MAURITIUS GAZETTE - AA1

MAURITIUS GAZETTE T R AV E L M A G A Z I N E

FEATURED DESTINATION

THE PARADISE ISLAND

EDITORIAL

ACHITECTURE APPRECIATION 1 ARCH 1341

This subject enlightens the importance of being aware of the architecture that surrounds us, appreciating the little details that make structures the way they are.

Architecture, like people, is individualistic and no two buildings are alike, notwithstanding the architect, style, or era in which they were built.

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Spending my entire life in Mauritius has made me accustomed to the island and its lifestyle. Driving around the island was relatively easy. There is a sense of pride knowing that these everyday places were of major attraction to other people.

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This project has enables me to appreciate the meticulousness in architectural design am delighted to bring you this magthat was hard to notice as a passer-by. azine about the various types of architecture in Mauritius. I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher Mr. Ahmad Muna'iem A. No doubt, each encounter is a journey Fauzi, who gave me the golden opportuand each journey is an encounter. I wish nity to do this wonderful project of recogyou a pleasant journey through the pages nising traditional, contemporary elements of this magazines. and to identify prominent features in my country and of South East Asian architecture, who also helped me in completing my project. I came to know so many new things I am thankful to them. Secondly, I would like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a lot in finalizing Dashabhuja Seetul, this project within the limited time frame.

Matric No. 203922326 Exam ID - 2614A Editor

The beauty of the island captivated the writer Mark Twain, to whom the quote " Mauritius was made first and then heaven was copied after Mauritius" is attributed.

BEAUTIFUL STORY OF MAURITIUS

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CONTENTS

DID YOU KNOW?

8 MAURITIUS FACT FILE

GENERAL INFORMATION

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CONTENTS

14 NOTRE DAME ST AUXILIAIRE

44 CITADEL FORT

20 GANGA TALAO

50 LE MORNE BRABANT

26 JUMMAH MOSQUE

54 EUREKA MAISON COLONIAL

30 AAPRAVASI GHAT

56 LA ROUTE DU THE

36 DOMAINE DE LABOURDONNAIS CASTLE

60 THE MARTELLO TOWER

Did You Know?

Mauritius gained its independence from Britain on 12th March 1968.

Mauritius has 330km of beautiful pristine coastline.

The highest point on the island is Black River Point at 828m.

The mascot of Mauritius is the Dodo Bird, killed by the Dutch during their colonization.

Whether Hindi, Muslim, Catholic, Buddhist, Creole European or Asian… all cultures and ethnicities live together and accept each other on this big island melting pot.

Mauritius produces 13 different types of sugar.

Sega, the traditional music of Mauritius, is of Creole origin, and was sung and danced to by slaves to celebrate, and to forget their oppression.

There are no poisonous animals native to the island of Mauritius.

At 1.2 million people to its 1865 square km, Mauritius has one of the densest populations on the planet, with almost 600 people per square km.

The EEZ (exclusive economic zone), the area of water around the island belonging to Mauritius, is enormous for such a small country at 1.9 million square km.

The equivalent area for the whole of India is 2.1 square km.

big PICTURE

The map of Mauritius

MAURITIUS FILE FACT Land: 184,050 sq km Coastline: 330 km Neighbouring countries: 900 km East of Madagascar, 220km North-East of Reunion Lowest point: Indian Ocean (0 m) Highest point: The Black River Point (828 m) Main cities: Port louis (pop. 146,319), Beau Bassin and Rose Hill (105,377), Vacoas Phoenix (101,789), Curepipe (82,756), Quatre Bornes (77,145) International airports: Sir Seewosagar Ramgoolam Airport Ports: Port Louis Climate: Tropical with temperatures varying between 17°C and 27°C Language: English (official), Creole, French (official), Hindi, Urdu, Hakka, Bhojpuri Religion: Hindu 48%, Roman Catholic 23.6%, other Christian 8.6%, Muslim 16.6%, other 2.5&, unspecified 0.3%, none 0.4% Time: GMT + 4 hours Currency: Rupees. 100 cents = 1 MUR, 33.5 MUR = Population: 1 USD International phone code: 1,240,827 million Electrical current: +230 Plugs: 220 Volts 50 AC

The Pamplemousses Garden, Mauritius

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

DODO, the symbol of Mauritius

GENERAL INFORMATION

OVERVIEW HISTORY First Steps

Mauritius has a brief but very rich history, the root of what is today a fertile and diverse garden of cross-culturalism. The variety of people arriving on these shores, from all different walks of life, during the past three centuries has added the spice to the hotchpotch of cultures and religions we find here today. People of Indian, African, European and Chinese origins have come together to create this multiracial society where the various cultures and traditions flourish in peace and harmony.

When first discovered by Arab sailors in the 15th century, Mauritius was originally referred to as Dina Arobi. Like the Mauritius of today, it was the pinnacle of the Mascarene Archipelago, then Tirakka, which included Dina Margabin (La Reunion) and Dina Moraze (Rodrigues).

Although discovered by Arabs, the Portuguese were the ones to first step foot on the idyllic beaches we know today in 1511. Swan Island, or llha do Cirne, as the Portuguese called it (legend has it because of the presence of the dodo a flightless bird that roamed freely but had the aspect more of an ugly duckling) was to be used by sailors as a shelter island in case of storms.

DUTCH INFLUENCE Dutch settlement only began some 40 years later in 1638. Their colonization began in the southeast in Port Warwyck, today Mahebourg. This, the centre of colonial life at that point, was also the centre from which the exploitation of Mauritius took place. As Dutch society set up houses, fortifications and a slave trade, they also began the overexploitation of the island’s natural reserves and native animals such as the ebony trees and, as legend has it, the dodo bird as well, which, unfortunately for it, was too heavy to fly, but tasty enough to roast. Today the dodo has become the mascot of the country and a renowned symbol for endangered species everywhere.

Despite their attempts and will to stay on the island, the Dutch settlement only lasted about 20 years, thought officially it ended 1710. The Dutch finally deserted the island for various reasons, such as rat infestation, poor weather conditions and slave uprisings. They left behind a slave community and what was to become tremendous part of Mauritius ‘ economic story – sugar cane – which had been imported from the East Indies.

The Portuguese, under sailor Don Pedro Mascarenhas, dubbed these islands the Mascarene Archipelago, but did not do much else with these islands. The first to actually colonize what is today Mauritius were the Dutch, almost one century later in 1598. Ironically enough it was a storm that brought a Dutch flotilla, under the command of Vice-Admiral Wybrandth Van Warwyck, to then Grand Port in the south-east of the island, after which the Dutch colonized the island, calling it Mauritius after the stadhouder of Holland Maurice de Nassau.

Picture of a dodo, the famous bird in Mauritius which does’t look so tasty!

GENERAL INFORMATION

FRENCH PERIOD Five years later, fate hit this small island again as the French colonisation of the region expanded from Madagascar and Bourbon (today La Réunion) to encompass Mauritius. Guillaume Dufresne d’Arsel landed in Port North West, current day Port Louis, in 1715, while en route for India, and a new era and name dawned on the shores of ‘Ile de France’.

During this century of French colonization the island boomed in initial development, especially in terms of trade set up. The capital was transferred from what the French had renamed as Grand Port in the south-east to Port-Louis in the west, facilitating trade access, and slaves were imported from Madagascar and the African Continent to boost and develop agriculture.

During this period, the French-owned West Indies company, under the governance of François Mahe de la Bourdonnais, reigned from 1735 to 1746. Under La Bourdonnais’ hand Port Louis became a principle naval port and the regional headquarters of the West Indies Company. He also developed the country’s public infrastructure, building edifies such as Government House, still found at the heart of Port Louis today, and varied agriculture through the introduction of different crops such as rice and cotton. But one of his strongest achievements was the development of sugar came production to an industrial scale.

This was done mainly through the construction of the first sugar mill in Villebague in the north of the Island. Through La Bourdonnais, considered a very difficult and tyrannical but hardworking man, Mauritius attained its title of ‘The star and the key of the Indian Ocean’.

Through this was a fruitful period in development for Mauritius, in 1765 the West Indies Company was returned to the King of France and put under the administration of Pierre poivre due to financial difficulties. Under the rule of the King, a botanist at heart and connoisseur of delectable cuisine, varied spices such as cinnamon, cloves, pepper and nutmeg were introduced to the island. With the help of Pierre the ‘Jardins de Pamplemousse’ (Pamplemousse Gardens), a world-renowned Eden-like garden holding the tallipot tree (which, as legend has it, blooms only every one hundred years) was built.

This was a decent and prosperous era, known for the sumptuous parties thrown in Port- Louis. As society grew and developed, the first newspaper was introduced, Annonces, Affiches et Avis Divers, with notices, classifieds and advertisement.

Then in 1790, following the declaration of the French revolution, a Colonial Assembly was introduced and a new

GENERAL INFORMATION

BRITISH SETTLEMENT

THE FREEDOM

In 1810, the British conquered the island which they occupied. Most of the French settlers, remained on the island and were allowed to keep their customs, religion and laws.

The evolution of society always highlights needs as well as new ideas. As the gulf between the classes grew, and with it disparities in the distribution of wealth, the Labour Party was created in 1936 bu Dr Maurice Curé and as a supporter of the lower classes, and therefore the masses, was becoming increasingly popular. With the introduction of universal suffrage in 1959 under Labour Party Leader Seewoosagar Ramgoolam, the Party became stronger and more predominant yet. Under his leadership 56% of the population decided in 1967 that they wanted their independence. On 12th March of the following year, after much debate with Britain, independence was granted to Mauritius, and at high noon the new Mauritius flag sailed its colours proudly above the Champ de Mars. Although independent, Mauritius remained a member of the Commonwealth until 1992, with a Governor General representing the Queen. In 1992 the island was officially named a republic and the first local President, Cassam Uteem, a former Government minister,

A few years later, in 1835, the British abolished slavery - slaves at the time came from Madagascar, Senegal and Mozambique mainly - and this led to the importation of Indian indentured labourers to work in the sugar cane fields. They eventually settled in Mauritius and their descendants constitute nowadays the majority of the population.

Rapid development of the infrastructure continued. Free primary education was given to the population so that local civil servants could be trained to run the affairs of the country.

NATIONAL FLAG

Mauritian Flag The National Flag consists of four equal horiozntal stripes of Red, Blue, Yellow and Green. The red represents its struggle for freedom, blue the Indian Ocean, the home of this island, yellow the light of independence ever shining over the island, and green its rolling fields and agriculture as well as its colour all 12 months of the year.

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NOTRE DAME ST AUXILIAIRE

A place not to be missed during your stay in Mauritius

them in the shade of the striking sun. It is one of the most photographed places of the island: its idyllic setting attracts not only couples who are ready to say “I do” but also photographers.

On the north coast of Mauritius, in front of the lagoon in Cap-Malheureux, stand a small church with a notable red roof, called Notre Dame AuxCome and discover a unique setting iliatrice.

Cap Malheureux and its famous chapel are better visited at the end of the day. The sun- set then offers an exceptional glint, worthy of the greatest romantic films of Hollywood. The natural setting is preserved and lush. The lucky ones can even see the famous green ray that the island keeps bragging about. It is advis- able to come The place can be visited all throughout the year. bet`ween October and December when the isThe famous church of Notre Dame Auxiliatrice is land offers its most beautiful scenery thanks to designed is such a way that its setting reminds the flamboyant flowers everyone of a postcard and it deserves a detour.

Visitors are particularly attracted by its magnificent basalt altar and its Holy water font. But the surrounding landscape also makes most people dream, especially the huge Banyan who holds This beautiful chapel is one of the must-see sites during a stay in Mauritius. Designed by Max Boullé and erected by Raoul Lolliot in 1938, it was consecrated by the Vicar General and Bishop Richard Lee, on August 7, 1938.

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“Beautiful church with a scenic background including an island and a small beach is especially beautiful at sunset”

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Considered as a symbol of the island, this place offers stunning views of the Coin de Mire, another small island located less than ten kilometres from the north coast of Mauritius.

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The Cap Malheruex means the unfortunate cape and there are several stories behind the nam- ing. As the history goes, many ships in the past have sunk here. Hence, the ‘unfortunate’ name. For some, this chapel was found in 1938 and some say, the history goes further back. It’s also said that this is the place where the British first landed in Mauritius in 1810. The French then started calling this place Cape of Misfortune. The characteristic red roof can be seen from far and it is visually stunning.

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A religious symbol in remembrance of men lost at sea, this church celebrates colonial architecture. The inside wooden frame, along with its pastel red roof on the outside, demark this building from other stonewalled ones across the island. To go the extra mile, a clamshell acts as the holy-water basin at the entrance. In its native Cap Malheureux, Notre Dame de l’ Auxilliatrice is located only a few steps from the azure blue sea.

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GANGA TALAO

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rand Bassin Lake was discovered by the Hindu priest Pandit Jhummon Giri Gossagne Nepal, who lived in the northern part of the island of Triolet, in 1897. The priest had a prophetic dream which told him about a sacred lake that was connected to the Indian Ganges. The priest scoured the country in search of the lake and finally identified Grand Bassin to be the lake from his dreams. News of the holy lake soon spread, and pilgrims from across the world started arriving at Grand Bassin to visit the site. Much later, in the year 1972, a Hindu priest from India brought holy water

from the Ganges and poured it into the Grand Bassin Lake.

From there on, the lake derived its nickname of Ganga Talao.

as hard to eke out a bare minimum living. Under such circumstances, the workers turned to spiritualism and worship, and Ganga Talao became the center The religious history of the of their religious beliefs. place however, cannot be fully grasped without taking a closer look into the socio-cultural background of Mauritius.

During the colonial era, several underpaid Indian labourers were brought to Mauritius by the British colonial masters with the promise of a better quality of life. However, these same illusioned labourers found themselves inhabiting an island with harsh, unsustainable living conditions, and had to work twice

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Cultural Importance of Ganga talao The Grand Bassin lake is considered to be sacred in the Hindu faith. According to popular belief, the water in the lake is said to have originated from the Indian river of Ganga. Moreover, adjacent to the lake stands erected a 33 meter tall statue of Lord Shiva. Grand Bassin is one of the most important pilgrimage sites for Hindus from across the world. In fact, it is the largest Hindu pilgrimage site that lies outside India.

The Maha Shivratri pilgrimage takes place every year between February and March. The pilgrimage takes place over 3 days and 3 nights. The pilgrims walk to the lake carrying mobile altars on their backs, which represent different deities.

Once at the edge of the waters, the pilgrims perform their own private ceremony to the deities with incense, flowers and other offerings.

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Hindu Gods and Giant statues at Grand Bassin 1. Mangal Mahadev:

2. Maa Durga Murti:

3. Lord Ganesh statue:

4. Lord Hanuman Statue:

5. Lord Buddha Statue:

Standing tall by the entrance to the Grand Bassin is the Mangal Mahadev, a magnanimous statue of Lord Shiva. The statue is 33 meters tall, and portrays Shiva standing erect with his Trishula or trident in his hand. The statue is a replica of the Shiva Statue in Vadodara, Gujarat. It is the largest statue to be built in Mauritius. The building of the statue was completed in the year 2007, and the inauguration was held during the Maha Shivratri festival in 2008.

A comparatively newer addition to the banks of the Ganga Talao, the Maa Durga Murti is a 33 feet tall statue of Durga, the Indian Goddess of war. The bronze statue displays the deity standing erect before a golden lion. The magnanimous statue took 6 years to be completed, and was finally inaugurated in the year 2017.

The Lord Ganesh statue is a comparatively smaller statue on the banks of the Ganga Talao. The statue portrays Lord Ganesha, the Elephant God, standing on a lotus by the edge of the lake water.

The statue is situated beside the Ganesh Temple, which is one of the many temples on the Ganga Talao Premises.

The Lord Hanuman statue at Grand Bassin is seen standing on a floating platform towards the edge of the Grand Bassin Lake. The statue portrays Lord Hanuman carrying Mount Dronagiri in one hand, and his Gada in another. According to the Indian epic Ramayana, Lord Hanuman had carried the entire mountain on his hand just to deliver the medicinal herb Sanjivani to Lakshmana, who had been grievously injured in a battle against Ravana.

The Lord Buddha statue is one of the many statues in Ganga Talao dedicated to a non-Hindu deity.

The statue is built entirely of white stone, and portrays Lord Buddha sitting in a meditative position. It is much smaller compared to the other statues in its surroundings.

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Being the largest Hindu pilgrimage site located outside India, Grand Bassin is an extremely popular attraction among tourists visiting Mauritius. Owing to its religious and cultural background,the Grand Bassin temple is visited by thousands everyday. Here are some important tips to keep in mind while visiting the Grand Bassin premises: 1. It is better to arrive at Grand Bassin in the earliest hours of the morning, around 8-9 AM, to avoid the crowds.

2. Make sure to open your shoes before entering any of the temples at Ganga Talao.

3. Female devotees should not touch the Shivling inside the Lingam Temple in Ganga Talao.

4. The temple premises are crowded with monkeys. Avoid carrying any trinkets in your hand while in the proximity of monkeys.

5. Carry change along for temple donations.

6. Parking space is available adjacent to the Grand Bassin premises.

7. The temple complex often becomes extremely chilly due to mist rising from the lake. Make sure you are wearing adequate clothing.

8. Do not feed the fishes and eels that live in the lake.

How to reach The fastest way to travel from Mauritius Airport to Grand Bassin is to drive from the Airport, or to take a cab. The drive takes approximately 23 minutes.

Alternatively, one can take a bus from the Airport to Souillac and then take a cab to Grand Bassin from here. This is the cheapest way to come to Grand Bassin from the airport, and takes around one hour.

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Maha Shivaratree or “the great night of Lord Shiva” is a huge celebration which brings together all the devotees of the Hindu population in Mauritius. The worshiping of Lord Shiva provides happiness, protection and prosperity to His devotees.

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Shiva welcoming you on the shores of the sacred lake along with tents full of information and food.

In the temples overlooking the lake, thousands of pilgrims are performing their prayers, with the nice music of the kirtans in the background, taking the holy water to bathe the “Shivalingam” (sacred stone representing the lord Shiva).

The festival starts a few days before the Great night, with thousands of pilgrims dressed in This unique experience is open to everyone who white (symbol of purity), going to Ganga Talao. wants to participate. You can start your walk at Henrietta (around 2 hours going and 2 hours As the celebration depends on the lunar calen- coming back) where you can stumble upon some dar, on the moonless day between the month of nice volunteers who will surely offer you a good February and March, the date is never the same hot tea and some treats. The road, easy to follow each year. If you are in Mauritius during this pe- and well indicated, will leads you to walk across riod, take the time to have a look. the Mare aux Vacoas reservoir and some parks and woods before reaching the lake. Once there, During both days and nights, tireless pilgrims you can also offer some water to Lord Shiva in from all over the island start their journey to the temples (after removing your shoes) or climb Ganga Talao, many with “kanwars” ; some kind the God Hanuman’s little hill for a stunning and of mobile altars nicely decorated. On the road, magnificent view of the lake and its surroundthese brave devotees are never alone : hundreds ings. of volunteers offer drinks, food and a rest place to the pilgrims. This solidarity from all Mauritians This trip is totally worth it, as much on celebrais beautiful to see and heartwarming. tions days than on ordinary ones. During the day you’ll surely find peace and soothing.

Walking at night to Grand Bassin is worth trying if you feel to. The atmosphere is magic when you reach Ganga Talao with a huge statue of Lord

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HINDU ARCHITECTURE Hinduism in Mauritius began when Indian laborers were brought as indentured labor to colonial French. These immigrants then settled in Mauritius who practiced Hinduism as their religion. As a result, more than 50% of population in Mauritius is Hindus which ultimately makes it necessary to have Hindu temples to worship and perform rituals.

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JUMMAH MOSQUE

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slam was fixed in Mauritius through Sunni Indian sailors hailing from Pondicherry and Bengal (Southeast India). It was during the French governance of Charles Decaen that the growing population of Muslims, disrespectfully known as “Lascards” was granted a land concession to build a temple to practice their faith in an area of Port Louis called Plaine Verte, even when the only religion officially recognized was the Catholic Church.

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Today, 210 years later, that area remains as one of the most densely Muslim populated. With the abolition of slavery (1835) more Indian Muslims migrated mainly from Northwest India to work in Mauritius as indentured laborers. And so, the Jummah Masjid was built in 1850 in Port Louis’ Royal Road, unifying a minor faith that won the strength of an official religion in the present nation.

The Jummah Mosque is revered as the holiest mosque in all of Mauritius. Every Friday, the mosque broadcasts live prayers and the taraweeh prayers during the month of Ramadan. It’s also during these times that people, especially tourists are barred from entering the mosque for sightseeing purposes. Otherwise, any and everyone is welcome. The architecture of the mosque is a smooth blend of Indian, Muslim and Creole architecture. This magnificent edifice that is the Jummah mosque, is definitely worth a visit.

Entrance Ticket Details For Jummah Mosque Entry is free.

How to Reach Jummah Mosque Immigration Square (Bus Stop)

Jummah Mosque Travel Tips • Make sure your visit doesn’t disturb other worshippers.

• Pay respect to the rituals followed within the mosque.

• Seek permission if you are keen to take photographs.

Restaurants

Black Steer (Steakhouse) Pizza Hut Nando’s

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AAPRAVASI GHAT

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n the district of Port Louis, lies By far one of the popular monuments in Mauritius made with brick, the 1,640 m2 site where the modern indentured labour diaspora began. In 1834, the British Government selected the island of Mauritius to be the first site for what it called ‘the great experiment’ in the use of ‘free’ labour to replace slaves. Between 1834 and 1920, almost half a million indentured labourers arrived from India at Aapravasi Ghat to work in the sugar plantations of Mauritius, or to be transferred to Reunion Island, Australia, southern and eastern Africa or the Caribbean.

The building of Aapravasi Ghat are among the earliest explicit manifestations of what was to become a global economic system and one of the greatest migrations in history.

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Aapravasi Ghat Mauritius opening hours Monday – Friday: 9 AM to 4 PM Saturday: 9 AM – 12 PM Closed on Sunday and Public Holidays

Aapravasi Ghat entrance fee Free

How to reach Aapravasi Ghat Aapravasi Ghat is located on the 1st Quay Street in Port Louis in Mauritius. It is a landmark in itself and can be easily located and the best way to travel is by a private taxi or cab.

Plan of the Appravasi Ghat showing the Sectors and archaeological excavation trenches. From the Aapravasi Ghat Trust archive.

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ST PAUL CHURCH

THE ART OF MEMORY

Correspondant with Aapravasi Ghat, a historical place is found in the center of a small state in Malaysia called Malacca. St. Paul’s Church was originally built in 1521 by a Portuguese ship Captain called Duarte Coelho in gratitude for his narrow escape from a large storm at sea. St. Paul’s Church in Melaka is believed have been to be the first permanent church in South East Asia.

One of the striking things about St. Paul’s Church is how badly it has deteriorated.

There older churches in other places that are a lot better preserved. The reason for this is that the church stopped being used as the community’s main Christian place of worship in 1753 after the construction of Christ Church Melaka found at the bottom of the hill. The Dutch colonialists used the structure as a fortification and the British East India Company, who took over Melaka in 1825, used the old church to store ammunition.

The building is made with brick just like Aapravasi Ghat. Even the structure is quite same. It feels like Aapravasi Ghat has been taken and shifted to Melacca. The poor condition of St. Paul’s Church is unfortunate, and to really appreciate the importance of this building, visitors are required to know about it’s history and to use their imagination just like in Mauritius.

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DOMAINE DE LABO

Formerly a sugar estate located in Mapou, Domaine de Labourdonnais is today a perfect illustration of the coexistence between modernity and tradition in Mauritius.

It is now a living museum that welcomes many visitors invited to discover a magical place where history, flora, orchards, gastronomy and Mauritian know-how are at the forefront.

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The castle, a beautiful colonial residence dating back to 1856, is a privileged witness to the rich past and lifestyle of the time. Open to visitors, its beautiful marquetry works, precious furniture and perfectly renovated typical architecture are waiting to be discovered.

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OURNNAIS CASTLE

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Visiting the Chateau de Labourdonnais A few metres away from the Château, visitors can try out gourmet meals prepared and its surroundings

by Italian chef Fabio de Poli at La Table du uilt in 1856 and inhabited by a Mau- Château, or stock up on local delicacies ritian family for over 150 years, the and souvenirs at La Boutique du Château.

Château de Labourdonnais invites visitors to discover the 19th-century art of Tailor-made packages are available for groups wishing to discover the Château living in Mauritius. and Domaine de Labourdonnais differThe visit does not stop inside the Château ently. Innovative and fun activities are dede Labourdonnais. Visitors are also invit- signed to extend the visit; blind tastings ed to discover the sublime estate housing of 100% Mauritian products or the makthe Mauritian colonial building; a magical ing of in-house rum, which visitors can place cut off from the world, where his- then bring home in a souvenir bottle, are tory, nature, gastronomy and Mauritian favourites among visitors. know-how come together.

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Many Intendance trees (Ficus Retusa) board the path leading up to the Château de Labourdonnais, where an exciting historical and cultural visit awaits. While walking or during your trip aboard the Labourdonnais Express, the little train that travels through Domaine de Labourdonnais, its gardens and orchards, visitors are invited to discover the surroundings of the Château and its exceptional natural setting. Giant turtles resting peacefully in the sun can usually be spotted at the heart of the old park. The visit ends with a tasting of 100% Mauritian products – jams, fruit pastes and juices, and rums – made by Les Vergers de Labourdonnais and La Distillerie de Labourdonnais.

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Labourdonnais Express Climb aboard the Labourdonnais Express and enjoy a fresh and entertaining way discovering the Domaine de Labourdonnais. The Express offers a 45-minute guided tour of the estate’s gardens and orchards, complete with a fruit paste and juice tasting session.

Private tours are available upon request.

Capacity: 15 adults

THE ART OF MEMORY

Important notice: Bookings are compulsory to ride the Labourdonnais Express.

Renting the Chateau de Labourdonnais for your events The Château de Labourdonnais’ gardens and restaurant, La Table du Château, can host all kind of events and receptions: weddings, cocktails, concerts…

Domaine de Labourdonnais also responds to tailor-made event requests, going from the rental of the venue to full support in the installation of temporary structures, the rental of relevant equipment, flower arrangements and entertainment.

The gastronomic restaurant, La Table du Château, offers catering services comprising refined and personalized menus for all types of receptions, including a wide selection of appetizers and more gastronomic dishes.

Opening hours: Tuesday to Sunday: 9am – 5pm (last admission at 4pm) Contact: T: +230 266 30 07 E: leisure@ddl.mu / leisure.admin@ddl.mu

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the castle table Mixing tradition and modernity, chef Fabio de Poli offers a creative and innovative menu inspired by old family recipes and made using the fruits and vegetables harvested on the Domaine de Labourdonnais. La Table du Chateauxs gastronomic cuisine is rather surprising, using citrus fruits, herbs and spices, as well as exotic fruity flavours.

Opening hours: Monday to Saturday: 8am to 11pm Sunday: 8am to 5pm Bookings are compulsory for supper.

Contact: T: +230 266 71 72 E: ad.latableduchateau@gmail.com

the castle shop La Boutique du Château offers many typically Mauritian souvenirs and gifts, as well as Domaine de Labourdonnais products, local craftsmen’s confections, clothes and decorative objects.

Opening hours: Monday to Sunday: 9am – 5pm Contact: T: +230 266 30 07 E: leisure.shop@ddl.mu

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the terrace La Terrasse, located two minutes away from the Château, is a warm café with a convivial atmosphere. It offers a simple and tasty cuisine, comprising typical Mauritian dishes and other more European options like salads, sandwiches, paninis, toasties, quiches and pasta. Open for breakfast, lunch and afternoon coffee breaks, La Terrasse is a peaceful place full of charm.

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Opening hours: Monday to Friday: 7:45 am – 5pm Saturday: 8am – 12:30pm Contact: T: +230 266 30 08 / +230 266 84 95 E: laterrasse@ddl.mu

The Ernest Wiehe conference room The Ernest Wiehe conference room is a reception area located at the heart of Domaine de Labourdonnais. Available for rental, it can host various receptions and is the ideal space for conferences, training sessions or exhibitions. This 100m² room can accommodate up to a hundred people, providing all necessary audio and video equipment for dedicated events.

Other services are also offered, including catering and other event requirements. Parking spaces are available, benefiting – just like the Ernest Wiehe conference room – from 24-hour security.

Contact: T: +230 266 30 07 E: leisure.events@ddl.mu / leisure.assistant@ddl. mu

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THE ARCHITECTURE

The column of the castle is made of Roman style

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CITADEL FORT Heading to Port Louis for some much needed shopping? We approve of it but you might want to take a small break from the busy life of Port Louis and head to Citadel Fort for a little break.

You will not be disappointed!

THE ART OF MEMORY

The construction of Citadel Fort began on 11th November 1830 and ended 10 years later on 4th November 1840 and was built in the honour of the wife of King William IV. Out of the four fortresses built by the British during the 19th century, it is only the Citadel Fort, also known as Fort Adelaide, that resisted the French invasion.

The Fort was originally built as a means to fortify the defense of Port Louis but was never used for that reason. It is now known as a famous spot for impressive views of the Capital. The Fort itself is an impressive sight. With the wall made of huge cut stones of basalt rocks, the Fort still holds some remnants from the past such as cannons.

However, the Citadel Fort is now famous for the 360-degree view of the Capital. Here, you will have a breathtaking view of the Capital and you get it from all the angles! You will have views of the China Town, Champ de Mars, and mountains all at one place. So pack your things and bring along your camera as panoramic pictures are a must at this spot!

Fort Adelaide is a very famous spot among locals who often visit it during the weekend for a small break or for jogging as it does have beautiful views for sunsets and sunrise hence we do recommend visiting during the week to avoid a crowd.

The little piece of historical architecture is sure to impress you, be sure to include it in your visit.

We recommend including it in your visit to Port Louis.

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An amazing view of the capital city

The view from the ramparts of La Citadelle encompasses on all sides, a large part of Port Louis, offering a splendid and clear view of the sea. The most powerful guns used by the English at the beginning of the colonization could reach a range of about two kilometers and were of a formidable precision for the time. The fort could accommodate 200 soldiers and their officers. It contained enough supplies and ammunition to hold a three-month siege, which never happened.

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The architecture The building was renovated in 2005 by a French museologist, Claude Faulque. The architecture is typical of the English military buildings of that time, with the officers ‘quarters, the soldiers’ quarters, the main courtyard, the powder magazine . The huge cut stones are made of basalt blocks.

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The citadel fort backward

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THE ART OF MEMORY

le morne brabant

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The symbol of freedom

L

e Morne Mountain represents marronage and its impact in Mauritius.

It is a symbol of the slaves’ fight for freedom, their suffering, and their sacrifice. The countries from which the slaves came from are: the African mainland, Madagascar, and India- these people have been represented culturally by Mauritians through shared memories and oral traditions.

Indeed, Mauritius, an important stopover in the eastern slave trade, also came to be known as the “Maroon republic” because of the large number of escaped slaves who lived on Le Morne Brabant Mountain. Maroon slaves lived in harsh conditions including, lack of food, shelter and the fear of being discovered. The punishment for marronage was very harsh and it included whipping, torture and even death.

It is said that after the British passed the Slavery Abolition Act in 1834, a group of soldiers and police travelled to Le Morne in order to inform runaway slaves that they were finally free. But on seeing the authorities approaching, the slaves went frantic with the fear of being dragged back to slavery and so they climbed to the top of Le Morne Brabant’s cliff and jumped to their deaths. Hundreds of slaves chose freedom in death rather than face the horrors of dehumanisation in the form of slavery.

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Hikers on their way to experience the best view on top of le morne mountain.

Hiking Le Morne Brabant Nature lovers should definitely try the Le Morne Brabant’s impressive 3.5 kms hiking trail for having a more immersive experience in the area’s exoticism. You will walk through luxuriant green vegetation consisting of gigantic endemic trees as well as smaller exotic plants.

The Le Morne Brabant hiking trail invites nature lovers and adventurers for an exciting hiking experience. The hike can last between three to four hours, whereby you will be guided by professionals with EFR/WFA certification. You may also get access to the second part of the mountain which is only accessible through authorized guides.

As you hike your way to the top, you will find a gigantic, basalt rock peak dotted with caves which once harbored runaway slaves. Toward the summit, you will encounter a rocky hill, which can be quite a challenging climb and requires special equipment. As you gradually move to the summit you will easily spot the huge metal cross which marks the highest accessible point. Your endurance will be rewarded on reaching the top of the mountain with a truly breathtaking view over the Indian Ocean and Mauritius’ beautiful southern region. Take this chance to marvel at the absolutely stunning views of the nearby island Ile aux Benitiers, Le Morne beach, and other spectacular surrounding areas.

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The Slave Route Monument The International Slave Route Monument at Le Morne was unveiled in on 01st February 2009 at the foot of the Le Morne Brabant Mountain.

The monument is located in a garden with native vegetation. The monument is integrated with the restored natural environment of the peninsula and the western cliff and slope of the Mountain as a setting.

The monument was purposefully erected at this particular area of the landscape because of its linear connection between the sea, beach, a historical and legendary place called’ Valley of Bones’ and the west cliff face.

The locality provides a clear eastward view to the edge of the mountain, caves on the cliff faces and the sheer drop by maroon slaves from the top of the mountain to the ‘Valley of Bones’ to achieve freedom. The locality is near the intended heritage trails and connects to the circular contour path around the Mountain, providing linkage with other heritage and natural sites of significance.

From the top contour path, when standing at the ‘Valley of Bones’, there is a clear westward view towards the beach and the ‘Passe des Marrons’ and the ‘Passe de La Prairie’, the two points of escape to the open sea and Madagascar. When moving slightly northwards, one can discern the ‘eye’ on the face of the mountain’ on looking south-eastwards.

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THE ART OF MEMORY

EUREKA MAISON COLONIAL

Eureka House is a unique Creole house built in 1830 located by the river of Moka. It is an elegant Créole residence originally owned by British and French aristocrats in the 19th century. It is reputed to be one of the largest houses on the island, with 109 doors and windows.

nial-era shower. You will have a tour of the house and its beautiful gardens.

The Eureka house is much more than a house and museum, the property has grown into an attraction for both young and old nature lovers offering kilometers of tracks dedicated to footing.

The visit of the Eureka Mansion and its grounds There are many small waterfalls, endemic plants, provides an intriguing glimpse into colonial life. lush greenery which surrounds the house and The house is filled with antiques and photos of rare specimens. The visitor enters a world of the period. It also has a magnificent garden sur- peace and calm. rounded by waterfalls of the Moka River.

The Eureka house was restored and opened to the public as a museum in 1986. The house is constructed largely of wood and surrounded by a long, shady veranda. The extensive grounds consist of a curious mix of natural Mauritian plant life, including mango trees and palms, a waterfall and an English-style garden.

The museum has areas which are dedicated to music, art, antique maps, Chinese and Indian house wares and quirky contraptions like a colo

Waterfall at the back of the Eureka

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Very similar with Eureka House, with a very traditional English Tudor design, The Bala’s Holiday Chalet located in Tanah Rata is one of the oldest colonial buildings in Cameron Highlands built during the pre-war era and has been preserved in its original structure till today.

The Bala’s holiday Chalet

Both the building look similar as they have pitch design on their roof. Most of the colonials buildings have quite same design. The design is originally invented by the British.

These buildings has good ventilations as theres many windows all over. The roofs are made up with wood.

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THE ART OF MEMORY

LA ROUTE DU THE

T

he Tea Route is a unique and charming excursion, bringing together gastronomy, history and culture. This itinerary makes one discover two closely related worlds: tea and sugar. By going through Le Domaine des Aubineaux, Le Domaine de Bois Cheri and Le Domaine de Saint-Aubin, take a trip into the Mauritian history and its colonial heritage.

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Visit 1: Le Domaine des Aubineaux Aubineaux, a colonial house built in 1872 is the first residence which was provided with electricity in 1881. It was converted into a museum in 2001. It exhibits antique furniture from the 17th century, a collection of portraits and photos of the old Curepipe and of colonial houses that have long been demolished. The house is surrounded by a beautiful garden with camphor trees, exotic plants, endemic trees and a five century old Colophane tree.

The Domaine des Aubineaux now offers local traditional cuisine during lunchtime, away from the hustle and bustle of the town.

Visit 2: Le Domaine des Bois Cheri The Domaine de Bois Cheri is Located in the Highlands in the south of the island. At about close to 500 meters altitude, this charming site offers the ideal conditions for growing tea. The tea factory of Bois Cheri is operating since 1892, and it is the first and largest tea producers in the country. Bois Cheri offers a wide selection of tea flavour.

After the factory and museum tours, a tasting at the cottage, with stunning views of the southern coast of the island allows visitor to enjoy the tea flavours offers by Bois Cheri.

Visit 3: Le Domaine de St-Aubin At Rivière des Anguilles, 4 km from Souillac, is the Plantation of Saint-Aubin. The estate offers in a single location an overview of activities that have marked the economic history of the island: a sugar factory converted into a museum, an artisanal distillery, a vanilla and anthuriums greenhouses. Built in 1819 from wood salvaged from demolished ships. The Saint-Aubin Residence has been converted into a restaurant and it’s upper floor shelters a naval museum. The Domaine offers a nature trail through it’s beautiful garden. A playground and a mini farm have been arranged for the children’s pleasure.

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Similar to La Route Du thé, Cameron Highlands in the district of Pahang, Malaysia is the most popular of the highland retreats in Malaysia. Located at almost 2,000 meters at its highest point, Camerons offers visitors a moderate climate with daytime temperatures averaging around 25°C and 18°C at night. This makes the environment conducive for growing continental plants, fruits like strawberries and vegetables while providing a cool escape for city-dwellers.

Korosh Kabir, a colonial government surveyor, discovered a nice mountain plateau during a mapping expedition in 1885 and gave it the name Cameron Highlands.

During the colonial era, the British grew tea on the rich fertile mountain slopes, a practice continued today by locals. Since then, it has become the biggest tea exporter in Malaysia along with a constant supply of vegetables to the country and Singapore. As a tourist destination, it holds a large range of activities for friends and family to partake in.

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THE TUDOR ARCHITECTURE

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The building is very similar of the Lakehouse in Cameron highlands which was built by the late Colonel Foster, retired British in 1966.

THE ART OF MEMORY

Both have the Tudor style which is very remarkable from far itself.

The Aubineaux residence was built in 1872 from teak wood and other local wood from demolished ships. It is adorned with quaint blue turrets in French fashion and an unusual large central corridor, as the architecture of tropical influence built rooms in a row for better air circulation.

The glazed veranda protects the inhabitants from the high humidity prevailing in this part of Mauritius.

During the renovation, the owners did not want to change anything, and the house has retained all of its period furniture and paintings. The residence was converted into a well preserved and restored museum in 2000.

The residence has a variety of characteristics that make it a highly stylized Tudor, including dormers. This architecture were knows as expensive to build as only rich people were having these homes.

The Tudor architectural style is the final development of Medieval architecture in England, during the Tudor period (1485–1603) and even beyond, and also the tentative introduction of Renaissance architecture to England-

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THE MARTELLO TOWER

THE ART OF MEMORY

An easy cache at an interesting location near La Preneuse beach in the village of Rivière Noire, south of Tamarin.

This imposing military fortification at La Preneuse in Black River was previously used against military attacks.

The Martello Towers could hold up to 40 soliders, with equipment and stocks of food and water for several days.

Given its direct contribution to the Mauritian history, during the 19th century, the Martello Towers have been proclaimed and protected as a National Monument.

The British built five Martello Towers in Mauritius between 1832 and 1835 at Grand Riviere Noire, Black River and Port Louis, of which three survive. They were designed as a coastal defence in case of invasion by the French navy who were unhappy with the British plan to abolish slavery.

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The masterpiece of ingeniosity made of raw sculpted stone, Lime and teak, among others. It took around three years to complete the construction of the tower, a height of 30 feet, a diameter of 43 feet on the outside and 28 feet on the inside making a wall of 11 feet thickness.

With the development of Port Louis in the 20th century, the Great Northwest River Tower served for many years of warehouse for ammunition and explosives of the SMF. That of the Preneuse, she, has been transforated into a museum.

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THE INTERIOR

The capitain's room

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The inside of Martello Towerx

The building is divided into four levels; The basement or the officers stored water and food, the ground floor where the powder magazine was located, the first floor was used as a sleep-rooms and kitchen for the soldiers and the roof sheltered cannon.

However, none of the Martello towers was used during a battle.

On the roof of the tower, a 24-pounder gun is mounted on a central pivot. The barrel could turn 360 degree to reach its target or it is. The scope of this type of cannon is 2km!

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Outdoor of Famosa

Identical with Martello Tower Museum, A Famosa also has an old Canon which is in the foreground. the city of Malacca was conquered by the Portuguese in 1511. So to suppress the attacks of the Malacca Sultanate, they immediately started the constructions of temporary camps, as well

as the main stronghold called A Famosa.

The Portuguese took around five months to complete the buildings. Many of the laborers died from the scorching heat and shortage of food.

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For a little more than a century afterwards, the Portuguese controlled the port city and its spice trade from A Famosa. The Dutch conquered Malacca in 1641 with the help of local allies. By this time, the invasion had caused more than 7,000 casualties.

The Dutch rule lasted for 183 years, during which the city saw relative peace thanks to the treaty between them and the Sultanate of Johor. When Napoleon’s army invaded Holland in 1795, the Dutch allowed the British to take control of Malacca without any battle. The British had little interest in keeping it, however, and they destroyed the A Famosa fortress in 1807 along with most of the city`

The old stone that’s been used to make this building

Both the structures are made up of thick stone and brick walls, and that’s what made them a sturdy platform, and also highly resistant to enemy cannon fire. The walls are said to be around 5 to 6 feet thick.

Stone walls are usually made of local materials varying from limestone and flint to granite and sandstone. However, the quality of building stone varies greatly, both in its endurance to weathering, resistance to water penetration and in its ability to be worked into regular shapes before construction.

Interior of the Famosa building