Sava Tourist Information Exchange (MArch Degree Project, by Derek Siu, University of Bath)

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

BELGRADE, SERBIA AR40108 DESIGN STUDIO 6.2 2013-2014 MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE UNIVERSITY OF BATH

DEREK SIU 蕭芳亭

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

BELGRADE, SERBIA AR40108 DESIGN STUDIO 6.2 2013-2014 MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE UNIVERSITY OF BATH

DEREK SIU 蕭芳亭

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS INTRODUCTION 001 AGENDA AND BRIEF CONTEXT MASTERPLAN TYPOLOGY

002 SITE CITY CONTEXT EXISTING CONDITIONS ANALYSIS access and routes materials

003 PROPOSAL KEY MOVES SCHEMATIC PROGRESSION contextual organisation massing CONTEXTUAL RESPONSE the serbian roof MATERIALITY timber + concrete TYPOLOGICAL RESPONSE PROGRAMME area schedule layout strategies AERIAL VIEW THE ROUTE programmes visuals BUILDING DRAWINGS context plan 1:1000 ground floor plan 1:250 first floor plan 1:250 second floor plan 1:250 third floro plan 1:250 roof plan 1:250 front elevation 1:250 section aa’ (fold-out) 1:100 section bb’ (fold-out) 1:100 section cc’ (fold-out) 1:100

004 TECTONIC

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to Jo Hibbert and Alex Wright for their invaluable contribution throughout the completion of this project.

I would also like to thank the following people for their significant input: Professor Doug King Royal Academy of Engineering Visiting Professor in Building Engineering Physics Mike Smith Macgregor Smith Landscape Architecture Daniel Carven Momentum Structural Engineers Peter Norris Oculus Regulatory Consultants Lastly, I would like to take this opportunity to thank my family for the enormous support throughout the course of my study.

STRUCTURAL STRATEGY EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC DIAGRAM CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE CONCRETE STRUCTURE CANOPY CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE CANOPY DETAIL TIMBER ROOF CONSTRUCTION insulated (internal) internal-external connection external ENVELOPE exhibition space skylight rotatable shutter louvres movable louvres INTERNAL stair seating glass roof floor

005 ENVIRONMENT OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY HOSTEL summer strategies winter strategies MULTIFUNCTIONAL ROOM AND EXHIBITION SPACE summer strategies winter strategies

006 BUILDING REGULATORY COMPLIANCE PART B FIRE SAFETY hostel main building PART M ACCESS & USE CONSTRUCTION DESIGN MANAGEMENT

007 PROCESS CANOPY ROUTE HOSTEL

008 CONCLUSION FINAL CRIT FURTHER WORK 2

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

INTRODUCTION Tourism is booming in Belgrade. Tourists from all over the Balkans and Europe are flocking into the city, attracted by its relatively low living cost and the richness of culture and history it embodies.

With improved stability and security since the NATO bombing in 1999, the city has repositioned itself on the international travellers’ map. Also with better transport link with other city destinations on the Danube such as Budapest, Bratislava and Vienna, Belgrade is drawing tourists travelling in the region, forming a tourist corridor connecting the Balkans and Central Europe.

In the wake of the tourism boom, the local government recognises the need to provide modernised infrastructure in order to cater the soaring number of visitors.

Situated at the centre of Belgrade’s main tourist district, the Sava Tourist Information Exchange provides amenity to the city’s visitors. It also forms a critical response to the existing typology of tourist information centres. While traditionally tourist information is communicated across to tourists in a one-way top-down official channel in tourist information centres, this project seeks to redefine the role of a tourist information centre as a physical social platform that encourages the sharing of tourist experience amongst the visitors themselves, somewhat resembles the function of the popular travel information website TripAdvisor, but in reality.

At a local scope, this project seeks to restore the physical connection lost to utilitarian functions between the fortress and the riverfront.

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001 AGENDA AND BRIEF

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE agenda & brief agenda & brief

CONTEXT CONTEXT belgrade belgrade

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

agenda & brief

CONTEXT belgrade

belgrade belgrade

Satellite image of Belgrade Czech Republic

Germany

Ukraine

Czech Republic

Germany

Slovakia

Danube River Austria

France France

Moldova

Austria

Switzerland

Ukraine

Slovakia

Danube River

PALILULA

Moldova

Hungary

PALILULA

Hungary

Switzerland

Romania

Slovenia

ZEMUN DANU

Romania

Slovenia

BE

ZEMUN DANU

BE

Sava River Sava River Bosnia Bosnia

Serbia Serbia

Danube Danube

River

STARI GRAD PALILULA

River

STARI GRAD

NOVI BEOGRAD

PALILULA

NOVI BEOGRAD

Italy

Montenegro

Italy

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Macedonia F.Y.R.O.M Macedonia Albania F.Y.R.O.M

VA VA

VRACAR

SA

ZVEZDARA

SAVSKI VENAC

ZVEZDARA

SAVSKI

Albania

Serbia in European context

VRACAR

SA

Bulgaria

VENAC

Greece

Turkey

Greece

Turkey

Belgrade in regional context

Belgrade is situated at the centre of Serbia, at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. Its metropolitan area is divided by the Sava into two parts - Old Belgrade and New Belgrade. While Old Belgrade is built on a hilly terrain, New Belgrade is mainly built on an expanse of reclaimed marshland. Home to 1.7 million people, 23% of the total population of Serbia, Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is also the economic power house of the country with 40% of the national employment working in the city.

The capital of the now dissolved Yugoslavia is a significant logistic hub of the region as it is well connected by motorways to other

CUKARICA

CUKARICA

VOZDOVAC

VOZDOVAC

Municipalities of Belgrade

parts of Serbia and the capital cities of other former Yugoslav 8 states in the area. The city is placed along the pan-European 8 corridors X (motorway) and VII (river Danube).

Throughout much of its history, Serbia has experienced wars and political instabilities. Belgrade has been destroyed and rebuilt for many times. The city has enjoyed a sustained period of peaceful development in recent years. It is emerging as a regional hub for finance, technology, logistics and tourism. It has attracted many foreign investments and is host to many international conferences and cultural events.

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SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

agenda & brief

CONTEXT tourism

Business Tourism

City Tourism

The two main tourism types in Belgrade: City Tourism and Business Tourism

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

agenda & brief

CONTEXT tourism City

History

Number of Foreign Tourists in Belgrade

470,000

Belgrade is an energetic city re-discovering its tourism potential.

With its history of violence and outside influences, the city has a unique character. Its culture and architecture often reflect a mix of Austrian, Turkish, Communist and Balkan influences. The most famous attraction is the 2-century-old Belgrade Fortress (Kalemegdan) which is located at the top of the 125m hill overlooking the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers.

Although not ethnically or culturally diverse as other European capitals, Belgrade’s cultural scene is increasingly vibrant. Theatres are seeing an increase number of audience from 560,000 per annum in 2002 to 748,000 per annum in 2012. It is becoming common to host cultural events from around the world. The rising cultural significance of the capital city has placed it on a international profile. Belgrade is currently a candidate city for the 2020 European Cultural Capital.

150,000

2001

Culture

2012

Tourists expenditure on goods and services generates new incomes and outputs in the city. Tourist income in 2012 amounted to nearly 500 million Euros. Belgrade was visited by 660,000

Nightlife

Business and Conference

registered tourists. The number of foreign visitors has risen sharply between 2001 to 2012, from 150,000 to 470,000. Of those foreign, 67% comes from within the EU and 17% from former Yugoslav countries.

City tourism is the main form of tourism in Belgrade with group and individual tourists visiting the city on holiday basis. The current tourism strategy, on the other hand, places a strong emphasis on the development of congress and business tourism in the city.

With the modernisation of its congressional facilities such as the Sava Centre in place, it is recording a rise in the number of conferences and business events.

With an overall optimistic outlook, it is necessary for Belgrade to develop its tourism sustainably along with the construction of competitive infrastructure, accommodations ancillary facilities, the provision of pockets that contain activities and contents for tourists.

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agenda & brief

MASTERPLAN sava riverfront regeneration

Existing Conditions

Proposed Conditions

The Sava riverfront is predominantly occupied by low density development, transport infrastructure and derelict site. The pedestrian access from the city is poor, resulting in low level of social, cultural and economic activities in the area.

In order to revitalise the area, the Sava Riverfront Masterplan explores possible solutions to bring the riverfront back to the city.

It aims to break down the existing barrier and reunite Belgrade through re-imagining the Sava riverfront area.

The main objectives of the proposed masterplan for the Sava riverfront area are as follows: 1. Increase development intensity of the under-ultilised land along the riverfront.

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2. Bring the city to the river: Improve pedestrian and transport connections around the riverfront area and its adjacent existing urban surroundings.

3. Activate riverfront by the construction of new civil and cultural venues and public infrastructure.

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agenda & brief

MASTERPLAN sava riverfront regeneration

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The masterplan proposes a new pedestrian-friendly link to the existing and proposed points of interest along the river banks of Sava.

1. Djokovic Tennis Centre

2. Belgrade Fortress

3. Sava Visitor Centre (SITE)

4. International Ferry Terminal

7. Riverside Market

8. Marina

9. Belgrade Fair

14. Urban Beach

13. Musuem of Contemporary Art

13. Great War Island Natural Reserve

10. Stari Zeleznicki (Old Railway Bridge)

5. Savamala Creative District

11. Recreational Park

6. Cultural District

12. Novi most (New Bridge)

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SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

agenda & brief

MASTERPLAN pedestrian realm enhancement

Sava Tourist Information Exchange

Fortress City Spine

The masterplan sets out the aim of improving pedestrian access to the riverfront from the upper part of the city through improving existing pedestrian realms and proposing new access routes.

The pedestrian connection between the Belgrade Fortress and International Ferry Terminal would be revitalised under the master plan. The proposed Sava visitor centre is therefore not only a facility that provides amenities to the visitors of the area but also an opportunity to reinstate the long-lost ancient connection between the fortress and the river Sava.

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SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

agenda & brief

MASTERPLAN river water heat pump network

River water heat pump network Riverside Heat Pump Station

Water is a great storage of solar heat energy Low-grade heat boosted to the temperature required for the local heating and hot water

Local Plant Room Boosting Heat Pump Riverside Heat Pump

2m

Warm water drawn from the river

Closed Loop Water System

below surface

>7°C

High-efficiency Heat Exchangers

River water heat pump mechanism

Cooled water feeds back into the River

‘Closed’ Loop Water System

The Sava and Danube rivers and the Ada Ciganlija Lake provide Belgrade with a great body of water that could be used to implement cutting edge heat pump system using renewable energy for heating and cooling. The average water temperatures of the Sava from the end of October to the beginning of April, range from 3.5°C to 14.6° C, and are sufficient for the efficient functioning of heat pumps. Inside the masterplanned district, in several structures along the waterfronts, the water will pass through high efficiency heat exchangers and when the low grade heat is harvested, the water is immediately returned into Sava untreated in any way. The same system can be used to provide cooling in summer by making use of the much cooler water temperature compared to the air temperature.

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agenda & brief

TYPOLOGY critical response

THE TYPOLOGICAL REVISION OF TOURIST INFORMATION CENTRES

ONE-WAY FEEDING

Traditional Paradigm

EXCHANGE BETWEEN TRAVELLERS

Proposed Paradigm

Traditionally tourist information centres serve as the public frontage of the local government in engaging with the visitors of the place, providing official information of the locality. Reliable and textbook-like, the information is conveyed in a one-way channel by officials to the public, reflecting little real-time changes in trend and opinions. However in a world that is progressively in phase with real-time information based upon instant sharing and exchange, a critical review on the existing role and function of tourist information centres is necessary in order to better engage with modern tourists.

This project proposes an alternative paradigm to the existing tourist information centre typology. Instead of conveying tourist information through a one-way top-down paradigm, this project aims to create a physical social platform for the sharing of tourist experience and local insights between the locals, the tourists and the officials that resembles the sharing paradigm adopted by the popular travellers website TripAdvisor.com in the virtual world .

It aims to create an physical platform for the exchange of tourist information at the heart of Belgrade’s tourist district.

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002 SITE

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

site

CITY CONTEXT belgrade

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9 1. Belgrade Fortress and the confluence of River Danube and River Sava. // Creative District. // 6. Sava Temple and Belgrade’s skyline. // 9. Musuem of Contemporary Art (Closed). // 10. New Belgrade.

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10 2. Aerial View of Old Belgrade. // 3. Great War Island. // 4. New Belgrade. // 5.// Savamala 7. Danube waterfront. // 8. Ruins of Yugoslav Army Headquarters (bombed in the 1999 NATO strike). //

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site

CITY CONTEXT satellite image

RIV

ER

DA N

UB

E

GR

EAT

WA R

ISL

AN

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OLD BELGRADE

riv e

rs av a

NEW BELGRADE

SAVA DISTRICT MASTERPLAN

the site

The proposed site is located on the east bank of the River Sava. It is located at the foot of the Belgrade fortress, overlooking the River Sava, across to the Musuem of Contemporary Art of Belgrade. Situated north of the existing International Ferry Terminal and the proposed landscape park , the site is a threshold point between northern and southern parts of the waterfront. The north is a corridor of green and leisure area that fronts the confluence of Sava and Danube while the south carries a much more urbanisd character with the proposed mixed-use Sava District development.

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Belgrade Fortress

Museum of Contemporary Art (Closed)

The Site

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

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River Danube

Belgrade Fortress

The Site

International Ferry Terminal

River Sava

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

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City Centre

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

site

EXISTING CONDITIONS

Existing Ferry Terminal

Site

Occupied by a number of cafes but largely empty

Existing warehouse structure on site

Existing Road

Physical barrier between the Fortress and the waterfront

River Sava

Existing Railway Track

Physical barrier between the Fortress and the waterfront

Museum of Contemporary Art

Closed

Belgrade Fortress

The sloping topography of the fortress

Existing Fortress Wall

EXISTING CONDITIONS (RPE-MASTERPLAN)

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EXISTING CONTEXT 1. Belgrade Fortress. // 2. View from Belgrade Fotress. // 3. Existing Fortification. // 4. Existing Road on the building site. // 5. Existing condition of the building site. // 6. The International Ferry Terminal Proposed fortress-riverfront link Belgrade Fortress

The Site

Proposed Landscape Park

Renovated Ferry Terminal

Belgrade Fortress

Fortress Terrace

Stairs to the Fortress Proposed River Ferry Pier

115m above sea level Proposed Tramway

Proposed Site

Existing Ferry Terminal

River Sava

75m above sea level

PROPOSED MASTERPLAN CONDITIONS

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0

10

20

40M

2. Museum plaza. //

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CONTEXT PLAN 1:1000

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1. Museum of Contemporary Art. //

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3. Ferry Pier. // 4. Sculpture Park. //

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2

5. International Pessenger Ferry Terminal. //

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6. Tram Tunnel. //

7. International Ferry Terminal Landscape Park. //

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8. Proposed city-river pedestrian route. //

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9. Stairs to Belgrade Fortress. //

building site

10. Fortification. //

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11. Belgrade Fortress. //

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12. Riverfront Promenade

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SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

site

ANALYSIS access and routes

local ferry

tram

ferry terminal

PEDESTRIAN ROUTES AND ACCESS The riverfront promenade and the masonry stairs descending from the fortress provide the main pedestrian access to the site. It is also accessible from the south through the proposed landscape park and from the north through the existing fortress trench.

VEHICULAR ACCESS The site is accessible by vehicles via the shared space along the riverfront promenade and the fire engine access pathway in the landscape park to the south. It is also accessible by vehicles via the the shared space of the tramline.

PUBLIC TRANSPORTS The site is situated at the interchange of various transport modes, connected by the city’s tram system and local ferry services.

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site

ANALYSIS access and routes

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8 9 1

Photographs showing the descent from the fortress to the site.

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site

ANALYSIS materials

The existing structures around the site are mainly constructed of masonry and stones, giving the place a strong sense of solidity. Roofs of the surrounding buildings are mostly constructed with timber frame structures and covered with red ceremic tiles or metal sheets.

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003 PROPOSAL

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

proposal

key moves

ROUTE flow Modern utilitarian functions have separated the Belgrade Fortress from its original neighbour, the Sava. The flow of ancient connection has been interrupted brutally with modern forces. The river has become an eye-pleasing gem only to be appreciated from the soaring medieval fortification. The proposal restores the amputated ancient link between the fortress and the river and sets the pedestrian flow between them back in motion.

TERRACES landscape metamorphosis Built on the steep headland topography, the Belgrade Fortress is a series of terraces that create cascading ground planes for all the episodes happened throughout its strenuous history . Harnessing the ancient knowledge of ground-making, the scheme creates new ground planes that synthesise with the context, making spaces for the activities in the proposal to spill out onto.

CANOPY unification With the array of activities accommodated on various terraced ground planes, the proposal reminisces a market place for trading where the goods offered would be tourist experience instead of fresh produce and raw meats. Already resembling a market place functionally, formally the proposal includes a continuous roof canopy that would define and unify the building as an entirety with the diversity of activities sheltered underneath it.

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proposal

SCHEMATIC PROGRESSION contextural organisation

BUILDING

PLAZA

BUILDING EDGE DEFINED BY TRAMLINE The building edge that fronts the river is tucked to the hillside, defined by the tram line. It creates a waterfront plaza in the front of the building’s main elevation.

TRAM STOP

PLAZA FERRY TEMINAL

DEFINING THE PLAZA WITH CANOPY STRUCTURE The canopy structure that extends out to the waterfront from the building mass does not only define the route between the fortress and the river, but in addition, defines the enclosure of the plaza in tandem with the proposed building frontage and the ferry terminal, forming the plaza’s third elevation.

hostel i

landscape park

MAIN ROUTES AND ALTERNATIVE ROUTES The proposal provides various routes around the complex to enhance the pedestrian connections between the river, the fortress and its surrounding context such as the trenches and pathways of the fortification, the proposed landscape park

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proposal

SCHEMATIC PROGRESSION massing

park

RECEDING TERRACES

EXCAVATING INTO THE PARK TO ENHANCE ACCESS, DAYLIGHT AND VENTILATION BETWEEN THE BUILDING AND THE PARK

SCULPTING THE ROUTE INTO THE BUILDING MASS

VIEW CHANNELS

INTERNAL COURTYARD EXCAVATED INTO GROUND TO ALLOW NATURAL DAYLIGHT INTO THE CORE OF THE BUILDING MASS

AN UNDULATING ROOF REFLECTING TRADITIONAL SERBIAN ROOFS

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proposal

CONTEXTUAL RESPONSE the serbian roof The proposed roof canopy structure is a cultural reference to the traditional Serbian architecture.

Influenced by both the Hungarian and the Ottoman architecture , traditional houses bear the resemblance of the style of central European and eastern architecture.

SLOPING ROOFS Traditional Serbian houses are mostly constructed with timber with rendered external walls, topped with an overhanging orange sloping tiled roofs. In some rural areas log cabins are built with straw or shingle roof. The timber roof structure is often exposed internally.

OVERHANGS AND PORCHES The roof is a significant feature in Serbian architecture. With a continental climate with cold winter and hot summer, it is crucial that the roof is capable of holding off snow in the winter while providing sufficient shading in the summer, hence the feature of sloping roofs with large overhangs in Serbian houses. It is a common that the overhangs extend outwards to form arched porches which is common in Ottoman architecture. This creates a shaded external area in addition of the internal spaces covered by the roof that can be utilised in warmer months.

Rural Serbian houses with tall hip roofs. Timber roof structure exposed internally.

Based upon the idea of overhangs and porches, the proposal reverses the relationship between external porched area and the internal area of a traditional Serbian house. This gives form to the butterfly roofs and the arching glulam beams that would be the main spines of the roof canopy.

RED TILES Red tiled sloping roof is another common material used in roof construction in Serbian architecture. The colouristic quality of the tiles is especially striking.

Contemporary Serbian houses retaining traditional features of orange-red tiled sloping roofs and porched external spaces.

While in attempt of keeping the weight of the roof canopy minimal, the proposal looks for a contemporary alternative to replicate the colouristic quality of traditional Serbian red tiled roof. As a result, copper sheet is chosen as the roofing material as it is orange-red in colour at its natural state and it has a relatively light weight that would facilitate easier construction.

Porches formed by extended overhangs

Collage of the Serbian Roofscape

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SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

proposal

MATERIALITY timber and concrete As a prominent gateway for tourists visiting Belgrade and Serbia, the Sava Tourist Information Exchange manifests the essence of the city and the nation through its architecture. It looks to the local context for the inspiration on construction and materiality.

Timber is the predominant building material throughout Serbia while concrete is the main building material in Belgrade. While most buildings in the rural areas are constructed with timber, the capital city is a haven of brutalist concrete buildings. The discrepancy is a result of the adoption of modernist motif in the post-war urban development of Belgrade. This project has looked to the construction of the traditional cottages in the rural part of the country for inspiration to reconciliate the two contrasting materials.

The cottages in the Tara National Park in the west Serbia are constructed on a solid plinths made of stones while the timber frame structures form the superstructure. Adopting the same approach, the proposed scheme is a building based on a solid plinth, instead of the stones used in the cottages, constructed with concrete while the timber superstructure sits on the top of the concrete foundation. Through this adoptation, the project reinvents a modern interpretation of traditional Serbian architecture.

Timber Superstructure

Stone Plinth

Homstead of Cottages in Tara National Park, West Serbia

Collage: Concrete architecture in Belgrade

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proposal

TYPOLOGICAL RESPONSE

TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE Break-out Spaces By creating break-out spaces such as stairs seating and lounges along the main pedestrian route through the building for lingering around with views, visitors are invited to start casual conversations with their companions or other visitors, allowing the exchange of information ranging travellers’ experiences and advices to small talks on Serbian weather.

Multifunctional, auditorium-style steps, Neuehouse, New York, by Rockwell Group

Dual functional staircase Evernote office, California, by A+O

Stairs seating with view onto the Tenth Avenue below.

Highline, New York, by DILLER SCOFIDIO + RENFRO

HOSTEL Shared Environment Through creating a shared environment in the hostel where functional spaces are shared, it encourages social interaction between the guests of the hostel. It creates an easy environment for travellers to exchange their tourist experience and wisdom .

Shared living space Share House LT Josai, Tokyo, by Naruse Inokuma Architects

CAFETERIA Shared furniture With large tables shared between 8-10 people, whether acquinted or not, it allows several conversations to take place simultaneously amongst the visitors by which provides causal opportunities for social interaction between various groups.

Shared table promotes social interaction

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proposal

PROGRAMME area schedule

Tourist Information Exchange (Main Building)

Hostel

Programme

Area (m2)

Tourist Information

350

Social Space

250

Exhibition Space

400

Retail Space

200

Multifunctional Room

400

Viewing Deck

300

Conference Room

120

Staff Room

40

Cafeteria

200

Dormitary (40m2) x 5

200

Small Rooms (30m2) x 5

150

Common Area

400

Kitchen

40

Laundry

5

Reception

45

Riverside Pavilion

Bar + Kitchen

110

Back of house

Plant Room (Heat Pump Station)

300

Circulation

700

WCs

200

Service

50

Storage

130

Total Area (m2)

2260

840

110

1380

Total Floor Area = Landscape

Public Plaza

1500

Hard Landscape

2000

Soft Landscape

1000

Tram Stop

350

4590 m2

4850

Total Landscape Area =

4850 m2

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proposal

PROGRAMME general layout strategy

BELGRADE FORTRESS

HOSTEL

TOURIST INFOMRATION EXCHANGE

TRAMLINE

LANDSCAPE PARK

TRAM STOP

GREEN AREA PUBLIC SQUARE

INTERNATIONAL FERRY TERMINAL

FERRY PIER RIVER SAVA

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proposal

PROGRAMME detail layout strategy

BELGRADE FORTRESS

fortification

utilities hostel reception

utilities multifunctional room conference room

common area

tourist information exchange cafeteria

landscape park

the main route

retail space

hostel rooms

exhibition space

building envelop

tramline

green area

tram stop

bar & cafe

plaza

international ferry terminal

riverfront promenade

ferry pier RIVER SAVA

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proposal

AERIAL VIEW

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proposal

THE ROUTE programmes

hostel

retail space

tourist information exchange stair seating

multifunctional room exhibition space

riverfront bar & cafe

ferry

tram stop

park side cafeteria

public plaza

international ferry terminal

Programmes along the main route

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THE ROUTE visuals

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The journey between the riverfront and the fortress in visuals.

1. View from the waterfront promenade. // 2. Front view. // 3. View of the main entrance from the covered plaza. // 4. Main stairs seating. // 5. View of the exhibition space. // 6. View from the top of the main stairs towards the Museum of Contemporary Art across the river. // 7. The Tourist Information Exchange. // 8.// The fortress exit. // 9. View from the top of the route. // 10. View from the fortress terrace.

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proposal

THE ROUTE

1. RIVERFRONT PROMENADE AND INTERNATIONAL FERRY TERMINAL

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2. FRONT VIEW

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proposal

THE ROUTE

3. MAIN ENTRANCE UNDER THE ROOF CANOPY

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proposal

THE ROUTE

4. ENTRANCE HALL AND MAIN STAIRS SEATING - BREAKOUT SPACE

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THE ROUTE

5. GROUND FLOOR EXHIBITION SPACE

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proposal

THE ROUTE

6. TOP OF THE MAIN STAIRS SEATING. VIEW TOWARDS THE MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART ACROSS RIVER SAVA

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proposal

THE ROUTE

7. TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

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SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

proposal

THE ROUTE

8. TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE ENTRANCE EXIT TO FORTRESS

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SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

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THE ROUTE

9. VIEW OF THE ROOF CANOPY FROM THE TOP OF THE ROUTE TO FORTRESs

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THE ROUTE

10. view from fortress terrace

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40M

2. Museum plaza. //

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CONTEXT PLAN 1:1000

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1. Museum of Contemporary Art. //

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3. Ferry Pier. // 4. Sculpture Park. //

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5. International Ferry Terminal. //

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6. Tram Tunnel. //

7. International Ferry Terminal Landscape Park. //

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8. Proposed city-river pedestrian route. //

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9. Stairs to Belgrade Fortress. //

10. Fortification. //

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11. Belgrade Fortress. //

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12. Riverfront Promenade

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STORAGE

STORAGE

SERVICE STORAGE

PLANT ROOM & RIVER WATER HEAT PUMP

STORAGE

STORAGE

RETAIL SPACE

EXHIBITION SPACE MAIN STAIRS

SERVICE ENTRANCE FOR EXHIBITION SPACE

STAIRS TO FERRY TERMINAL PARK

STAIRS TO HOSTEL ENTRANCE TRAM STOP

TRAM STOP

KITCHEN

INTERNATIONAL FERRY TERMINAL

WC

CAFETERIA

PLAZA COVERED PLAZA

PARK

0

4

8

12

16M

N

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:400

TIMBER DECK PROMENADE FERRY PIER

STORAGE

MULTIFUNCTIONAL ROOM

STAFF ROOM

WC

WC

WC

KITCHEN

TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

dis. wc

FORTRESS ENTRANCE CAFETERIA

HOSTEL RECEPTION

WC

HOSTEL STAIR SEATING

ST.

ROOFLIGHT

ROOFLIGHT

LAUNDRY dis. wc

SERVICE VOID

COMMON AREA

WC

VOID

ROOFLIGHT

ROOFLIGHT

STAIRS TO TRAM STOP

VOID

TERRACE TERRACE

4

8

12

16M

N

FIRST FLOOR PLAN 1:400 0

STAIRS TO FERRRY TERMINAL PARK

STAIRS TO FORTRESS

ENTRANCE GATES

VOID

LOUNGE

VOID

COMMON AREA CAFETERIA UPPER FLOOR SEATING VOID

ST. st.

dis.wc

WC

WC

ST.

WC

VIEWING DECK CONFERENCE ROOM

0

4

8

12

16M

N

SECOND FLOOR PLAN 1:400

VOID

VOID VOID

VOID

MEZZANINE COMMON AREA

VOID

4

8

12

16M

N

THIRD FLOOR PLAN 1:400 0

4

8

12

16M

N

ROOF PLAN 1:400 0

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

proposal

SECTIONS

A

B

C

STORAGE

MULTIFUNCTIONAL ROOM

STAFF ROOM

WC

WC

WC

KITCHEN

TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

dis. wc

FORTRESS ENTRANCE CAFETERIA

HOSTEL RECEPTION

WC

HOSTEL STAIR SEATING

ST.

ROOFLIGHT

STAIRS TO FERRRY TERMINAL PARK

ROOFLIGHT

LAUNDRY dis. wc

SERVICE VOID

COMMON AREA

WC

VOID

ROOFLIGHT

ROOFLIGHT

STAIRS TO TRAM STOP

VOID

TERRACE TERRACE

4

8

12

16M

N

FIRST FLOOR PLAN 1:400 0

A’

B’

C’

51

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

SECTION BB’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

SECTION aa’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

SECTION CC’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

0

2

4

6

8M

FRONT ELEVATION 1:250

004 TECTONIC

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

STRUCTURAL STRATEGY

Canopy Butterfly glulam timber portal frame structure.

Shear Resistance Plywood boards are laid on top of of the timber frame to provide shear resistance to each butterfly roof structure. Also the timber portal frame structure is connected to each another to enhance the rigidity and shear resistance.

Plinth Concrete frame structure on concrete strip and pile foundations

MATERIAL PALATE

Glulam

Concrete

57

rooflight

copper standing seam roof

undulating glulam timber frame structure

hostel upper floor

horizontal timber louvres on south-facing facades

timber stud walls

conference room

timber curtain wall

2nd floor concrete slab

hostel lower floor

tourist information exchange

cafeteria pavilion coreten standing seam roof

exhibtion space rooflight

multifunctional space

concrete frame structure

cafeteria pavilion timber frame structure

brick flooring to indicate route between the fortress and riverfront

v1st fvloor concrete slab

main stairs with seating and view out to river

cafeteria pavilion

concrete cantilever load-transfer structure

exhibition space ferry pier

tram stop

public square timber deck riverfront promenade

concrete strip foundation concrete retaining wall

concrete pile foundation under cantilevering columns

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

STRATEGIES construction sequence

1. Foundation Lay out pile foundations at the foot of the glulam columns.

Form strip foundation below load bearing walls.

2. Concrete superstructure Begin construction of the concrete plinth.

3. Main Timber Portal Frame Structure Construction of the main glulam portal frames of the roof canopy structure

4. Secondary Timber Structure Construction of the secondary timber frame structure of the roof canopy, attached to the flanks of the main glulam beam. Connecting the secondary timber structure of each free-standing portal together to provide shear resistance and rigidity to the roof canopy structure.

5. Roof Installing the roof cover and supporting plywood layer, and insulation with weatherproof membranes over the designated internal areas.

6. Envelope and Fitting out Complete the construction of the building envelope (eg. Glazing and doors). Fit out building services and internal finishes.

59

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

CONCRETE STRUCTURE load-transfer element

The concrete pier structure supporting the overhanging terraces are expressed in a sculptural form to reflect the physical property of concrete being a liquid stone.

Extended top part to support the cantilevering floor slab above.

Taping base

Axonometric 1:100

Front Elevation

Side Elevation

Elevations 1:100

60

Gutter along the roof spine.

Steel drainage pipe fixed to the core of the column.

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

Roof Copper standing seam

Plywood layer to strengthen structural rigidity

Timber frame Battens 50x150 fixed between rafters @1500mm Tapering rafters (150x600~4500 150x200~4500) fixed to main structural beam with steel plate connection Main structural glulam beam 150x600

Glulam columns (Length: 3-8m) bolted to steel plate connections at both ends. Bolted to central steel round section with steel plate connection.

Sculptural form column footing Pile cap

Pile Foundation

CANOPY CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE exploded axonometric drawing 1:200 0

2

4

6

8m

61

Zinc gutter

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

Copper roofing

Plywood layer

Glulam Frame Superstructure

Concrete Footing and Foundation

CANOPY CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE rendered exploded axonometric drawing 1:200 0

2

4

6

8m

62

GLULAM BEAM-STEEL PLATE CONNECTION

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

Concealed Connection steel plate in sawn kerf.

For concealment, countersink bolt heads and nuts, and plug.

STEEL CONNECTION ELEMENT

Manufactured off-site.

Hollow section to accomodate drainage pipe.

Steel plates welded to hollow sections in four perpendicular directions Base plate connected to the top hollow section with welded stiffeners.

Vertical plates welded to underside of base plate.

GLULAM COLUMN-STEEL PLATE CONNECTION Concealed connection with steel plate in sawn kerf.

For concealment, countersink bolt heads and nuts, and plug.

GLULAM COLUMN Cruxifix column section consists of 8 glulam sections (300x100) with polymer drainage core.

COLUMN BASE

Through-bolts with countersunk head and nuts; plug holes.

Steel plate welded to base Base anchored to foundation Concrete pier

Pile Foundation

Pile Cap Concrete piles to the bedrock

CANOPY DETAIL 1:50 0

1

2m

63

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

TIMBER ROOF internal (insulated)

1.

2.

3.

10mm copper standing seam on 50x50 battens 150x50m purlin supporting rafter Wall 24mm timber boarding on battens DPM 10mm plywood board 150mm mineral-wool insulation Vapour barrier Solid pine reveal/lining with glazed finish Electronically control horizontal centre pivot double glazed window in pine frame.

4.

5.

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

6.

Insulated Roof 10mm copper standing seam roof DPM 140 + 160 mm foaming-glass thermal insulation; roofing felt Vapour Barrier 50mm plywood board 150x500mm tapered pinewood glulam rafter 50x150mm purlins 60x60mm batten @1200mm 30x60mm timber ceiling batten @60mm Glulam arch beam 200x600

SECTION BB’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

1

6 2

7

3 8

4

4

9

10

11

Insulated roof section 1:20

64

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

TIMBER ROOF internal - external connection

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

SECTION BB’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

1.

2.

3.

Concealed steel plate connection.

Steel plate in sawn kerf with countersink bolt heads and nuts, and plug.

Curtain Wall Pine mullion sections.

Double-glazing Aluminium cap fastened to wall.

1

3

2

External-internal roof canopy connection 1:20

65

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

TIMBER ROOF external

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

SECTION BB’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

1.

2.

3.

External Roof 10mm copper standing seam Waterproof membrane 50mm plywood board fixed to purlins and rafters 150x500mm tapered pinewood glulam rafter 50x150mm purlins

4.

5.

6.

Gutter fixed to to central glulam beam Glulam arch beam 200x600mm Concealed steel plate rafter-beam connection. Steel plate in sawn kerf with countersink bolt heads and nuts, and plug.

1

2

3

External Roof Canopy Section 1:20

66

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

ENVELOPE exhibition space skylight

SECTION CC’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Glazing fixture Butyl weatherseal Neoprene gasket Vinyl gasket Treated wood curb with steel plate connection bolted to concrete wall.

Pine mullion Pine sheet interior finish Aluminium cap

5

3 1

4

2

Skylight Section 1:20

67

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

ENVELOPE rotatable shutter louvres

SECTION CC’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

1.

2.

3.

Top Steel bracket bolted to glulam beam.

Shutter fins Steel rectangular tube frame.

30mm electronically controlled centre pivot treated pine shutter louvres fins (190x1500mm) @200mm.

Bottom steel bracket bolted to concrete footing.

1

2

Shutter Louvre Section 1:20

3

Shutter Louvres Visualisation 68

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

ENVELOPE movable louvres

1.

2.

3.

SECTION aa’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

3

30mm treated pine fins 50x50mm rectangular steel tube roller frames hinged at centre.

Vertical steel roller rail fixed to load bearing structure with steel brackets.

1

2

Elevation 1:100

3

Sections 1:50

Visualisation of movable louvres

69

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

INTERNAL stair seating

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

SECTION BB’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

24mm pine lining for sitting 5mm bed of mortar 10mm bed of mortar reinforced concrete support 10mm dividing strip with permanent elastic seal 150mm precast concrete element

1

5

2 3

4 6

5

70

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

INTERNAL glass floor

SECTION CC’ 1:100 0

2

4

6m

Glass floor is installed at the first floor seating of the cafeteria to allow natural daylight into the exhibtion space.

1.

10+10mm toughened glass on extruded silicone cushion.

Steel angle support bolted to concrete structure 13mm Pine board finish.

Steel tube mullion.

2.

3.

4.

1

2

4 3

Glass Floor Section 1:20

71

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

tectonic

INTERNAL floor

Brick

Pine

Terrazzo

65mm 102.5x215 brick pavers with 10mm bonding mortar 30mm concrete subfloor 12mm diameter underfloor heating pipes (@200mm) Vapour barrier 55mm rigid insulation DPM 150mm concrete slab Hardcore

8mm 1300x200 pine laminate flooring 15mm plywood board 30x70mm rafter (@400mm) 12mm diameter underfloor heating pipes (@200mm) Vapour barrier 55mm rigid insulation DPM 150mm concrete slab Hardcore

15mm Terrazzo Finish 85mm concrete subfloor 12mm diameter underfloor heating pipes (@200mm) Vapour barrier 55mm rigid insulation DPM 150mm concrete slab Hardcore

72

005 ENVIRONMENT

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

environment

STRATEGY overall

Overhangs and Louvres

Natural and mechanical ventilation

HEAT PUMP

Rainwater collection for flushing

River Water Heat Pump

74

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

environment

HOSTEL summer strategies 5

Drawing Scale 1:200

5 5

6 5

4

7

5

5

6

6

6 3

7

4 6

2

6

8

6

3

8

1 6 2

1

Hostel Summer Day 1. River water heat pump draws in cool water from the river to cool the under floor thermal system and then discharges the warmed water back into the river.

2.Hostel Underfloor cooling.

Summer Day ventilation: Cool air delivered through vent outlets to the semi-subterrainean space.

Hostel 3.

Mechanical Summer Day glazing allowing natural daylight.

4. Northeastern River water heatthe pump draws in cool water from the river to cool the under floor thermal system and then discharges the warmed water 5.1.Warm air leaves space through high level vents. back into the river. // 2.

Underfloor cooling. //river Mechanical Cool air delivered 1.

River water heat pump draws in cool water from the to 3. cool the underventilation: floor thermal system and then through vent outlets to the 6. External air is allowed to pass into the spaces through openings. subterranean space. // water 4. Northeastern glazing 5. Warm air leaves the space through high discharges warmed back into the river.

7.

Rotatablethe timber louvres closed to reduce solar gain.allowing natural daylight. // vents.window //cooling.

6. External air is solar allowed to pass into the spaces through openings. // 7. Rotatable timber louvres closed to reduce 2.level Underfloor 8.

External shutter to reduce gain. gain. // ventilation: 8. External window shutter to reduce solar gain.

3.solar Mechanical Cool air delivered through vent outlets to the semi-subterrainean space.

4. Northeastern glazing allowing natural daylight.

5. Warm air leaves the space through high level vents.

6. External air is allowed to pass into the spaces through openings.

7. Rotatable timber louvres closed to reduce solar gain.

8. External window shutter to reduce solar gain.

4

4

4 3

4

4

5 4

3

3

3 5

5 5

2

3

3

5

3

5 1 3

2

1

Hostel Hostel SummerNight Night Summer Riverwater waterheat heatpump pump draws draws in in cool cool water water from from the the river river to 1.1.River to cool cool the the under under floor floor thermal thermal system systemand andthen thendischarges the warmed water back into the // water back 2. Underfloor cooling. // 3. External cool air allowed to flow into the spaces through openings discharges theriver. warmed into the river.

4. Warm air leaves the spaces through high level vents. // 5. Mechanical ventilation dispenses cool air through vent outlets 2.//Underfloor cooling. required Hostel 3.when External cool air allowed to flow into the spaces through openings Summer Night 4.

Warm air leaves the spaces through high level vents.

5. Mechanical ventilation dispenses cool air through vent outlets when required 1. River water heat pump draws in cool water from the river to cool the under floor thermal system and then discharges the warmed water back into the river.

2. Underfloor cooling.

3. External cool air allowed to flow into the spaces through openings 4. Warm air leaves the spaces through high level vents.

5. Mechanical ventilation dispenses cool air through vent outlets when required

75

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

environment

HOSTEL winter strategies 7

Drawing Scale 1:200

7

7

6 5

8

7 4

6

7

7

6 5

10

5 5

4

8

4 4

3

6

10 10

52 4

4 3 1

2

9

5

5

4 9

10 5

4 1

Hostel Winter Day 1. River water heat pump draws in warm water from the river to heat up the underfloor thermal system and then discharges the cooled water back into the Hostel river.

Winter Dayheating.

Hostel 2.

Underfloor Winter Day Ventilation dispensing warm air to the spaces through vent outlets 3.

Mechanical 1. River water heat pump draws in warm water from the river to heat up the underfloor thermal system and then discharges the cooled 4. Radiator. waterair back into the river. // the 2. Underfloor heating. //required.

Mechanicalthermal Ventilation dispensing air to the 1. Cool River water heat pump draws in warm water fromopenings the river to heat up the3.underfloor system and thenwarm discharges thespaces cooled water back into the 5. allowed to flow into spaces through when throughdaylight vent outlets // into the spaces through 4. Radiators for additional heating. // 5. Cool air allowed to flow into the spaces river.

6.

Natural allowed northeastern glazing. through when required. // through high 6.

Natural daylight allowed into the spaces through northeastern glazing. // 2. Warm Underfloor heating.

7. airopenings allowed to leave the spaces level openings.

7. Warm air allowed to leave the spaces high level through openings. // outlets 8. Rotatable opened allowing low-angle 3. Rotatable Mechanical Ventilation dispensing warmthrough airlow-angle to the spaces vent 8. timber louvres opened allowing sunlight to maximise solar gain (closed totimber reducelouvres glare when required). sunlight window to maximise solar gain (closed to reduce glare required). // glared when 9. External window shutter opened to maximise solar 4. External Radiator.

9. shutter opened to maximise solar gainwhen (closed to reduce required). gain (closed tohighly reduce glared when required). // loss.

10. Hostel room highly insulated to minimise heat loss.

5. Cool air allowed to flow into the through openings when required.

10.

Hostel room insulated tospaces minimise heat 6. Natural daylight allowed into the spaces through northeastern glazing.

7. Warm air allowed to leave the spaces through high level openings.

8. Rotatable timber louvres opened allowing low-angle sunlight to maximise solar gain (closed to reduce glare when required).

9. External window shutter opened to maximise solar gain (closed to reduce glared when required).

5 5 10. Hostel room highly insulated to minimise heat loss.

5 4 5 6 5

5

4 4

7 6

6 6

3 4

4

2

7

6

6

6

3 2

1

4 7 6

1

Hostel Hostel WinterNight Night Winter Riverwater waterheat heatpump pumpdraws drawsin inwarm warmwater waterfrom fromthe theriver riverto toheat heatup upthe theunderfloor underfloorthermal thermalsystem systemand and then discharges the cooled 1.1.River waterdischarges back into the the cooled river. // water back into 2. Underfloor 3. Mechanical Ventilation dispensing warm air to the spaces then the river. heating. // through vent heating. outlets. // 4. Cool air allowed to flow into the spaces when required. // 5. Warm air allowed to leave the Hostel 2.

Underfloor spaces through high leveldispensing vents. // warm 6. air Radiator additional heating. // 7. Hostel rooms highly insulated to minimise heat Winter Night 3.

Mechanical Ventilation to the for spaces through vent outlets.

4.loss.

Cool air allowed to flow into the spaces when required.

1. Warm River water heat pump draws warm through water from the rivervents. to heat up the underfloor thermal system and 5. air allowed to leave theinspaces high level then discharges the cooled water back into the river.

6. Radiator for additional heating.

2. Hostel Underfloor heating.

7. rooms highly insulated to minimise heat loss.

3. Mechanical Ventilation dispensing warm air to the spaces through vent outlets.

4. Cool air allowed to flow into the spaces when required.

5. Warm air allowed to leave the spaces through high level vents.

6. Radiator for additional heating.

7. Hostel rooms highly insulated to minimise heat loss.

76

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

environment

MULTIFUNCTIONAL ROOM & EXHIBITION SPACE summer strategies Drawing Scale 1:200

8

6

5

5 5

8

6

5

5 5

9

7

2

2

8

2 2

3

8

3

2

4

11

9

7

2

1

11

10

3

3

11

4 1

10 1 11

1

Multifunctional Room + Exhibition Space Summer day 1. Underfloor cooling Multifunctional Room + Exhibition Space Multifunctional Room + Exhibition Space through openings 2.

Cool air allowed to flow into the spaces Summer day Summer day ventilation dispense cool air into spaces when required.

3.

Mechanical 4. Wood acoustic panel to enhance acoustic performance.

1. Underfloor cooling // 2. Cool air allowed to flow into the spaces through openings. // 3. Mechanical ventilation dispense cool air into spaces when required. // 4. Wood acoustic panel to 1. Warm Underfloor coolingto leave the spaces through high-level vents.

5. air allowed enhance acoustic performance. // 5. Warm air allowed to leave the spaces through high-level vents. // 6. Rainwater collected by roof gutter, through to the drainage pipes in the columns to underground 2. Rainwater Cool air allowed to flow intogutter, the spaces through openings 6. collected by roof through to the drainage pipes in the columns to underground storage. storage. // 7. High level windows allowing sunlight penetration. // 8. Overhangs provide shading and minimise direct solar gain. // 9. Rotatable louvres closed to minimise solar gain. // 3. High Mechanical ventilation dispense cool penetration. air into spaces when required.

7. level windows allowing sunlight 10. North-facing rooflight allows natural daylight into the exhibition space. // 11. Fanned inlet draws air in to the space.

4. Overhangs Wood acoustic panel to enhance acoustic direct performance.

8. provide shading and minimise solar gain.

5. Rotatable Warm air allowed leavetothe spaces solar through high-level vents.

9. louvres to closed minimise gain.

6. Rainwater collected by roof gutter, through to into the drainage pipesspace. in the columns to underground storage.

10.

North-facing rooflight allows natural daylight the exhibition 7. High levelinlet windows penetration.

11.

Fanned drawsallowing air in to sunlight the space.

8. Overhangs provide shading and minimise direct solar gain.

9. Rotatable louvres closed to minimise solar gain.

10. North-facing rooflight allows natural daylight into the exhibition space.

11. Fanned inlet draws air in to the space.

5

3

3 3 3

5

3

3 3

2

2

3

3

2

2

3 1

4 1

4

Multifunctional Multifunctional Room Room + + Exhibition Exhibition Space Space Summer Summer Night Night 1.

1. Underfloor Underfloor cooling cooling. // 2. Cool air allowed to flow into the spaces through openings. 3. Warm air leaves the spaces through high level vents. // Multifunctional Room + Exhibition Space through openings.

2. air allowed to flow into the spaces 5. Cool Rainwater collection.

Summer Night 3.

Warm air leaves the spaces through high level vents.

4. Fanned inlet draws air into the space when required.

1. Rainwater Underfloorcollection. cooling 5.

2. Cool air allowed to flow into the spaces through openings.

3. Warm air leaves the spaces through high level vents.

4. Fanned inlet draws air into the space when required.

5. Rainwater collection.

4. Fanned inlet draws air into the space when required. //

77

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

environment

MULTIFUNCTIONAL ROOM & EXHIBITION SPACE winter strategies Drawing Scale 1:200

5 6 5 5

5

5

6 5 5

7

2

2

5

2 2

7

2

3 2

3 8

1 3 3

3

9 8

1

3

9

Multifunctional Room + Exhibition Space Winter Day 1. Underfloor heating.

Multifunctional Room + Exhibition Space Multifunctional Room + Exhibition Space 2. CoolDay air allowed to flow in through openings when required.

Winter Winter Day ventilation dispenses warm air through vent outlets.

3.

Mechanical 4. Underfloor Radiator forheating. additional 1. // heating.

2. Cool air allowed to flow in through openings when required. // 3. Mechanical ventilation dispenses warm air through vent outlets. // 4. Radiator for additional heating. // 1. Warm Underfloor heating.

5. air leaves the spaces through high level vents. // 6. Rainwater collection. // 7. Rotatable timber louvres open to maximise solar gain (or closed to minimise low-angle glare). // 8. North-facing 2. Rainwater Cool air to flow in through whenspace. required.

6. collection rooflight toallowed allow natural daylight into openings the exhibition // 9. Fanned inlet draws cool air into the space when required.

3. ventilation dispenses air through vent 7. Mechanical Rotatable timber louvres open to warm maximise solar gain (oroutlets. closed to minimise low-angle glare) 4. North-facing Radiator for additional heating.

8. rooflight to allow natural daylight into the exhibition space.

5. leaves thecool spaces through high level 9. Warm Fannedairinlet draws air into the space whenvents. required.

6. Rainwater collection 7. Rotatable timber louvres open to maximise solar gain (or closed to minimise low-angle glare) 8. North-facing rooflight to allow natural daylight into the exhibition space.

9. Fanned inlet draws cool air into the space when required.

5

6 5

5

5

6

5 5

5

4

2

2

2

2 3

5

4 3

1 4

4 3

3

3

7

1 3

7

Multifunctional Room Room + + Exhibition Exhibition Space Space Multifunctional Winter Night Winter Night 1. Underfloor Underfloor heating. heating. // 1.

2. Cool air allowed to flow in through openings when required. // 3. Mechanical ventilation dispenses warm air through vent outlets. // Multifunctional Room + Exhibition Space 2.

Cool air to flow in through 5.

Warm airallowed leaves the spaces throughopenings high levelwhen vents.required. // 6. Rainwater collection. // 7. Fanned inlet draws cool air into the space when required.

Winter Night ventilation dispenses warm air through vent outlets.

3.

Mechanical 4. Radiator for additional heating.

1. Warm Underfloor heating.

5. air leaves the spaces through high level vents.

2. air allowed to flow in through openings when required.

6. Cool Rainwater collection 3. Fanned Mechanical warm air when through vent outlets.

7. inletventilation draws cooldispenses air into the space required.

4. Radiator for additional heating.

5. Warm air leaves the spaces through high level vents.

6. Rainwater collection 7. Fanned inlet draws cool air into the space when required.

4. Radiator for additional heating. //

78

006 BUILDING REGULATORY COMPLIANCE

SAVA TOURIST INFORMATION EXCHANGE

building regulatory compliance

PART B FIRE SAFETY

HOSTEL ELEMENT B1 Means of Warning Electrically-operated smoke and audio and visual fire alarm system to be fitted throughout the building in accordance to BS 5839-1:2002 Smoke alarms to be installed in the kitchen, circulation spaces and every sleeping room in the hostel.

Manual call points complied BS 5839-2:1983 or Type A of BS EN 54-11:2001 to be installed by the exits and near high risk zones such as kitchens in accordance to BS 5839-1.

Means of Escape Protected staircases leading from the subterranean part of the building (Hostel Entrance level to the external ground) and the gallery level (Top Floor Lounge)

Third Floor

Alternative escape routes are provided to every hostel room with two fire-protected staircases on either end of the hostel building.

18m maximum escape route where one fire exit is available and 45m where more than one fire exit is available.

Escape routes and exits are of minimum width of 1100mm in accordance to appendix C of Approved Document B.

Second Floor THIRD FLOOR PLAN 1:400 0

4

8

12

16M

N

Smoke control of common escape routes in by natural smoke ventilation through high level vents in the canopy structure above the atrium of the hostel.

Clear emergency exit (illuminated when required) signage to be installed in common escape routes.

WC

Emergency lighting system to be installed in the in common escape route to illuminate escape routes to final exits of the building.

B2 Internal Fire Spread (linings) SECOND FLOOR PLAN 1:400 0

All interior finishes and fixtures to be fire retardant.

4

8

First Floor

12

16M

N

Concrete internal walls to provide fire resistance between spaces

All doors and openings will have a 60 minutes fire rating.

Suspended ceiling will be fire resistant.

Kitchen to be compartmented with fire-resistant wall lining.

B3 Internal Fire Spread (Structure) FIRST FLOOR PLAN 1:400 0

4

8

12

16M

N

Glulam structural member to be treated fire resistant coating with a minimum 60 min fire resistance rating.

Ground Floor

The use of fire-resisting enclosure and ductwork in ventilation ducts.

Key Escape Route Fire Escape

B4

External Escape Route

External Fire Spread 0

4

8

12

16M Unenclosed Stairs

N

The building is unlikely to be affected by external fire hazard as there is no adjacent building structure.

Enclosed Fire Stairs GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:400

B5 Access And Facilities for Fire And Rescue Service Fire engine access through tram line shared surface.

Dry riser located within fire-protected staircase.

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PART B FIRE SAFETY

PUBLIC ELEMENT (tourist infromation exchange, conference and exhibition space) B1 Means of Warning Electrically-operated smoke and audio and visual fire alarm system to be fitted throughout the building in accordance to BS 5839-1:2002 Voice alarm system to be installed in compliance to BS 58398:1998 Code of practice for the design, installation and servicing of voice alarm systems, to address people who are unfamiliar with fire warning arrangements within the premise.

Manual call points complied BS 5839-2:1983 or Type A of BS EN 54-11:2001 to be installed by the exits and near high risk zones such as kitchens in accordance to BS 5839-1.

Means of Escape Alternative exit to the external ground provided in the cafeteria gallery space (Upper floor seating).

2nd Floor

18m maximum escape route where one fire exit is available and 45m where more than one fire exit is available.

Escape routes and exits are of minimum width of 1100mm in accordance to appendix C of Approved Document B. WC

Smoke control of common escape routes by natural smoke ventilation through high level vents in the canopy structure.

SECOND FLOOR PLAN 1:400 0

4

8

12

16M

N

Clear emergency exit (illuminated when required) signage to be installed in common escape routes.

Emergency lighting system to be installed in the in common escape route to illuminate escape routes to final exits of the building.

B2 First Floor

Internal Fire Spread (linings) All interior finishes and fixtures to be fire retardant.

All doors and openings will have a 60 minutes fire rating.

Suspended ceiling will be fire resistant.

B3 Internal Fire Spread (Structure) FIRST FLOOR PLAN 1:400 0

4

8

12

16M

N

Glulam structural member to be treated fire resistant coating with a minimum 60 min fire resistance rating.

The use of fire-resisting enclosure and ductwork in ventilation ducts.

B4 External Fire Spread The building is unlikely to be affected by external fire hazard as there is no adjacent building structure.

0

4

8

12

16M

N

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:400

Ground Floor

B5 Access And Facilities for Fire And Rescue Service Fire engine access through tram line shared surface and the International Ferry Terminal Landscape Park in the south. .

Key Escape Route Fire Escape External Escape Route Enclosed Fire Stairs Unenclosed Stairs

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PART M ACCESS AND USE OF BUILDINGS

ACCESS Lift access is available at all levels allow step-free navigation through the building.

Escalators at main circulation space of the building provide easier access between the main entrance and the fortress entrance with descent/ascent of 7 metres.

WC

External ramps leading to the tram stop platforms at 1:12 gradient External ramps to the elevated platform at 1:20 gradient.

Handrails provided in all internal and external stairs and steps.

Bollards to indicate tramline crossing.

Artificial lighting strategy to ensure good visibility, facilitating navigation and security in the building FACILITIES

First Floor

Disabled toilets provided in all inhabited levels.

NAVIGATION Brick floor texture differentiates the main route through the building from other parts of the building.

Clear signage strategy to ensure easy navigation around the building.

Ground Floor Key Main Access

Elevator

Stairs

Escalator Ramp

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CONSTRUCTION DESIGN MANAGEMENT risks and managment

OVERALL MANAGEMENT A Construction Design Management Consultant would be engaged by the contractor and enrolled into the design team as early as possible to ensure all regulatory requirements stipulated in CDM (2007) are met throughout the design and construction of the building. The role and responsibility of each member in the design team must be made clear at the outset. Regular meeting would see CDM applied throughout the design and construction of the building.

SITE MANAGEMENT

Site Access Risk: Vehicular Collision On-site security staff to station at the construction site access during working hours to provide assistance.

Risk: Pedestrian accident Flashing amber light to be installed at site access gate.

Site Security Risk: Unauthorised access Hoardings to be installed around the site perimeter to prevent unauthorised access. Monitoring and recording of any guests to be taken through site office. Optional: Security staff on site 24 hours.

WC

WELFARE Provision of adequate welfare facilities on site including lavatory units, showers, canteen, food preparation room, meeting room and sick bay.

EXCAVATION ZONE

EXCAVATION Risk: Potential collapse or structural instability of the existing fortification.

Risk assessment and survey prior to commencement of excavation.

Whereby required or possible, reinforce foundation of existing structure.

CONSTRUCTION Risk: Falling Objects Identifying areas of overhead working. Ensure hard helmets are worn at all times on site.

Risk: Fall from height Safety belt to be worn and anchored at times in construction of the roof canopy structure. Temporary stairs and scaffolding must be installed throughout the construction. Edge conditions of working platform must be considered with provision of railings whereby possible.

SITE OFFICE

SITE ACCESS

SITE BOUNDARY

MAINTENANCE Window cleaning Risk: Fall from height Specified self-cleaning glass to minimise the need of maintenance.

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007 PROCESS & DEVELOPMENT

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process and development

CANOPY DEVELOPMENT

Review 1. Form-making. A monolithic inhabited sloping roof was initially proposed as a new public urban landscape .

Post Review 1. Space making. The monolithic sloping roof was replaced with terraces to provide more functional spaces.

Post Review 1. Hybrid: While terraces provide flat spaces, a monolithic sloping roof was re-introduced to emphasis the importance of the route through the building.

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CANOPY DEVELOPMENT

Review 2. Chaos. Roof transformed into inhabited terraces with hostel rooms opening up to rooftop courtyards.

Post-review 2. Simplification. The scheme was scaled down and a flat roof replaced the anarchic terraces. The canopy rolled back to a simple form.

Post-review 2. Dynamic form. An undulating canopy form was introduced to celebrate the flow of the route through the building and the dynamism of activities it would accommodate.

Post-review 2. Adopting a structural strategy that repsonds with the context.

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CANOPY DEVELOPMENT

Initial sketches of the undulating canopy form and its structural detail.

The final concept: free standing butterfly roof structure.

The final design.

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ROUTE

Review 1. Cascading stairs flanked various public programmes, creating an internal streetscape.

Review 2. Introducing a meandering circulation space with reference to the geometry of the existing route. .

Post-review 2. The introduction of a ramped circulation through the building was an experiment to create various breakout spaces with views out. The idea was to corner condition for social interactions where two ramps meet.

Post-review 2. The complicated ramped circulation was reverted to a much simplified for. Looking back to the original intention of connecting the fortress with the river, the end of the route was relocated to the riverfront.

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ROUTE

Review 3. The scheme was scaled down with the building occupying the hillside of the tramline, creating a open plaza in front of the river. The route was simplified to two flights of stairs.

Review 3. Sketches showing the landscape strategy along the proposed route.

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10

6

7

4 5

3

8

2

1

Final Design.

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HOSTEL

Hostel is a great place to meet people from all over the world. It is a social hub. With the inclusion of the hostel into the programmes of the tourist information exchange, it allows travellers to interact with each another and share their travel experiences and advises. The following diagrams and images show the design development of the hostel in the project.

Initially the hostel was splited into three separate units, each equippe with its own sanlitary and catering facilities.

However considering the size of the facilities and efficiency of space, the common area begins to connect to each other.

The common area became the centre of the hostel.

Formal development of the hostel.

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008 CONCLUSION

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conclusion

FINAL CRIT

Date 7 May 2014 Critics Jo Hibbert, Peter Clegg, Declan O’Carroll, Gavin Miller Review Feedback The critics suggested the use of copper instead of the proposed use of corten as the roofing material. It was also suggested that more transparency in the roof canopy could add to idea of ‘lightness’ in the butterfly form while allowing an interesting play of light. Suggestion of a continuation of the roof structure throughout the entire building was made as there were a couple of anomalies over the design.

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conclusion

FURTHER WORK

The Canopy Design The opacity of the canopy is an attractive yet unexplored idea that would add to the design.

Further work on the analytical study of canopy structure would enhance to the feasibility of the project.

Environment Sustainability Further work on the calculation of the building’s energy requirement and carbon footprint would better inform the environmental design and improve the building design as a whole.

Tourist Information Exchange Further analytical work would be beneficial to supporting the idea of a tourist information exchange that aims to revise the current typology and to promote social interaction. This project, with the limited time available, was out of depth in demonstrating the proposed typological change in the building design.

More theoretical research would potentially enhance feasibility of the proposed revision

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