October 3.

It appears that the NDP and Bloc will support it. The Conservatives may let it pass, but that is still to be determined. So what is happening here?

China Strikes Back at Canadian Canola Farmers after EV Tariffs

By Sylvain Charlebois

The response to Canada’s decision to impose tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles (EVs) last week was predictable. Ottawa knew that retaliation would follow, and China quickly responded by launching an anti-dumping investigation into Canadian canola exports.

While there is no evidence of actual dumping, the facts are largely irrelevant. China is likely to move forward with sanctions, regardless of the explanations provided by the Canola Council or Canadian diplomats. As in 2019, when Canada faced a similar impasse, we could again see borders close to Canadian agricultural exports.

In March 2019, after the arrest of Meng Wanzhou in the Huawei incident, China abruptly halted Canadian canola shipments, citing pest contamination as the official reason. The Canadian canola industry suffered losses estimated

between $1.54 billion and $2.35 billion in sales, with price declines persisting until August 2020 due to the suspended export licenses. Pork exports were also affected, but canola has always been a primary target for China in these diplomatic standoffs. Canola holds a special place in Canada’s agricultural identity, and targeting it first is a calculated move by China. The crop was developed in Canada, and its very name – derived from “Canada” and “ola” (referring to oil low in acid) – underscores its deep national significance. As the world’s largest exporter of canola, Canada plays a pivotal role in both global food markets and biofuel production. Conversely, China is the largest oilseed importer, with half of Canada’s canola exports destined for its market. By hitting canola, China sends a clear message: it can disrupt a critical Canadian sector anytime political tensions escalate.

Farmers in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba

– where most of Canada’s 43,000 canola producers are located – are already feeling the impact. Yesterday, canola prices dropped nearly five percent, and further declines could mirror the prolonged downturn of 2019. The symbolism of canola makes it a prime target. Whenever Canada moves against China’s interests, Canadian agricultural commodities such as canola are the first to be leveraged.

Western Canadian farmers now face significant uncertainty, largely due to Ottawa’s aggressive push to bolster the battery and EV sectors. The federal government has committed nearly $50 billion toward building battery factories, a bold gamble that led to the tariffs on Chinese EVs. The official rationale, it seems, is to protect domestic manufacturers from an influx of cheaper green vehicles from China, even if that means limiting affordable options for Canadian consumers and straining relations with China.

This approach prioritizes the development of Canadianmade EVs over the potential benefits of allowing lowercost imports to help reduce carbon emissions.

This industrial strategy follows a familiar pattern: when a government decides that a product must be produced domestically, at all costs, it often results in less competition, higher prices, and questionable product quality.

The dairy industry offers a prime example. Ottawa has funnelled billions into the sector, supported by highly restrictive trade barriers. While this policy has propped up dairy farmers, it has done so at the expense of other agricultural sectors – wheat, canola, beef, and pork – all of which could arguably benefit from the same level of government support.

continues to erode.

For those old enough to remember, Pierre Trudeau once idealized China, yet today, his son Justin faces a more hostile Beijing. History, it seems, has a twisted sense of irony.

In the end, the federal government will likely compensate canola farmers for their losses, as it has done before. Farmers are resilient, but Canada’s diplomatic standing, particularly with China,

Dr. Sylvain Charlebois, a Canadian professor and researcher specializing in food distribution and policy, is a senior director of the Agri-Food Analytics Lab at Dalhousie University and co-host of The Food Professor Podcast. He is frequently cited in the media for his insights on food prices, agricultural trends, and the global food supply chain.

© Troy Media.

Canola Council of Canada Responds to China’s Anti-Dumping Investigation

By Harry Siemens Davison.

The Canola Council of Canada (CCC) responded to China’s Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) formally initiating an anti-dumping investigation into Canadian canola seed imports on September 9, 2024.

The investigation examines the potential dumping from January 1 to December 31, 2023, and assesses industry injury from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023.

MOFCOM self-initiated the investigation, not at the request of domestic industry, and identified multiple exporters for scrutiny. Chris Davison, CCC president and CEO, emphasized that the Council continues to engage with government officials to coordinate Canada’s response and support for the canola industry.

“We are in close communication with government officials regarding the implications of the investigation and the need for a coordinated approach,” Davison stated.

He noted that this marks the beginning of the investigation and that ongoing assessment is necessary to determine its impact on Canadian canola.

The CCC reaffirmed its commitment to rules-based trade and fair market access, ensuring the competitiveness of Canadian canola in the Chinese market.

On September 3, China’s Ministry of Commerce announced an anti-dumping investigation into Canadian canola seed imports. This move followed Canada’s decision to impose tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles, steel and aluminium.

“China is an important and valued market for Canadian canola,” said

“We are confident that an investigation into Canada’s canola trade with China will demonstrate alignment with and reinforce our support for rules-based trade.”

Cam Dahl, general manager of the Manitoba Pork Council, suggested before the official Chinese announcement that all Canadian agriculture should pay close attention to what China did with Canadian canola.

The government of Canada has just announced a 100% tariff on Chinese electric vehicles and 25% on Chinese steel and aluminium.

“I think we can assume that China is going to retaliate against that,” he predicted before the September 3 announcement by China. “Where do you think they’re going to retaliate against? It’s going to be agriculture,” said Dahl.

Dahl said the pork sector is not alone in this, referring to the previous battle between China and some Canadian canola firms with issues affecting price and exports.

Earlier, the Chinese targeted beef and the Chinese government almost inevitably targeted agriculture and Canada’s agriculture exports when expressing displeasure with Canada.

In 2019, China banned Canadian meat imports, which many believed was a diplomatic response following Canada’s detention of Huawei’s chief executive officer, Meng Wanzhou. Officially, China cited the use of banned feed additives in Canadian meat as the reason for the ban, but the industry widely viewed it as part of the broader rift between Ottawa and Beijing. This situation exemplifies how agricultural exports, including meat, often

Chris Davison, Canola Council of Canada president and CEO, emphasized that the Council continues to engage with government officials to coordinate Canada’s response to China’s anti-dumping investigation to ensure support for the canola industry. Submitted photo

become targets during political disputes between nations.

“So how are western Canadian jobs and agriculture exports going to be protected if that happens?” asked Dahl.

He suggested that’s a question that somebody should ask now.

“If that retaliation comes—and yeah, we’re protecting Canadian manufacturing jobs that shouldn’t come at the expense of our agriculture producers and food manufacturers,” said Dahl.

As one industry posted, imposing a prohibitive tariff on electric vehicles from China could have unintended consequences for other Canadian sectors, especially agriculture, which heavily relies on Chinese buyers. While such measures might protect jobs in the automobile industry, they risk provoking retaliatory actions from China, which has previously targeted Canadian agricultural exports like canola, pork, and beef during diplomatic disputes.

Fort Whyte Farms Works with Youth, Community

By Elmer Heinrichs Erin Froese,

Every September Fort Whyte Farms near Winnipeg celebrates its annual fall supper.

Fort Whyte Farms is a microcosm of everything that is involved in growing food from preparing the garden for planting, starting seedlings, transplanting seedlings and navigating the vagaries of Manitoba’s weather all the way to managing pest issues, harvesting, and experimenting with mouth watering recipes as well as unique methods of preserving food.

The fields at the farm are brimming with field crops – row upon row of beets, carrots garlic, onions, beans eggplant, squash, herbs, salad greens, potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers broccoli, cabbage and more.

“The whole point of the farm is our youth programming,” explains

the farm’s harvest and logistics coordinator. “As much as we’re excited by the garden, it’s really a tool for working with and supporting youth and providing an employment opportunity.”

Fort Whyte Farms works with schools in the Pembina Trails School Division as well as a handful of schools in the Winnipeg School Division – R.B. Russell Vocational is one example and youth service organizations such as N.E.E.D.S. Inc. and The Link.

Students are selected by their teachers or guidance counsellors, says Owen Campbell, the farms’ social enterprise manager, and come to the farm once a week for about 18 weeks throughout the year for a couple of hours each week. There is the opportunity for experiential learning – starting seedlings in the spacious passive solar greenhouse,

volunteering in the wood shop, assisting in the on-site commercial food kitchen – and benefiting from working on the land.

There is also an opportunity for some of the students for summer employment at the farm. Fourteen are doing so now helping to do the harvest, all the cleaning of the harvested produce, and all the packing, says Campbell.

“It’s not just that youth are learning gardening skills,” says Froese. “They are also learning employment skills, problem solving, how to work as part of a team, how to make a lunch to take to work, along with cooking skills and woodworking.

The harvest supper, which includes a range of farm fresh vegetables and fruits grown on the farm, is an important fund-raiser for Fort Whyte Farms.

Are We Losing Control Over What We Eat?

AI is changing the food industry, and we need to pay attention

By Sylvain Charlebois

Less than five percent of people really understand how our food goes from farm to table. A quick look at social media shows that misinformation spreads faster than scientific facts, and many people struggle to find reliable information.

Whether it’s GMOs, organic foods, buying local, climate change, or corporate greed in agri-food, most people just don’t grasp the full picture, even with efforts from the media and experts. This lack of understanding could worsen with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI).

As bestselling author Yuval Noah Harari points out in his book Nexus, AI could make people more disconnected from many aspects of their lives, including food. While some compare AI’s rise to the internet revolution, the two aren’t the same. The internet is a tool, but AI can act independently, making decisions for us. This could lead to a situation where people are even less engaged with food systems than they are now, which is a real concern.

AI is currently playing a significant role in the food industry, bringing both advantages and challenges:

Efficiency and waste reduction: AI is helping food manufacturers improve their supply chains, predict customer demand, and reduce food waste. By accurately forecasting what customers will want, companies can produce the right amount of food, potentially cutting waste by up to 35 percent.

Personalized nutrition: AI is being used to offer personalized dietary advice tailored to individual preferences and health needs. This growing market could revolutionize how we approach nutrition, providing customized plans to millions of people based on their unique requirements.

Food safety: AI enhances food safety by monitoring contamination risks and helping companies comply with regulations. This makes the food supply chain safer and more reliable, reducing the risks of food borne illnesses.

Job replacement: AI can potentially replace many jobs in the agrifood sector, particularly in management roles. It can optimize processes like logistics, waste management, and resource planning, which may lead to significant changes in the industry and create job disruptions.

New food products: AI could create custom foods and flavours based on personal preferences and even design new, self-sustaining food systems. Imagine AI recreating historical recipes or developing ethical food systems that address climate change faster than we can today.

But while AI offers clear benefits, there are also serious ethical concerns

Influencing consumer behaviour: AI could give more power to those who control data, shaping our food choices and behaviour. Dynamic pricing and advanced marketing techniques might make it harder to tell what’s true or fair. Consumers could end up disadvantaged, unaware of how their preferences are being manipulated. Cultural impact: AI might influence our food cravings, shape culinary trends, and even erode culinary traditions. Food is deeply tied to culture, traditions, and personal preferences – can AI truly improve these human aspects, or will it harm cultural diversity?

Widening inequality: Wealthier individuals could access better, AIoptimized diets, while poorer communities might be stuck with less nutritious options. This inequality already exists, but AI could make it worse, widening the gap between the rich and the poor. AI could potentially completely reshape the way we think about food. While it aims to make food production more efficient, we must ensure it doesn’t erode local autonomy or food identities. It’s crucial to involve everyone in discussions about how AI is used in food and agriculture and to create regulations that prevent power from being concentrated in the hands of a few.

Finally, while AI holds enormous potential to revolutionize the food industry, it’s vital that we remain cautious about its broader impacts on society. AI is transforming how we produce, consume, and think about food, and it’s up to us to ensure these changes are positive and equitable.

Canadian Farmers Lead Global Hunger Relief

Efforts with Renewed Government Support

By Harry Siemens

With the harvest underway across Canada, the Canadian Foodgrains Bank has secured a four-year, $100 million funding renewal from the Government of Canada. This support, amounting to $25 million annually until 2028, will provide emergency food assistance in response to global humanitarian crises caused by conflict, climate emergencies, and natural disasters.

The Canadian Foodgrains Bank and its 15 member agencies expressed gratitude for the crucial contribution from the Government of Canada, which will help meet the growing demand for food aid in regions impacted by crises worldwide.

Andy Harrington, the executive director, became involved with the Canadian Foodgrains Bank after years of experience in international development. He worked with refugees in places like Croatia and Bosnia and also supported vulnerable youth in Canada. For eight years prior to joining Foodgrains, Harrington served as CEO of an international development agency focused on education in East and Central Africa. Through various associations, his work intersected with Foodgrains, leading him to be a candidate to replace his colleague, Jim Cornelius. The board asked Harrington to take on the role nearly five years ago.

Securing funding from the federal government is not automatic. While the Cana-

dian Foodgrains Bank has received funding in the past, each grant lasts for a defined period, most recently, three years from 2021 to 2024.

“After each period, the organization must reapply, reassess projects, and meet new criteria,” said the executive director. The application process takes about 18 months, and although their track record is strong, every grant must be newly earned, requiring significant effort to prove the effectiveness of their work.

The Canadian Foodgrains Bank focuses on three key areas worldwide. First, they provide emergency food assistance during crises like droughts, cyclones, conflicts, and extreme hunger through food, cash, or vouchers. Second, they work on building resilience by helping smallholder farmers improve agricultural practices, such as using drought-resistant crops and conservation agriculture, to better prepare communities for future crises. Third, they engage in public education in Canada, raising awareness about global hunger issues and the importance of Canada’s leadership in addressing food insecurity.

That goes back to the adage, “If you give a man a fish, he eats for a day, and if you teach him how to fish, he eats for a lifetime.”

That phrase perfectly captures the long-term approach of the Canadian Foodgrains Bank. While they provide immediate food aid in times of crisis, they also focus on

teaching communities to be self-sufficient through improved agricultural practices and resilience-building programs. By empowering smallholder farmers with sustainable farming techniques, they ensure that these communities can continue to thrive and overcome future challenges, not just survive the current ones. This holistic approach creates lasting change rather than temporary relief.

Harrington said the Canadian Foodgrains Bank takes pride in showing the realworld impact of its work. Rated as one of Canada’s top 10 charities by Charity Intelligence, the organization focuses on direct community aid without intermediaries.

In a recent trip to Rwanda, staff witnessed the transformation of farming practices, like conservation agriculture, which dramatically increased yields. One woman, Jeanette, shared how her sweet potato harvest grew from a few small potatoes to an abundant crop.

“This improvement allowed her to send her children to school and achieve financial independence by selling the surplus,” said Harrington.

The Foodgrains Bank announced a $100 million grant over four years to help combat hunger worldwide on a farm in Abbotsford, BC, with the support of the Dykshoorn family farm, long-time backers of the Canadian Foodgrains Bank.

“This heritage of working with farmers across Canada is key to our mission. I shared with Ahmed Hussen, Minister of International Development, that this work represents Canadian leadership, as local farmers support communities in need globally,” said Harrington. “With the help of our supporters, this grant aims to save lives, alleviate suffering, and affirm human dignity.”

Minister Hussen said addressing global hunger is important to ensure that the world’s most vulnerable communities have access to essential food and nutrition, especially during crises.

“This highlights Canada’s ongoing commitment to supporting those in need through collaborative efforts to ensure food security in vulnerable regions,” said the federal government minister.

Young people from Denhere village in Zimbabwe offloading mealie meal from a truck in November 2021. This food assistance was provided by Zimbabwe Council of Churches, local partner of Foodgrains Bank member United Church of Canada.

Minister of International Development Ahmed Hussen and Canadian Foodgrains Bank executive director Andy Harrington at press conference announcing $100 million in emergency food assistance funding for Canadian Foodgrains Bank.

Photo by Laura Brookes

Photo by KB Mpofu

Selling Local Beef through a Vending Machine

By Harry Siemens

The E Butchery on Main in Russell, MB is North America’s first meat vending machine business, created by Nerbas Bros. Angus. It allows consumers to purchase fresh, locally sourced meat in portions they choose at any time.

Inspired by European models, this innovation merges traditional farming with modern technology, addressing challenges like payment processing and product weight management. The community response has been positive, and people see the model as a way to support local agriculture and provide convenient access to meat.

Arron Nerbas, a partner in both businesses, the E Butchery on Main and the farm Nerbas Bros. Angus a thirdgeneration farmer explained their shift in strategy.

“We’ve been selling direct-to-consumer products in some form for about five years, some on our own and some with partners to supply the Winnipeg market,” said Nerbas.

Initially, they hesitated to sell locally due to price concerns, as rural customers often prefer to avoid paying city prices.

“We didn’t want to sell at farmers markets or in bulk at meeting points,” he explained about exploring alternative methods to reach consumers effectively.

In January 2023, Nerbas travelled to England to speak at a breeder’s conference. While he didn’t encounter vending machines there, he made valuable connections and observed trends on Twitter and Facebook. He noticed farm shops in England incorporating self-service vending machines. Nerbas connected with a vendor in England who sells and services these machines through his network, purchasing a model from China that was shipped directly for use in his operations.

He described the unit as a weigh freezer that operates as a smart freezer that sells by weight. It has 20 trays, each programmed for specific products with a price per kilogram. When a product, like a blade roast, is removed, the machine calculates the exact weight and charges accordingly.

“We thought a system like this might work because, in small communities, people often can’t buy for convenience, they have to purchase in bulk, which requires a lot of money and freezer space,” said Nerbas.

The smart freezer lets cus-

tomers buy directly from a local farmer, even just one steak or a package of ground beef at a time.

“It’s a neat alternative that no one has done before in North America,” he said.

The pricing is slightly above a newly established Co-op store’s regular prices.

“We could market our product to people in Winnipeg who might pay more, but on a local scale, it’s not possible,” said Nerbas.

The goal was to keep it fair and accessible to the local community.

The system charges the customer based on the programmed price per kilogram. When closing the door, it locks, completes the transaction, and charges the debit or credit card. He said this setup is effective because, in small communities, people typically can’t buy meat in convenient portions. Instead they often have to buy large quantities like a quarter, half, or whole animal, which requires a significant amount of money and ample freezer space.

“This system offers a solution by allowing customers to purchase smaller, more convenient portions directly from local farmers,” he said.

Nerbas took a chance and bought a building and remodelled it into a retail space, inventory room, and extra storage. The small retail area in front is about 14 by 20 feet. He explained that they sell frozen meat products to avoid the logistics and shelflife issues associated with fresh products, emphasizing that frozen meat is as good as fresh.

Nerbas said that, with approval from Manitoba Health, their store operates

under a hawker’s permit, which requires adhering to specific standards. All the meat sold in their store comes directly from their farm, processed by Cut-Rite Meats in Neepawa, MB, just down the road. Here, they process the meat, package it, freeze it, and deliver it back to their store for sale, ensuring transparency and quality

for their customers.

He said that the response to their new vending system is positive, driven by its novelty and the curiosity it generates. While it might not appeal to everyone, Nerbas believes it will attract loyal customers who appreciate its offer.

Regarding the variety of cuts available, Nerbas emphasizes a “nose to tail”

philosophy, aiming to use all parts of the animal efficiently. He highlights a major issue in the current food system where nutrient-dense organs are often undervalued and discarded. Nerbas is committed to creatively using every part of the animal, not just focusing on high-quality steaks or ground beef.

The business model re-

volves around an automated, self-serve system where customers can access the building using a membership PIN code, allowing them to shop at their convenience. While there will be designated pickup or open days for those who prefer in-person interaction, the primary focus is on the self-serve, automated experience.

The E Butchery on Main in Russell, MB is North America’s first meat vending machine business, created by Nerbas Bros. Angus.

The unit operates as a weigh freezer, a smart freezer that sells by weight. It has 20 trays, each programmed for specific products with a price per kilogram.

The Nerbas family took a chance and bought a building and remodelled it into a retail space, inventory room, and extra storage. The small retail area in front is about 14 by 20 feet.

Photos from Facebook / E Butchery

Farm Women’s Conference Announces 2024 Scholarship Winners

The Manitoba Farm Women’s Conference (MFWC) is proud to announce the recipients of its 2024 scholarships. Each year, MFWC awards two $500 scholarships to deserving young women who are pursuing careers in agriculture. This year’s winners, Lainie Muir and Madisyn Robertson, are exceptional representatives of the next generation of agricultural leaders in Manitoba.

Lainie Muir: Growing a Career in Soil Science

Lainie Muir, from Glenella, MB, is one of the 2024 MFWC scholarship recipients. Muir and her mother operate Crossing Angus, a purebred and commercial black Angus cow-calf operation. Currently in her third year at the University of Saskatchewan, Muir is majoring in Soil Science as part of her Bachelor of Science in Agriculture program.

Beyond academics, Muir is deeply involved in the university community, actively participating in the Livestock Judging, Beef, and Range teams. She also serves as a student representative for the Soil Science Department at numerous AgBio events.

Muir is no stranger to agriculture outside the classroom, either. A former 4-H Manitoba member, she continues to volunteer and is actively involved in the Canadian Junior Angus Association (CJA), where she has held roles such as Manitoba Director and Secretary. She is currently the CJA Junior Ambassador.

Muir’s experiences, both locally and internationally, have fostered a deep passion

for the agriculture industry, and she plans to return to Manitoba after completing her degree. She hopes to balance her cow herd’s development with a career in soil health research, while also expanding her connections in the Canadian agricultural community.

Madisyn Robertson: Carrying on a Farming Legacy

Madisyn Robertson, the second recipient of the 2024 MFWC scholarship, hails from a fifth-generation farm southwest of Neepawa, MB. Her family’s operation grows cereals, canola, soybeans, and operates a commercial cow-calf operation. Robertson is currently enrolled at the University of Saskatchewan in the College of Agriculture and BioResources, where she is pursuing a degree in animal sciences.

Robertson is building her own cow herd, which includes ten commercial females, as well as purebred Charolais, Angus, and Limousin cattle. A passionate advocate for agriculture, she has been a long-time participant in 4-H, serving as president and vice presi-

dent of the Neepawa & Area 4-H Beef Club. She is also the current president of the Manitoba Junior Charolais Association and secretary of the Canadian Charolais Youth Association.

Her agricultural involvement extends to participation in several national and provincial events, including the Manitoba Youth Beef Round-Up, Canadian Charolais Youth Association conferences, and the Royal Manitoba Winter Fair, among others. Outside of agriculture, Robertson is an accomplished athlete, having played AAA softball and making the Team Manitoba Senior Women’s Baseball team.

Robertson’s future plans involve returning to her family’s farm to continue the legacy started by generations before her.

The MFWC is dedicated to supporting the future of agriculture in Manitoba by offering these scholarships to young women who are passionate about farming and agriculture. Applications for the 2025 scholarships will be available on the MFWC website at mfwc.ca.

Cereals Canada Builds Connections

By Elmer Heinrichs

From an unassuming downtown Winnipeg building, Cereals Canada runs a sophisticated technical and international market outreach operation in support of the nation’s multibillion-dollar grain industry. As both domestic and international activity expands, Cereals Canada is now planning a fund-raising campaign for a new facility to meet the needs of the next generation of customers.

Boasting pasta and noodle-

making facilities, and a bakery and flour mill, it plays host to international delegations year-round, furthering the goal of multi-cultural use of Canada’s high-quality premium grains.

A non-profit organization funded by its members from up and down the supply chain (it does not sell grain and is not government funded), Cereals Canada provides pre-market promotion of the commodity and after-market support.

“We help align the Canadian value chain with what

Harvest Operations Move into Home Stretch

By Elmer Heinrichs

Dry conditions and unseasonably warm temperatures led to strong progress as farmers harvested more of the 2024 crop before the rains came halting most harvests on the week end.

Manitoba’s harvest is now more than half finished as producers continued to make rapid progress. Yield reports range from 25 to 90 bu/ac in spring wheat, 80-180 bu/acre in oats and 90 to 115 bu/acre in barley. Canola harvest continues and is approximately 49 per cent complete. The weekly crop report on Tuesday pegged the overall provincial harvest at 55 per cent done, up from 40 per cent a week earlier.

The central region led the way at an estimated 68 per cent complete, followed by the eastern region at 54 per cent, southwest and the Interlake, over half, and the northeast region at 39 per cent.

Fall rye and winter wheat harvests are com-

plete, with dry peas, barley and spring wheat coming off quickly. The canola harvest is 49 per cent done, with dry beans, 25 per cent off. Spring wheat yield estimates range from 60 to 90 bu/acre, with an average of 70 bu/ acre in the central and eastern regions.

Oat yield estimates range from 80-180 bu/acre and barley from 90 to 115 bu/ acre. Swathing and pre-harvest applications are ongoing in canola. The central region canola harvest has reached 70 per cent completion. For dry beans, there is a wide range of yields, from 500 to 3,500 lbs/acre.

Producers are busy applying pre-harvest herbicide, swathing, cutting and harvesting. Harvest has been slower for some due to increased straw production due to moist condition early in the year and some lodging. Cover crop seeding is wrapping up as mid-September approaches.

With the warm fall, the corn crop is progressing rapidly and will likely reach physiological maturity before a killing frost. Corn silage harvest has begun but high

moisture is a concern. In eastern region, the weather allowed producers to make rapid progress on harvesting and field work. Unsettled weather with rainfall rolled into the region Monday bringing activity to a standstill as producers waited to see what would unfold.

The canola harvest here was 40 per cent complete with yields ranging from 35 to 55 bushels an acre, with an average of around 43 bu/ ac. The overall condition of the sunflower crop is good, and pre-harvest applications on flax are complete with harvest expected soon. Dairy producers have completed third cut harvest in eastern Manitoba while beef cattle producers continue a second cut of tame hay fields. Harvest of native forages is progressing and many producers are baling straw and the corn silage harvest is underway.

Cattle on pasture are in good condition, well-managed pastures look excellent with a combination of stockpiled forage and green re-growth, and dugouts are adequate.

our customers will need for years to come. We are like a liaison between the Canadian value chain and their customers,” says CEO Dean Dias.

It is a busy operation. Between 2021 and 2023, it undertook 81 programs, with more than 3,000 participants from 69 countries. Canadian grain is exported to 80 countries and while the majority of it is grown in the Prairies, wheat is grown in every province. Processing also takes place across the country.

Lainie Muir (left) and Madisyn Robertson (right) are the recipients of the 2024 MFWC scholarships.

Submitted photos

Langruth Cattle Producer Looks at Slowly Expanding if Conditions Remain

By Harry Siemens

of the country, which have led producers to downsize their herds. Low cattle numbers affect market prices and supply, as a smaller herd means fewer animals for slaughter and sale.

right, we might push to 400 or even more this year,” Teichroeb says. “The final decision hinges on feed availability, with the remaining silage still to be factored in before making adjustments.”

Teichroeb is optimistic about his current situation, especially with a solid carryforward feed inventory.

“All in all, we’re looking outstanding,” he shared, emphasizing that he is in one of the best positions regarding feed availability. As he manages his herd and considers future expansions, this substantial inventory puts him in a favourable position for the coming seasons.

The US cattle herd has reached a historic low, marking a 60-year number drop. This reduction is mainly due to drought conditions in parts

He sees a mix of trends in the cattle business in Manitoba, with some producers downsizing while others, like himself, are exploring different strategies. Teichroeb plans to buy calves for feeding this year, as softened grain markets have made feeding more affordable.

Last year, Distillers Dried Grains (DDG) a by-product of the ethanol production process, primarily from corn, were priced at $350 per metric ton, but this year under $250, making feeding less challenging. Because of this favourability Teichroeb is considering gently increasing his numbers and balancing feed costs and cattle prices, as corn prices also remain soft.

The current economic conditions in the cattle industry make it challenging to rebuild herds. While corn and DDG prices have softened, reducing feed costs, it still isn’t an ideal time to expand herds due to market dynam-

ics he said. Many producers are holding off on increasing their herd sizes, focusing instead on maximizing the benefits of favourable prices. Tax considerations at the end of the year may influence decisions to build slightly if it provides a financial advantage, but stability is the key approach for now.

Teichroeb explained that steer calves, especially at the top end of the market, are expected to fetch around $2,500 each this year. However, it is challenging to judge the exact pricing as the fall run has yet to begin fully. While he is looking to maintain his current herd size, the cost of calves is a significant factor. He may make slight adjustments if financial conditions allow, but the high prices make expansion difficult. Managing numbers and offsetting income taxes could influence decisions to increase the herd size.

He is cautiously navigating the risks of feeding about 450 calves through the winter, planning to market them in the spring while slightly increasing his herd. With high calf prices and market volatility, Teichroeb emphasizes protecting against po-

tential risks, especially given the high prices. He notes that markets have held up so far, and with the Canadian dollar weak, much of the cattle fed in Canada go to American buyers.

Securing labour and maintaining infrastructure in feedlots and processing plants are important to keep the cattle business running smoothly. He explains that while considerable market opportunities exist, profitability remains

thin, and producers must find ways to protect themselves economically. Tools like forward contracting, and livestock price insurance help manage financial risks. As long as these measures are in place, Teichroeb is optimistic that the cattle industry can sustain itself despite market pressures.

For established farmers with equity and existing infrastructure, maintaining their operations is manageable.

However, given soaring land and equipment prices, entering the industry now is nearly impossible without a family succession plan. He advises staying well-informed and sticking closely to proven methods, especially for those in it for the long term.

“New entrants face steep challenges, but those with support systems, like family equity, are better positioned to succeed in today’s market,” he said.

“I am grateful to my crew for this cattle drive today. I am especially grateful to Leonard Boles, a gentleman I consider a great friend, who sold me the palomino in this picture, Gemini, AKA Dint, forever grateful,” says Tom Teichroeb, a rancher from Langruth, Manitoba.

“That is what 16.5 inches of rain in 5 weeks looks like,” said Tom Teichroeb who ranches from Langruth, Manitoba. Photo by Tom Teichroeb on July 6, 2024

Photo submitted by Tom Teichroeb

Lallemand’s Generosity Lights Up Ste. Rose Court Project with $5,000 Donation

The Ste. Rose Court Project will receive a $5,000 cheque, thanks to area farmer Shelly Brunel, who was announced as the Manitoba winner of Lallemand’s 2024 Home town Roots photo contest.

As the contest winner, Brunel had the privilege of choosing a hometown organization to receive a $5,000 donation from Lallemand, and her reaction was one of excitement to be able to give

back to a project very close to her family and community.

“Our son started the Court Project with his friend. They saw a need for a basketball court in the community,” says Brunel. “With this donation from Lallemand we are hoping to finish the final phase of adding lighting to the court to make it a safer space youth can use long after dark. The youth in our town are very excited about it. Thank you Lallemand! This donation means a lot to our community.”

says Anne Favre, Strategic Marketing Director – USA & Canada, Lallemand Plant Care. “We’re proud of this initiative and are thrilled to have selected a winner who truly captured the essence of what this photo contest was about.”

“We are a farm family living in a small community, and we all work together to make our community a better place for our youth. Family is the core of any farm. We are a fifth-generation farm, and the kids are always excited when they get to ride along and work with their dad and grandpa. This picture represents the future, not only of our farm but our community. Eagerly waiting his turn to ride in the tractor and take part in seeding our next crop.”

- Shelly Brunel

Launched in 2022, the Hometown Roots Contest by Lallemand was designed to support rural communities by giving back to community-based organizations. This year, the contest evolved into a photo competition, inviting participants to capture and share the true spirit of agriculture in their communities. From candid shots of daily farm life to moments that capture the heart of rural living, the entries were a vivid display of creativity and pride.

“As a family-owned business, this contest allows us to continue our tradition of giving back to the communities that have supported us,”

The contest ran from November 2023 through July 2024. Participants were invited to take a photo that celebrated agriculture and their community and upload it along with a brief summary of how the photo represents what makes their community or farm special. They could submit one photo per week, and no purchase of any kind was necessary to enter or win.

Three prizes were awarded in Canada: three $5,000 cheques payable to a local community organization or charity of the winner’s choice, one prize each for Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan. Winners have also been selected in both Saskatchewan and Alberta. Since its inception in 2021, the Hometown Roots Contest has enabled Lallemand to award 20 participants with a connection to agriculture in Canada and the US, donating $100,000 to their local communities.

Canada’s Farms Produce More Than Food

By Elmer Heinrichs

Access to healthy, affordable food is top of mind for Canadian consumers. We are fortunate to have hardworking farmers and ranchers who grow and raise safe and nutritious food here at home. It’s easy to connect good food with farming, but the concept of how farming produces other environmental benefits is lesser known and might surprise you. On Canada’s Agriculture Day, Ducks Unlimited Canada (DUC) wants consumers to know that Canadian farms produce more than food. The land used to grow and raise our food also stores carbon, provides biodiversity habitat, filters our water and helps mitigate the impacts of climate change like flooding and drought.

A Great Way to Help Make On-farm Decisions - Poll Your Neighbour

By Harry Siemens

12 bushels. Another 24% require 14 bushels per acre, and the largest group, 36.4%, need 15 or more bushels per acre to cover costs. These results reflect the varying economic pressures on farmers depending on their yield.

Hofford, in another poll conducted on September 13, asked fellow farmers about their canola marketing strategies given current prices. Of 84 votes, 54.8% plan to hold their canola until prices improve, 27.4% intend to sell the minimum required for cash flow, and 17.9% are looking to sell it all before prices drop further. He prefers to run only one poll at a time to generate more interest. Upon a suggestion, he ran the second poll later

but expected about half of the respondents would plan to hold their canola, hoping for a market rebound. While he remains hopeful, Hofford acknowledges that if the situation with China keeps prices low, farmers will need to explore alternatives for next year. He’s currently researching other crops, including revisiting flax, as a potential option in case the market for canola remains unfavourable.

Hofford farms a relatively small operation by today’s standards, covering about 1,200 acres of canola and wheat. He runs a small cattle operation with around 35 to 40 cows along with his crops. While the farm is smaller than many modern

Time to Clean Up Our Gardens for Winter

By Joan Airey

It feels like all I’ve done the last few weeks is make apple pies for the freezer and the harvest crew. We have four varieties, Patterson, Heyer 12, Prairie Magic (my favourite) and Goodlands, in our yard and they all produced a great crop. I still have more Goodlands to pick and put away for winter and put a few Prairie Magic in the fridge for eating and the rest went into pies yesterday. I precook my pies before freezing and defrost them by putting them into the oven turning it to 300F for an hour. My friend Joyce cooks her pies after freezing them from frozen state by putting them in a hot oven.

T&T’s recent newsletter suggested bringing herbs in that thrive in containers indoors and are suited to indoor environments. Basil, parsley, chives, mint, and thyme are excellent choices as they adapt well indoor conditions

and provide a variety of culinary uses. Personally, I’m only bringing in a parsley plant I’ve had growing on my deck all summer. It will receive a good wash before coming in as I’m always afraid of bringing in bugs.

Hope to start some herbs indoors under lights. I have two Chesapeake pepper plants growing in pots on the deck that I plan to bring in as they do well indoors. A friend bought one in and it produced all winter and the next summer outdoors.

This morning, we had rain or I would be pulling my onions to dry. Every time I plan to do it has rained so the next dry day it has to be my priority. My potato crop is small compared to other years and it can’t be from lack of moisture as we had lots of rain and we also water our garden.

Our carrots can stay outdoors for a while and we haven’t used many because the grandchildren and my

husband like to eat as much corn as they can fresh from the garden. I store my carrots in bags inside an extra fridge in the store room. First I’ll make holes in the bag with a big kitchen fork and also put several sheets of paper towel in the bag to keep carrots from getting too moist. I’ve just put the end of last year’s crop in the compost bin.

Hope everyone had a good garden harvest. When the garden is cleaned up, I guess I will have to start using the harvest from the cold room and freezer.

Don’t forget to mark down what varieties you want to grow again next year. I shared some pepper plants with a friend and she wanted to know the variety so she could grow them again. I thought we may as well share plants again as I always start too many so marked that variety to order again in 2025. Definitely will be growing Rachel Corn from Vesey’s again.

operations, he makes the most of his resources, balancing crop production and livestock, growing wheat and canola in 2024.

While wishing for more, he estimates a 40-bushel average for his canola crop in their area, and his wheat harvest was especially successful in quality and quantity. Despite market prices being low, he’s happy with the wheat yields. As for canola, he’s opting to store it for now, as his cash flow needs are covered. He mentioned that this approach is com-

mon across western Canada, where farmers are holding out for better prices, given the high production input costs this year.

Hofford started farming with his dad, initially working on four quarters of land in the early 90s. However, with a bleak outlook for agriculture, he pursued a career in technology and worked out west for a period. When his dad became ill, he returned home to take over the farm, which had been seeded down to hay and was unproductive. After his father

passed away, Hofford and his family bought the land from his mother, expanded by purchasing more land, and are now working to grow the operation further.

One farmer from Bowsman, MB, keeps posting polls and surveys on X/Twitter and

Ryan and Amy Hofford with their two children.

While wishing for more, Ryan Hofford who farms near Bowsman, MB estimates a 40-bushel average for his canola crop.

Ryan Hofford’s wheat harvest near Bowsman, MB this year has been highly successful, both in terms of quality and quantity.

Submitted photos

Unlocking Growth: A Roadmap for Boosting Ag Productivity

By Harry Siemens

Canadian agriculture faces opportunities and challenges as it seeks to boost productivity in an ever-evolving economic environment. J.P.

Gervais, Vice President of Strategy and Impact at Farm Credit Canada (FCC), recently outlined the critical factors shaping the industry during two specific farm events in Winnipeg, MB. From inflation and interest rates to commodity prices and trade tensions, Gervais emphasized the importance of improving efficiency, scal-

productivity growth in the sector has plateaued, and addressing these challenges is key to ensuring future success in Canadian agriculture and food production.

One attendant liked Gervais’ outlook for Canada’s agricultural sector, which combined data and insights. The main focus was on the importance of productivity growth in agriculture - improving efficiency, scale, or innovation. He noted that Canada lags behind the US in productivity, particularly after hitting a plateau in recent years. This aligns with the challenges in the hog in-

dustry, where returns on investment have been tough to come by, especially in western Canada.

Gervais said productivity growth has slowed over the last 10 to 20 years.

“Productivity sounds like a boardroom term, but it’s about producing more with fewer inputs. This slowdown impacts profitability and competitiveness, raising concerns about Canada’s role as a world leader in agriculture,” he said.

He also stressed the importance of innovation, efficiency, and scaling operations to rekindle productivity growth

in the sector.

“The low-hanging fruits are gone. We’ve made great strides in productivity and sustainability, but now we must innovate further,” said Gervais.

Gervais stressed the importance of adopting new technologies such as automation and data analysis, including A.I. and precision agriculture. He also emphasized the role of financial institutions in providing capital solutions to help farmers grow sustainably, allowing the industry to meet future productivity demands.

He emphasized the importance of facilitating technology adoption in farming, acknowledging that while early adopters integrate innovations like A.I. and precision agriculture, the broader industry still needs support.

“It’s that second wave of farmers,” he said, “who may be hesitant about how technology fits their farm’s size or business model.”

Gervais highlighted the need for collaboration across government, businesses, financial institutions, and suppliers to encourage widespread adoption of existing technologies, positioning it as a critical step toward im-

proving productivity in Canadian agriculture.

He pointed to the aging population as a key issue.

“The farm sector is no different than the overall Canadian trend stressing that future labour shortages are inevitable,” he said.

It’s important to reduce the dependence on labour through automation while recognizing the need for highly skilled labour.

“We won’t be able to automate everything, and the labour required will need greater expertise due to the sophistication of data and technology driving production,” said Gervais.

Streamlining efforts toward automation is essential for the future of Canadian agriculture. Adopting advanced technologies and automating as much as possible is the right direction to mitigate labour shortages and enhance productivity.

“Every step we take now to implement automation and adopt new technologies will be crucial in securing long-term success for the industry,” he said. “This approach aims to reduce dependence on labour and elevate the skills required for farming operations.”

The hog industry has seen positive profitability in 2024, primarily driven by lower feed prices. However, the industry expects the margins to tighten as we look toward the end of 2024 and into 2025. The global economy is slowing down, impacting demand in export markets, which is crucial for pork producers. Although 2025 might bring a more sustained global demand, any rise in feed prices could negate the benefits, making profitability harder to maintain. The hog industry remains volatile, where efficiency is essential due to consistently tight margins. Lower interest rates will likely boost the farm sector overall. Three Bank of Canada rate cuts have already occurred in 2024 and two more are expected by the year’s end, followed by up to five additional cuts projected for 2025, which could ease the burden on producers. High interest rates have hindered further investments in farm productivity. Still, as rates decrease, more favourable conditions should be created for producers to invest in equipment, technology, and other productivity-enhancing tools, helping to drive growth in the sector.

Manitoba Crop Alliance Commits Funding to Global Agriculture Technology Exchange

Manitoba Crop Alliance (MCA) has conditionally approved $2,655,587 in funding for Cereals Canada’s Global Agriculture Technology Exchange (Gate) initiative.

With this contribution, MCA joins Alberta Grains ($4,319,798) and the Saskatchewan Wheat Development Commission ($6,243,074) among grower organizations that have committed funding towards construction of the new facility, which is expected to cost approximately $100 million.

“Market development and access is a top priority for MCA and one of the core principles that guide our work,” says MCA chair Robert Misko. “This support for Gate will help Cereals Canada continue their valuable work in this area, which benefits Manitoba farmers and the entire cereals value chain.”

MCA’s investment is based on the business plan provided by Cereals Canada, which highlights the need for a new facility to help the cereals industry grow and thrive. This funding is conditional upon Cereals Canada securing the required financial support from government entities and other funding partners to cover the remaining projected costs.

MCA is a proud member of Cereals Canada and sees significant value in the market development and access initiatives the organization spearheads on behalf of its membership.

“As a Cereals Canada member, we are part of a united effort to drive the growth, maintenance and development of the Canadian cereals market, both domestically and internationally,” Misko says.

“Because Cereals Canada

is based in Winnipeg, we frequently collaborate on programming that facilitates direct engagement between Cereals Canada and our directors, delegates, staff and members, including technical exchanges and other farm tours.”

Over the last 50 years, Cereals Canada (and its predecessor, the Canadian International Grains Institute) has worked to advance the cereals value chain and built a reputation for training, testing and innovation within the industry. Cereals Canada needs a new facility to maintain this momentum and continue meeting global demand for high-quality Canadian grains.

MCA looks forward to working with Cereals Canada and other industry partners to ensure that Cereals Canada can continue its crucial work on behalf of Canadian farmers.

J.P. Gervais, Vice President of Strategy and Impact at Farm Credit Canada recently outlined the critical factors shaping the industry during two specific farm events in Winnipeg, MB.

Submitted photo

Province Taking Action to Protect Lake Winnipeg

By Harry Siemens

The Manitoba government recently announced the establishment of nutrient targets to protect Manitoba’s lakes and rivers for future generations.

Through the Water Protection Act, the Nutrient Targets Regulation will include Lake Winnipeg, the Red, Winnipeg, Saskatchewan and Dauphin rivers. It commits Manitoba to report regularly on progress towards implementing the targets and actions underway to reduce nutrient levels in waterbodies in Manitoba. This provides a measurable benchmark to effect real change in protecting Manitoba’s waterways.

“Farmers, including those in Manitoba’s hog sector, are taking significant steps to help address today’s environmental challenges, including protecting our lakes and waterways across the province,” said Rick Préjet, chair of Manitoba Pork.

“Manitoba’s hog sector is committed to being part of the solution in the future and protecting our environment, all while producing more food for consumers in Canada and worldwide. Having reliable data is a key step on this path forward.”

Environment and Climate Change Minister Tracy Schmidt said this is a significant step in protecting Manitobans’ water quality.

“This regulation for Lake Winnipeg and its tributaries sets the first-ever formal nutrient reduction target for improving water quality in Manitoba’s history. Establishing nutrient targets for our cherished rivers and lakes is essential in protecting those waterways for future generations,” said Schmidt.

Rick Préjet commended Minister Schmidt’s collaborative approach to addressing water quality concerns.

Gathering data, involving all stakeholders, and focusing on long-term strategies are important to address environmental challenges effectively. He believes the industry can contribute to sustainable solutions by reducing finger-pointing and focusing on facts. This cooperation will allow targeting specific areas of concern and finding the best ways to move forward, especially in protecting lake water quality.

He reemphasized the importance of not blaming one group for water quality issues. He pointed out the situation’s complexity, highlighting that multiple factors, including urban areas like Winnipeg and the vast watershed feeding into the lake, play a role.

Préjet believes it’s essential to recognize the size and scope of these contributing factors, which is why he ap-

preciates a fact-based, collaborative approach to finding solutions for the long-term benefit of the environment.

Préjet who is also a hog producer said the hog industry has already implemented regulations for managing manure, viewing it as a valuable resource due to rising fertilizer costs. Using soil and manure testing, producers strategically place manure to maximize crop benefits.

“Much of this is already in place, and technological advancements have drastically reduced water usage in pork production compared to 20-30 years ago,” said Préjet. “These are key steps the hog industry has taken to minimize nutrient runoff and improve environmental sustainability.”

He expresses confidence in the hog producers’ readiness to adapt if future data reveals additional steps to reduce nutrient runoff. Manitoba Pork already has a strong relationship with producers, built on respect and trust in the decisions made by the Pork Council.

With this foundation, he believes the industry will be receptive to any necessary improvements and continue collaborating to improve environmental sustainability. With the producers committed, any new actions will build on the existing efforts.

MCA Looking for Farmers to Join Winter Wheat Farm Research Program

Manitoba Crop Alliance’s Research on the Farm program conducts scientific research with farmer members – on their fields, with their own equipment. Farmers are involved in trial planning, establishment, treatment implementation and harvest. They are now accepting participants for Winter Wheat trials.

Trials are managed with the support and guidance of agronomists and staff trained in conducting on-farm trials. Protocols are simple to implement and developed using questions from farmer members.

The program objectives include involving farmers in the scientific method, in collaboration with research specialists, testing new practices or products over a wide range of farming environments to guide management decisions, ensuring that protocols are simple and practical to implement, and deter-

mining whether a practice is effective or not through assessment of economic and/or environmental parameters.

On-farm research benefits enrolled farmers by demonstrating how products or practices behave on their own farm. The research question is answered immediately – with results that are directly relevant to their soil type, environment and equipment.

In addition, on-farm research also benefits the industry-at-large. By involv-

ing farmers in the scientific method, results can be drawn from a wide range of environments. Data accumulates quickly and can be used to make inferences that are relevant over a wide geographical region.

For more information, or to participate in the Research on the Farm program, please contact Madison Kostal, Research & Production Coordinator with the Manitoba Crop Alliance at 204-362-3679 or by email at madison@mbcropalliance.ca.

He acknowledges that some groups seem more focused on stopping hog production than genuinely addressing environmental concerns. He notes that many past criticisms are no longer relevant as the hog industry has made significant strides in environmental sustainability. The industry continues to produce quality products at a reasonable price while adhering to

sustainable practices.

Préjet emphasizes the importance of collaboration with all stakeholders, expressing gratitude for the cooperative approach to addressing environmental issues and ensuring a solid future for the hog industry.

“This regulation is a welcome addition to the efforts to improve water quality across the Lake Winnipeg Basin,” said Ted Preister, executive director of the Red River Basin Commission.

The Red River Basin Commission believes these targets are essential in bringing Manitobans together to address threats to the precious waters. Provincial leadership in setting these goals is a major driver in promoting further action throughout the basin.

Through the Water Protection Act, the Nutrient Targets Regulation will include Lake Winnipeg and the Red, Winnipeg, Saskatchewan and Dauphin rivers. Image provided by Manitoba Pork

Manitoba Crop Alliance’s Research on the Farm program are now accepting participants for Winter Wheat trials. Submitted photo

Innovative Approaches for Efficient and Biosecure Farming

By Harry Siemens

Mara Rozitis leads Signature Swine Solutions, offering profit-driven consulting and practical support to the swine industry. With over 25 years of experience, Mara recognized the need for a service combining strategic consulting with hands-on farm assistance. This approach enhances productivity while engaging farm staff. While continuing with

Signature Swine Solutions, which integrates advanced techniques with practical leadership to boost production and cut costs in swine operations, Rozitis will add a new division to her company.

She still provides skilled temporary labour for staff shortages, illness, or production challenges to ensure smooth operations during critical periods. However,

she plans to become Waste Spectrum’s new distributor. They have just amalgamated with another company, so their brand will be Incinerates.

Rozitis expanded her offerings by becoming a distributor of UK-made incinerators, a vital biosecurity tool for hog farms. This innovation allows farms to manage mortalities on-site, eliminating the risks associated with

external trucks potentially contaminating the property. Controlling disposal within the farm significantly improves biosecurity. With her expertise in swine management, Mara is excited to introduce this opportunity to Canadian farms, offering a more secure and efficient method for handling farm waste.

Depending on the farm’s setup, the incinerator offers different fuel options, including diesel, propane, or natural gas. The equipment requires power to operate and a three-sided shelter in Canada’s climate to protect it from the elements. One side is left open with a large door for loading mortalities using a tractor.

“Once set up and plugged in, the process is simple - push a button, and the incinerator efficiently reduces mortalities to ash, enhancing biosecurity for hog producers. Currently, no farms in Canada are using this system,” she said.

Most farms rely on rendering companies or environmental waste dealers like GSL for mortality pickups, or they’re composting onsite. These methods are le-

gitimate and widely used, but the incinerator offers a cleaner, more efficient alternative noted Rozitis.

“It allows you to manage mortalities on your farm without needing external services. By controlling the disposal process, you ensure higher biosecurity, minimize contamination risks, and maintain a cleaner, safer farm environment,” she said.

She sees this method of disposal a step forward for farms wanting more control over biosecurity practices. Burning mortalities might provoke resistance, but when producers weigh the pros and cons, it makes sense for many farms. Trucks coming in and out for pickup use more fuel than incinerators, so it’s efficient. Plus, each vehicle going in and out of the yard poses a biosecurity risk. This unit will help reduce and even eliminate that extra traffic.

What got Rozitis going on this unit was seeing situations where farms couldn’t euthanize animals because they had no space to store mortalities until the truck came. This solution gives farmers more control.

She said the range of incin-

erators fit from small-scale operations with low waste output to large-scale farms requiring frequent, intensive waste disposal. These machines can handle waste from piglets, growers, sows, and finishers, offering flexibility for any size of operation. The models are ideal for pig producers looking to regain control over their waste management with efficient and reliable solutions that support biosecurity and operational efficiency.

Manitoba Government Announces New Chief Veterinary Officer

The Manitoba government has named Dr. Glen Duizer as its new chief veterinary officer, leading the province’s animal health, disease prevention and response programming.

“The chief veterinary officer is a leader in connecting the strength of Manitoba’s agricultural and agri-processing sectors with animal and human health,” said Agriculture Minister Ron Kostyshyn. “Dr. Duizer’s extensive experience and expertise in animal health, emergency planning and response and epidemiology and his strong relationships with livestock and poultry stakeholders and veterinarians will help guide our work protecting animal and human health, and we are excited to welcome him to this role.”

Dr. Duizer graduated as a doctor of veterinary medicine from the University of Prince Edward Island in 1995 and obtained a master of science in epidemiology in 2015. He has been with Manitoba Agriculture since 2005 and has 10 years prior experience as a clinical veterinarian in food animal and mixed animal practices.

Manitoba’s chief veterinarian, chief veterinary office, provincial veterinarian for animal welfare and other stakeholders work together to protect animals, food and people. The chief veterinary office is responsible for leading disease planning, prevention, surveillance and response activities, supporting biosecurity efforts, collaborating in veterinary public health issues, overseeing

Manitoba’s veterinary diagnostic services laboratory, maintaining traceability and premises identification systems, and connecting farmers, processors and others with information and resources on these issues.

Submitted photo

The Manitoba government has named Dr. Glen Duizer as its new chief veterinary officer, leading the province’s animal health, disease prevention and response programming.

Mara Rozitis, Signature Swine Solutions, is focused on practical support to the swine industry in biosecurity with an incinerator that offers different fuel options, including diesel, propane, or natural gas, depending on the farm’s setup.

Mara Rozitis expanded her offerings by becoming a distributor of UK-made incinerators, a vital biosecurity tool for hog farms. This innovation allows farms to manage mortalities on-site, eliminating the risks associated with external trucks potentially contaminating the property.

Submitted photos

An Absence of Agriculture in Renegotiating CUSMA

By Harry Siemens

In January, the Government of Canada announced its Team Canada missions to the US to promote Canadian exports before renegotiating the Canada-US-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA, formerly NAFTA).

Cam Dahl, general manager of Manitoba Pork Council, said while these missions to State legislatures and the US government are promising, there seems to be a notable absence featuring agriculture and food products prominently.

Despite agriculture and food being one of Canada’s largest export sectors, generating around $60 billion annually in exports to the US, it appears to be overlooked in the context of national security trade considerations.

“The federal government speaks of securing vital trade for national security, yet the agricultural sector remains largely absent from this narrative,” said Dahl.

Canada is an exporting nation, and Manitoba plays a significant role in this, particularly in agriculture. Annually, 90 percent of the eight million pigs raised in Manitoba are shipped globally as pork products or live animals to the US.

“However, a growing trend of protectionism in international trade poses a serious risk to these exports. Manitoba’s farmers and processors rely on open markets and cannot afford restrictions on market access,” said Dahl. “It’s critical for governments to actively defend these interests and ensure continued access to global markets for the province’s agricultural products.”

Farmers in the US marketplace face significant protectionist challenges threatening their exports and market stability. One prominent example is California’s Proposition 12, a state-level regulation that imposes strict animal welfare standards on pork production. Out-of-state producers must comply with these standards to sell their products in California.

“This extra-territorial legislation not only increases costs for producers but also disrupts the integrated North American agricultural market by imposing state-level rules across borders,” Dahl said.

Additionally, the US Department of Agriculture’s new country-of-origin labelling (COOL) law discriminates against Canadian pigs and cattle exported to the US. This regulation forces Canadian livestock to be labelled differently, making them less competitive in the US market.

Proposition 12 and the new COOL law result in higher consumer costs and reduced returns for Canadian farmers.

Dahl said that to counter these trade barriers, Canada needs to adopt a more assertive strategy, actively opposing and resisting these protectionist measures to protect its agricultural interests.

New barriers to cross-border agriculture and food trade are emerging as the renegotiation of the Canada–U.S.–Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) approaches. Regardless of the outcome of the US elections, Canadian agriculture will likely face challenges.

“Canada must develop a comprehensive agriculture and food strategy to safeguard its interests in preparation for these negotiations,” he said.

A vital aspect of this strategy should involve including agriculture and food export interests in outreach efforts to state and national legislators in the US Agriculture must be part of the broader Team Canada effort to protect Canadian sectors.

“Without a clear national strategy developed in collaboration with farmers and processors, there is a risk that agricultural and food export interests could be overlooked—or even sacrificed— to protect other sectors when renegotiating CUSMA. This would undermine the stability of a crucial export sector,” said Dahl.

It concerns farmers that negotiators don’t prioritize their trade interests, especially when the Canadian government takes broader trade actions. A prime example is the 100% tariff on China-made electric vehicles and a 25% duty on Chinese steel and aluminium imposed by Canada. China responded by initiating a dumping investigation on Canadian canola exports.

“While it’s understandable that the government must protect Canadian jobs from unfair trading practices, the burden of retaliatory measures should not fall solely on farmers,” he said.

Dahl said, the Government of Manitoba is crucial in ensuring farmers maintain access to vital markets. Premier Kinew’s establishment of the Business and Jobs Council, which conducted a trade mission to the US this spring, is a positive step in this direction.

However, a unified agriculture trade strategy across the Prairie Provinces would be beneficial to strengthen Manitoba’s voice in both Washington and Ottawa. Such collaboration would amplify regional interests and create a stronger front on issues affecting farmers.

Dahl stressed that beyond North American markets, there is significant potential for joint initiatives in key Asia Pacific markets, where the industry expects growth in agriculture trade. If Manitoba were to work closely with other prairie provinces to establish a presence in these markets, it would mark a breakthrough in collaborative government efforts, opening new opportunities for western Canada’s agricultural sector.

Farmers dependent on international markets face signifi-

cant market access threats, which could negatively impact incomes, especially in western Canada, if no action taken. A comprehensive agriculture and food trade strategy is urgently needed to protect existing trade access and create new opportunities to counter protectionist pressures. This strategy should be developed with farmers, processors, and provincial and federal governments, ensuring a unified approach across Canada to safeguard and expand agricultural trade.

Cam Dahl, general manager of Manitoba Pork Council, said while these missions to State legislatures and the US government are promising there seems to be a notable absence featuring agriculture and food products prominently. Submitted photo

Salads for All Occasions

By Joan Airey

Last night I tried to write my recipe column when Mother Nature decided to give us another electrical storm and decided it was time to turn the computer off. Hope everyone in eastern Manitoba that was hit with a bad storm earlier this week have their life back to normal. Harvest has been held up in our area for several days now because of rain but the largest amount we received at one time, was an inch.

Yesterday we had lunch with friends at Roblin Golf Course while in the area on business. Marianne told me the Mandarin Chicken Salad was good and she was right.

They serve home cooked meals there and if I have a chance to dine there again I definitely will. Earlier in the week we met friends at our local Rivers Golf Course for lunch where I had lunch earlier this month. Shelley the manager and her staff serve up great home cooked food. Shelley is going to be managing the canteen in our local Sportplex this winter looking forward to her home cooked meals.

Thai Chicken Salad

2 cups cubed chicken

1 head Romaine lettuce chopped

1 red pepper, chopped

4 green onions, chopped

1/2 slivered almonds (optional)

2 Tbsp. soy sauce

1 bag cooked steamed fried noodles

1 cup Thai sweet chilli sauce

Toss all ingredients (except sauce) together. Mix in Thai sweet chilli sauce. Enjoy.

Shelley Ramsey shared this recipe with me several years ago and it’s delicious. I half the recipe when I don’t have guests as it is a huge salad.

Greek Salad

1 cup romaine lettuce

1/4 cup diced red pepper

1/4 cup diced red onion

1/4 cup diced cucumber

1 /2 cup grape tomatoes, sliced in half

1/4 cup crumbled feta cheese

Small handful black olives

2 Tbsp feta cheese and oregano dressing

Wash and dry lettuce, Combine all ingredients except dressing in a bowl. Toss with salad dressing. Serve.

This is one of my favourite salads. Love making it when I can get most ingredients fresh from the garden.

Joyce’s Broccoli Salad

4 cups broccoli florets

1/2 medium red onion finely chopped

1/2 pound bacon cooked and crumbled

1/2 cup light raisins, soaked

1 cup mayonnaise

1/2 cup white sugar

2 Tbsp. white vinegar

Mix all ingredients in bowl and chill. I like to let it chill 3 or 4 hours.

Hope you enjoy these salads. I’m always looking for new salad ideas I plan on trying a new to me, Caprese pasta salad recipe but have to wait till I’m into Brandon as I need bocconcini (mozzarella balls) to make it.

Pencil Out Your Investment in a Background Feeding Program

By Peter Vitti

As most of the leaves have fallen, many spring calves are being weaned. It’s also the time when many people determine whether their weaned calves are immediately sold or held back for further feeding. Record high prices, especially on the weaned calf side of the market should have everyone penciling out the feasibility of continued backgrounding calves this fall and throughout the winter. It should payoff with positive revenue, if the feeding programs and financial spreadsheets are sound.

As a beef nutritionist, I put together many well-balanced backgrounding feeding programs for beef producers. Some of these are standard programs, while others are customized, which depend on the farm situation. In doing so, I believe my greatest asset is that I can write out on paper such backgrounding diets using a pencil and calculator in front of anyone.

If a producer wants to raise a group of 600 lb steer to 900 lbs on a 120-day backgrounding program, I would pencil-out a few parameters, namely: target medium to large framed calves that gain 2.0 – 2.5 lb per head. I would estimate their dry matter for about 16.5 – 22.0 lb during these next four months. Then build his or her backgrounding feeding program in order to meet dietary requirements of 62 – 64% TDN, 11 – 12% crude protein, 0.4% calcium and 0.35% phosphorus (including other macro-, traceminerals and vitamins). Add sodium monensin to the package. And later-on, make some adjustments to the diet due to the upcoming cold winter months.

It is still the early part of autumn, so my penciled-out backgrounding TMR diet

for these calves might look like this on “as fed” basis for each weaned calf:

Barley silage (4 cents/lb)

30.0 lbs.

Pea straw (2 cents/lb)

5.0 lbs.

Distillers’ grains (17 cents/lb)

1.0 lbs.

Barley ($ 4.00/bushel)

4.0 lbs.

TMV pack (64 cents/lb)

0.2 lbs.

Total 40.2 lbs.

The current cost per lb. of each ingredient is included in the respective brackets. Therefore, the entire cost of the above diet is about $1.90 per head per day. Note – I encourage beef producers to use their own respective onfarm-costs to determine their overall TMR’s cost.

Now is the time to set aside

the nutrition of the program and determine the economic outcome of feeding this diet for the above group of weaned calves. By using current feed and feeder cattle market prices, this is an economic spreadsheet of my own proposed 120-day background feeding program, as illustrated in Table 1 below.

In setting up this economical spreadsheet, I made a few assumptions for illustration purposes.

First, I assumed that it’s based on a cash-market and that the selling prices of 900 lb heavy calves will sell at similar prices of today in lateFebruary. I realize it is a simplified approach, since contract and future prices may also be used. According to my numbers, these backgrounded

steers lost $53 per head of its fall market value, while the value of feeder-heifers went backwards by $233.

The odd thing is that this financial report is based on a real-life situation that was taken from a modest cowcalf operation that I often visit. The owner calves out about 400 Angus/Simmental beef cows at the end of April in which the calves average about 600 lbs and are weaned by mid-November. Consequently, he often retains, overwinters and sells all steer calves at the end of February, while heifer calves are sold immediately after weaning in mid-November. In the past, he retained and sold these latter females as certified pre-conditioned heifers at a higher dollar value or has takes advantage of selling more mature cullcows at high market prices and replaces them with bredheifers of lesser value. My friend is the first person to admit that he cannot predict the cattle markets in the upcoming months. He only uses the information that at the moment - the cost of the above backgrounding diet and the current value of weaned calves in the autumn. He pencils these things out in the fall, which still gives him the foresight as to some flexible marketing options. And this is something, everyone can do.

Table 1

The Joyful Journey of Altona’s Community Garden as it Expands

By Elmer Heinrichs

This year’s harvest at the Altona community garden looks like it’ll be a bountiful one, says Jack Heppner, garden coordinator. There was a waiting list when the planting season began this year, and we expanded north, with 40 new plots, But we had 65 new applicants and we decided the first 30 would get one plot and the next 30 would get half a plot – that was

they’re getting, “Their foot in the door,” said Heppner.

With about 150 families using the garden, Heppner estimates that the site provides fresh produce for at least 800 people.

“There’s always someone here, in all kinds of numbers, many cultures are represented. About 47 per cent of the gardeners are newcomers. One disadvantage with the growth is that I don’t remember everyone’s

names, but they all know mine,” adds the coordinator.

To say that the community garden is growing is an understatement. It’s come a long way since 2017. The Altona Community Action Network (ACAN) took over the operation of the site in 2018 when it was a bare field with 57 plots available for planting.

Today, with a large pavilion, washrooms, accessible

plots, two garden sheds loaded with supplies, a play area for kids, as well as a bridge, pathway and courtyard to greet visitors, the garden boasts 180 plots, with plans for 20 more next year.

Heppner says it’s been joyful journey, learning about new languages and ways of planting, while giving residents of all backgrounds a place to mingle and grow their own food.

Greek Salad Photo by Joan Airey

Record high prices, especially on the weaned calf side of the market should have everyone penciling out the feasibility of continued backgrounding calves this fall and throughout the winter. It should pay off with positive revenue, if the feeding programs and financial spreadsheets are sound.

Photo and chart as provided by Peter Vitti

Grow Projects Harvested Really Make a Difference

and deliver 300 acres of Canadian Northern Hard Red Spring Wheat for the Canadian Foodgrains Bank.

By Elmer Heinrichs

The Canadian Foodgrains Bank traces its beginning to the mid-1970s when Canadian farmers sought ways to share their surplus harvest with people facing hunger around the world. Now grow project harvest season is well underway as projects in support of the Canadian Foodgrains Bank are being combined.

One day recently was a particularly busy day with four crops taken off across the region; Common Ground near Rosenfeld, Hands Harvest Hope at Darlingford, Gardenland near Boundary Trails Health Centre and the SHARE project near Darlingford.

“It’s just wonderful to see the communities coming out to harvest food, which will be used as financial resources for people who don’t have enough food,” said Manitoba regional rep Gordon Janzen who attended the Common Ground harvest, and noted harvest days are always good days.

“I just appreciate people who are in what I call this network of generosity, looking beyond themselves,” said Janzen. “So, as Foodgrains Bank, we really appreciate the communities in Manitoba that are working together to end hunger.”

‘They have a big impact,” noted Janzen going on to explain the impact all of those volunteers and projects have on the Foodgrains Bank’s work around the world.

“Last year we had half of the donations in Manitoba come from growing projects, and then beyond that there’s other individuals and also individual farmers who contribute,” said Janzen. “The growing project groups provided half of our support in Manitoba last year, and that’s really very significant, and it’s just great to have connections with these groups.”

Isaac Froese, who is one of the farmers in the CHUM project with a field north of Altona, says, “We’re taking off 150 acres of Starbuck wheat. The seed for the crop was donated by Janzen Seeds in Plum Coulee and we’re expecting an above average crop.”

Near Rosenfeld volunteers have been at the heart of the Common Ground grow project for 15 years, and this latest effort was no different.

Local growers showed up at the field with nine combines, a handful of grain carts and semis to take off and deliver 300 acres of Canadian Northern Hard Red Spring Wheat for the Canadian Foodgrains Bank.

Volunteers grow the crop on land rented from the Penner family at a very good rate and the proceeds

of the crop are donated to the Foodgrains Bank.

The harvest operation for SHARE’s Morden project consisted of about eight combines a group effort of Morden-based farmers including Ken and Irv Dalke, John Klassen, RM of Stanley Reeve Ike Friesen, Ben Friesen of BP Grain, and Duane Fehr.

The proceeds from 250 acres of canola are donated for world food aid. And on the same day the Gardenland group near Winkler harvested 80 acres of canola.

Earlier, at Boissevain, project manager Mitch Bohrn says the 300 acres of peas brings in approximately $170,000.

“So, we have a pretty good contribution to the Foodgrains Bank this year,” said Janzen. “We had 4 combines out this year to do it. So, it took a couple of days, but we were very happy with the results. We had 61 bushels an acre which was pretty good for the peas in the area, and they’re all hauled away.”

“Taking off expenses we should be donating about $70,000 when it’s all done,” added Janzen.

And at Killarney 160 acres of canola yielded 42.49 bu/ acre.

The federal government matches all contributions 4:1 (with a cap at $25 million) which brings that $70,000 to a hefty donation to the CFB.

Gardenland growing project near Winkler.

SHARE growing project near Morden.

CHUM growing project near Altona.

Hand Harvest Hope growing project near Darlingford.

Common Ground growing project near Rosenfeld.

Photos by Gordon Janzen

Near Rosenfeld volunteers have been at the heart of the Common Ground grow project for 15 years, and this latest effort was no different. Local growers showed up at the field with nine combines, a handful of grain carts and semis to take off

Harvest Fundraiser a Celebration of the Past

By Elmer Heinrichs

The thresher is one of about 50 combines, grain trucks and threshers run by almost 100 volunteers at Austin’s Heritage Harvest. They gathered Saturday to harvest 65 acres of wheat that will be sold in support of the Canadian Foodgrains Bank and Austin’s Manitoba Agricultural Museum.

A wooden 1909 Avery threshing machine is one of about 50 combines, grain trucks and threshers run by almost 100 volunteers at Austin’s Heritage Harvest.

Rob Penner, a museum volunteer, estimates the Avery threshing machine — from the Manitoba Agricultural Museum– hasn’t run in at least 50 years. He said it’s an important link to the history of agriculture in Manitoba.

“The thresher was one of the pioneers that harvested a lot of wheat in western Canada,” Penner said. “Harvest is an important part of western Canada and our heritage, so it’s important to be a part of it.”

The Heritage Harvest is a celebration of Manitoba’s agricultural history that also helps raise money for charities through the sale of the crop, according to committee chair Nicole Blyth. Their goal this year is to raise at least $20,000.

“The Heritage Harvest crop is rotated each year for field health typically between wheat, soybeans and canola based on market demands,” Blyth said. “This has been a good summer for the wheat because they had early moisture and a windy week in the lead-up to the harvest, giving the grain time to dry out.”

Blyth said that most of the volunteers work at the Manitoba Agricultural Museum. This means they know the history of the industry in the province and appreciate being able to use and show off some of the antique machinery during events like the Heritage Harvest.

“Farmers very much cherish the heritage that agriculture comes from and want to honour that and make sure that it’s kept alive for the generations to come,” Blyth said.

A lot of the machinery in the Austin field, located 140 kilometres west of Winnipeg, would have been used anywhere from 60 to 100 years ago, Blyth said.

Most of the machines are provided by the Manitoba Agricultural Museum and maintained and run by volunteers. He said it offers a glimpse into the past.

The Avery thresher runs using a tractor as an engine and sheaves of wheat are hand-fed into the machine by volunteers.

They took the Avery thresher for a test run at the Manitoba Thresherman’s Reunion and Stampede where it ran for about an hour. The rig takes about four hours to complete one acre of wheat – in contrast, some of the newer combines can clear a field at about 10 acres an hour.

Harold Penner said the Heritage Harvest brings the community together. The volunteers are critical, because “when many hands work together, we can have a really good time doing a lot of good in the world,” he said before hopping in a combine to help clear the field.

Penner said he has a passion for helping hungry people of this world, something that was fuelled working for the Canadian Foodgrains Harvest. Volunteering with Heritage Harvest is a reminder everyone is a piece of the puzzle when it comes to ending world hunger, he said.

“We’re doing a small bit and the whole picture of feeding the world and you know, we call ourselves a Christian response to hunger,” Harold said. “This is what we feel that Jesus Christ called us to do. And so that’s what we do as much as we can.”

Blyth said she appreciates the community volunteers coming out because it’s one of the busiest times of year for farmers as they race to get their crops off fields.

“They take the time out of their day to come here to volunteer their time, their equipment,” Blyth said. “It’s very special that they’re willing to do that for us and ... help out the two organizations.”

Practice Safe Storage to Prevent OTA in Cereals

Moisture and temperature are the two biggest factors in grain spoilage. Making sure the grain that goes into the bin has been dried to an optimum moisture level and checking the bins frequently to monitor temperature and identify any issues early will reduce the chances of spoilage.

When it comes time to store cereals, one of the best things a grower can do for their grain is to ensure that it’s dry and kept cool – well below 10°C.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potent, naturally occurring mycotoxin that can form on stored cereal grains in high moisture conditions. OTA is produced by Penicillium verrucosum a naturally occurring soil fungus; but, unlike deoxynivalenol (also known as DON or vomitoxin) which is formed by fusarium infections in the field, OTA forms exclusively in storage.

OTA can be a risk to market access as countries can have different maximum allowable limits of OTA in grain. Make sure to monitor this regularly throughout the storage season, and to remove a minimum of onethird of bins if there’s a detectable temperature rise. Not doing so risks the development of OTA.

Preventing even the small-

est pockets of OTA-contaminated cereals during storage is the only way to manage OTA and help reduce the risk of toxins being produced and avoiding product recall. OTA is not destroyed with heat or processing, so it can persist in grain/grain products. By taking steps to prevent the formation of OTA in stored grain, farmers can protect their investments and help keep markets open for all.

The most common cause of OTA is from contaminated soil particles, last year’s stored grain, grain handling equipment, and/or residues remaining in the bin. OTA can develop in small pockets of wet grain, or when water comes in contact with grain – even in bins that are generally well managed and properly aerated.

Cooling the grain as quickly as possible and keeping it cool can help reduce the production of condensation in storage.

No matter the crop that’s in the bin, Keep it Clean recommends checking them frequently and following these best management practices for safe storage:

- Keep bins and grain handling equipment clean.

- Thoroughly clean dust and debris between grain lots.

- Ensure crops are harvested or dried to a safe level

for storage.

- Do not blend tough/damp grain with dry grain on-farm, it’s too risky.

- Cool the grain quickly to well below 10°C to achieve uniform, cold temperatures throughout the bulk, ideally well below zero.

- Monitor bins regularly. Move at least one-third of the grain out of the bin with any detectable temperature rise.

- Condition grain as soon as possible in the spring, as soon as ambient temperatures allow for drying.

By keeping an eye on your bins and taking these steps to maintain the quality of your stored cereals grains you can protect both its marketability and your investment.

Prevention of even small pockets of OTA-contaminated grain during storage is the only way that it can be managed to protect health and prevent product recalls.

Dear Dairy Diary…. SARA in Lactation Dairy Cows

I received a call from dairy producer that milks about 200 dairy cows. Several of his lactating cows were lethargic, quit eating and milking as well as had severe diarrhoea. The producer moved a bubbly loose pile with his boot, and noticed a lot of undigested corn and what seemed to be pieces of sausage-casings. Within a few hours, it was discovered that the normal portion of grain was doubled to 18 kg per head and was added to the TMR for the last couple of days. Luckily, no cows died. This serious error of “grain-overload” resulted in a rare case of acute clinical acidosis. It is not to be confused with SARA in lactating dairy cows, which often occurs on other dairy barns.

SARA (sub-clinical acidosis) is a lot more subtle. It is caused primarily by inadequate forage fibre intake and subsequent insufficient fermentation in the rumen. Such dietary misfortune leads to lower saliva production and an enlarged pool of lactic acid; together cause depression of rumen bicarbonate-buffering capacity. After this takes place, it doesn’t take long for rumen-fluid pH to fall below 6.0 - underlies poor DMIs, poor diet fermentation, frequent digestive upsets and depressed milk/milkfat production as well as body condition/reproduction problems.

SARA (sub-clinical acidosis) is caused primarily by inadequate forage fibre intake and subsequent insufficient fermentation in the rumen. Such dietary misfortune leads to lower saliva production and an enlarged pool of lactic acid; together cause depression of rumen bicarbonate-buffering capacity. After this takes place, it doesn’t take long for rumen-fluid pH to fall below 6.0 - underlies poor DMIs, poor diet fermentation, frequent digestive upsets and depressed milk/milkfat production as well as body condition/reproduction problems.

Dear Diary – April Fools Day, 1984.

I learned a long time ago, that SARA can be an occasional or chronic problem in lactating dairy cows, but can be controlled by a consent vigilance to maintain an effective forage foundation in their daily TMR diets, such as:

1. 28% NDF. 75% of this NDF comes from forage sources or equivalent sources (21 – 22% eNDF). Note - It is not necessarily the wide ratio of forageto-concentrate ratio that maintains good rumen function.

2. Forages are chopped at a cut length of ½” to provide 15 – 20% of the dietary particles being over 1.5” long that creates a good floating mat in the rumen.

3. NFC portion of the diet should be limited to 35 – 37% of the total diet. Starch, which comprises a significant portion of NFC should be targeted at 21 – 25% of the diet, dm.

Dear Dairy Diary – November 22, 2022.

I was presented a challenge at a 150-cow dairy to balance a high-milk and milkfat lactating TMR. It initially contained a 67:33 forage to concentrate ratio, yet still struggled to have enough effective forage fibre to maintain healthy rumens. Its main limiting factor was a corn silage analysis that contained relatively low NDF of high digestibility as well as a starch level of 32.6% and NFC of 47.1%.

I reformatted the lactation diet in the best way that I could by: 1. Corn silage was limited to about 10 kg, dm. to limit its starch/NFC intake. 2. Grain-corn was cut back to 3.6 kg to do the same. 3. Adding more alfalfa hay raised forage-fibre levels, but its mediocre eNDF and high-soluble protein may have reduced its effectiveness. 4. Hi-fat canola meal was limited to curb its vegetable oil intake, and 5. Beet pulp was added at 1.5 kg. As a result, milk production and milkfat yield remained the same; however, dry matter intake amongst the cows became more consistent.

Dear Dairy Diary – August 28, 2020.

I started working with a 150-

lactating dairy cowherd this May, which had a variety of production and health challenges. I didn’t link them to an underlying SARA issue until about two months later. That’s because these lactating dairy cows did not exhibit any of major classic signs of SARA: There were no “on-feed, offfeed” issues caused by acidotic digestive upsets. The total mixed ration (TMR) appeared to have adequate forage fibre. Most of the cows showed cud-chewing activity and no evidence of “sorting” of the daily TMR by the dairy cows. The only odd things were that milkfat production stalled at 3.81% and the average cow’s manure was brick-hard.

So, I made the following four changes to the lactation diet: 1. Replace 25% of high ADF alfalfa-grass silage with some finer-stem leafy alfalfa-grass hay, 2. Lower the amount of grain from 15 to 12 lbs, 3. Add 2 lbs of ground beet pulp – source of digestible pectin-fibre and 4. Replace 50% of the barley with 50% steam-flaked corn mixed with 5% molasses. In the end, it took a few weeks to implement all these changes, but the cows responded with no significant change to dry matter intake and milk yield, but their milkfat responded to 4.01% and most new manure piles became a healthy porridge-like.

Dear Dairy Diary – September 24, 2024.

The last two diary entries are actual cases of mine visiting two different dairy farms, where I suspected SARA. In each case, a lack of effective forage fibre in the lactation diets was my strongest feeling as to the underlying cause of SARA. Any of my attempts to reformulate their respective lactation diets (in order to increase the amount of effective fibre) resulted in subtle improvements amongst the lactating cows. That is how long-term solutions to combat SARA tend to work.

“Field of Dreams” Recreated in Clearwater

By Elmer Heinrichs

Rallying around a farmer in Clearwater, Joe Gardiner and his friends (his supporters), the community built a 10-acre ballpark and Mother Nature let them live out their baseball dream.

“I think you could do this 999 years out of 1,000 and

not get the weather that we had this year,” Gardiner said. “We put down this grass seed, about 20 minutes after we got it down it just poured and we got two inches of rain that night, six inches of snow,” said Jace Guilford, who is studying agriculture at the University of Manitoba.

Focusing on People: Dr. John Carr’s Vision for Pig Farming’s Future

By Harry Siemens

Dr. John Carr, a world livestock consultant, veterinarian, and lecturer living in Brisbane, Australia, was in Manitoba recently to enjoy himself and because the price of pigs was decent.

He said Canada is one of the best pig producers in the world due to its excellent hogs, dedicated people, and reliable results. Unlike in Europe, where high pig numbers are often the focus, he highlights that pigs are easier to raise.

Dr. Carr appreciates Manitoba’s approach to pig welfare, which prioritizes better management and production. This care and attention to the animals further solidifies Manitoba’s reputation in the hog industry.

He said that in tough times, such as in the UK, where they were losing money for a while, the priority shifted to filling financial gaps rather than focusing on the pigs. The industry recently started recovering in the UK, but Canada is still behind by about six months. While making money is essential for survival, he emphasized that the love of pigs often takes a backseat for farm owners facing financial pressures. They stress the importance of balancing both, as neglecting care for pigs could harm long-term success.

Dr. Carr shared a conversation with a client about the future of pig farming. When discussing the possibility of leaving the industry due to financial pressures, the client admitted that while their primary focus is making money, they depend on Dr. Carr to care for and love the pigs. The client explained that they view their role as converting their land into cash through pigs or alternative ventures like solar or wind farming, but Dr. Carr’s responsibility is to train the staff to care for the pigs genuinely.

He said every farm needs someone who truly loves pigs, and finding and educating the next generation of passionate pig caretakers is essential.

“In the hog industry, having individuals who genuinely care for the animals is key to successful operations,” he said.

Looking at the industry’s challenges, he notes the financial pressures, disease management, and changing global markets. With his experience consulting across various countries, the need for innovation and dedicated individuals to tackle these issues and sustain the hog industry is essential.

The biggest challenge in the hog industry is people, or rather, the lack of them. He shared a story about someone who once predicted that farming would eventually need to function without stock people. Over the years, fewer individuals are willing to work with pigs, leading him to design systems where pigs essentially “farm themselves”. He highlights the importance of using the few people who genuinely care for pigs while developing systems that minimize the need for human labour.

Dr. Carr said there is a need to minimize manual labour in hog farming, particularly in farrowing houses, through automation. He stresses the importance of automatic feeders that allow sows to eat when they want, often at night. This shift reduces the physical demands on workers, allowing them to focus on caring for the pigs. Instead of carting feed, workers can ensure the sows are comfortable, well-fed, hydrated, and in good health.

“It’s important to also pay attention to the pigs’ well-being rather than just manual tasks,” said Dr. Carr.

He emphasized the importance of focusing on sow care in the farrowing house, not the piglets, as it’s the sow’s job to care for them. He sees the producer’s role as ensuring the sow’s well-being, not act as the mother. Carr acknowledges the growing challenge of having fewer people on farms and highlights the need to maximize resources. While African Swine Fever and other diseases are concerns, he believes the industry’s biggest issue is a lack of people who genuinely care about the animals, stressing the importance of valuing stockmanship.

A hamlet with a population of fewer than 70 residents has successfully brought people back in time to 1989 - the setting, a ‘Field of Dreams’ carved out of cornfields.

“All you can see is corn, so it’s like you’re in an oasis of baseball heaven,” said Gardiner.

“I believe Canada continues to be one of the best pig producers globally, so being here is a great opportunity to walk around, engage with the industry, and appreciate what’s happening on the ground,” said Dr. John Carr, a world livestock consultant, veterinarian, and lecturer living in Brisbane, Australia while in Manitoba during an interview.

Photo by Harry Siemens