BAP: Gammel Hellerup High School Art and Gymnasium Expansion

Gammel Hellerup High school Art and Gymnasium Expansion

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

Gammel Hellerup Highschool Art and Gymnasium Expansion Hellerup of Copenhagen, Denmark Bjarke Ingles Group

Building Analysis by Michelle Tran and Olivia Scheffler ARCH 341 - Fall 2020 Lab Instructor: Alicia Uligh Daniels

2

Table of Contents p.04

01- Story

p.14

02- Place

p.20

03- Form & Assembly

p.32

05- References

3

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

01 -STORY Project Data Architect Profile Project Background Massing & Configuration Graphic Introduction

4

5

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

Project Brief Project Data: Address: Svanemøllevej 87, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark Year Completed: 2014 Area: 1,100 sqm / 11,840 sqft.

Team:

Multi Purpose Hall / Gymnasium

6

Architects in charge: Bjarke Ingels, Finn Norkjaer Client: Gammel Hellerup High School General Contractor: CG Jensen Engineers: EKJ (Erik K. Jørgensen) Electricity: H. Helbo Hansen A/S

Architect Profile Bjarke Ingles Group (BIG) is a contemporary architecture firm with locations in Copenhagen, Dewy York, London, and Barcelona that reaches beyond ordinary forms for a pragmatic Utopian architecture. A top influencer in architecture, founder Bjarke Ingles uses an information-driven design process. The company has won several awards since starting in 2001.

The firm’s scope of work is very broad, but their projects feature many towers, power plants, town halls and museums. A few art centers and institutions are featured, but this project seems to be unique in that children benefit most from this plan compared to the majority of their buildings and urban plans.

Art Building

This project’s placement protected the neighboring building views which resulted in a new type of landscape with the round hill-like form and sloping football field. This is what stands out to me from BIG’s other projects where the project needed to be an adaptation to the topography. The draping roof relates to this firm’s signature architectural style.

7

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

Project Background

Built for Gammel Hellerup High School students, the school used its central area for leisure activities and ceremonial occasions, but could not be counted on as a venue for sporting events or largescale functions. Proposed a plan for a multipurpose hall where its activities could take place in comfortable conditions. In keeping with its status as a public facility it was also to be made available to the citizens of Hellerup as a community hall and even as a storm shelter.

The new multi-use hall is primarily for the pupils’ physical education and social development. A large motivator for the project was the Denmark teacher lockout, teachers protested after the government implements additive hours for students to be inside classrooms.

Withthe intentions of creating a setting that builds social growth, BIG designed the gymnasium underground with a ballistic arc roof; that serves as an informal meeting area with various seating arrangements on each side. The arts building extends the football fields into a green carpet for informal activity and informal seating to overlook sporting events.

8

Reflection The Gammel Hellerup High school Gymnasium and Art expansion project successfully achieved their goals in influencing activity for the youth through architecture design. As we dug into each element of the project, we learned the results of specific issues. With these findings in mind, we can use similar tactics from the careful architects and designers working with the Bjarke Angles firm.

The architects took modern approach to expand on an old high school by using the roof as play areas on both buildings, which saved a lot of space and kept the original language of an open layout. After studying this site in Copenhagen, Denmark we analyzed the specific conditions that affected the outcome of the overall building design. Some examples were the placement of West facing glazing for the cold winter months. The underground design was not just influenced by the surrounding buildings as expected, but was also a preventative measure to potential humidity in the gymnasium during humid seasons.

When first approached this project, it was hard to tell right away which type of systems this building uses, and after some comparison to other buildings we discovered how those ducts may travel between structural elements in a bending path. We learned that these decisions to either hide or reveal element like this can change the aesthetic and even the function of the projects we design in the future.

9

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

Art Gym

High school

Massing The initial project, the multi-purpose gymnasium, was placed in the courtyard, dropped down elevation 10 meters and raised 3 meters for the perfect space to socialize. Later, the architects used the sportsfeild to take advantage of this successful approad of play and socializing above the new art building.

1/32” Scale Models

10

Transverse Section

Longitudinal Section

Sectional Configuration The swooping mole hill shape, was designed using the ballistic arch math formula in honor of a favorite math teacher to the architect Bjarke Ingles. This trajectory resembles a baeball in motion.

11

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

Daylighting

Program + Site

12

Envelope

Structure

Circulation

Distribution 13

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

02 -PLACE Context Climate Resources

14

15

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

Ariel View by others

16

Context & Resources

Site Plan

Map

llerup

Old Gammel He Highschool

Existing

The building is located in Hellerup, a suburban district in Copenhagen. e Hall

Pedestrian + Vehicle

New Art

ld New Sports Fie

s Buil ding

os New Multi Purp

0

50

100

The high school is on Svanemøllevej, Hellerup, Denmark. Being a school campus BIG incorporated an abundance of vegetation, as well as sporting grounds. Another key aspect throughout site are the variety of arrangements for social meetings.

The commercial spots on the east, there is more traffic.

North and South are less busy being residential.

17

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion Sun Path Diagrams January - March

June - September

The sun raises from the east and sets on the west. As the building are orientated facing the east, it costs a lot of energy to keep the buildings comfortable. Denmark is known for its lack of sunlight, so having glazing facing east has its advantages. The temperatures in Copenhagen are not extreme as on the diagrams.

Climate Analysis 18

Psychrometric Graph

The temperatures in Copenhagen follows Denmark’s larger trend fairly well. The temperatures are not extreme and do not deviate from each other much; ranging from the 20°F to 70°F. As on the chart Copenhagen does not has a dry climate. The comfort zone’s humdity ratio is fairly the same all around .

Wind Rose

January - December

Denmark, one of the most sustainable countries, they use their energy, water, and waste exceptionally efficient. They have strive to use 30% renewable energy and a maximum of 6% landfill. The vast majority of the water is sourced from underground, so they do not need to spend too much time sanitizing it. In contrast, they still need a fair amount of energy to distribute the water.

This project location does not suffer from drastic changes in the climate, but the building does benefit from a few designs strategies. The fact that this is a nonflood zone gives the chance to express an underground gymnasium and partically underground Art building. The underground spaces also relax some humidity, preventing mold and condensation. The shape of the Art’s building is angled allowing high ceilings letting even more daylighitng in. The operable windows at both ends of the art building about 45 degrees from the West winds may contribute to natural cross-ventillation for cooling and comfort. The skylights on the gymnasium, though small, provide lots of natural light because it’s curvature captures the sunlight at many angles.

The wind in Copenhagen comes from the West and is fairly strong.

This beneficial because Denmark uses 40% wind for energy.

19

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

03 - FORM & ASSEMBLY Program Envelope Structure Massing Introduction

20

21

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

Relationship between program and Site: Demonstrated to reveal open-ness with the students and faculty, but still remain safe from outsiders.

22

Envelope & Skin The Art building works with the prevailing winds using it scooping roof shape to guide cold air away from the courtyard. The material used for the molehill multipurpose hall is untreated oak wood which matches with the architecture of the 1950s yellow brick on the existing Old Hellerup Highschool. The Art building’s classrooms and highly used spaces face the windows for optimal natural daylight.

23

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

Structure Concrete Deck Concrete Panel Construction

Ventillation Construction

Glue Laminated Timber Concrete Deck Floor Concrete Beam

Reinforced Concrete Walls

Reinforced Concrete Walls Mat Slab Concrete Foundation Concrete Columns Footings Mat Slab Concrete Foundation

24

Structure Models

1/32’’ - Model

The construction in these two additions were seperate operations. First, the gymnasium had been built by excavating the earth anlaying reinforced concrete foundation and walls. Avoiding Columns, the vaulted ceiling was designed with glu-laminated timber beams cut in curvature with each beam unique in form, inserted where the concrete walls were formed to fit each beam in. The art buil was later added with concrete as well. The two connect underground where excavation took place again.

Elevation with Grade

17 25

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

04 - PERFORMANCE Distribution Circulation Energy Daylighting

26

27

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion Circulation & Egress

Main Entrance

Roof

Second Floor Egress

Above Grade

First Floor On Grade

Gym Floor Below Grade

Horizontal Combined Vertical & Horizontal Existing Buildings Exit Access Exit

28

The main entrance is from the football field that is located on top of the art building and provides access to the first floor of the art building. The entryway is also takes part of the primary circulation, which connects the art building and the underground gymnasium. All of the circulations are formed around the staircases, where they act as the key passageways. The first floor of the art building consists of three staircases, to the second floor, to the gymnasium, and to the field. The egress is also from the main entrance from the field and goes through to the gymnasium.

Circulation & Egress The distribution works through about half on site, half off site sources. The on site sources come from solar thermal panels and photo-voltaic panels both located on the existing high school structure. The locker room showers use almost half the hot water from the solar thermal source. 80% of electricity usage comes from the photovolatic source and half the heating for the icy sports field comes from the solar thermal in a closed loop that distributes through the gymnasium exhaust. The solar panels face direct Southern sunlight.

29

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion Energy Most energy consumption in these buildings are from heating considering winters get cold in Denmark. We used Erie Pennsylvania as our location since it had the same Climate data.

30

Daylighitng To archive maximum sunlight, the users benefit from the longest part of the Art building to face the Western sunlight. The multipurpose hall is mainly lit by lights rather than daylight, but the boardering skylights allow for some natural light to wash the walls with light. Both buildings are reasonably well-lit without suffering too much from glare.

SDA

ASE

31

Gammel Hellerup High school Arts and Gymnasium Expansion

05 - REFERENCES

“Gammel Hellerup High School - BIG - Bjarke Ingels Group: The Plan.” BIG - Bjarke Ingels Group, www.theplan. it/eng/architettura/gammel-hellerup-high-school-en.

“BIG.” AFASIAARCHZINE.COM, 1 Jan. 1970, afasiaarchzine.com/2015/05/big_23/.

“BIG’s Gammel Hellerup Gymnasium Has Vast Undulating Roof.” Designboom, 12 May 2015, www.designboom.com/architecture/bigs-gammel-hellerup-gymnasium-sports-massive-undulating-roof/.

“Gl. Hellerup High School.” Abeo, 14 Aug. 2020, abeoconcrete.com/projekter/gl-hellerup-high-school/. “플렉슬, 공부하는 사람들을 위한 PDF & 노트 : 네이버 블로그.” 추천 : 네이버 블로그, m.blog.naver.com/PostView.nhn?blogId=flexible.

32

33