SITERESURRECTION
SITE
DESIGNPROPOSAL INTERVENTION
NASA-ANNUALNASADESIGNCOMPETITION2018
POLYMORPHOUS
BLOCK A TRACK AND FIELD STADIUM SUMMER OLYMPICS 2032
An Architectural project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for degree of Bachelor of Architecture under Savitribai Phule Pune University
(Affiliated to University of Pune &Approved byAICTE) (ID No. PU/PN/Engg./151/2000)
“ Polymorphous Block ”
S.No. 44/1, Vadgaon (Bk), Off Sinhgad Road, Pune 411041
SINHGAD TECHNICAL EDUCATION SOCIETY’S
Under the supervision of Prof. Sarika Thakoor
SINHGAD COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
Darshan Mahavir Khanter
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN PROJECT report on
An Architectural Design project done by
A Track and Field Stadium at Mumbai
Crafting Dimensions that Speak the Language of the New Millennium
This is to certify that Mr./Ms. Darshan Mahavir Khanter of Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s Sinhgad College of Architecture, Pune has successfully completed the Project titled ‘ Polymorphous Block – A Track and Field Stadium ’for the partial fulfilment of requirement for completion of ‘Bachelor of Architecture’ course. The project report is record of authentic work carried out by him/ her during the period from June 2020 to May 2021 to the best of the knowledge of undersigned. This Candidate has appeared at viva voce examination held in April / May 2021 at the Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s Sinhgad College of Architecture, Pune.
Ar. Sarika Thakoor Thesis Guide
PrincipalBanarjee
Prof. B.arch,BananiBanerjeeM.C.P.,Ph.D. Principal
SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY
Rohit N.Navale VicePresident
CERTIFICATE
Dr. Manjusha Gokhale Division B Coordinator
Prof.M.N. Navale M. E.(Elect.)MIE.,MBA Founder President
Rachana Navale Ashtekar Vice President
Dr. Banani
SINHGAD TECHNICAL EDUCATIONSOCIETY’S SINHGAD COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
S.No. 44/1, Vadgaon (Bk), Off Sinhgad Road, Pune 411041
examiner forArchitectural Project
examiner forArchitectural
External
(Affiliated to University of Pune & Approved by AICTE) (ID No. PU/PN/Engg./151/2000)
Internal Project
Tel. :020 24350465/0468/0541/2723/3527/5038/5889 Ext. 729 Tel. Fax : 020 24351439 Website: www.sinhgad.edu E-mail: scoa@sinhgad.edu
Dr.Mrs. Sunanda M. Navale B.A.,M.P.M., Ph.D. Secretary
Division: B ; Roll No:- 35
DECLARATION
I, DARSHAN MAHAVIR KHANTER, hereby declare that Architectural Design Project report on ‘ POLYMORPHOUS BLOCK – A TRACK AND FIELD STADIUM AT MUMBAI ’ for the partial fulfilment of requirement for completion of ‘Bachelor of Architecture’ course of Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s Sinhgad College of Architecture, Pune, is record of my work carried out under the guidance of Ar. SARIKA THAKOOR during a period from June 2020 to May 2021. The information provided in this study is authenticated to the best of my knowledge. The matter embodied in this report has not been submitted for the award of any other degree or diploma. I further declare that the material obtained from other sources has been duly acknowledged in this report.
DARSHAN MAHAVIR KHANTER
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION
Fifth Year B.Arch 2020-2021
I respect and thank my parents for providing me an opportunity to pursue this degree and giving me all support. I am extremely thankful to Prof. Banani Banerjee for providing support and guidance.
DARSHAN MAHAVIR KHANTER
I owe my deep gratitude to our guide Ar. Sarika Thakoor who took keen interest on our project work and guided us all along, till the completion of our project work by providing all the necessary information for developing a good project.
The last word of acknowledgement delightedly goes to all my fellow classmates and all who are indirectly related to their spontaneous support given as and when necessary.
The success and final outcome of my journey as a student required a lot of guidance and assistance from many people and I am extremely privileged to have got this all along the completion of my degree in Bachelor of Architecture. All that I have done is only due to such supervision and assistance.
DIVISION : B, ROLLNO : 35
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
FIFTH YEAR B. ARCH 2020 2021
I am thankful to and fortunate enough to get constant encouragement, support and guidance from all Teaching staffs of Sustainable Architecture department which helped us in successfully completing our degree. Also, I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all non-teaching staff for their timely support.
I would not forget to remember Dr. Manjusha Gokhale, Prof. Leena Jain, Prof. Pallavi Patil for their encouragement and more over for their timely support and guidance till the completion of our project work.
Photo by Fionn Große
Since the beginning, man has been dependent on food, cloth and shelter for its survival. In olden times, the primary source of survival was based on these three entities. As human populations increased and societies developed, there came into being a more complex and structured setting for life. Human wants and desires converged from primary sources of survival to more sophisticated elements such as entertainment, pleasure and self pursuit amongst others. Sports became man’s number one source of entertainment and pleasure since then. In the beginning, sports often involved the preparation for war or training as a hunter. Team sports was developed to train military contingents for war and battles.
In modern times, the meaning of sports has completely changed and settled into more of a competitive event, played individually or amongst a group of players pitted against each other in the spirit of winning and fair play. Sporting activities is one of few activities intertwined in human life. Sport as a word has different meaning for every human being. Some do it as a pleasure activity, some for good health and well being, while a few make it their occupation. Millions of lives are now dependent directly or indirectly on this activity. it has become an intangible force in driving human societies and cultures. A major source to unite people on good terms. Sports stadiums are getting bigger and larger and public infrastructure is being developed on unprecedented levels. Large scale sporting events such as World Cups, Olympics and many sports leagues attract millions and millions of people every year.
Nelson Mandela
ABSTRACT
Sport has the power to change the world, the power to inspire and unite people in such a way that little else does. It speaks to the youth in the language they understand. Sport can create hope where once there was despair.
2 – Introduction
• SWOT Analysis
7 Site Study and Analysis
• Mumbai as a host?
6 – Data Collection
• Track and field events
• Limitations
• Contour map detail
• Olympics in Numbers
4 – Olympics 2032
• Climate study
• Project Stakeholders
• Methodology
• Sports field standards
• World Athletics Standard 400 m track
• Site study
8 – Design Program
• Olympics and Olympic Legacy
• Bibliography
• London Olympic Stadium
• Online Survey What Indians Think?
• IOC and prerequisites for hosting the games
• Scope
INDEX
• Introduction
• IOC framework for hosting the games (2020 manual)
• India
• India’s Sports culture
• Activity Zoning
• Site Location
• Preceding Host Cities Case Study BEIJING 2008
• Site Surrounding and Context
• Objective
• Precedent Host Cities Case Study RIO 2016
• Mumbai and Sports
• New Stadium Proposal
• Project Brief
9 Design Proposal
• Potential host venues for Mumbai 2032
• Rio Olympic Stadium
1 Synopsis
• Aim
• Tangible and Intangible effects of the Games
• Olympics Host cities
• India’s Future Plans
• Reasons for selection of topic
3 – India and Olympics
• Program Formulation
5 Case Studies
• Olympic Sports
• Olympics a double edged sword?
• India’s Olympic History
• Mumbai’s Infrastructure
• Supporting host cities for Mumbai 2032
3. Propose solutions to host such a large event.
2. Various Online Case studies of past events and effects and impacts of hosting such events
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 10 SYNOPSIS
The modern Olympic Games or Olympics are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are normally held every four years, alternating between the Summer and Winter Olympics every two years in the four year period. Latest Olympics Games were to be held in 2020 in Tokyo (Delayed to 2021 due to the pandemic)
1. To understand the complexities of hosting a sporting event like Olympics.
1. The study comprises of a topic of large scale and hence is being limited to just the study for a proposal of hosting the Olympics in India
India is considered as one of the fastest developing countries in the world and now has a G D P of $ 3 Trillion Dollars and yet it hasn’t hosted an Olympic event in the history of sporting events It is only the top 15 nation in the world to not have hosted an Olympic event However this is about to change with India applying for hosting rights for the 2032 event
1. Opportunity to study the scale and complexity of the hosting the events
4. To come forward with a proposal to support the bid for the hosting rights for the 2032 event
3. Online surveys, interviews with concerned authorities to gain knowledge about hosting such an event.
1. A detailed study of the process of hosting the Sporting event
Reason for topic Selection :
2. To understand the impact of hosting the Olympics.
Introduction :
Methodology : Scope Limitation: :
Aim
The objective of this undertaking is to understand the complexity of hosting a mega event Olympics, right from the process of initial steps of biddings for the Olympics for host cities to actually manage the mega event To understand the higher impacts of the games and the various facets (economic, tourism, infrastructure, culture, sports and other industries) of life it impacts at the national as well as personal level Study examples of success and failures of the past hosts and analysing the impacts of hosting the Games Observing the data and inferencing with a proposal to bid for the Games
4. A thorough analysis and design proposal for hosting such an event
3. Come up with a proposal for hosting the Games in India with a specific focus on a detailed proposal on one stadium
2. Analyze and propose a solution for the impacts of the Games
2. Limited to proposal of only one major stadium and focus on the detail of the proposal
Personal interest in architecture, building industry, research, sports, world affairs, economics, history, geography and an opportunity for a proposal for the live project
Objective: :
SportAccord uses the following criteria, determining that a sport should:
The originally European dominated modern Olympic Games generally also ensured standardization in particularly European, especially British, directions when rules for similar games around the world were merged
Sport is usually governed by a set of rules or customs, which serve to ensure fair competition, and allow consistent adjudication of the winner. Winning can be determined by physical events such as scoring goals or crossing a line first. It can also be determined by judges who are scoring elements of the sporting performance, including objective or subjective measures such as technical performance or artistic impression
What is Sport?
The documented history of sports goes back at least 3,000 years In the beginning, sports often involved the preparation for war or training as a hunter, which explains why so many early games involved the throwing of spears, stakes, and rocks, and sparring one on one with opponents.
The precise definition of what separates a sport from other leisure activities varies between sources The closest to an international agreement on a definition is provided by SportAccord, which is the association for all the largest international sports federations.
History of SPORTS :
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 12
With the first Olympic Games in 776 BC at Olympia Greece which included events such as foot and chariot races, wrestling, jumping, and discus and javelin throwing the Ancient Greeks introduced formal sports to the world. These games took place every four years, or Olympiad, which became a unit of time in historical chronologies.
• not rely on any "luck" element specifically designed into the sport
The traditional team sports are seen as springing primarily from Britain, and subsequently exported across the vast British Empire.
European colonialism helped spread particular games around the world, especially cricket, football of various sorts, bowling in a number of forms, cue sports (like snooker, carom billiards, and pool), hockey and its derivatives, equestrian, and tennis, and many winter sports
Modern Sports :
The first modern Olympics was hosted in the year 1896 at Athens, Greece
INTRODUCTION : SPORTS
• be in no way harmful to any living creature
First Modern Olympic Games at Athens, Greece 1896
• not rely on equipment provided by a single supplier (excluding proprietary games such as arena football)
• have an element of competition
Fifth Year B.Arch
The Games were first held in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and were most recently held in 2016 in Rio de Janeiro,
StrongerThe5 rings of the Olympics logo represent the five continents: Europe, Asia, Africa, America, and Oceania
The Olympic Games also known as the Games of the Olympiad, are a major international multi sport event normally held once every 4 years
TheBrazil purpose of the Olympic Movement is to promote the practice of sport all over the world and disseminate the Olympic values It is in this spirit that the Olympic Games are held and celebrated
Darshan Khanter
13
The Olympic motto is made up of three Latin words : Citius Altius Fortius These words mean Faster Higher
INTRODUCTION : What is OLYMPICS?
ARCHERY ATHLETICS BADMINTON BASEBALL BASKETBALL BEACH VOLLEYBALL BOXING CANOE SPRINT CYCLING DIVING EQUESTRIAN FENCING FOOTBALL GOLF GYMNASTICS HANDBALL HOCKEY JUDO KARATE MARATHON MODERN PENTATHLON ROWING RUGBY SAILING SHOOTING SKATEBOARDING SPORT CLIMBING SURFING SWIMMING TABLE TENNIS TAEKWONDO TENNIS TRAMPOLINE TRIATHLON VOLLEYBALL WATER POLO WEIGHTLIFTING WRESTLING Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 14 INTRODUCTION : OLYMPIC Sports 40 + Major Sports in Olympics
A lot of local habitants of the city get huge job opportunities and the local business gain from the event
INTRODUCTION : LEGACY
The host city not only benefits on a short term by hosting the visitors as well as the sports athletes, it also reaps the benefits of improved infrastructure and long term economic boost
Olympics play an important part not only the sport life but also in the cultural life of the global community.
Psychological Political
The tourism sector witnesses long term benefits even long after the games are over
It has far more major impacts on economics, tourism, infrastructure, cultural, psychological and political aspects of the city and the country
Medals are not the only thing at stake during the Olympics, a lot of pride and honour of the host city and the country is risked during this event
The Olympics have a considerable impact on the development of the personal, national and global identity of people because the Olympic Games are the major event in the sport life of the world and people get involved into the Olympics at all level, from individual participation or involvement into the Olympics to the national and global level when people form and support their national teams and compete with other teams and sportspersons from all over the world
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
OLYMPIC LEGACY
Millions of spectators fly in to the host city to witness the sporting debacle first hand and experience the gala event in person.
The Olympics involve nations from all over the world and they are the major sport events in every four years in the entire world. At the same time, the Olympics attract not only sportspersons but also spectators, who are interested in sports and who either attend Olympics in the area, where they take place, or watch the Olympic Games broadcasts
The host city gets bragging rights to host the event and make a mark for the city on the world stage
The OLYMPIC
INTERNATIONALOLYMPICCOMMITTEE
15
Economic Tourism Infrastructure Culture
Hosting the Olympics is a once in a generation opportunity for a city and the country.
Major sporting events usually require upgrades to transport and communication links This investment leaves a lasting legacy for the whole economy. Better transport links reduce congestion and help to improve efficiency for local business. It can help increase the productive capacity of the economy
Typically, major sporting events require investment in building stadium and hotels This creates jobs for the local economy for up to 4 years before the event. These extra jobs help create a positive multiplier effect within the local economy.
Uncertainty over future use of the infrastructure.
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
The investment in sporting facilities to host the mega event helps in creating a world class sporting infrastructure for the host city even after the event is over.
A major sporting event like the Olympics can attract thousands of people for the duration of the games These foreign tourists bring a boost to the local economy. In particular the local tourist trade, shops/hotels will benefit from the surge in visitor numbers
Encourages investment in transport and infrastructureInflux of foreign visitors
The host city reaps the benefits of being a world class city and a major tourist and business destination after the games are over
The cost of hosting a major sporting event has increased significantly in recent years It includes, not only, all the investment but also the heightened security. It is hard to meet these costs through sponsorship and ticket sales alone. Therefore, it can lead to higher taxes for the local population.
Majority of the last games in the past 3 decades have shot up by at least 15 % of their set budget Average budget increase witnessed for the games is 40 50%
INTRODUCTION : Tangible and Intangible EFFECTS
16
Economic BENEFITS of hosting the Olympics
Puts the host city on world map
Economic COSTS of hosting the Olympics
Job creation
Disruptions during the games
The Olympics requires a lot of investment, which may not necessarily be used in the future. Many custom built sporting events may not be used in the future. If they are not used, then it is an inefficient use of resources Taxpayers will pay for the cost of building but will get a poor return in terms of improved public services
It is feared that during the Olympics there will be a disruption to local businesses affected due to the games. Also, major protests and public anger have disrupted some events in the past games.
Budgets going over and above the set limit.
High initial Investments.
World class Sporting facilities post-games
It is feared that during the Olympics there will be a disruption to local businesses not affected. For example, increased security features make it more difficult to continue normal business.
Major sporting events usually require upgrades to transport and communication links. This investment leaves a lasting legacy for the whole economy. Better transport links reduce congestion and help to improve efficiency for local business. It can help increase the productive capacity of the economy (shifting aggregate supply to the right).
5 Local business squeezed out by contracts with multinational sponsors
2. Influx of foreign visitors
3 Job Typically,creationmajor
1 TheExpensecostof hosting a major sporting event has increased significantly in recent years
17 Source : www.economicshelp.org
4. Opportunity cost
CostsandbenefitsofhostingtheOlympics
It is estimated that the ‘Olympics Effect’ leads to a boost in economic growth due to the higher investment and foreign visitors. This leads to higher tax revenues for the government
sporting events require investment in building stadium and hotels This creates jobs for the local economy for up to 4 years before the event These extra jobs help create a positive multiplier effect within the local economy It is hoped that the London Olympics will help regenerate the east end of London Some argue this temporary job boost can prove more permanent if the economic regeneration continues after the games
4. Higher economic growth
The Olympics requires a lot of investment, which may not necessarily be used in the future Many custom built sporting events may not be used in the future If they are not used, then it is an inefficient use of resources Taxpayers will pay for the cost of building but will get a poor return in terms of improved public services
INTRODUCTION
The Olympics is partly financed by large marketing budgets of multinationals, such as Coca Cola, Visa, Samsung and others However, the advertising comes with strict rules about monopoly privileges associated with the Olympics Local business can be banned from mentioning the Olympics; there is no scope for local suppliers to be involved
Local taxpayers are not always supportive because they feel that there are better alternatives to spending public money on the Olympic stadium. For example, building social housing, improving the environment and improved transport
A major sporting event like the Olympics can attract thousands of people for the duration of the games These foreign tourists bring a boost to the local economy In particular the local tourist trade, shops/hotels will benefit from the surge in visitor numbers However, it is worth noting that these visitor numbers tend to be temporary
1 Encourages investment in transport and infrastructure
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
2 Will the infrastructure be used in the future?
3. Disruption during the event
: OLYMPICS – A double edged sword?
Tejvan Pettinger
Major sports events such as the World Cup and the Olympics are often seen as a potential source of economic regeneration Yet, many are worried about the economic costs of hosting a major sporting event that only lasts for three weeks These are some of the economic benefits and potential costs of the Olympics and other major sporting events
It includes, not only, all the investment but also the heightened security It is hard to meet these costs through sponsorship and ticket sales alone Therefore, it can lead to higher taxes for the local population
CostsofeventsliketheOlympic:
EconomicbenefitsoftheOlympics:
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch Americas7 Oceania2 Asia5 Africa0Europe20 32 OLYMPICS 2 PROPOSED 1. 1896 Athens, Greece 2. 1900 Paris, France 3. 1904 St. Louis, United States 4. 1908 London, England 5. 1912 Stockholm, Sweden 6. 1916 Cancelled (WWI Berlin had been awarded) 7. 1920 Antwerp, Belgium 8. 1924 Paris, France 9. 1928 Amsterdam, Netherlands 10. 1932 Los Angeles, United States 11. 1936 Berlin, Germany 12. 1940 Cancelled (WWII Tokyo had been awarded) 13. 1944 Cancelled (WWII London had been awarded) 14. 1948 London, England 15. 1952 Helsinki, Finland 16. 1956 Melbourne, Australia 17. 1960 Rome, Italy 18. 1964 Tokyo, Japan 19. 1968 Mexico City, Mexico 20. 1972 Munich, West Germany 21. 1976 Montreal, Canada 22. 1980 Moscow, Soviet Union 23. 1984 Los Angeles, United States 24. 1988 Seoul, South Korea 25. 1992 Barcelona, Spain 26. 1996 Atlanta, United States 27. 2000 Sydney, Australia 28. 2004 Athens, Greece 29. 2008 Beijing, China 30. 2012 London, England 31. 2016 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 32. 2020 Tokyo, Japan (postponed to 2021) 33. 2024 Paris, France 34. 2028 Los Angeles, United States 18 INTRODUCTION : List of Modern Summer Olympic HOST CITIES since 1896
1. Beijing Summer Olympics, 2008 $40 Billion
2. London Summer Olympics, 2012 $14.6 Billion
75,000+ Spectators for opening and closing ceremonies. 75,000 +
7.5 million Ticket Sales
11,0000+ Athletes from 200+ Countries 300+ Medals
19
INTRODUCTION : OLYMPICS in NUMBERS
3. Rio de Janeiro Olympics, 2016 $13.2 Billion
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
INDIA AND OLYMPICS
PPP
Italy $1.6
Spain $1.1 Trillion Mexico 75% Average
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
Russia $1.5
China $4.9
26.8 Average age
South
2nd
India is the populoussecond-mostcountry
Japan $3.7 Trillion Germany $2.8 Trillion United Kingdom $2.7 Trillion India $2.3
7th India is largestseventhcountrybylandarea 6th
India is fifth largest economy in the world of India’s Population
$1.5
India is the 6th largest economy of the world and is set to become the 3rd largest by the year 2025
France $2
$20.8
India is the second most populous country, the seventh largest country by land area, and the most populous democracy in the Boundedworld. by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast.
Canada $1.8
Australia $1.2
Brazil $1.2
7% Average
$14.9
India is the fastest growing economy among the developing countries
India only country of the top 15 economies to not host an Olympics Trillion United States Trillion Trillion Trillion Trillion Trillion Trillion Korea Trillion Trillion Trillion Trillion literacy rate of India’s Population growth rate for India’s per capita on model
2020 Source Ministry of youth and sports affairs website 21 INDIA AND OLYMPICS INDIA :
economy2010since $6000 Average
India is home to the largest youth population ( age 15 60)
income of India
9 MEDALSGOLD 7MEDALSSILVER 12MEDALSBRONZE 22 INDIA AND OLYMPICS : India’s OLYMPIC History
For a period of time, India national field hockey team was dominant in Olympic competition, winning eleven medals in twelve Olympics between 1920 and 1980.
India first participated at the Olympic Games in 1900, with a lone athlete (Norman Pritchard) winning two medals both silver in
Theathleticsnation
The run included 8 gold medals total and six successive gold medals from 1928 1956
Indian athletes have won 28 medals, all at the Summer Games.
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
first sent a team to the Summer Olympic Games in 1920, and has participated in every Summer Games since then
GAMES Gold Silver Bronze Total Rank
India does not even stand in the top 20 nations in medals count
India’s performance over the years
No. Nation Games Gold Silver Bronze Total 1 StatesUnited(USA) 27 1022 795 705 2522 2 Soviet Union (URS) 9 395 319 296 1010 3 Great Britain (GBR) 28 263 295 293 851 4 China (CHN) 10 224 167 155 546 5 France (FRA) 28 212 241 263 716 6 Italy (ITA) 27 206 178 193 577 7 Germany (GER) 16 191 194 230 615 8 Hungary (HUN) 26 175 147 169 491 9 East Germany (GDR) 5 153 129 127 409 10 Russia (RUS) 6 148 125 153 426 11 Australia (AUS) 26 147 163 187 497 12 Sweden (SWE) 27 145 170 179 494 13 Japan (JPN) 22 142 136 161 439 14 Finland (FIN) 25 101 85 117 303 15 South Korea (KOR) 17 90 87 90 267 16 Romania (ROU) 21 89 95 122 306 17 Netherlands (NED) 26 85 92 108 285 18 Cuba (CUB) 20 78 68 80 226 19 Poland (POL) 21 68 84 132 284 20 Canada (CAN) 26 64 102 136 302
dismal
1896 ATHENS did not participate 1900 PARIS 0 2 0 2 17 1904 ST. LOUIS did not participate 1908 LONDON did not participate 1912 STOCKHOLM did not participate 1920 ANTWERP 0 0 0 0 1924 PARIS 0 0 0 0 1928 AMSTERDAM 1 0 0 1 23 1932 LOS ANGELES 1 0 0 1 19 1936 BERLIN 1 0 0 1 20 1948 LONDON 1 0 0 1 22 1952 HELSINKI 1 0 1 2 26 1956 MELBOURNE 1 0 0 1 24 1960 ROME 0 1 0 1 32 1964 TOKYO 1 0 0 1 24 1968 MEXICO CITY 0 0 1 1 42 1972 MUNICH 0 0 1 1 43 1976 MONTREAL 0 0 0 0 1980 MOSCOW 1 0 0 1 23 1984 LOS ANGELES 0 0 0 0 1988 SEOUL 0 0 0 0 1992 BARCELONA 0 0 0 0 1996 ATLANTA 0 0 1 1 71 2000 SYDNEY 0 0 1 1 71 2004 ATHENS 0 1 0 1 65 2008 BEIJING 1 0 2 3 50 2012 LONDON 0 2 4 6 55 2016 RIO DE JANEIRO 0 1 1 2 67
TOTAL 9 7 12 28 53 INDIA AND OLYMPICS : India’s OLYMPIC History
Pro Kabaddi League is the only league in the world that supports Kabaddi sport Indian LeagueSportsSaga
2008 2013 20132014 2013
India’s sporting story lies in the core structure of how sports is handled and organised in India
INDIA AND OLYMPICS : India’s SPORTING CULTURE
Indian sports faces a lot of political and administrative obstacles which used to depress the growth of the sports industry in India.
Sports Governance in India
Indian Premier League is the glamourisedmostCricketleagueintheworld
These federations are directly affiliated to their respective international federations Similar to the IOA and NSFs, government intervention is restricted by the charter of their respective international federations
This Leagues under the right management have become multi billion dollar businesses supporting thousands of athletes and sportspersons from grass root level to professionals
Though recently, India has taken positive steps in opening up the sports business in India and allowed major sports leagues to operate and flourish.
Premier Badminton League is rapidly becoming one of the best leagues for young badminton talent
Indian Super league has bought in the much needed fanfare and energy to the football leagues
24
This can be visible in the recent inception and operation of many fancy and high budget sports leagues such as the IPL, ISL, Pro Kabbadi league, Pro Badminton League, Hockey India League, Premier Futsal and many more to name
Hockey India league is helping young sports enthusiasts from grass root levels
While the IOA is the umbrella body under which all the NSFs and SOAs conduct various sporting events in the country, government bodies operate under MYAS, playing a support role such as training and infrastructure management
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
In accordance with the Olympic Charter that restricts government influence of sports federations, the sports bodies in India are autonomous entities.
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
Every year best 1000 kids will be given an annual scholarship of ₹5 lakh (US$7,000) for 8 years to prepare them for the international sporting events.
Khelo India Youth Games (KIYG), formerly Khelo India School Games (KISG), means Play India Youth Games, held annually in January or February, are the national level multidisciplinary grassroot games in India held for two categories, namely under 17 years school students and under 21 college students
25
INDIA AND OLYMPICS : India’s FUTURE PLANS
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
The Statesman/Sports/March
: Times Of India/Sports/May 2 2020
MumbaiCuphas
been selected as the city to host the 2023 International Olympic Committee (IOC) session.
India has hosted and co hosted several international sporting events, most notably the 1987, 1996 and 2011 Cricket World Cups, the 1951 and 1982 Asian Games, the 2010 Commonwealth Games, and the 2017 FIFA U 17 World
26
India has bid to host the 2026 Youth Olympic Games as well as 2030 Asian games
INDIA HAS BID TO HOST THE 2032
OLYMPICS
: Statesman/Sports/March 2020
The
2032 GAMESOLYMPIC2026YOUTHOLYMPICGAMES2030ASIANGAMES INDIA AND OLYMPICS : India’s FUTURE PLANS
: 2020
OLYMPICS 2032
–
Adequate Hotels for the tourists
Enough mass publicsystemstransit
City should be big enough to handle the games
3) The cities needs to maintain a highly positive media exposure to carry the games The tangible effects of hosting the Olympic games may not prove beneficial if the bid committees do not exercise proper judgment in developing the city to host the Olympics
If the IOC decides that a city has fulfilled the three points above, the city is considered a "Candidate City" and goes into the second phase of the process After submitting an application and an application fee, the IOC makes a final judging on which city is the best candidate for the coming Summer or Winter Olympic Games
1) The city must prove that it is big enough to handle the Olympics With the games come a huge number of tourists, athletes, journalists, and politicians. They must show that they can host the games in new stadiums and venues, they must house all the people in adequate hotels, and they have to transport everyone from one place to the next with a reliable mass transit system They also need to show that they can handle the high level of security needed at the games
For the next ten months, the IOC investigates the city on several points:
Proper stadiumshostandvenues
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 28
2) The city needs to convince residents that the expenses of covering the Olympics are worth it in city improvement and new jobs
PHASE 2
Every two years, cities around the world make bids to the International Olympic Commission (IOC) to host the Olympic Games Originally most Olympics games, especially the Winter Olympics, were selected on the strength of being a popular place for winter sports like a ski resort
OLYMPICS 2032 : IOC Qualification requisites
Any city that wants to host the Olympic Games puts in its name to the IOC and is considered an "Applicant City "
Proper arrangementsSecurityforthegames 1
PHASE
Source : www.Olympic.org
“
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 29
” OLYMPICS 2032 : New IOC Framework for HOST Cities - 2020 Innovation Flexibility Sustainability ResponsibilityShared
This document describes the contractual framework needed to host the Olympic and Paralympic Games, provides the rationale behind key provisions of the Olympic Host Contract The Olympic Host Contract reflects the Olympic Agenda 2020 and New Norm reforms as well as the new host election approach, approved by the IOC in June 2019. These reforms provide increased flexibility in the sharing of responsibilities, promote innovative delivery solutions focused on alignment with the future host’s long term development plans and goals to ensure sustainable Games and positive legacies. Through this document, the IOC seeks to assist cities, regions and countries interested in hosting future Olympic Games to develop a project that best fits their specific governance structure and legal context
I 2 The Host City and/or other Olympic Host(s)
I. Key actors involved in Games delivery
III Securing the necessary commitments
III 1 Operations : a Venues
Securing the venues required for the Games (availability and basic financial terms) as early as possible is key in order to consolidate the Games concept and mitigate risks In line with Olympic Agenda 2020’s emphasis on sustainability, priority must be given to the use of existing or temporary venues and infrastructure The construction of new permanent venues or infrastructure for the purpose of the organization of the Olympic Games can only be considered on the basis of sustainable legacy plans and if there is an added long term value for the region, city and the local population
The right and responsibility to host the Olympic Games is in principle entrusted to a city. However, since June 2019, the Olympic Charter provides the possibility to elect several cities or other entities such as regions, states or countries as Games host(s) This flexibility, through Olympic Agenda 2020 New Norm, allows for a better representation of public authorities and other stakeholders who contribute to the organization and financing of the Games, particularly in situations where events are held across several cities, regions or countries
2
3
Tennis
Gymnastics
1
10
7 Marina
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4
6 Maria
11 Riocentro
1 Deodoro
Modern
3
New venues for
2
6 Olympic
competition
Golf
10 Rio
8 Olympic
12 Riocentro Pavilion 3 Table tennis 7,000 13 Riocentro Pavilion 4 Badminton 6,500 14 Sambódromo Archery, Athletics 36,000 Temporary competition venues No. Venue Sport/s Capacity 1 Copacabana Stadium Beach volleyball 12,000 2 Deodoro Stadium Modern Pentathlon , Rugby 15,000 3 Fort Copacabana Marathon swimming, Cycling, Triathlon 5,000 4 Future Arena Handball 12,000 5 Mountain Bike Centre Cycling (mountain biking) 5,000 6 Pontal AthleticsCycling(racewalking), 5,000 7 Rio centro Pavilion 2 Weightlifting 6,500 Competition venues outside Rio de Janeiro 1 Mané Garrincha National Stadium Football 69,394 2 Mineirão Football 58,170 3 Itaipava Arena Fonte Nova Football 51,700 4 Arena Corinthians Football 48,234 5 Arena da Amazônia Football) 40,549 A Existing (no permanent work required) C Additional temporary (Games dependent) D New permanent 14 Existing renovationsreusedVenueswithandretrofitting 7 structuresTemporarybuiltfortheGames 11 PermanentNewstructures developed to host the Games OLYMPICS 2032 : Preceding Host Cities Case Study – RIO 2016
3
9 Olympic
8 Olympic
5 Olympic
9 Deo
11 Deo
No. Carioca Arena Basketball 16,000 Carioca Arena Judo and Wrestling 10,000 Carioca Arena Fencing and Taekwondo 10,000 Olympic Aquatics Centre Swimming and Water polo 15,000 BMX Centre Cycling (BMX) 6,000 Golf Course 20,000 Hockey Centre Field hockey 15,000 Tennis Centre 19,750 doro Stadium Canoe/Kayak (slalom) 8,000 Olympic Velodrome Cycling (track) 5,000 doro Youth Arena Basketball 5,000
Venue Sport/s Capacity 1
Existing competition venues Aquatics Centre (swimming)pentathlon 2000 Stadium Ceremonies and Football 74,738 Olympic Stadium (Engenhão) Football (8 x Athleticsgroup), 60,000 de Freitas Lagoon Rowing, Canoe/Kayak 14,000 Arena Volleyball 12,000 Lenk Aquatics Center Diving, Synchronized swimming, Waterpolo 6,500 da Glória Sailing 10,000 Equestrian Center 14,000 Shooting Center Shooting 4000 Olympic Arena (HSBC Arena) 12,000 Pavilion 9,000
2 Maracanã
4 Rodrigo
Equestrian
7 Olympic
RIO 2016
6 Boxing
5 Maracanãzinho
2
China Agricultural University Gymnasium Wrestling 8,000
9
10
No. Venue Sport/s Capacity
6
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6
Beihang University Gymnasium Weightlifting 5,400
Beijing National Stadium Athletics,CeremoniesFootball, 91,000
Stadium Football
1
Beijing National Aquatic Center
6 Triathlon
Venues Equestrian
Center Sailing
1
venues
4 Shanghai
Stadium Football 41,000 A Existing (no permanent work required) B Additional temporary (Games dependent) C New permanent 11 Existing renovationsreusedVenueswithand retrofitting 8 structuresTemporarybuiltfortheGames 12 NewdevelopedstructuresPermanentto host the Games OLYMPICS 2032 : Preceding Host Cities Case Study – BEIJING 2008
7
Beijing Institute of GymnasiumTechnology Volleyball 5,000
1
Beijing Shooting Range Clay Target Field Shooting (shotgun) 5,000
Fengtai Softball Field Softball 13,000
3
No. Venue Sport/s Capacity
7 Urban
7
11 Ying
Temporary competition
Stadium Football
11
8
4
Olympic Sports Centre Football, PentathlonModern(riding,running) 36,228 Sports Center Gymnasium Handball 7,000 Indoor Arena Boxing 13,000 Stadium Football 70,161 Tung Natatorium Water Polo, Modern Pentathlon (swimming) 4,852
Shunyi Olympic Rowing Canoeing Park Rowing, Canoeing, and Swimming (marathon) 37,000
8 Olympic
Beijing Shooting Range Hall Shooting (pistol, rifle) 9,000 Beijing University of GymnasiumTechnology Badminton, Gymnastics 7,500
10 Workers
5
Competition venues outside Beijing 1 Hong
5 Shenyang
2 Qingdao
4 Olympic
9 Workers
Beach Volleyball Ground Volleyball (beach) 12,000 BMX Field Cycling (BMX) 4,000
New competition venues for BEIJING 2008
8 Wukesong
12
Olympic Green Tennis Center Tennis 17,400
Wukesong Indoor Stadium Basketball 18,000
6 Tianjin
Peking University Gymnasium Table tennis 8,000
3
Beijing Science and Technology University Gymnasium Judo, Taekwondo 8,024
Laoshan Velodrome Cycling (track) 6,000
Laoshan Mountain Bike Course Cycling (Mountain Bike) 2,000
Capital Indoor Stadium Volleyball (final) 18,000
5 Olympic
Beijing National Indoor Stadium Gymnastics, Handball 19,000
5
3 Qinhuangdao
3
4
Olympic Green Archery Field Archery 5,000 GreenCenterConvention Fencing, Modern Pentathlon (fencing, shooting) 5,695 Green Hockey Field Field hockey 17,000 Venue Triathlon 10,000 Road Cycling Course Cycling (road race) Baseball Field Baseball 18,000 Kong Equestrian 69,394 International Sailing 58,170 Olympic Sports Center 51,700 Stadium Football 48,234 Sports Center 40,549 Olympic Center
2
Existing competition venues
2
Swimming, Diving and Synchronized Swimming 17,000
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 32 NO.SR CITY POPULATION(INLAKHS) CITY(SQ.KM)AREA MUNCIPAL BUDGET (CRORES / YEAR ) (BILLIONGDP$ PPP) INTERNATIONALAIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURESPORTS 1 Mumbai 12,442,373 604 35,000+ 310 STRONG STRONG 2 Delhi NCT 11,007,835 1483 25,000+ 290 STRONG STRONG 3 Bangalore 8,436,675 709 10,000+ 90 STRONG STRONG 4 Hyderabad 6,809,970 625 5000+ 75 INTERMEDIATE INTERMEDIATE 5 Ahmedabad 5,570,585 464 9500+ 65 INTERMEDIATE INTERMEDIATE 6 Chennai 4,681,087 426 3000+ 110 STRONG INTERMEDIATE 7 Kolkata 4,486,679 206 4000+ 150 INTERMEDIATE INTERMEDIATE 8 Surat 4,467,797 472 6000+ 60 WEAK WEAK 9 Pune 3,115,431 331 7500+ 70 WEAK INTERMEDIATE 10 Jaipur 3,046,163 484 1000+ 50 WEAK WEAK Mumbai? Bangalore? Delhi? OLYMPICS 2032 : Which INDIAN CITY would qualify as a host?
Lack of technical knowledge support exposure/opportunities
India has proposed to bid for the 2032 Olympics, is this a good move?Is setting up a National Sports competition for the Youth (Khelo India Sports Games) a move in the right direction to set up a strong base for sports talent?
Lack of Government Incentive
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 33
Little
What do you think is hindering India's Sports talent to go big on the world stage? HOST AN OLYMPICS?
India
If India is to host an Olympics, which city according to you should qualify as a host for the Olympics?
and
Hinderances for sports growth in
Mumbai 39% Delhi 23% Bangalore 24% Other 14% Indian CITIES 0 50 100
80%Yes No 5% Maybe 15% SHOULD INDIA
Do you think hosting such international events help India attract young talent into sports?
Lack of sports infrastructure
Yes 95% No 5% Support for k.i.s.g Yes 80% No 5% Maybe 15% Will it attract sports talent? OLYMPICS 2032 : What Indians say? (Public Survey)
• Chhatrapati world.airportbestAirportInternationalShivajiisthe3rdinternationalinthe
OLYMPICS 2032 : Mumbai as a host?
• Mumbai has a coastline of about 150 kilometers
Mumbai City
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 34
Mumbai Trivia
• Mumbai's Juhu Aerodrome was the first airport in India founded in 1928
Mumbai (formerly called Bombay) is a densely populated city on India’s west coast and the capital of the state of Maharashtra. Mumbai is the financial, commercial, and the entertainment capital of India. The city's also famous as the heart of the Bollywood film industry. It has the highest number of millionaires and billionaires among all cities in India. The city houses important financial institutions and the corporate headquarters of many Indian companies and multinational corporations. It is also home to some of India's premier scientific and nuclear institutes.
Maharashtra
• World’s most expensive house is in Mumbai.
Mumbai has a docking port at Mazgaon
Western Expressway further merges into the Golden Quadrilateral
Mumbai has a domestic internationalandairport as well as a private airport at Juhu
$ 2.2 Billion Navi isInternationalMumbaiairportbeingexecutedatPanvelandbeoperationalby2023.
OLYMPICS 2032 : Mumbai’s Infrastructure
of metro lines has been planned in the MMRDA region with 12 Metro Corridors across the region. Estimated time for completion is around 2025
Is being invested in Mumbai’s Road and infrastructuretransportsince2014.
Mumbai’s transportation Network
Eastern Lonavala,connectsexpresswaytoThane,Puneetc
JNPT is a naval port at Navi Mumbai.
100+ kilometres
Of highways and national transport networks being developed before 2022
Eastern expressway connects to Thane, Lonavala, Pune etc
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 35
Mumbai City
$ Billion25
12 Corridors
246 kilometres
• Oval Ground
• Parsi Gymkhana Ground
Andheri Sports Complex
Mahalaxmi Race Course 2032 : Mumbai and Sports
Fifth Year B.Arch 36
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Indoor Stadium
• D.Y Patil Sports Complex
• B.P.T. Ground
• Wankhede Stadium
D Y Patil Sports Complex
• Mahindra Hockey Stadium
Darshan Khanter
Sports Venues in Mumbai :
• Bandra Kurla Complex Ground
• Kalina Stadium
• Ramsheth Thakur International Sports Complex
• Cross Maidan
Sports Venues in Mumbai :
Mahindra Hockey Stadium
• Hindu Gymkhana Ground
• Mumbai Football Arena
Plethora of Sports Complexes and Sports Centres in Mumbai
OLYMPICS
• Cooperage Ground
• Brabourne Stadium
• Andheri Sports Complex
• Mahalaxmi Racecourse
• Middle Income Group Club Ground
8 Ramsheth Thakur International Sports Complex Multi Sport Complex 25,000 Football, Racing Track, Badminton, Basketball, Tennis, Squash, Swimming, Rock Climbing, Table Tennis
Darshan
No. Sports Venue Type Capacity / Area Sq.M Olympic Sports Temporary Host
1 Azad Maidan Open Public Ground 60,000 sq.m Boxing, Basketball, Skate boarding, sport climbing
5 Hindu + Parsi Gymkhana Ground Open Public Ground 40,000 sq.m Beach Volleyball, tennis, Handball
6 MMRDA Grounds Open Public Ground 25,000 sq.m Handball, Table tennis, Tennis, Wrestling, Climbing.
2 Bandra Kurla Complex Ground Open Public Ground 40,000 sq.m Wrestling, Weightlifting, Taekwondo, Judo, karate
6 Mahalaxmi Racecourse Equestrian Ground* Equestrian
7 Oval Ground Open Public Ground 80,000 sq.m Archery, Rifle Shooting, Basketball, Boxing, Pentathlon
8 Somaiya Grounds Private Ground 90,000 sq.m Badminton, basketball, Gymnastics, Judo, Equestrian
10 Swatantra veer Savarkar Academy Archery and Rifle Shooting Arena Archery, Rifle Shooting
9 Wankhede Stadium Cricket Stadium 35,000 pax Tennis, Rifle shooting, Archery
2 Bombay Presidency Golf Club Golf Club Golf
1 Andheri Sports Complex Multi Sport Complex 20,000 Football, Squash, Boxing, Tennis Karate, Swimming, Diving
3 Cooperage Ground Football Stadium 5000 Football
OLYMPICS : Potential Host venues in Mumbai
2032
What about Track & Field Stadium?
No. Sports Venue Type Capacity Olympic Sports Host
4 D.Y Patil Sports Complex Multi Sport Complex 60,000 Football, Badminton, Tennis, Swimming
7 Mahindra Hockey Stadium Hockey Stadium 9000 Hockey
3 Brabourne Stadium Cricket Stadium 50,000 pax Boxing, Badminton, Wrestling, Judo, Gymnastics
5 Kalina Stadium Tennis Stadium 5000 Tennis
Temporary / Permanent venues for other sports?
4 Cross Maidan Open Public Ground 55,000 sq.m Handball, Cycling, Fencing,
Existing Sports Venues in Mumbai :
Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 37
9 Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Indoor Stadium Multi Sport Indoor Stadium 10,000 Tennis, Badminton, Billiards, Table Tennis, Badminton, Carrom and Wrestling.
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 38
Goa is a small state south to Mumbai and famous for its water sports culture due to its proximity to the sea and clean beaches
Sports infrastructure Strong Major sport venue Balewadi Sports Complex Sports Archery,hostedAthletics, Football, Swimming, Badminton, Basketball, Boxing , Shooting , Table Tennis, Tennis, Weightlifting, Wrestling, Velodrome, Kabaddi etc
City / State Goa Distance 500 kms
Mumbai’s own sister city – Pune Goa – Sandy beaches and water sports paradise
OLYMPICS 2032 : Supporting host cities for Mumbai 2032?
City DistancePune150 kms
It can host some of the water sports of the Olympics Games
A Proposal for Multi - Sport Stadium in Mumbai
STADIUM CASE STUDIES
41Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch CASE STUDY : LONDON OLYMPIC PARK, LONDON – U.K
Capacity : 60,000 (regulated capacity)
Source LOCOG Olympic
Architects: Populous Year: 2011
Olympic Park – Master Plan
Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, in London, England, United Kingdom, is a sporting complex in Stratford. It was built for the 2012 Summer Olympics and the Paralympics, situated to the east of the city adjacent to the Stratford City development. It contains the athletes' Olympic Village and several of the sporting venues including the London Stadium and London Aquatics Centre, besides the London Olympics Media Centre. The park is overlooked by the ArcelorMittal Orbit, an observation tower and Britain's largest piece of public art.
–
42
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Park Master Plan
Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park
Source - LOCOG
Case Study London Olympic Park
Fifth Year B.Arch
Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre
International Quarter London
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Lee Valley EastArcelorMittalLondonVeloParkStadiumOrbitVillage,London
Case Study – London Olympic Park 43
London Olympic Park Venues
Fifth
London Aquatics Centre Copper Box Arena
Northern Parklands
London Olympics Media Centre
London Olympic Stadium
44
45
46
47
Section London Stadium
Detail Section of the London Stadium 300 150 Normal metres36 75 metres Concourse area Parking area Private area Upper Deck Play Area GalleryPrivate Lower Deck Roof systemLighting Focus Area
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Darshan
of the
48
Athletic mode Soccer mode
Fifth
Retractable seat moving system
49
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 50Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch Transformation of the Olympic stadium into legacy mode
Fifth
51
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CASE STUDY : MARACANA STADIUM, RIO - BRAZIL
52Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch
53
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Maracanã Stadium
Fifth Year B.Arch
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Maracanã Stadium
Area: 45700 m²
Field size 105 m × 68 m (344 ft × 223 ft)
Capacity 78,838
Year: 2013
Owner Rio de Janeiro State Government
LocationJaneiro Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro
Fifth
Surface ArchitectsGrass:schlaich bergermann und partner
Record attendance 199,854 (16 July 1950)
54
The stadium is part of a complex that includes an arena known by the name of Maracanãzinho, which means "The Little Maracanã" in Portuguese Owned by the Rio de Janeiro state government, the stadium is now managed by the clubs Flamengo and Fluminense, respectively It is located at the Maracanã neighborhood, named after the Rio Maracanã, a now canalized river in Rio de
55Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch Ground floor plan Ground floor plan Detail Section of Rio Olympics Stadium 150metres45 96 metres Seating Deck Play Area Cantilever Roof ConcoursePrivatearea area DeckLower Super columns
Detail Section of Rio Olympics Stadium 150 Normal metres45 96 metres Seating Deck Play Area Cantilever Roof Concourse Privatearea area Lower Deck Super columns
Darshan Khanter
Fifth Year B.Arch
57
Isometric Section view of the Maracanã Stadium
Pdfs
Bibliography :
• Sportsauthorityofindia
• Ministryofyouthand sports
• blueprint successful stadium development
• www.dezeen.com
• Contractual framework for hosting the Olympic and Paralympic Games January 2020
• uefa_guide_to_quality_stadiums
• thesportjournal.org The Benefits of Bidding and Hosting the Olympic Games are Difficult to Justify Due to the Overall Cos
• Tejas_September Edition_Article 1
• news18,.com
• www.Wikipedia.com/rioolympics2016
Websites -
• iaaf track and field facilities
• track and field facilities manual 2019 edition
• www.locog.org
• www.architecturaldigest.com
• stadium design manual
• www.timesofindia.com
• www.worldarchitecture.org
• london_olympic_stadium_case_study ICE
• www.archdaily.com
• www.architectureofthegames.net
• www.google.com/
• Indianolympiccommitee
• www.Olympics.org
DATA COLLECTION
Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.
If a race has too many people to run all at once, preliminary heats will be run to narrow down the field of participants.
Theracewalkingfootracing
events, which include sprints, middle and long distance events, racewalking and hurdling, are won by the athlete who completes it in the least time
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 60
Track and field (Athletics) sports includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.
Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer
Events are almost exclusively divided by gender, although both the men's and women's competitions are usually held at the same venue.
The name is derived from where the sport takes place, a running track and a grass field for the throwing and some of the jumping events
Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and
DATA COLLECTION: Track and Field Sports
The jumping and throwing events are won by those who achieve the greatest distance or height
• The width (goal line) has to be min 45 metres and max 90 metres
Sport GoverningSoccerbody FIFA
Sport Athletics (Track and Field events) Governing body World Athletics
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 61
Standard size adopted in many multi sport stadiums is 105 m x 68 m.
For international matches the rules are somewhat stricter:
• The width has to be minimum 64 metres and maximum 75 metres
• The length (touch line) has to be min 90 metres and max 120 metres
The grass types Depending of the climate, different turfgrass is needed. In cooler regions grass species like ryegrass, meadow grass and tall faescue is used. In warmer regions, species such as bermudagrass, zoysia species and seashore paspalum is used. The typical length of the grass on a pitch is 25 30 millimeters
The 400m Standard Track has 8, 6 or occasionally 4 lanes but the last is not used for international running competition. All lanes have a width of 1.22m ±0.01m.
DATA COLLECTION : Track and Field Sports
According to the stipulations from FIFA a football field should have specific minimum and maximum dimensions:
• The length has to be minimum 100 metres and maximum 110 metres
Soccer Field 400 m Athletic track
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 62
DATA COLLECTION: Sports field standard dimensions
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 63 DATA COLLECTION: World Athletics Standard 400 metre track
Zone 3 The concourses surrounding the activity area.
• Designers must recognize that management procedures such as the above can never be foolproof, and the stadium must be designed on the assumption of management failure There should, where possible, be a Zone 4 within the outer perimeter to which spectators can escape and where they will be safe even if the perimeter gates are locked, cutting them off from the outside world
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 64
• Managers must ensure that gates offering escape from the spectator terraces to places of safety must be manned at all times when the stadium is in use, and easily openable to let spectators escape in case of emergency
Zone 1 The activity area (that is the central area and/or pitch on which the games take place).
Zone 5 The open space outside the perimeter fence and separating it from the car parks The purpose of such zoning is to allow spectators to escape from their seats, in an emergency, to a series of intermediate safety zones leading ultimately to a place of permanent safety outside It provides a clear and helpful framework for design not only for new stadia but also for the refurbishment of existing facilities
Zone 1 – The playing field
Zone 4 The circulation area between the stadium and the perimeter fence
Zoneareas3
Zone 2 The spectator terraces.
The size and location of these zones are critical to the performance of the stadium in an emergency, and they are:
Zone 4 The circulation area surrounding the stadium structure and separating it from the perimeter fence
– The internal concourses, restaurants, bars and other social areas
DATA COLLECTION: Activity zoning
Zone 5 The open space outside the perimeter
Zone 2 – The Spectator seating and standing
SITE STUDY ANALYSISAND
SITE STUDY : Site Location
Mumbai has proposed a new sports complex right in the middle of a city on a plot reserved for a playground The proposed new site is located in West Andheri on Veera Desai road
A new proposal for an Athletics Stadium perfectly suits the site as a Multi sports complex is already proposed here
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 66
Mumbai’s Proposal for a new Sports Complex
The western harbour suburban line runs just 1.5 kilometres away from site on the Jogeshwarieast. station is the closest station to the site at 1.8 kms on the east.
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Fifth Year B.Arch 67
The first of the 12 dedicated metro routes Versova to Ghatkopar is operational and situated 2 kms on the southern side.
Azad Nagar Metro station is the closest station to the site at 2 1 kms
Andheri Sports Complex
SITE STUDY : Site Surrounding and Context
The proposed site sits in a vacant plot in the posh area of Andheri west Andheri is a well developed area on the north west side of Mumbai city
Jogeswari Station Site
Andheri Sports complex is a multi sport complex situated 1 5 kms on the southern side of the site It has an international level football, swimming, boxing and badminton facilities available at its site
Azad nagar Metro Station
Veera Desai road 24 m wide Site
B.Arch 68 SITE STUDY : Site Surrounding and Context
Fifth
Agarwal Estate road 24 m wide
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Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 69 North
Elevation profile A
Elevation profile B
Avg
contour depth 9 m above sea level Range 8 m to 11 m Avg contour depth 8 m above sea level Range 5 m to 20 m A B B Wind Direction – SW to NE Average temp 320 C AverageHumidityRelative70% SITE STUDY : Site study and contour map detail A
SITE
The World Cup had its first cooling breaks of the tournament during the last 16 match between Netherlands and Mexico in Fortaleza. Both set of players rehydrated with drinks, while both coaches took the opportunity to give team talks The heat forced fans to move to the back of the stadium to get shelter.
Source BBC News
FIFA said in a statement: "Climate conditions will be evaluated and should the temperature exceed 32 degrees, then the FIFA venue medical office will recommend cooling breaks to the FIFA general coordinator and match commissioner
Heat break condition : Football matches at 35° ambient temperature, 55% relative humidity and 30° wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) STUDY : Site study and climate data
• Site is well connected to civic infrastructure and amenities
• Ample area to accommodate other supporting use functions as well
S.W.O.T AnalysisSTUDY : S.W.O.T Analysis
W EAKNESS OTHREA T
• Access road are wide enough (24 m wide) to accommodate the proposed project
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 71
• Site is surrounded by many slums and encroachments
• Site surrounds many high rise buildings which need to be considered while designing for privacy
• Site is located in the posh locality of Andheri
• Site is almost flat with little to no contours
S TRENGTHS
• Site Area allows flexibility in planning and designing for open spaces
• Mumbai’s heat and humidity
• Opportunity to design a sustainable building that can impact the neighbourhood and the cities development
• Design can propose to solve some imminent problems of the area or city
SITE
PPORTUNITIES
• Site is elevated from the main road access giving a natural barrier.
• Site has good connectivity through road rail and metro
• Site experiences jacked up temperature environment due to urban heat island effect
• Site has opportunities for flexibility in design
• Site surrounded by slum dwellers and encroachments
• Site has a strong visual connectivity with the surrounding
• Site barely has any natural vegetation and landscape
• Site has a 4 star hotel opposite to the access road
• City has high humidity conditions unbearable for some users.
• The proposal for the project can set a precedent for international standard stadiums in India
• Site has many landmarks close to its proximity within 1 2 kms radius.
DESIGN PROGRAM
Depending upon the complexity of the project, its size, the legal and administrative framework in which the project is taking place, the entire development process can span several months or even years. Strict planning of the interlinked activities is required to make the development efficient and effective, and to ensure maximisation of opportunities is achieved. This process depends on the efficiency of the permitting phase, project management capabilities, continuous flow of financing and complexity of the construction.Numerous
When considering a new stadium development or a major reconstruction, understanding the logical process of development from start to finish is crucial to the successful realisation of the project Ideally the project should allow for a varied requirements of stakeholders to be factored into the development from beginning. Moving forward without such a process can leave stadium owners with multiple problems during the development and even after the facility has become operational Numerous project developers have been guilty and of not selecting the right site, not considering the local market, building too large of a stadium or not having sufficient premium seating, hospitality and retail facilities, and thereby missing revenue earning opportunities. These are all the factors that are avoidable if the appropriate expertise is involved at the right time, and in the right order The main objective of such studies is to provide an outline stadium development blueprint for developers, clubs, associations and public
parties are involved in the development of the project as intricate as a stadium Due to the high complexity and the breadth of technical skills required, it is of paramount importance to engage specialist and experienced personnel and consultants during the various phases of the project. This will support the timely implementation of the process phases within the budget and according to set standards and project objectives
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Theauthoritiesproposed
Project Background -
Project Development Process –
Project1 Vision Planning2 and feasibility study Design3 Construction4phase. Operation5phase. Thesis design proposal DESIGN PROGRAM : PROJECT BRIEF
Stadium development is a complex process that can be broken down from initial vision to the grand opening of the facility and subsequent operations. Progressing from one phase to another may only be possible if previous phases have concluded with positive results, and commitment on behalf of all stakeholders has been made to go forward.
project is a proposal for a Multi sport stadium in the city of Mumbai with the site located in Andheri. The proposal aims to alleviate the current need of international standard sports facilities while still providing the public a public infrastructure facility of leisure and entertainment activities
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3 Gymnasium 1000 1000
DESIGN
User Group 2 Spectators
Zoneareas
4 Spectator Seating Lower Deck As per Design Private Box / SeatingCorporate 150 x 4 600 Spectator Seating Upper Deck As per Design Concession Area 250 x 4 1000 Media Centres 100 2 200 Toilets 1: 50 pax Staircase, Elevators As per Design stadium PROGRAM
6 Dining and Lounge Facility 1500 1500
Zone 1 The playing field
3
1 Standard Multi Sport field with proper buffer zone As standardsper As per standards
8
6
2 Circulation Area 40% of Concourse Concourse Area As per Design
3 The internal concourses, restaurants, bars and other social areas
10
5 Private Access and Waiting area. 1000 1000
Zone 4 The circulation area between the stadium and the perimeter fence
7
5
Zone 2 The Spectator seating and standing
User Group 1 Sports Athletes
9
Zone 5 The open space outside the perimeter
Design Proposal 40,000+ spectator
1 Entrance area, Lobby + Circulation 100 x 4 400
No Description Area (Sq.m) Capacity / unit Total
Project Program Formulation
2 Dressing Room and Assembly and Rest area 300 pax 3000 3000
: PROJECT PROGRAM FORMULATION
4 Changing Area, Locker Room, Toilets, Wet rooms. 300 pax 3000 3000
PROJECT PROGRAM FORMULATION
User Group 6 Facility Maintenance Staff
5 Dining,
3
1 Medical Emergency room 200 200 Medical Staff room 200 200 Rest room + Toilets 200 200 forvehicleemergency 2 nos
Zone 2 The Spectator seating and standing The internal concourses and concessions area
2
1 Check Post + Security 100 x 2 200 Staff room 100 x 2 200 Rest room + Toilets 100 x 2 200
Design Proposal 40,000+ spectator stadium DESIGN
2
1 Maintenance Staff room 200 x 2 400 Manager’s office 100 x 1 100 Store Room + Utility 200 x 1 200 Services Area 500 500
Total
User Group 3 Admin + Management
2
2
6
1
Zoneareas 3
No Description Area (Sq.m) Capacity / unit
2 Two
4
Zone 1 The playing field
User Group 4 Security Personnel
Vehicular parking Car Park 1000 nos Wheeler 1000 nos PROGRAM :
3
User Group 5 Medical Staff + Emergency room
Darshan Khanter Fifth Year B.Arch 75
1 General office 500 x 2 1000 Secretary + officeManager 100 x 1 100 Admin Office + Staff 200 x 2 400 Meeting + Conference 100 x 4 400 Lounge + Toilet 500 x 1 500 Reception + Waiting 100 x 1 100
3
3
Zone 4 The circulation area between the stadium and the perimeter fence
4
Zone 5 The open space outside the perimeter
4 Area
DESIGN PROPOSAL
