Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

JUVENILE CORRECTION & REHABILITATION CENTRE

“An architecture of contradiction, where young people prepare for life ‘outside’, while being kept within”

“

Upon completion of my five years in Architecture education, the assumed level of hard work and dedication needed to thrive in such an environment has certainly been confirmed. For me, the past five years have given me a different and a better perspective to think, and has given me a unique approach to the intrinsic nature of design and how it can be applied to daily life.

It is through this realisation that I am able to actuate the creative process to a level that I did not even know existed within myself, never forgetting my experience with the significance of design.

I am always fascinated with the opportunity to make something-to bring a design to life- a result often forgotten within the four walls of the studio.

Whether through drawings, models, or graphics, knowing that what I put in to either one is the result of a design philosophy that entails discipline and creativity, makes it all worth it.

”

-Deepanshu Gambhir

THESIS JUVENILE CORRECTION AND REHABILITATION CENTRE AT TIKRI KHURD, NARELA, DELHI Submitted in the Partial Fulfilment for the Award of degree

BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE by DEEPANSHU GAMBHIR Roll Number: 1600011 Batch: 2016-2021

Thesis Faculty:

Thesis Co-ordinator:

Ar. S.S.Sekhon Ar. Ruchy Lakhani Ar.V.P. Anil Ar. R.L.Goyal

Ar. Swati Behl

Thesis Guide: Ar. Jasbinder Kaur

Submitted to:

INDO GLOBAL COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE ABHIPUR, NEW CHANDIGARH

DECLARATION The research and studio work embodied in this Report has been carried out by the undersigned as part of the 10th semester of 5th year(2020-2021) design studio of the Undergraduate Program in the Department of Architecture, Indo Global Colleges, Mohali under the supervision of thesis guide, Ar. Jasbinder Kaur and thesis Co-ordinator Ar. Swati Behl.

The undersigned hereby declares that this is her original work and has not been plagiarised in part or full from any source, and that this work has not been submitted for any degree in this or any other institution.

_________________ Deepanshu Gambhir Roll Number: 16010(College) 1600011(University) Batch: 2016-2021

CERTIFICATE This thesis was carried out during the months of February to May 2021, the 10th semester of 5th year in the Department of Architecture of Indo Global Colleges, Mohali. Thereafter, based on the declaration of the candidate, the thesis was presented to the external jury on __ June,2021. For this work, the candidate was awarded the following marks: 1.Internal Evaluation during the semester: ____ out of 300 marks.

2. External Jury Evaluation done on ___ June,2021: ____ out of 250 marks.

On successful completion of the Bachelor of Architecture (5-Year degree course) by the candidate, the undersigned hereby accepts the Thesis report on behalf of the Department, so that it may be placed in the Architecture library.

___________

___________

___________

Ar. S.S. Sekhon

Ar. Ruchy Lakhani

Ar. Swati Behl

(Director)

(Principal)

___________ Ar. Jasbinder Kaur (Thesis Guide)

(Thesis Co-ordinator)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all those who have guided and helped me in every stage of my thesis project. Without the support of these people, it would have been very difficult to complete this task smoothly. First

of all I would like to express my gratitude to my thesis guide Ar. Jasbinder Kaur for her invaluable guidance and support throughout.

I would also like to thank my thesis coordinator Ar. Swati Behl, our Principal, Ar. Ruchy Lakhani and the Director, Ar. S.S.Sekhon for his guidance and valuable suggestions throughout the entire process.

My sincere gratitude to my parents and friends for their constant support and encouragement during the entire journey of my Architectural Thesis

CONTENTS TITLE

PAGE NO.

1.

SYNOPSIS 1.1 Juvenile Delinquency 1.2 Major causes of Juvenile Delinquency 1.3 Classification 1.4 Juvenile Justice Act-2015 1.5 Project Description 1.6 Validity 1.7 Scope 1.8 Limitations 1.9 Proposed Site 1.10 Study Methods 1.11 Prototype Studies 1.12 Internet Studies 1.13 Aim 1.14 Objectives

8 9 9-10 10-11 12 12 12 13 13 14-15 16 17 17 17 17

2.

LITERATURE STUDY 2.1 Site Analysis 2.2 Applicable Building Regulations 2.3 Infrastructure and Space Analysis 2.4 Connectivity 2.5 Campus Development 2.6 Circulation and Planning 2.7 Materials 2.8 Climatic Considerations 2.9 Cultural Context 2.10 Urban Spaces and Fenestrations 2.11 Importance of Art in Architecture 2.12 Juvenile Justice Act-20115 CASE STUDIES 3.1 Observation Home (Kota, Rajasthan) 3.2 Juvenile Home (Saidabad, Hyderabad)

18 19 20-22 23-29 30 31-34 34-35 36 36 37 38-39 40 41-66 67 68-73 74-77

4.

INTERNET STUDY 4.1 Youth Centre (Brampton, Canada)

78 79-90

5.

PROGRAMME FORMULATION

6.

CONCEPT 6.1 Design Criteria 6.2 Site Zoning/Layout 6.3 Volumetric Blocking 6.4 Salient Features

91-109 110 111-112 113 114 115-116

7.

PRESENTATION DRAWINGS

117-126

3.

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1. SYNOPSIS Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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1.1 JUVENILE DELINQUENCY: Juvenile Delinquency’ refers to a large variety of disapproved behaviour of children and adolescents which society does not approve of and for what some admonishment; punishment or corrective measure is justified in the public interest.

The perception that juvenile delinquency is a creeping social menace is sharpened because the crimes with which the youths are most often associated are those of wanton violence and destruction where the motive is often difficult to discover.

The term expresses a very extensive meaning, covering hostile and rebellious behaviour of children and their malignant attitude towards society. Certain other acts as such begging, truancy, vagrancy, obscenity, loitering, pilfering, drinking, gambling etc. Which vicious persons

very often commit is also included within the meaning of the term.

It may therefore, be inferred that a juvenile delinquent is an adolescent between childhood and manhood or womanhood as the case may be who indulge in some kind of anti - social behaviour, which if not checked in time may grow into a potential offender.

1.2 MAJOR CAUSES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY: 

Temptation for modern luxuries of life lures young people to resort to wrongful means in order to satisfy their wants cumulatively lead to an enormous increase in juvenile delinquency in urban areas.

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Disintegrated family system and laxity in parental control over children is also another reason for it.

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Increase in divorce cases and matrimonial disputes. Undue discrimination amongst children or step-motherly treatment also makes adverse psychological effect on youngsters.

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Certain biological factors are also responsible for creating delinquent behaviour amongst juveniles. Early psychological maturity and low intelligence carry a major problem; especially to the young Indian girls.

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Migration of deserted and destitute boys to slums brings them closely in contact with antisocial elements caring on prostitution, smuggling of liquor or narcotic drugs and bootlegging.

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In a country like India poverty is one of the potential causes behind juvenile delinquency.

Parent’s failure in providing basic necessities of life such as food and clothing drive to their children to earn money by easier means, no matter what the way is that they will have to choose.



Apart from these all illiteracy, child labour, squalor etc. are other contributing factors aggravating juvenile delinquency

1.3 CLASSIFICATION: 

Observation homes: For the temporary reception of any juvenile in conflict with law during the pendency of any inquiry regarding them under this Act.



Special homes: For reception and rehabilitation of juvenile in conflict with law

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The Observation Homes or Special Homes shall set up separate residential facilities for juvenile up to 12 years, 13-15 years and 16 years and above.

1.4 JUVENILE JUSTICE ACT:  The Juvenile Justice Act (JJA) was enacted by Government of India in 1986.  The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 is the primary legal framework for juvenile justice in India.  Further amended in 2006 [Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Act, 2006]  The juvenile justice (care and protection of children) act, 2000 is an Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to:• Juveniles in conflict with law, and • Children in need of care and protection.  By providing for proper care, protection and treatment, by protection and treatment, by adopting a child-friendly approach in the deposition of matters in the best interest of children, and for their ultimate rehabilitation through various institutions established under this enactment.

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 The act defines “Juvenile” or “Child” as a person who has not completed 18 years of age.

(Sec 2-k of JJA 2000).  A child below 7 years of age will not have to enter the Juvenile Justice System as a Juvenile in conflict with law but can fall within the definition of child in need of care and protection, under Juvenile Justice System.

Types of crimes: • Murder • Rape • Cheating • Kidnapping • Other crimes

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1.5 PROJECT DESCRIPTION: 

Project Name:- Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre.

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Building type:- Institutional

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Client:- Delhi Development Authority (D.D.A.)

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Location:- 28°49’14.78” at Khampur Village, Tikri Khurd, Narela, Delhi.

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Land Use Type:- Public and Semi Public.

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Project Cost:- 20-25 Crores

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Site Area:- 39.62 Acres.

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Approach:- 0.6 km from NH-1.

1.6 VALIDITY: The project was proposed by Aam Aadmi Party(AAP) in 2018 in Narela, Delhi.

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1.7 SCOPE: The scope of the project is very wide as it takes into consideration all necessary facilities and latest provisions in the field of rehabilitation of Juveniles and Addicts.

The campus will include:  Administration and faculty  Juvenile justice court  Vocational training  Services and programming  Juvenile housing  Health and medical services  Library  Computer lab  Dining facilities  Open air theatre  Playground  Farming facilities

1.8 LIMITATIONS: The site allocated by D.D.A. is for two things, a Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Facility and A Central Jail. So the exact dimensions and area which can be used for both the projects are not specified.

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1.9 PROPOSED SITE:  Location:-28°49’14.78” at Khampur Village, Tikri Khurd, Narela, Delhi.  Site Area:- 39.62 Acres.

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1.9 PROPOSED SITE: Zonal Development Plan of Narela, Delhi

PROPOSED SITE

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1.10 STUDY METHODS:

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1.11 PROTOTYPE STUDIES:  Observation Home (Kota, Rajasthan)  Juvenile Home (Saidabad, Hyderabad)

1.12 INTERNET STUDY:  Youth Centre (Brampton, Canada)

1.13 AIM:  Reducing mental pressure in Juvenile Centre through architecture.

 The goal of Centre is to care, teach and discipline Juveniles while providing basic needs and security, educational, vocational, health and medical facilities.

1.14 OBJECTIVES:     

Provide all necessary requirements for detainees in centre.

Offer proper housing and shelter spaces to ensure safety of juveniles and the staff.

Provide food and good services. Provide proper health and medical services.

Provide proper physical and emotional care.

Provide learning and career transition services for the detainees to ensure they are offered the maximum encouragement to develop themselves and continue their education.

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2. LITERATURE STUDY Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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2.1 SITE ANALYSIS: 2.1.1 LOCATION:  Proposed site is located at Khampur Village, Tikri Khurd, Narela, Delhi.  It’s coordinates are:- 28°49’37.80”N 77°07’13.47”E. 2.1.2 SIZE:  Size of proposed site is 39.52 Acres or 16 Hectares.  The site is proposed for a Central Jail and a Juvenile and Rehabilitation Centre.  Juvenile and Rehabilitation centre will cover 8 Acres or 3.23 Hectares and the rest will be covered by Central Jail i.e. 31.52 Acres or 12.75 Hectares.

2.1.3 SURROUNDED BY:    

Tikri khurd village on North.

All India radio on South.

NH1 on East side(1km away) .

DSIDC Industrial area on West side.

2.1.4 TOPOGRAPHY: The topography of the site is plain having difference of less than 1 m.

2.1.5 SPECIAL FEATURES: There are no special features like mountains, water front, hills, etc. on the proposed site.

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2.2 APPLICABLE BUILDING REGULATIONS: 2.2.1 BUILDING BYELAWS:

The proposed site is in Narela, Delhi.



Building byelaws which are applicable here are Unified Building byelaws for Delhi 2016 which are given by Delhi Development Authority(D.D.A.).



After 2016 their were various alterations in these byelaws but their were no major alterations.



The regulations which are not covered by Unified building byelaws for Delhi 2016 will be covered by National Building Code(N.B.C.).

2.2.2 ARCHITECTURAL CONTROLS:- (as per N.B.C.)



The open space around the building shall not be less than 6m.

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The maximum height of building shall not exceed 1.5 times the width of road abutting plus the front open space, subject to the requirement of front open space of a maximum of 16m.

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The boundary walls of institutional buildings may be permitted up to 2.4 m height.

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For all buildings above 15 m in height and in special occupancies like institutional having area more than 500m2 on each floor provision shall be made for an independent and ventilated meter room.



Staircase width of institutional building shall not be less than 2m .

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2.2 APPLICABLE BUILDING REGULATIONS: 2.2.2 ARCHITECTURAL CONTROLS

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2.2 APPLICABLE BUILDING REGULATIONS: 2.2.2 ARCHITECTURAL CONTROLS

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2.3 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SPACE ANALYSIS: 2.3.1 SPACE REQUIREMENTS:  Juvenile centre can vary in size depending on the number of people it will be serving, and the various programs and activities offered to the residents.  Short-term custodial facilities are approximately 500 – 650 square feet per resident, where as a long-term residential facility with an extensive educational and recreational services can reach up to 700 – 800 square feet per resident in order to accommodate educational, vocational, recreational, and rehabilitation programs. In general, smaller facilities tend to have more square feet per resident because they do not benefit from the economics of the scale.  For example, the space required for specific shared activities of a certain number of persons, such as food preparation, indoor recreation, and administration, are not averaged over a large number of residents.  Juveniles in secure detention centres do not normally leave the facility unless there is a special circumstance. Therefore, a number of related facilities that are essential to accommodate the life of a youth on a daily basis have to be provided.  Dormitory: 40 Sq.ft. per juvenile min.

 Classroom: 300 Sq. for 25 juvenile min.  Workshop: 75 Sq. ft. per juvenile min.  Play ground: Sufficient play ground area according to the total number of juveniles in the institution.

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According to their capabilities, Juveniles are engaged in a useful, productive and remunerative occupation and supported to participate in all social, creative or recreational activities ensuring their full participation in all spheres their lives. Result in sustainable functional limitations in three or more of the following areas of major life

Activities:       

Self-care Expressive and receptive language Learning Mobility Self-direction Capacity for independent living Economic self-sufficiency

Requirements:        

Juvenile Housing Education Indoor and outdoor recreation Religious services Food services/dining Medical services Laundry services Maintenance

Norms for building The norms for building for an institution with 50 juveniles shall be as under:                   

2 Dormitories – Each 1000 Sq. ft. for 25 juveniles 2 Classrooms – 300 Sq. ft. for 25 juveniles/children i.e. 600 Sq. ft.

Sickroom/First aid room – 75 Sq. ft. per juvenile/children for 10 i.e. 750 Sq. ft Kitchen – 250 Sq. ft Dining Hall – 800 Sq. ft Store – 250 Sq. ft Recreation room - 300 Sq. ft Library – 500 sq. ft 5 bathrooms – 25 Sq. ft. each i.e. 125 Sq.ft 8 toilets/latrines – 25 Sq. ft. each i.e. 200 Sq. ft Office rooms – 300 Sq. ft.

Superintendent's room – 200 sq. fit Counselling and guidance room – 120 Sq. ft.

Workshop – 1125 Sq. ft. for 15 juvenile@75 Sq, ft. per trainee Residence for Superintendent – 2 rooms of 250 Sq. ft. each kitchen 75 Sq. ft. bathroom cum Toilet/latrine 50 Sq. ft TOTAL – 8495 Sq. ft.

2 Rooms for Juvenile Justice Board – 300 Sq. ft. each Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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2.3 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SPACE ANALYSIS: 2.3.1.1 RECEPTION AND WAITING AREA

Reception spaces are both the first and last areas with which the visitor interacts and, accordingly, have considerable visual impact in communicating that image . Not only must the reception space look attractive, but it must function properly as well . The minimum height of the opening above the floor has been established at 78 in, or 198.1 cm. Sitting height and eye height are significant in providing unobstructed vision .

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2.3 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SPACE ANALYSIS: 2.3.1.1 RECEPTION AND WAITING AREA

Basic workstation with visitor seating

The work task zone must be large enough to accommodate the paperwork, equipment, and other accessories that support the user's function . In no case should this distance be less than 76 .2 cm, needed to provide adequate space for the chair clearance zone . The visitor seating zone, ranging in depth 76 .2 to 106 .7 cm.

Basic U shaped work station

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2.3 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SPACE ANALYSIS: 2.3.1.1 RECEPTION AND WAITING AREA The typical workstation expanded into the basic U-shaped configuration. The work/activity zone dimension range 116 .8 to 147 .3 cm ; additional space is needed to allow for drawer extension of the lateral file . Not only does it provide more storage, the lateral file unit is generally the same height as that of the work surface and is often utilized as a supplementary work surface 2.3.1.2 STANDARD CLASSROOM ARRANGEMENT

Standard classroom arrangement

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2.3.1.2 STANDARD CLASSROOM ARRANGEMENT  SPACE REQUIREMENT OF CLASSROOM FOR TRADITIONAL TEACHING – 2.00 M SQ/P. ; FOR TEACHER – 3 SQ. M/P – 4,5 DQ. M/P  STANDARD ROOM SHAPE – RECTANGULAR OR SQUARE (12X20 , 12X16, 12X16 , 12X10) ; WINDOWS ON ONE SIDE OF ROOM ONLY.  FLOOR AREA – 1.8 – 2 SQ. M/P , OPEN PLAN 3-5 SQ. M/P .  CLEAR HEIGHT SHOULD BE 2.7 – 3.4M.  FOR LECTURE HALLS – 0.60 SQ.M/P TO 0.8 - .9 SQ. M/P

2.3.1.3 TOILETS

Toilet layout for boys

Toilet layout for teachers

Toilet layout for girls

Toilet layout for teachers

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2.3.1.4 LIBRARY

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2.4 CONNECTIVITY: 

The following diagram illustrates the inmate flow through the reception component of a detention facility.



This diagram gives insight to the detailed spaces required upon the entrance of the youth from the arrangement till his/her entrance to the detention housing unit.

Flowchart showing connectivity of different areas Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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2.5 CAMPUS DEVELOPEMENT: 2.5.1 APPROACH ROAD AND ENTRY/EXIT: 

The approach road to the site is north-west direction.

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The width of the approach road is 15m.

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This road is further connected to NH-1 on East side.

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There will be 2 entry/exits to the site from 15 m wide approach road.

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2.5.2 PARKING STANDARDS:

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2.5.3 PARKING LAYOUTS:

2.5.4 VEHICULAR/PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT: Their will be vehicular movement till the parking area in the site and the rest will be pedestrian movement.

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2.5.5 ROAD SECTIONS:

2.6 CIRCULATION AND PLANNING: 2.6.1 SERVICE CORE: Following regulations regarding the service core are referred from NBC 2016.

2.6.2 STAIRCASE:

 MINIMUM CLEAR WIDTH OF STAIRCASE = 1500 mm  MINIMUM TREAD = 300 mm  MAXIMUM RISER = 150 mm  Antiskid materials such as marble, antiskid tiles should be used for staircase  Other aspects of staircase design & construction should comply with NBC. 2.6.3 LIFTS:

 All lifts must be designed as per Fire Safety section in NBC.  There must be a lift at every 30m for making the building accessible in absence of  

ramps.

Lifts should be designed as per the load carrying expectations in that particular sector of the complex. More number and larger lifts are used in areas with higher footfalls.

The lift size, capacity & strength should comply with NBC. Occupant load for each sector should be considered while planning Lifts

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2.6.4 ESCALATORS:

 They are used when people use to travel not more than 2 storeys up or down in a very 

large number.

The escalators size, capacity & strength should comply with NBC.

2.6.5 RAMPS AND CORRIDOR:

 MINIMUM WIDTH (SINGLY LOADED) = 1500 mm  MINIMUM WIDTH (DOUBLE LOADED) = 1800 mm  Non slippery material should be used to make it easier for Wheeler to be operated.  SLOPE OF RAMP = As per NBC

Landing detail for ramp (Source:-NBC 2016) Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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2.7 MATERIALS: The building materials which can be used in the masonry are:-

Bricks

Concrete blocks

Stonework

Gabion

The building materials which can be used for structural components are: Wood

 Concrete

 Bamboo

 Metal

 Stone

 Engineering plastics

 Cement

 Composite materials

The building materials which can be used for external cladding are: Ceramics

 Concrete fibre board

 Aluminium composite panels(ACP)

 Glass

 Terracotta

 Reinforced concrete panels

 Copper

 Wood , etc.

2.8 CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS:  In Winter:-Day time temperature is 10-25 degree Celsius Night time is 4-10 degree Celsius.  In Summer:--Day time temperature is around 40-45 degree Celsius Night time it goes around 30-35 degree Celsius.  Solar Radiation:--High intensity in summer Solar radiation is low in Monsoon.  Sky Conditions:-Clear in winters , dull in monsoons , hazy in summers.  Winds:-Strong during monsoons , hot and dusty in summers , dry and cold in winters.  Trees and water bodies for evaporate cooling;  Orientation plays a major role.  Perfect designed windows in case of winters for direct solar heat gain.  Tree provide oxygen and limit carbon in the atmosphere.  Tree reduce air pollution, provide food and shelter for wildlife, minimize erosion and maintain healthy soil, increase rainfall, and absorb sunlight as energy.  Trees can have a dramatic effect on the weather systems in their area Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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2.9 CUTURAL CONTEXT: Architecture is the manifestation and expression of Culture. So, Architecture and Culture are interdependent and inseparable.

Architecture is the part of identity of each community and carries the message of culture of that society.

Therefore, Architecture depends upon the geography, cultures, traditions, manners and knowledge of the community as well as its history.

The form and relationships of buildings and spaces acts as a kind of 'cultural marker', which can describe the way of life and social status of its inhabitants. There is no doubt that architecture and layout of buildings, and their interior and exterior facades are among the manifestations of civilization and culture of each community.

The physical features of Architecture such as shape, size, decorations, and constructions style etc. are practiced through the cultural system of society.

Architecture is the results of dynamic thought of creating space influenced by factors like beauty, knowledge and design. It can be said that, the space defined by architecture is stable or not is defined by the needs of today's society or Culture of inhabitants of that society. Culture is the product of experience from past time to present time.

Main aspects of culture in architecture: Shape, Forms, Styles and Space of Buildings.

 Design Principles with Context.  Material and Technology for Construction.

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2.10 URBAN SPACES AND FENESTRATION: 2.10.1 URBAN SPACES:Urban space tends to the attractive recreational area that connects to separated areas or blocks –  INNER COURTYARD – the minimum area of a closed courtyard abutted by habitable room shouldn’t be less than 9 sq.m.

 The width of such courtyard shouldn’t be less than 2.5 m  The clear width of courtyard should not be less than 1/5th of the height of the abutting building  OUTER COURTYARD – The minimum width of the outer courtyard shall not be less than 2.4M, it shall not be treated as outer courtyard / open space and the provision shall not apply.  PLANTING OF TREES – planting of trees in street and in open spaces should be done carefully to take advantage of both shade and sunshine without handicapping the flow of natural winds.

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2.10 URBAN SPACES AND FENESTRATION: 2.10.2 FENESTRATION:  

Fenestration refers to the openings in the building envelope, including the installation of windows, doors, and skylights.

The total area of these openings, excluding doors and inclusive of the frames shall not be less than 1/10th of the total floor area In case the light is derived from a veranda then the width of the veranda shall not be less than 1.83m and depth not less than 3m.

Functional criterion of fenestration –    

Sound / acoustic separation and control Safety glazing requirements Security forced entry and vandalism resistance Maintainability – cleaning and repair

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2.11 IMPORTANCE OF ART IN ARCHITECTURE: Art and architecture have a deep connection that unites them through design. Both are created using the same organising principles, the same visual fundamentals and the same composition of the senses. They are expressive and communicative at the same time.

The human mind consistently needs stimuli from new ideas, new processes of doing things as well as a whole new approach that will help human beings to accept and live with each other with understanding, empathy and harmony.

Art needs an appropriate built environment within which it can be showcased to greatest effect, while architecture needs art to turn bricks, steel and concrete into a space in which people want to live, to learn, to shop and to work.

Art can be used in various forms like paintings, murals, mosaics, relief works or sculptures to enhance the beauty of a space.

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2.12 JUVENILE JUSTICE ACT -2015: 2.12.1 JUVENILE DELIQUENCY 

Crime is defined legally as violation of the law. Children in conflict with law are boys and girls below eighteen years of age, alleged to have committed offences and have been taken into custody by the police under the purview of the juvenile justice system.



Children are vulnerable to abusive negative circumstances are influenced often by adults to engaged in crime.



They too need sensitive and protective measures for suitable rehabilitation and they are also children for which children get convicted who need care and protection.

Some of the offences could be:

1.

Burglary, stealing and petty thefts

2.

Murder

3.

rape/molestation & sexual abuse

4.

Causing grievous hurt or injury to another

5.

Other minor offences

Some of the factors that lead to juvenile crime are: 

Poverty: poverty deprives children of socio-cultural and economic opportunities for growth and development. Poverty related circumstances like severe hunger, illness, addictions, parental neglect, aggravate the situation. Such children are at greater risk than others of being induced into crime.



Family: criminal acts of family members influence children and sometimes they themselves induct children into offences.

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Lack of appropriate guidance and discipline : inconsistent discipline, parental indifference , abusive parenting can lead to poor self image and personality problems, making children vulnerable to negative influences outside the home.



Home situation : Disintegration of the “families at risk”, severe family crisis, system, migration, and urbanization has all weakened the positive and nurturing influence of family on the child. Tension and emotional disturbances and abuse at home may drive the child away from the home and become vulnerable to criminal influences.

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

Victims of abuse: research indicates a correlation between child abuse and subsequent delinquency.

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School dropouts: not attending school regularly in truancy, indulging in unhealthy leisure activities and committing petty crimes to earn a living.

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Exposure to media: exposure to media violence not only increases physical aggressiveness in children but also makes them more accepting of violence.

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Peer influence: in adolescence, experimenting with drugs , gambling , drinking , inappropriate sexual behavior ,desire for quick money, getting involved in youth gangs often lead to violence of crime.

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Lack of age appropriate sex education: this often leads to sexual abuse and molestation and even rape by young children.



Gang culture: observed especially among children where the street gang is the substitute family and the child gets bullied into the anti-social activities of the gang in return for survival, protection or favor.

2.12.2 JUVENILE CRIME RATE IN INDIA: 

The society in India has been facing an increase in problems regarding youth groups and individuals that are committing crimes and misbehaviour actions that are mainly unsolved and ignored.



guarantee character improvement and enhance their skills and abilities to be better suited and released back into the community.

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2.12.3 INTRODUCTION: o The Juvenile Justice Act (JJA) was enacted by Government of India in 1986. o The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 is the primary legal framework for juvenile justice in India. o Further amended in 2006 [Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Act, 2006] o The juvenile justice (care and protection of children) act, 2000 is an Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to  juveniles in conflict with law, and  children in need of care and protection, o by providing for proper care, protection and treatment , by adopting a child-friendly approach in the disposition of matters in the best interest of children , and for their ultimate rehabilitation through various institutions established under this enactment. o The Act defines “juvenile” or “child” as a person who has not completed eighteenth year of age. [Sec 2(k) of JJA 2000] o

A child below 7 years of age cannot be prosecuted and will not have to enter the juvenile justice system as a juvenile in conflict with law but can fall within the definition of child in need of care and protection, under juvenile justice system .

2.12.4 JUVENILE IN CONFLICT WITH LAW (JCL) 

Juvenile who is alleged to have committed an offence and has not completed eighteenth year of age as on the date of commission of such offence. (Section 2(l) of JJA Amendment Act 2006).

2.12.5 JUVENILE JUSTICE BOARDS



JCL cases can only be heard in the juvenile justice board (JJB) and not by another court.



JJBs must contain a Metropolitan or Judicial magistrate and two social workers of whom at least one shall be a woman.

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

In the event of any difference of opinion among the members of the Board in the interim or final disposition, the opinion of the majority shall prevail, but where there is no such majority, the opinion of the principal Magistrate, shall prevail.

2.12.6 OBSERVATION HOMES 

For the temporary reception of any juvenile in conflict with law during the pendency of any inquiry regarding them under this Act.



Set up in every district or a group of districts.



Established and maintained by the State government either by itself or under an agreement with voluntary organizations.

2.12.7 SPECIAL HOMES 

For reception and rehabilitation of juvenile in conflict with law



Set up in every district or a group of districts.



Established and maintained by the State government either by itself or under an agreement with voluntary organizations.

2.12.8 APPREHENSION OF JUVENILE IN CONFLICT WITH LAW 

As soon as a juvenile in conflict with law is apprehended by police, he shall be placed under the charge of the special juvenile police unit (SJPU) or the designated police officer



The juvenile shall be produced before the Board within a period of 24 hours of his apprehension.

2.12.9 BAIL OF JUVENILE 

Bail is available to juveniles in all cases as long as the JJB find the release of this child will not place him in any danger or in the influence of criminals.



If the child is not released on bail he is only to be placed into the custody of an Observation Home or a place of safety for such period during the pendency of the inquiry.

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2.12.10 ORDERS THAT MAY BE PASSED If the Juvenile has committed the offence, the Board may 

Allow the juvenile to go home after advice or admonition; counseling to the parent or the guardian and the juvenile



Direct the juvenile to participate in group counseling and similar activities.



Order the juvenile to perform community service.



Order the parent of the juvenile or the juvenile himself to pay a fine, if he/she over fourteen and earns money.



Direct the juvenile to be released on probation of good conduct and placed under the care of any parent, guardian or other fit person executing a bond for good behavior & well being of juvenile for a period not exceed 3 years.



Direct the juvenile to be released on probation of good conduct and placed under the care of any fit institution for a period not exceeding 3 years.



Make an order directing the juvenile to be sent to a special home for a period of 3 years or less.



The JJB on orders received from the State Government may order a juvenile (16 - 18 years) to be kept under protective custody if offense of a very serious nature is committed and the juvenile’s conduct and behavior is such that the measures provided under this Act is not suitable or sufficient.

2.12.11 ORDERS THAT MAY NOT BE PASSED



No juvenile in conflict with law shall be sentenced to death or imprisonment for any term which may extend to imprisonment for life



A juvenile can not be committed to prison for inability to pay a fine or for not furnishing security.

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2.12.12 EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN FOR A CRIME i. ii.

This act also has provisions to penalize people who exploit children for a crime.

Employment of juvenile or Child for begging -imprisonment for a term that may extend to 3 years and shall also be liable to fine.

iii. Cruelty to juvenile or child-Imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or fine or with both. iv. Provides a child with drugs or alcohol – Imprisonment for a term which may extend to 3 years and shall also be liable to fine.

2.12.13 CHILDREN IN NEED OF CARE AND PROTECTION (CNCP) 

CNCP cases are heard by the Child Welfare Committee (CWC).



The committee has a chairperson and four other members of whom at least one should be a woman and at least one expert in children's issues.



The purpose of the CWC is to provide for the care, treatment, protection, rehabilitation and development of the child



The committee may commit a child to the Children's home or a Shelter home if the child has no immediately available family or support system.

2.12.14 CHILDREN'S HOMES OR SHELTER HOMES 

Set up in ever district or a group of districts.



Established and maintained by the State government either by itself or under an agreement with voluntary organizations.



Children Home: For the reception of child in need of care and protection for their care, treatment, education, training, development and rehabilitation.



Shelter homes function as drop in centers for children in need of urgent support.



Restoration of and protection to a child is the prime objective of any children’s home or shelter homes.

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2.12.15 REHABILITATION AND SOCIAL INTEGRATION This section discusses certain non-institutional solutions such as (i) adoption, (ii) foster care,

(iii) sponsorship, and (iv) sending child to an after care organization. i.

Orphaned and abandoned children are eligible for adoption.

ii.

Foster care is used for temporary placement of children who are to be given for adoption.

iii. Sponsorship programs provide supplementary support to families, to children’s homes and to special homes to meet educational, nutritional, medical and other needs of the children. iv. After-care organizations are set up to take care of children or juveniles after they leave special homes or children homes.

2.12.16 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND STANDARD OF CARE & FACILITIES 2.12.16.1 Physical Infrastructure:



The Observation Homes and Special Homes shall be child-friendly and it should not look like a jail or lock-up.



The Observation Homes or Special Homes shall set up separate residential facilities for juvenile up to 12 years, 13-15 years and 16 years and above.



The institutions shall have sufficient space for every juvenile and shall include a minimum of following facilities:



Dormitory: 40 Sq.ft. per juvenile.



Classroom: 300 Sq. for 25 juvenile.



Workshop: 75 Sq. ft. per juvenile.

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

Adequate lighting, ventilation, heating and cooling arrangements, safe drinking water and clean toilets shall be provided.

First aid kit, fire extinguishers in kitchen, dormitories, store rooms, counselling room, periodic review of electrical installations, proper storage and inspection of articles of food stuffs, stand-by arrangements for water storage and emergency lighting shall be 2.12.16.2 Standard of care & facilities

Every institution shall have basic facilities including the following: 

Sufficient treated drinking water;



Sufficient water for bathing, washing clothes, maintenance and cleanliness of the premises;



Proper drainage system and arrangements for disposal of garbage;



Protection from mosquitoes by providing mosquito nets; annual pest control;



Sufficient number of toilets (at least one toilet for seven children);



Sufficient number of bathrooms in the (at least one bath room for ten children).

2.12.16.3 Clothing and Bedding : Clothing and bedding shall be as per the climatic conditions, more specifically as laid down in Schedule including the following: 

Skirts & blouse or salwar kammez or sari for girls and under garments 5-6 sets per year;



Shirts & pants or shorts for boys and under garments 4-5 sets per year;



Woollen garments; Mattresses, bed sheets, pillow, quilt, towels etc. Slippers and shoes; School bags and stationary.

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2.12.16.4 Meals and Diet



The Institution shall provide four meals to the Children after preparing the menu with the help of nutritional experts or doctor, ensuring a balanced diet and variety in taste along with adherence of minimum nutritional standards.

2.12.16.5 Medical and Mental Health Care 2.12.16.5 (a) Medical Record



The Institution shall maintain a medical record of each juvenile including height, weight, sickness and treatment and other physical and mental problems.

2.12.16.5(b) Monthly Medical Check-Up 

There shall be monthly medical check up of juvenile and the institution shall provide necessary medical facilities including a doctor, medical equipment for minor health problems, fist aid kit, stock of emergency medicines, consumables and immunization coverage.



The staff shall be trained in handling first aid.



The Institution shall take preventive measures in the event of out break of contagious or infectious diseases.

2.12.16.5(c) Tie-up with Local Primary Health Centre



Institution shall tie-up with local Primary Health Centre, government hospital, medical colleges, other hospitals, clinical psychologists and psychiatrists and mental health institutes for regular visits by their doctors and students and for holding periodic health camps within the institution.

2.12.16.5(d) Drug Abuse Prevention and Rehabilitation Programme 

Institution shall refer such children who require specialized drug abuse prevention and rehabilitation programme, to an appropriate centre administered by qualified personnel where these programmes shall be adopted to the age, gender and other specifications of the concerned child.

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2.12.16.5(e) Mental Health Record



A mental health record of every juvenile shall be maintained by the concerned institution.



Services of trained counsellors or psychologists or psychiatrists may be taken to provide for specialized and regular individual therapy for every juvenile.

2.12.16.6 Education Facilities 

Every institution shall provide education to all juvenile, inside the institution or outside.



The institution shall make arrangement of educational opportunities with schools, non formal education institutions and from special educators.



Extra coaching shall be made available to school going children in the institutions by encouraging volunteer services or tying up with coaching centres.

2.12.16.7 Vocational Training 

Every institution shall provide gainful vocational training to juvenile.[Rule 48 (a)]



The institutions shall develop networking with Institute of Technical Instruction, Jan Shikshan Sansthan, Government and Private Organization or Enterprises, Agencies or nongovernmental organisations with expertise or placement agencies.

2.12.16.8 Recreation Facilities



A provision for guided recreation shall be made available to all juveniles in the institutions including indoor and outdoor games, music, television, picnics, outgoings, cultural programmes and library.

2.12.16.9 Daily Routine 

Every institution shall have a daily routine for the juveniles developed in consultation with the Children's Committees, which shall be prominently displayed at various places within the institution.

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

The daily routine shall provide, for a regulated and disciplined life, personal hygiene and cleanliness, physical exercise, yoga, educational classes, vocational training, organized recreation and games, moral education, group activities, prayer and community singing and special programmes.

2.12.17 MANAGEMENT AND STAFF 2.12.17.1 Management Committee Every Institution shall have a Management Committee for the management of the institution and/or monitoring the progress of every juvenile.

Composition The Management Committee shall consist of: 

District Child Protection Officer (District Child Protection Unit)- Chairperson



Officer-in-charge -Member Secretary



Probation Officer or Child Welfare Officer or Case Worker - Member



Medical Officer - Member



Psychologist or Counsellor - Member



Workshop Supervisor or Instructor in Vocation- Member



Teacher - Member



Social Worker Member of Juvenile Justice Board or Child Welfare Committee- Member



A Juvenile representative from each of the Children's Committees (on a monthly rotation basis to ensure representation of juveniles or children from all age groups)- Member



Voluntary organizations providing professional and technical services like education , vocational training, psychosocial care, mental health intervention and legal aid- Special Invitee

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2.12.17.2 Meeting



The Management Committee shall meet every month.



The Committee shall review the Children's Suggestion Book at least once in three months.

2.12.17.3 Duties and Functions The Management Committee shall consider and review — 

Custodial care, housing, area of activity and type of supervision or interventions required;



Medical facilities and treatment;



Food, water, sanitation and hygiene conditions;



Vocational training and opportunities for employment;



Education and life skills development programmes;



Social adjustment, recreation, group work activities, guidance counselling;



Release or restoration including pre and post release; Daily routine;



Community participation and voluntarism in the residential life of children such as education, vocational activities, recreation and hobby;

2.12.17.4 Complaint Redressal Mechanism & Suggestion



The Management Committee shall set up a complaint and redress mechanism in every institution.



Children's Suggestion Book shall be maintained where the complaints and action taken are duly recorded.



Children's Suggestion Box to be checked every week by the Chairperson or his representative from the District Child Protection Unit.



All suggestions received through the suggestion box and action taken as a result of the decisions shall be placed before the Management Committee.

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2.12.17.5 Duties and Functions The committee would be involved in activities relating to: 

Improvement of the condition of the institution;



Preparing daily routine and diet scale; developing educational; vocational and recreation plans;



Reporting abuse and exploitation by peers and caregivers;



Creative expression of views through wall papers or newsletters or paintings or music or theatre.

2.12.18 Staff / Personnel 

The strength of staff of an institution shall be fixed on the basis of capacity of institution, work load, category of children etc. They shall be appointed in accordance with the educational qualifications, training and experience.



Suggested staffing pattern for an institution with a capacity of 100 juveniles could be as mentioned below–



Officer-in-Charge (Superintendent) – 1



Counsellor – 2



Probation Officer – 3



House Mother or House Father – 4



Educator – 2 (voluntary or part time)



Doctor – 1



Paramedical staff – 1



Store-keeper cum Accountant – 1



Art & Craft cum Music Teacher – 1 (Part Time)

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

PT Instructor cum Yoga Trainer – 1 (Part Time)



Driver – 1



Cook – 2



Helper – 2



Housekeeping – 2



Gardner – 1 (Part Time)



Psychiatrist, Psychologist, Occupational Therapist & Other



Professionals (Part Time as may be required)

2.12.19 Adaptive skills essential for daily functioning for Juveniles in Education/ training/ health: 

Social Skills Interpersonal Responsibility Self-esteem Gullibility (likelihood of being tricked or manipulated) Naiveté Follows rules Obeys laws Avoid victimization

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

Practical skills



Human development activities



Teaching and Education activities



Home living activities



Community living activities



Employment activities



Health and safety activities

2.12.20 Project Guide for Designing a Juvenile Facility 

Juvenile Facility Design



Flow of Movement



Analysis of Need



Safety, Security, and Management Priorities



Environmental Character



Daily Programming Activities and Opportunities



Staffing Efficiency



Planning and Design Process



Space Requirements



Cultural/ Social Issues



Design Guidelines of Maximum and Medium Cellblocks JUVENILE CORRECTION & REHABILITATION CENTRE

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2.12.21 Juvenile facility design 

Designing a juvenile facility highly depends on understanding the needs and requirements of the users of the facility: the inmates and employees that are responsible for taking care of the youth.



In order to have a well-designed facility that comprehends its function, it is essential to look beyond just creating spaces or an attractive façade.



A good design greatly depends on the development of spaces that offer a positive outcome of the residents and at the same time is responsive to the inmates and staff.



It should also comprehend the other essential functions of the facility, such as daily programs, safety, security, and affirmative management.



The most important factor to remember while designing a juvenile centre is the importance of providing a positive interference in the lives of the youth and offering all the essential needs for an optimistic rehabilitation.



Custodial care is usually the last alternative in a series of interventions that is offered by the justice system.



Therefore, it could be the last opportunity for youth to consider their actions and redirect them to a path that is free of crime.



It is important to guaranty that the environment created for the youth supports them in every aspect of their lives and encourages positive energy among the juveniles in order to achieve effective cooperation.



Therefore, it is essential that the spaces and programs are well developed and integrated with the residential environment of the centre.



Even for the short-term juveniles, the purpose of the centre should be effective enough to teach them discipline while they are present.

The focus of the design of a youth detention centre should be directed to the establishment of spaces that encourage teaching and learning in all aspects of the 

human life, such as casual living and family related activities, social interactions, and academic education.



In the past few years, the purpose of the juvenile facilities have been aiming to enhance the characteristic qualities of the juveniles by accommodating a greater number of inmates and providing larger housing units in more restrictive construction materials and hardware.



It is essential to understand that for a juvenile facility is not a jail, it is merely a secure place that under the best circumstances hopes to present a better future for the troubled juveniles.

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2.12.22 Flow of movement: 

The following diagram illustrates the inmate flow through the reception component of a detention facility.



This diagram gives insight to the detailed spaces required upon the entrance of the youth from the arrangement till his/her entrance to the detention housing unit .

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2.12.23 Analysis of Need: 

It is common for local authorities to develop a secure juvenile detention facility to solve the problems of youth, especially in communities where there are very few recourses and activities for them.



Such a facility provides a demanding action to youths’ misbehaviours. Therefore, this could mean that inmates of the centre have no transportation to access facilities.



Law enforcements and the courts could also make it obligatory for the juveniles and their families to participate in different activities such as, problem-solving and self-treatment services.



The safety and security provided at the juvenile centre determines the success of the project.

Thus, a more secure and safe detention centre would hopefully prove to be positively affective.



Past studies about youth detention centres suggest that secure detention should be adjustable to the juveniles intervention needs.



Some juveniles require secure custody, while most of the other youths can be managed by the local programs of the centre and at the same time will not jeopardize the safety or cause threats for fellow inmates or the community.



Thus, secure custody should be exclusively categorized for the youth whom might present a threat to others, the public, or the court process.



It is essential to recognize the importance of providing secure residential care for the juvenile criminals. A limited number of youth who enter the juvenile justice system need this exclusive attention.



Yet, various authorize who acknowledge the importance of such a facility for the youth spend money to provide the essentials of a place for the juveniles.



On the other hand, sometimes the programs and services that require the facility to function effectively are ignored, and this results to accepting various kinds of youth offenders whom might not even need to be physically restricted.



In this case, authorities usually are in demand to extend the perimeters of the project and over-build to accommodate the other facilities.



For a youth detention facility to operate effectively, the various needs of inmates have to be accommodated. These programs may include:

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- Day treatment

- Alternative education

- After school report

- Shelter care/staff secure

- Juvenile and family counselling - Group care/treatment

- Job skills training - Restitution/community work



Space programs and other accommodations to support the listed programs can be incorporated into the centre or found in new-planed facilities or they can exist a different location.



These enhancement programs do not need a secure construction; therefore, the development costs of such projects are considerably lower.



These programs require a specific number of juveniles to be present in the centre to have an active community on the campus. The operational costs of these listed services are considered to be low.

2.12.24 Safety, Security and Management Priorities: 

Residential facilities for juveniles might vary in their security level. Some of them might have maximum, medium, or minimum security, or a combination of them.



Regardless of the security level, a juvenile centre should provide a safe environment that would protect them from any harm. The residents of the centre should understated presence of the staff and their interactions with youth should enhance their feeling of security. And for small group sizes, the chances for privacy and defining boundaries inside and outside of the buildings should be clear for the youth.



The feeling of security and safety and the absence of perceived threats will reduce defensive and aggressive behaviour among the youth.



The present staff and people working in the centre should also be confident that they are safe at all times.



This would encourage the staff and workers to act more effectively and efficiently and at the same time, enhance the cooperation among them and the juveniles.



If the staff does not feel secure at any time or, their personal safety is uncertain, this might result in them withdrawing from participating in the residential activities of the centre.



In order to achieve the highest levels of security possible, residents of the centre should be observed and their actions monitored at all times, and they should also be aware that they are being watched at all times.

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

In the housing units of the centre, residents should be directly supervised and in the common living spaces, their action should be monitored by the staff inside the housing areas and supported by the staff outside of the housing units.



This method of observation is preferred in most of the juvenile programs. It is also important to recognize that the staff in other locations should easily monitor the activities taking place in the housing units. In the residential area, small group activities should be permitted to allow residents to separated themselves from others or be separated from staff, as required.



In places that are physically secure, the development of various activity zones are necessary, thus, staff should control the access between the zones. For example, from living area to dayroom, from multipurpose room to living area, from outdoor spaces to the housing unit, and from housing units to education or recreational activity zones.



The main areas that need access control usually involve staff control of locked doors.



It is important that attention should be given for the development of easily monitored housing units, along with programs areas, such as, educational, recreational, dining, and visiting, as well as special attention should be given to circulation routes to clearly mark their access and exit points.



The perimeters of the building have to be extremely secure to prevent unauthorized access and egress from the facility. However, security fixtures and materials within the building can be less preventive and obstructive.



Secure constructions can assist staff to do their job more efficiently to make the management for access easier to monitor and removes the threats of escape.



Nevertheless, security construction cannot replace the efforts of staff working with youth in providing a secure and safe environment for them.



Staff can encourage youth and minimize the chances of escape by treating them fairly and responding to their problems as they occur.



The facility design within itself aims to encourage the supervision of all spaces used by residents, the easy accessibility to the different services and facilities in the centre, and supports interaction between staff and residents.

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2.12.25 Environmental Character: 

The environmental character of the centre should encourage the residents to accept rehabilitation, as well as allow for integrated of outdoor and indoor activities. Some essential issues that relate to the design of a youth detention centre and affect the environmental character of the place can include the following factors:



Allow for open interior spaces to view the outside;



Permit openings that allow natural lighting into indoor spaces to reduce the perception of crowding;



Accessibility to outdoor spaces from the housing units and program areas to reduce the feeling of confinement;



Encourage secure outdoor activities;



Usage of light colours, decorative accents, and changing decorations can enhance the spatial openness of the space, as well as add visual diversity and allow for a sense of customization of the space;



The use of movable furniture can allow a space to be adjusted for different activities and offer control over the environment as suitable for the activity;



Spatial variety, changing of spatial scale, and shape of the space all are encourages throughout the daily activities;



Encourage the use of sound absorbing materials to avoid disturbance and noise that is usually generated from youthful populations living together;



Use of customary and adjustable materials that resist damages and or that might be common to being self-fulfilling;

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2.12.26 Daily Programming Activities and Opportunities: 

Daily activities are an important part of the youth’s life. The establishment of routines would offer youth a sense of comfort and constancy that should encourage positive behaviour.



It would also serve to diminish the uncertainty of unexpected or potential harmful events.

Developing a full schedule that includes, educations, recreational, therapeutic, and familyoriented activities would hopefully guarantee that the youth is occupied at all times, and thus minimize the occurrence of harmful behaviour.



It should also assist in developing the manners of the youth to be able to return them back to the community with a positive change. The residential areas of the facility should support living activities such as personal hygiene, counselling, reading, homework, and passive games.



And for a more beneficial and diverse outcome to serve the youth, it is encourages that they have access to computer games, skill building activities, table games, arts and crafts, and outdoor recreation activities.



Outdoor activities generally promotes positive behaviour, thus residents should be able to go outside their housing units to participate in group activities or for personal enjoyment.



Youth should also go outside to burn of their plentiful youthful energy, and at the same times, staff should supervise them.



Staff should encourage outdoor activities and it is essential for them to maintain contact with the residents at all times and in all area. Recreational events should be more than just a scheduled time for the residents to go outside.



It should promote physical activities that are available for the youth at the supervision of staff as part of the social interaction between them. Physical activity is known to be healthy way to exert energy establish a good behaviour.



A various of indoor and outdoor spaces that support physical activity of all different kinds should be established to serve the youth. Education is an essential aspect of the youth’s daily activities.



Although it is commonly practiced in typical classroom spaces that are designed to encourage a variation of instructional activities, it can be carried out in the housing units or in outdoor areas.



Teachers should be able to handle a large or small groups, and to schedule special events as suitable for the various spaces: housing areas, outdoor courtyards, dining hall, visiting areas, etc.

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

All these different spaces should encourage education and be accessible during the school hours, as well as at other times if the staff desire to continue the learning process.



The architectural design of residential facilities for youth must be adaptable for them and encourage their positive enhancement, rather than restricting them in an undesired space.



Easy accessibility to and supervision of all program spaces, and the ability to use the different spaces at all times of the day are the essential elements of a successful design process.

2.12.27 Staffing Efficiency: 

Residential facilities aimed to serve the youth usually require a higher staffing ration than those of adult facilities.



It is important to understand the purposed for managing youth and engaging in positive activities that would enhance their abilities and skills. Most importantly is to redirect the youth and set them on the direct path that is crime-free and well behaved.



Staff ratio can be one staff per eight to twelve residents in the housing area of the juvenile facility. With larger units, the staffing ratio might increase to ensure the safety and appropriate interaction of the residents.



In the following table, a representation of space allocations for a 50-bed juvenile detention facility providing 620 square feet per resident is zoned to define the primary functional components.

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2.12.28 Planning and Design Process: 

The planning and designing stage of a youth detention centre is important to examine prior to building to ensure that the different needs for the youth are serviced. In order to understand all the requirements for the facility the goals of the facility have to be set forth.



In the case of designing for a secure residential facility for the youth, the different activities carried throughout the day have to be determined to develop the appropriate spaces and provide the right circulation to accommodate all the required programs and services.



The first step in the facility planning progress is the operational/architectural programming which aims to define the mission of the facility, the operational essentialities, such as management methods, and staff-to-resident rations, presented programs, and potential activities.



The number of staff required in the process of running the facility properly has to be determined along with an annual operational cost of the project. When all these different aspects are finalized, the architectural programming can beginning, and can be preceded by the environmental priories such as special character and the appearance of the building.



Other important factors such as building code requirements, security systems, and cost/site constrains have to be observed as well.



When all the above information is provided, a list of the different spaces, the capacity of each space along with its function has to be determined. The total space required, including the net usable areas and related factors such as additional spaces for circulation, walls, mechanical and electrical rooms are calculated, then a clear picture of the size of the project will be determined the cost of the construction can be predicted.

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2.12.29 Space Requirements: 

Juvenile centre can vary in size depending on the amount of people it will be serving, and the various programs and activities offered to the residents.



Short-term custodial facilities are approximately 500 – 650 square feet per resident, where as a long-term residential facility with an extensive educational and recreational services can reach up to 700 – 800 square feet per resident in order to accommodate educational, vocational, recreational, and rehabilitation programs. In general, smaller facilities tend to have more square feet per resident because they do not benefit from the economics of the scale.



For example, the space required for specific shared activities of a certain number of persons, such as food preparation, indoor recreation, and administration, are not averaged over a large number of residents.



Juveniles in secure detention centres do not normally leave the facility unless there is a special circumstance. Therefore, a number of related facilities that are essential to accommodate the life of a youth on a daily basis have to be provided.



Dormitory: 40 Sq.ft. per juvenile.



Classroom: 300 Sq. for 25 juvenile.



Workshop: 75 Sq. ft. per juvenile.



Play ground: Sufficient play ground area according to the total number of juveniles in the institution.

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According to their capabilities, Juveniles are engaged in a useful, productive and remunerative occupation and supported to participate in all social, creative or recreational activities ensuring their full participation in all spheres their lives. Result in sustainable functional limitations in three or more of the following areas of major life 2.12.29.1 Activities: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Self-care Expressive and receptive language Learning Mobility Self-direction Capacity for independent living Economic self-sufficiency

2.12.29.2 Requirements        

Juvenile Housing Education Indoor and outdoor recreation Religious services Food services/dining Medical services Laundry services Maintenance

2.12.29.3 Norms for building The norms for building for an institution with 50 juveniles shall be as under:                   

2 Dormitories – Each 1000 Sq. ft. for 25 juveniles 2 Classrooms – 300 Sq. ft. for 25 juveniles/children i.e. 600 Sq. ft.

Sickroom/First aid room – 75 Sq. ft. per juvenile/children for 10 i.e. 750 Sq. ft Kitchen – 250 Sq. ft Dining Hall – 800 Sq. ft Store – 250 Sq. ft Recreation room - 300 Sq. ft Library – 500 sq. ft 5 bathrooms – 25 Sq. ft. each i.e. 125 Sq.ft 8 toilets/latrines – 25 Sq. ft. each i.e. 200 Sq. ft Office rooms – 300 Sq. ft.

Superintendent's room – 200 sq. fit Counselling and guidance room – 120 Sq. ft.

Workshop – 1125 Sq. ft. for 15 juvenile@75 Sq, ft. per trainee Residence for Superintendent – 2 rooms of 250 Sq. ft. each kitchen 75 Sq. ft. bathroom cum Toilet/latrine 50 Sq. ft TOTAL – 8495 Sq. ft.

2 Rooms for Juvenile Justice Board – 300 Sq. ft. each JUVENILE CORRECTION & REHABILITATION CENTRE

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3. CASE STUDIES Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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3.1 OBSERVATION HOME (KOTA, RAJASTHAN)

3.1.1 INTRODUCTION: • • •   

Project name:- Observation Home Location:- Observation home, Rawatbhata road Naya Gaon Daulatganj, Kota.

Site Area:- 8097 SQM. This observation home implements Juvenile Justice Act 2015.

Observation home has capacity of 100 juveniles who are in conflict with law.

Observation home is situated in outer area at Rawatbhata road, 8 km away from Kota, main city.

Surrounded by:

Road towards Kota, 8km

M B international school

Juvenile Home

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Site area:-8097 sq.m.

Green space Parking space JJB court office Observatory area Open space Site circulation

7m wide road

7m wide road

Main entrance

Climatic considerations • •

South face is covered with office building and services.

Entrance for juveniles and court yard are at north-east side.

Built 611.7sq.m.

Open space 7485.3sq.m.

Average max. and min. temp. in °C

Applicable building regulations are Unified building bye laws of Rajasthan.

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Internal space analysis:-

Ground floor layout • • Private spaces • • Semi public spaces •

Circulation

Outer pathway and parking • Open courtyard • •

• • • • • • • • • • •

Lobby-32 sq.m.

Kitchen-37 sq.m.

Multipurpose room-34.4 sq.m.

Dark room-7.5 sq.m.

Dormitory-55.4 sq.m.

Toilet-22 sq.m.

Storage-28 sq.m.

Admin-9sq.m.

Open court-63.7 sq.m.

Counselling court-53.7 sq.m.

Main office-7.9 sq.m.

The corridor width vary between 2m-4m.

Zoning have only semi private area.

Parking and site circulation area is only used as public area.

The terrace has been locked due to security purpose.

Multipurpose room is used as dormitory in night for sleep and also as meeting room or study room.

Windows are covered with wooden plates for security reasons.

Counselling room is sometimes used as office area for staff and judges.

A room marked as store is used sometimes by judges as private area.

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Materials and method of constructions:• •

Materials used in construction are brick, R.C.C., timber, concrete and glass.

The structure is typical beam and column layout .

Landscaping :• •

There is no proper landscape in the premises .

Few mango trees are present.

Observations:• Low security • There are 2 branches in the home :1. CICL (Child in conflict with law) 2. CNCP (Child in need of protection and care) 1.

CICL(Child In Conflict with Law)

CICL further has 3 branches: 1. Observation home -for children below 18yrs. (This is a home where the children are admitted for short period of time).

2. Safety home- for 18+yrs. (This is a home where the detainees are admitted for short period of time).

3. Special home-for children below 18yrs. (This is a home where the children may be admitted for a longer period of time.)

2.

CNCP(Child in Need of Care and Protection)

The following are the vulnerable group of children that comprise the CNCP:1. Street children 2. Orphaned, abandoned and destitute children 3. Working children 4. Abused children 5. Children who are victims of Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking 6. Children engaging in substance abuse 7. Children in conflict and disaster situation 8. Children in families ‘at-risk’ 9. Differently-abled children 10. Mentally ill children 11. HIV/AIDS-affected/infected children 12. Juveniles in conflict with law

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Observations:Missing things according to the care taker/ warden of the observation home:1. Separate punishment cells for detainees (2 for each home) 2. Library 3. Entertainment room/T.V. room 4. Separate office area for staff 5. Private chamber for judges.

6. Appropriate separate play area for children of each home 7. Sufficient landscaping Live Photos:-

Main entrance from 7 m wide road

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Live Photos :-

Entrance for observation home on North-East side

Entrance for JJB court on West side JUVENILE CORRECTION & REHABILITATION CENTRE

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3.2 JUVENILE HOME (SAIDABAD, HYDERABAD)

Front of Juvenile home Juvenile home for boys in Saidabad comprises of 2 blocks which accommodates under trails in observation home and juveniles in children home , special home.

Children Home • • •

Consists of four dormitories and facilities like hospital, vocational training, recreation room has been provided. No proper ventilation inside the rooms.

In addition there is sufficient space for holding classes for juvenile education. Different reforming activities like yoga and meditation etc., were held in open space in front of the home.

Washing and bathing facilities have been provided in the dormitory. Sufficient water has been provided for drinking and bathing purpose. the juveniles are being served hot and fresh food.

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•

There is provision of dining space in the home so that food may be served in community spirit.

Food, clothing and bedding: • • •

Inmates are provided with diet as approved by Juvenile Authority. Special food is provided on the day of national importance & festivals.

No any special clothing system. Poor inmates are provided with free clothing.

Inmates are provided with proper beds.

Kitchen and food servicing: Cooking of food is through LPG cylinders. Kitchen is equipped with required machinery for preparation of food in hygienic manner.

•

Separate dining hall attached to kitchen has been provided for the community involvement and hot food is served for the children.

Characteristics:  Site area

:

 Location

:

 Type of system

:

 Capacity

2.5 acres with in town limits semi-open

:

200

 No of inmates

:

154

 Accommodation

:

Dormitories

 Type of juveniles lodged:

Convicts & under trails

 Total staff

:

22

 Security grade

:

low security

 Facilities provided

:

Administration rooms, dormitories,

Recreation rooms , library, kitchen ,Dining room, Hospital, Play area, medical section, Vocational training rooms.  No interaction spaces  No landscaping.

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General services: • Special education services • Vocational training • Placement services • Juvenile housing services • Medical services • Behavior modification services • Guidance and counseling services • Community rehabilitation • Food services Special Home: • Consists of one dormitories and facilities like class room, medical section, library, vocational training has been provided along with kitchen space. No proper ventilation inside the rooms.

• Different reforming activities like yoga and meditation etc., were held in open space in front of the home. Convicts were lodged in special home.

Observation Home: • Consists a dormitory and office room with an open space in front .

• Under trials were being lodged in observation home.

• Food is served along with the convicts in dining area.

• Washing and bathing facilities were provided in dormitory.

Further Observations:  

The security of the center is low. Few juveniles have escaped from the home. Provisions such as library, water purifier plant for clean drinking water. No cctv camera system is provided.

Play area has been occupied by CRPF camp hence children are not allowed to play any games. No proper visitor management system.

Views of juveniles regarding their life in the juvenile home: • • •

No proper hygiene in the rooms.

There is no particular care taken in counseling the juveniles even there is yoga and meditation, mental counseling is necessary.

Treatment by staff is harsh and few juveniles are beaten up by the staff.

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Live Photos :-

Entrance for Juvenile home JUVENILE CORRECTION & REHABILITATION CENTRE

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4. INTERNET STUDIES Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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4.1 Youth Centre (Brampton, Canada) • • •

• • • •

The new Brampton youth justice facility is an innovative complex that will replace the Toronto Youth Assessment Centre and the Invictus Youth Centre. The new facility will accommodate youth in detention and/or serving secure custody sentences.

The greater Toronto youth center is a green field campus development comprising 10 buildings of which two are re-used existing structures on a 90 acre (39.7 ha) site in a suburban area near Toronto.

The program is to accommodate juvenile offenders, both boys and girls, ranging in age from 12 to 17 or older if sentenced under the YCJA, of varying risk level and needs categories.

The project consists of 192 beds totaling .The facility includes the full range of security and surveillance systems, it infrastructure and communications systems.

ARCHITECT – KLEINFELDT MYCHAJLOWYCZ ARCHITECTS AREA – 20438 M SQ. YEAR – 2009

Ground and building context

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4.1.1 THE PROGRAM

• • • •

• •

The center offers educational, recreational and rehabilitative programs intended to help reduce the likelihood of youth offenders to reoffend, while ensuring they are held accountable for their actions.

Over 300 staff members, volunteers and family members and visitors are included in the immediate community of the youth center.

Innovative from a programmatic perspective, the new youth center demanded equally ground-breaking architectural design and construction.

The youth justice facility will offer a state-of-the-art program model that is based on best practices and promotes rehabilitation, education, vocational services and counselling.

The facility includes the full range of security and surveillance systems, it infrastructure and communications systems.

The program is to accommodate juvenile offenders, both boys and girls, ranging in age from 12 to 17 or older if sentenced under the YCJA, of varying risk level and needs categories.

Interior visiting area

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Site plan

YOUTH CENTRE PROPOSED SITE DIAGRAM AND BUILDINGS 1. Administration 2. Multi – faith building 3. Girl’s residence 4. Boy’s residence 5. Campus services 6. Strom water management pond ABOUT SITE 7. Bio swale • The site is an existing 40 hectare

•

•

institutional site which was initially surrounded by agricultural fields.

The surrounding community is now single family, suburban housing outside the greater community of Toronto.

The surrounding community is now single family, suburban housing outside the greater community of Toronto.

The site was cleared of an existing women’s prison, with the exception of two buildings, which were maintained and renovated as part of the youth center.

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About Site • Eight new buildings have been added to the site to provide services to 192 youth offenders, 32 girls and boys, aged 12 years to 17 years old. Over 300 staff members, volunteers and family members and visitors are included in the immediate community of the youth center.

• The Campus is surrounded by a public Park, offering a naturalized landscape including a bio-swale, pond, existing mature trees, hundreds of new trees and a new streetscape.

• These are intended to generate a positive attitude toward the public occupation of regional suburban roads. Intensifying the public use of the non-secured areas of the site is critical to the success of this Youth Centre, both in promoting a healthy public understanding of the ideals of the institution and the residents understanding of their place in their society.

• The secured area of the site is a Campus morphology, reinforcing the Education ideals of the Centre. Contiguous buildings, infill board-formed concrete, masonry panels and Corten steel panels define the garden wall.

• The project is an inversion of the existing institutional model. At the youth center, the iconic free standing prison wall disappears into the façades of the buildings and defines the progression from public to private spaces.

Public plaza

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Key Observations:• There are total of 10 buildings on the site, eight new and two existing buildings that will be renovated. In addition to the residential units, the site will also include buildings for administration, a multi-faith worship center, education and recreation.

The facility will house a traditional educational setting that includes skill development training.

• The site is a secured area , Contiguous buildings, infill board-formed concrete, masonry panels and Corten steel panels define the garden wall.

• The campus is surrounded by a public park, offering a naturalized landscape including a bio-swale, pond, existing mature trees, hundreds of new trees and a new streetscape. These are intended to generate a positive attitude toward the public.

• A design objective has been made to preserve as many of the existing trees as possible on site and provide 'screening' of the facility to public sight lines.

• All of the mass of the buildings is behind the crenulated garden wall with the exception of the Multi-Faith Worship Centre. It is the only building circumambulated by a public plaza, highlighting its role as a place of refuge and contemplation.

• The intent of the design, that natural daylight was available to every occupied space within the entire institution and this was a challenge and a delight to accomplish.

Façade of youth centre

Open ground

Concrete panels Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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•

The materials chosen for the Centre are durable and were selected for their performance, variability, texture, acoustic properties, safety and aesthetics.

•

The plastic properties of concrete gave the design team structure, varied formwork, finishes and components.

•

Masonry gave the design team the ability to use color, bonding patterns, and unit sizes to define the building volume and wall planes.

•

The latticed pattern of the residential building walls and the smooth, poured concrete panels.

•

Concrete was chosen for its architectural expressions, strength, color, finishes, and durability properties.

•

sustainable construction - including local production and delivery and recycled content.

• Concrete was used on this project for: i.

Structure ii. Freestanding exterior walls iii. Cladding iv. Security partitions v. Flooring vi. Custom furniture, including concrete security desks vii. Sills, coping and banding viii. Exterior walkways and plazas ix.

Landscape elements (planters, benches) and public art

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5.PROGRAMME FORMULATION Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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Items

Site Analysis

App. building bye lays

Client’s Brief

Case Study-1

Case Study-2

Location:Khampur village, Tikri Khurd,Narela, Delhi

Location:Rawatbhata road Naya Gaon Daulatganj, Kota, Rajasthan

Location:Saidabad, Hyderabad.

Location:Khampur village, Tikri Khurd,Narela, Delhi

Size:8 Acres or 3.23 Hectares

Size:2 Acres or 0.80 Hectares

Size:2.5 Acres or 1.01 Hectares

Size:8 Acres or 3.23 Hectares

Topography:Plain land

Topography:Plain land

Topography:Plain land

Topography:Plain land

Special features:None

Special features:None

Special features:None

Special features:None

Unified Building byelaws of Rajasthan.

Hyderabad revised building rules,2006.

As per Building byelaws for Delhi 2016 and National Building Code.

0.4 Acres

1 Acres

8 Acres

Unified Building byelaws for Delhi 2016.

8 Acres

Library study

As per the bye laws and National Building Code.

Final out come

Built up area

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Items

Client’s Brief

Library study

Approach road and Entry/exit:From NorthWest side of site Parking:On street surface parking Campus Developm ent

Services

Landscape

Parking:Can be on street or off street surface parking.

Vehicular/p edestrian movement:Vehicular movement till parking and pedestrian movement in rest of the campus

Case Study-1

Case Study-2

Final out come

Approach road and Entry/exit:From West side of site

Approach road and Entry/exit:From East side of site

Approach road and Entry/exit:From NorthWest side of site

Parking:On street surface parking

Parking:On street surface parking

Parking:On street surface parking

Vehicular/ped estrian movement:Vehicular movement till parking and pedestrian movement in rest of the campus

Vehicular/pe destrian movement:Vehicular movement till parking and pedestrian movement in rest of the campus

Vehicular/ped estrian movement:Vehicular movement till parking and pedestrian movement in rest of the campus

As per unified building bye laws for Delhi 2016 and N.B.C.

As per unified building bye laws body and N.B.C.

Currently Unified Building byelaws of Rajasthan standards are not followed

Currently Hyderabad revised building rules,2006 standards are not followed

As per unified building bye laws for Delhi 2016 and N.B.C.

Study of plant materials found in Delhi

Study of plant materials found in that local place

Study of plant materials found in Rajasthan

Study of plant materials found in Hyderabad

Study of plant materials found in Delhi

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Items

Materials and structure systems

Climatic considerat ions

Disaster managem ent

Client’s Brief

Library study

Case Study-1

Case Study-2

Final out come

Materials:Bricks, R.C.C., glass, timber, stone, etc.

Structure System:Beam and column structure, arches, domes, etc.

Materials locally available materials and structure system as per local const. techn.

Materials:Bricks, R.C.C., glass, timber, stone, etc.

Structure System:Beam and column structure

Materials:Bricks, R.C.C., glass, timber, stone, etc.

Structure System:Beam and column structure

Materials:Bricks, R.C.C., glass, timber, stone, etc.

Structure System:Beam and column structure, arches, domes, etc.

Subtropical climate

Consider N.B.C. while designing

Semi-arid climate

Arid climate

Subtropical climate

Earthquake prone area

Flood prone area

Site is neither a earthquake prone area nor a flood prone area

Site is neither a earthquake prone area nor a flood prone area

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Requirements        

Juvenile Housing Education Indoor and outdoor recreation Religious services Food services/dining Medical services Laundry services Maintenance

S.No.

Items

Total no.

Area Requirement (Sq. M.)

Total area (Sq. M.)

1.

Dormitories (for 3 juveniles)

36

21.5

774

2.

Classrooms (for 42 juveniles)

3

110

330

3.

Sickroom/First aid room (for 25 juv.)

1

93

93

4.

Library

1

93

93

5.

Store

2

23

36

6.

Kitchen

2

90

180

7.

Dining room

2

150

30

8.

Bathrooms

-

-

-

9.

Toilets

-

-

-

10.

Office room

1

28

28

11.

Superintendent's room

1

28

28

12.

Counselling and guidance room

2

12

24

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S.No. 13.

Items Workshop (for 25 juveniles)

Total no.

Area Requirement (Sq. ft.)

Total area (Sq. ft.)

3

175

525

Residence for Superintendent 14.

Rooms

4

75

300

15.

Kitchen

1

75

75

16.

Bathroom cum toilet

1

-

-

17.

Sufficient playgrounds Volleyball/Basketball court Badminton court

Activities: •

• • • • • •

Self-care Expressive and receptive language Learning Mobility Self-direction Capacity for independent living Economic self-sufficiency

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Administration and staff area Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

1.

Reception + waiting

1.2m²/p1.5m²/p

50m²

30

1

50m²

2.

Visitor’s room

4m²/p

50m²

-

1

50m²

S.NO.

Total area

Water closets No. of no. people of each sex units

3.

Toilets

1-15 1 16-35 2 36-55 3 56-80 4 Lavatories No. of no. people of each sex units

1-15 1 16-35 2 36-55 3 56-80 4 4.

Security

12m²

12m²

2

1

24m²

5.

Superintende nt office

25m²36m²

25m²

1

1

25m²

6.

Chief officer cabin

Min. 15m²

20m²

1

1

20m²

7.

CWC member cabin

Min. 15m²

18m²

1

1

18m²

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Administration and staff area S.NO.

8.

Functional Area Probation officer’s office

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

Min. 15m²

Min. 15m²

1

1

Min. 15m²

15m²

1

1

15m²

Min. 14m² (20m²36m²)

Total area

9.

Assistant’s office

10.

Offices (4people)

30m²

30m²

4

3

120m²

11.

Support staff

100m²

100m²

6-8

1

100m²

12.

Secretary

18.5m²

20m²

1

1

20m²

13.

Admitting + interview room

9.2m²

10m²

2

2

20m²

Seating (8) – 30m2 Seating (12) – 50m2 Seating (16) – 64m2

1.5m2/p 45m2

30

2

90m2

1.85 m2/p

92m2

50

1

100m2

14.

Conference room

15.

Staff common room

16.

Dressing + locker room

35m2

35m2

-

1

35m2

17.

Record room

50m2

50m2

-

1

50m2

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Administration and staff area Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

Seminar hall

0.46m2/p (movable seats) – 450 c.c 0.6 m2/p – 500mm c.c

1.5m2/p 45m2

30

2

90m2

Meeting room

2.25m2/p for 4 people 2m2/p for 6 people 1.55m2/p for 8-12 people

1.5m2/p 15m2

10

2

30m2

20.

Changing room

1.2 m aisle 1.5m X 1.2m cubical

21.

Photostat room

10m2

10m2

1

1

10m2

22.

1m2/p (kitchen – 40%) Café – 1.2m2

40m2 kitchen + 60m2 seating

40-50

1

100m2

1

20m2

1

150m2

S.NO.

18.

19.

Functional Area

23.

Pantry

24.

Gymnasium for staff

Min width – 1.5m 20m2

20m2

3m2/p

150m2

50

Total built up area

Total area

1162m2

Total built up area with 40% circulation Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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Juvenile Justice Board S.NO.

Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

12m2

12m2

1.

Security

2.

Waiting + reception

1.2m2/p – 1.5m2/p

1.5m2/p 45m2

3.

Common room

9m2

9m2

4.

Magistrate cabin

Min 15m2 15m225m2

30m2

5.

Social worker cabin

Min 15m2

20m2

Cap.

No. of units

Total area

2

24m2

1

45m2

1

9m2

1

2

60m2

1

2

40m2

50m2

8 12

1 1

80m2

2

1

15m2

1

10m2

6.

Conference room

Seating (8) – 30m2 Seating (12) – 50m2

7.

Counselling room

10m2

15m2

10m2

30

30m2

8.

Pantry

Min 1.5m side 10m2

9.

Office

15m2

20m2

1

2

20m2

10.

General office

40m2 – 50m2

40m2

6-8

1

40m2

11.

Staff toilet

6m2

6m2

4

4

24m2

12.

Common toilet

N.B.C.

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Juvenile Justice Board S.NO.

13.

Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Juvenile justice court

120m2 Per lawyer – 21m2

120m2

Cap.

Total built up area

No. of units 1

Total area

120m2

467m2

Total built up area with 40% circulation

Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

653.8m2

101

Institutional spaces S.NO.

Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

30

7

378m2

4

180m2

2

40m2

Total area

1.

Classroom

54m2

54m2

2.

Studios / room for special courses

45m2

45m2

3.

Small group room For activity

16m2 – 20m2

20m2

4.

Practical room

2.8m2/p

100m2

2

200m2

5.

Domestic science kitchen

70m2 – 75m2

75m2

1

75m2

6.

Music room

65m2 – 70m2

70m2

1

70m2

7.

Language room

80m2 – 85m2

80m2

1

80m2

8.

Computer class

1m2/p 63m2

63m2

50

2

126m2

9.

Main hall

1.5m2/p

300m2

200

1

300m2

100m2

80

1

100m2

36

10.

Library with staff

1.25m2/p 100 – 105 m2

11.

Sports gymnasium

1.5m2/p

150m2

100

1

150m2

12.

Reception + waiting

1.5m2/p

30m2

20

1

30m2

13.

Admin office

10m2

10m2

1

10m2

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Institutional spaces S.NO.

Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

15m2

1

1

15m2

Total area

14.

Head office

12m2 – 15m2

15.

Management office

8m2 – 10m2

10m2

1

2

20m2

16.

Staff and visitor meeting room

30m2

30m2

4-6

2

60m2

30m2

4-6

2

60m2

17.

Staff room

30m2 40m2

18.

Staff toilet

N.B.C

-

-

-

-

19.

Store room

6m2

6m2

-

2

12m2

20.

Sick room

20m2

20m2

1

20m2

21.

Counselling room

10m2

15m2

2

22.

Cleaner’s store

4m2

4m2

-

2

23.

Care taker room

20m2

20m2

-

1

Total built up area

15m2 8m2 20m2

1969m2

Total built up area with 40% circulation

Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

2756.6m2

103

Vocational block S.NO.

Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

Total area

1.

Tuition class

1.1m2/p

40m2

30

7

280m2

2.

Computer classrooms

1m2/p 63m2

63m2

3

189m2

3.

Factory classes

4.8 x 5.4

25.9m2

3

77.7m2

4.

Workshop spaces

6x6

36m2

3

108m2

5.

Meditation room

2m2/p

100m2

50

2

200m2

6.

Control room

36m2

36m2

24

1

36m2

7.

Hall

1.5m2/p

150m2

100

2

300m2

8.

Staff room

30m2 – 40m2

30m2

2

60m2

9.

Staff toilet

N.B.C.

10.

Toilet

N.B.C.

11.

Psychological room

25m2

12.

Electrical room

15m2

15m2

-

1

15m2

13.

Medical unit + toilet

15m2

15m2

-

1

15m2

30m2

30m2

-

2

30m2

14.

Nurse common room

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Vocational block S.NO. 15.

Functional Area Chemist

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

12m2

12m2

Cap.

No. of units

Total area

2

1

12m2

Total built up area

1322.7m2

Total built up area with 40% circulation

1851.78m2

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Observation Home S.NO.

Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

Total area

1.

Security

12m2

12m2

1

6

72m2

2.

Dining area

1.5m2

300m2

200

1

300m2

3.

Medical unit + toilet

50m2

50m2

-

1

50m2

4.

Doctor’s cabin + toilet

15m2

15m2

1

15m2

5.

Nurse common room

30m2

30m2

-

2

60m2

6.

Visiting room

15m2

15m2

24

4

60m2

7.

Caretaker room

25m2

25m2

2

2

50m2

8.

Warden room

12m2

12m2

1

2

24m2

9.

Common room

1m2/p

100m2

100

2

200m2

10.

Indoor games room

1.5m2/p

120m2

80

2

240m2

11.

Library

2m2/p

200m2

100

1

200m2

12.

Yoga room

1m2/p

100m2

100

2

200m2

13.

Counselling room

25m2

25m2

2

2

50m2

14.

Chemist

12m2

12m2

1

1

12m2

15.

Kitchen

60m2

75m2

-

1

75m2

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Observation Home S.NO.

Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

Total area

16.

Storage

12m2

23.5m2

-

1

23.5m2

17.

Control room

36m2

36m2

2-4

1

36m2

18.

Common toilet

N.B.C

-

-

19.

Staff toilet

N.B.C

-

-

1

20.

Pantry for staff

10m2

10m2

-

1

10m2

21.

Drug addiction counselling room

30m2

30m2

-

2

60m2

Total built up area

1737.5m2

Total built up area with 40% circulation

2432.5m2

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Juvenile Housing S.NO.

Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

Total area

12m2

12m2

-

-

12m2

1.2m2/p – 1.5m2/p

15m2

10

-

15m2

1.

Security

2.

Reception + waiting room

3.

Common room

1m2/p

50m2

45

1

50m2

4.

Warden room

12m2

12m2

1

2

24m2

5.

Care taker room

25m2

25m2

2

1

25m2

6.

Control room

25m2

25m2

24

1

25m2

7.

Staff toilet

N.B.C

-

-

-

-

8.

Dormitories for 40 people

9.2m2/p

268m2

1/ room

40

268m2

9.

Student toilet

N.B.C

-

-

-

-

10.

Bathing area

N.B.C

-

-

-

-

11.

Counselling room

25m2

25m2

2

2

50m2

12.

Group therapy room

60m2

60m2

45

1

60m2

519m2

Total built up area Total built up area with 40% circulation

Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

726.6m2

108

Outdoor Recreational Area S.NO.

Functional Area

Library Study

Proposed area (Sq. M)

Cap.

No. of units

Total area

1.

Badminton

6 x 12

72m2

-

2

144m2

2.

Volley ball

9.1 x 18

163.8m2

-

2

3277.6m2

3.

Football

-

-

-

-

-

4.

Playground

-

-

-

-

-

Summary S.NO.

FUNCTIONAL AREA

TOTAL BUILT-UP AREA WITH 40% CIRCULATION

1.

ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF AREA

1626.8m2

2.

JUVENILE JUSTICE BOARD

653.8m2

3.

INSTIRUTIONAL SPACES

2756.6m2

4.

VOCATIONAL BLOCK

1851.78m2

5.

OBSERVATION HOME

2432.5m2

6.

JUVENILE HOUSING

726.6m2 10048.08m2

Total

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6.CONCEPT Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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6.1 DESIGN CRITERIA Architectural Intentions:Careful integration consideration of Architectural, Environmental and Socio-Psychological factors is crucial to design the Rehabilitation space for Juvenile Delinquents. These factors are affected by location of site, landscape design, Physical environment and accommodation environment.

Image of home:In emotional and psychological sense, it should avoid rigid, formal and prison like image like traditional buildings.

Contact with outside:Orientation and planning should be carefully considered so that views can be borrowed to such confined site.

De-Centralized:The complex, De-Centralized into discrete building blocks, it encourages movement among blocks response to natural movement.

Security:Location, segregation of site from rest of city can be used as a natural security parameter.

Landscaping elements can also be used create many security barriers.

Considering the site located in Hot area courtyards can be added in each block to maintain ventilation and natural light.

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•

Keeping in mind even some of the children here have done disapproving things but they should not be denied basic rights which they must have while growing up.

•

By incorporating gardens and different shapes of entrances and making building visually appealing will not only help in boosting their mood but will encourage them in participating in various learning activities and many extra curricular activities.

•

Inter connected spaces will enhance their social behavior, and spaces like Open Air Theatre will help them to take part in different activities.

•

Regardless of all the amenities that should be provided to a child security should be the utmost priority.

Open spaces and playgrounds

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6.2 SITE ZONING/LAYOUT

Legend 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Entry/exit Two wheeler parking Four wheeler parking Play area Playground Institutional block

7. Juvenile Justice Court 8. Admin Block 9. Vocational Block 10. Hostel 11. Setbacks 12. Open Air Theatre

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6.3 VOLUMETRIC BLOCKING

•

BLOCK-1:- Administrative and Staff Area

NO. OF FLOORS:- 1 FLOOR BLOCK AREA =1626.8Sq.m. (Total area+40%CIRCULATION)

•

BLOCK-2:- Juvenile Justice Court

NO. OF FLOORS:- 1 FLOOR BLOCK AREA =653.8Sq.m. (Total area+40%CIRCULATION)

•

BLOCK-3:- Institutional Block

NO. OF FLOORS:- 3 FLOORS BLOCK AREA =2756.6Sq.m. (Total area+40%CIRCULATION)

•

BLOCK-4:- Vocational Block

NO. OF FLOORS:- 3 FLOORS BLOCK AREA =1851.78Sq.m. (Total area+40%CIRCULATION)

•

BLOCK-5:- Observation Home + Hostel

NO. OF FLOORS:- 3 FLOORS BLOCK AREA =3159.1Sq.m. (Total area+40%CIRCULATION)

•

BLOCK-5:- Observation Home + Hostel

NO. OF FLOORS:- 3 FLOORS BLOCK AREA =3159.1Sq.m. (Total area+40%CIRCULATION)

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6.4 SALIENT FEATURES

Open spaces and playgrounds

Connecting spaces

Open Air Theatre

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6.4 SALIENT FEATURES

Courtyards

Vibrant and Attractive Facades

Segregation of different type of spaces:• Public spaces • Semi Public spaces • Private spaces

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7.DRAWINGS Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Centre

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THANK YOU

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