E book abc's of usa history

ABC’s of USA History Devin Osko

Ohio Common Core State Standards Social Studies: grade eight: U.S. Studies from 1492-1877...

6. The outcome of the American Revolution was national independence and new political, social and economic relationships for the American people.

7. Problems arising under the Articles of Confederation led to debate over the adoption of the U.S. Constitution.

8. Actions of early presidential administrations established a strong federal government, provided peaceful transitions of power and repelled a foreign invasion. Content Statements: 9. The United States added to its territory through treaties and purchases.

10. Westward expansion contributed to economic and industrial development, debates over sectional issues, war with Mexico and the displacement of American Indians. Content Statements: 11. Disputes over the nature of federalism, complicated by economic developments in the United States, resulted in sectional issues, including slavery, which led to the American Civil War.

12. The Reconstruction period resulted in changes to the U.S. Constitution, an affirmation of federal authority and lingering social and political differences.

ELA: grade eight: reading standards for informational text 2. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.

3. Analyze how a text makes connections among and distinctions between individuals, ideas, or events (e.g., through comparisons, analogies, or categories).

A is for abolitionist, a person who fought to end slavery. 

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Many times abolitionist would help runaway slaves escape to free state in the north.

Abolitionist were often part of the underground railroad.

Each year abolitionist helped 1000’s of slaves escape.

B is for Bill of rights a statement of fundamental rights and privileges (especially the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution)

C IS FOR CONSTITUTION A written plan of government. 

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Written in 1787, the Constitution was signed on September 17th The U.S. Constitution was written in the same Pennsylvania State House where the Declaration of Independence was signed Of the written national constitutions, the U.S.

D is for Daughters of liberty This group of women encouraged and supported the boycott of British goods. 

The Daughters of Liberty didn’t join in on the public protests and riots incited by the Sons of Liberty in 1765.

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Instead, they organized and participated in boycotts and helped manufacture goods when nonimportation agreements caused shortages.

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One such woman was Sarah Bradlee Fulton from Boston, who has since been called the “Mother of the Boston Tea Party.”

E is for the Eighth Amendment.

The amendment that prohibits the federal government from imposing excessive bail, excessive fines, or cruel and unusual punishment. 

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The Eighth Amendment is a part of the Bill of Rights, which were introduced by James Madison Some punishments are completely forbidden under the Eighth Amendment, such as taking away a person’s citizenship, or painful and hard labor.

Because of this amendment, there are very rules laws for the death penalty (for example, death by firing squad is not allowed).

F is for Fifteenth Amendment, The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied. 

It was the third of the Reconstruction Amendments (13th, 14th, and 15th) ratified after the Civil War.

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The first state to ratify the amendment was Nevada.

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Tennessee did not ratify the amendment until 1997.

G is for Gadsden Purchase, A strip of land in present day Arizona and New Mexico. 

United States paid Mexico $10 million in 1853

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Franklin Pierce was the 14th American President, he served as president during the gadsen purchase.

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The land purchased from Mexico was 29,670 square miles

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H is for House of Representatives the lower legislative house of the United States Congress

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The leader of the US House of Representatives is the Speaker

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The US House of Representatives has the power to propose all tax bills and the power to impeach a federal official.

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Members meet in the House of Representatives chamber in the US Capital

I is for Imports goods brought into a country.

 The total value of imports (CIF) is US$ 2,306,822 million in 2015.

 The united states highest imported good was petroleum oils in 2015.

 The second highest imported good was automobiles.

J is for Judicial Branch the law making branch of American government. 

A federal Supreme Court judge can only be removed from their position by retirement, death, or by Impeachment.

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The Judicial Branch is determined by the U.S. Congress and the U.S. President.

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Most cases that make it to the Supreme Court are challenging the U.S. Constitution.

K is for Kansas/Nebraska act this Act set up Kansas and Nebraska as states. he Kansas-Nebraska Act was a law written by Stephen A. Douglas and passed by Congress on May 30, 1854.

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The anti-slavery leaders in the North were furious and attacked the bill with great ferocity .

Southern settlers flooded the Kansas territory to acquire lands and voted for the expansion of slavery

L is for Louisiana purchase The U.S., under Jefferson, bought the Louisiana territory from France. 

The U.S. paid $15 million dollars for the land.

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The purchase was made in 1803.

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This purchase gave the U.S. control of the Mississippi trade route and doubled in size.

M is for Magna Carta This document, signed

by King John of England in 1215, It contained the antecedents of the ideas of due process and the right to a fair and speedy trial that are included in the protection offered by the U.S. Bill of Rights.

Only four copies of the original 1215 Magna Carta still survive. 

The importance of Magna Carta was not accepted until centuries later. 

The only copy in private hands was sold at auction in 2007 for $21.3 million (over £10 million). 

N is for Navigation Acts Laws that governed trade between England and its colonies. 

Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England.

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These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.

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The reason for the First Navigation Act was to restrict

O is for Oregon trail a pioneer trail that began in Missouri and crossed the great plains into the Oregon country. 

A pair of Protestant missionaries made one of the trail’s first wagon crossings.

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The iconic Conestoga wagon was rarely used on the Oregon Trail.

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Indian attacks were relatively rare on the Oregon Trail.

P is for Patent a document granting an inventor sole rights to an invention.

Benjamin Franklin invented and patented the bifocal glasses.

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Eli Whitney invented and patented the Cotton Gin in 1794 In 1877, the American Charles Francis Brush manufactured some carbon arcs to light a public square in Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Q is for Quakers religious group who settled Pennsylvania - very tolerant and nonviolent. 

From the beginning Friends gave women and men equal status.

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The Quakers are part of the “Church of Friends”.

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As a Peace Church, the Society of Friends has always played a leading part in opposing preparations for war.

R is for Railroads Networks of iron (later steel) rails on which steam locomotives pulled long trains at high speeds. 

First railroads were built in England in the 1830s.

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the BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD, the first railroad chartered in the United States.

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Perhaps the greatest physical feat of 19th century America was the creation of the TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD.

S is for the Sixth amendment the constitutional amendment designed to protect individuals accused of crimes. 

The Sixth Amendment was put into the Bill of Rights by James Madison

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The rights in the Sixth Amendment apply to all the states.

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While an accused person can represent himself in a trial, the court can stop this if the accused is not mentally stable.

T is for Trail of Tears The Cherokee Indians were forced to leave their lands. 

The Cherokee traveled over 800 miles.

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More than 4,000 Cherokees died on the trip.

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The Trip lasted 116 days.

U is for Underground Railroad the abolitionists secret aid to escaping slaves. 

Most actions by people who helped slaves escape were spontaneous actions of generosity. They were women, men, children, white and black. A lot of them were Quakers and Methodists.

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Historians estimate that about 100,000 slaves escaped using the UR network.

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Its most famous conductor was Harriet Tubman.

V is for Veto the power of a chief executive to reject a bill passed by the legislature. 

James Madison was the first president to use a pocket veto.

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George Washington was the first president to use a regular veto.

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Franklin Roosevelt used a total of 635 vetoes while president.

W is for the War of 1812 a war between the United States and England about England trying to interfere with American trade with France. 

American leaders expected that Canadians would greet them as liberators.

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“The Star-Spangled Banner” was set to the tune of an English drinking song.

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Before the British set Washington, D.C., ablaze, the Americans torched a capital city.

X is for XYZ affair an insult to the American delegation when they were supposed to be meeting the French foreign minister. 

Instead the French were sent 3 officials Adams called "X,Y, and Z"

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The officials demanded $250,000 to talk to the minister.

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This happened after the Quasi-war with the French.

Y is for Yorktown Battle the last major battle of the American revolution. 

Although this final major battle took place in 1781 the American Revolutionary War was not officially over until the signing of the Treaty of Paris in September of 1783.

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Prior to the battle General Cornwallis occupied the town of Yorktown in order to establish a defensible deep-water port.

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British General Cornwallis, claiming to be sick, had General Charles O'Hara officially surrender to the Americans and French.

Z is for Zachary Taylor president form 1849 to 1850. 

His nickname was Old Rough and Ready

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Died unexpectantly on July 9, 1850

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He was a decorated war veteran.

References Trade at a glance. (2015). Retrieved November 7, 2016, from http://wits.worldbank.org/ CountrySnapshot/en/USA/textview Ltd, S. (2016). Kansas-Nebraska act for kids: Map, facts and effects ***. Retrieved November 7, 2016, from http://www.american-historama.org/1850-1860-secession-era/kansasnebraska-act.htm Hartston, W. (2015, June 16). Home. Top 10 Facts. Retrieved from http:// www.express.co.uk/life-style/top10facts/584633/Top-facts-Magna-Carta History.com (2015). 9 things you may not know about the Oregon trail - history lists. history.com. Retrieved from http://www.history.com/news/history-lists/9-things-youmay-not-know-about-the-oregon-trail EnchantedLearning. (2000). Eighteenth century inventors and inventions: EnchantedLearning.Com. Retrieved November 7, 2016, from http://www.enchantedlearning.com/ inventors/1700.shtml Facts about friends. Retrieved November 7, 2016, from http://www.quaker.org/ friends.html Inc, Q. (2016). Sign up for an account. Retrieved November 7, 2016, from https:// quizlet.com/5603867/abc-book-of-us-history-terms-flash-cards/