(eBook PDF) Introduction to Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics (Cambridge Series in Chemical Engineering) install download
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William M. Deen
Massachusetts
Institute of Technology
University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom
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© W. Deen 2016
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First published 2016
Printed in the United States of America by Sheridan Books, Inc.
A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-107-12377-9 Hardback
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Example 1.4-1 Speed of water waves
Example 1.4-2 Shear stress in pipe flow
Example 1.4-3 Energy of an atomic blast
Dynamic similarity
1.5 Conclusion
References
Problems
1.1 Falling body
1.2 Pendulum
1.3 Salad dressing
1.4 Heat transfer coefficient
1.5 Oscillating drops
1.6 Dip coating
1.7 Breakup of liquid jets
1.8 Valve scale-up
1.9 Ship scale-up
1.10 Power input in a stirred tank
1.11 Underwater swimming
2 Pipe flow
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Shear stress
Fundamental quantities
Friction factor
2.3 Pressure drop and dynamic pressure
Friction factor and pressure drop
Circuit analogy
Example 2.3-1 Pressure drop for water in process pipes
Example 2.3-2 Pressure drop in an oil pipeline
Example 2.3-3 Flow rate in an oil pipeline
Example 2.3-4 Capillary viscometer
2.4 Noncircular cross-sections
Turbulent flow
Laminar flow
Example 2.4-1 Pressure drop for air in a triangular duct
Example 2.4-2 Material efficiency of square and circular ducts
2.5 Wall roughness
Example 2.5-1 Effect of roughness on water flow in a process pipe
Example 2.5-2 Practical smoothness
2.6 Conclusion
References
Problems
2.1 Cavitation
2.2 Bottling honey
2.3 Filling a boiler
2.4 Syringe pump
2.5 Flue gases
2.6 Hydraulic fracturing
2.7 Drag reduction
2.8 Economic pipe diameter
2.9 Microfluidic device
2.10 Murray's law
2.11 Open-channel flow
Example 4.2-1 Manometer
Example 4.2-2 Layered fluids
Additional note: Pascal's law
4.3 Pressure forces
Stress and force vectors
Boundaries
Example 4.3-1 Rectangular tank
Example 4.3-2 Inclined planar surface
Projected areas
Immersed objects at constant pressure
Buoyancy
Example 4.3-3 Buoyancy of a sphere
4.4 Surface tension
Tensile forces and contact lines
Example 4.4-1 Young–Laplace equation
Example 4.4-2 Capillary rise
Interfaces with variable curvature
4.5 Conclusion
References
Problems
4.1 Manometry for liquid pipe flow
4.2 Hydraulic lift
4.3 Static pressure variations in air
4.4 Force on Hoover Dam
4.5 Floating cup
4.6 Sedimentation in a sucrose gradient
4.7 Half-submerged cylinder
4.8 Buoyancy of a cone
4.9 Formation of small bubbles
4.10 Capillary adhesion
4.11 Capillary flotation
4.12 Plateau–Rayleigh instability
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Continuity
Example 5.2-1 Unknown velocity component
Example 5.2-2 Expansion of the Universe
Example 5.2-3 Filtration in a hollow fiber
5.3 Rates of change for moving observers
Example 5.3-1 Temperature changes sensed by a weather balloon
5.4 Rate of strain
Example 5.4-1 Rate of strain in simple shear flow
Example 5.4-2 Rate of strain in pure dilatation
5.5 Vorticity
Definition
Irrotational flow
5.6 Stream function
Definitions
Streamlines and streaklines
Example 5.6-1 Streamlines from the stream function
Trajectories
Example 5.6-2 Streamlines from trajectories
5.7 Conclusion
References
7.3 Moving surfaces
Example 7.3-1 Plane Couette flow
Example 7.3-2 Rotating rod
Example 7.3-3 Plate suddenly set in motion
7.4 Free surfaces
Example 7.4-1 Falling film on a vertical wall
Example 7.4-2 Surface of a stirred liquid
7.5 Non-Newtonian fluids
Example 7.5-1 Poiseuille flow of a power-law fluid
Example 7.5-2 Plane Couette flow of generalized Newtonian fluids
7.6 Symmetry conditions
Cylindrical symmetry
Reflective symmetry
7.7 Conclusion
References
Problems
7.1 Couette viscometer
7.2 Annular conduit
7.3 Triangular conduit
7.4 Elliptical conduit
7.5 Slip in tube flow
7.6 Darcy permeability of a fibrous material
7.7 Surface of a liquid in rigid-body rotation
7.8 Layered liquids on an inclined surface
7.9 Liquid film outside a vertical tube
7.10 Film on an upward-moving surface
7.11 Slot coating
7.12 Flow in a cavity
7.13 Falling-cylinder viscometer
7.14 Bubble rising in a tube
7.15 Paint film
7.16 Temperature-dependent viscosity
7.17 Blood rheology
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Lubrication approximation
Example 8.2-1 Tapered channel
Example 8.2-2 Permeable tube
Example 8.2-3 Slider bearing
8.3 Creeping flow
Stokes’ equation
Example 8.3-1 Flow between porous and solid disks
Example 8.3-2 Flow past a sphere
Example 8.3-3 Stokes’ law
Porous media
8.4 Pseudosteady flow
Example 8.4-1 Parallel-plate channel with a decaying pressure drop
Example 8.4-2 Squeeze flow
8.5 Anticipating approximations
Order-of-magnitude estimation
Example 8.5-1 Order-of-magnitude analysis for a tapered channel
Example 8.5-2 Order-of-magnitude analysis for Stokes
Flush’d with success, Beyond all hope or guess, His new dead robbery upon his back, Bunce plotted—such high flights ambition takes,— To treat the Faculty like ducks and drakes, And sell them all ere they could utter “Quack!” But fate opposed. According to the schools, When men become insufferably bad, The gods confer to drive them mad; March hairs upon the heads of April fools! Tempted by the old demon avaricious, Bunce traded on too far into the morning; Till nods, and winks, and looks, and signs suspicious, Ev’n words malicious, Forced on him rather an unpleasant warning. Glad was he to perceive, beside a wicket, A porter, ornamented with a ticket, Who did not seem to be at all too busy— “Here, my good man, Just show me, if you can, A doctor’s—if you want to earn a tizzy!”
Away the porter marches,
And with grave face, obsequious precedes him, Down crooked lanes, round corners, under arches; At last, up an old-fashion’d staircase leads him, Almost impervious to the morning ray, Then shows a door—“There, that’s a doctor’s reckon’d, A rare Top-Sawyer, let who will come second— Good day.”
“I’m right,” thought Bunce, “as any trivet; Another venture—and then up I give it!”
He rings—the door, just like a fairy portal, Opens untouch’d by mortal—— He gropes his way into a dingy room, And hears a voice come growling through the gloom,
“Well—eh?—Who? What?—Speak out at once!”
“I will,” says Bunce.
“I’ve got a sort of article to sell; Medical gemmen knows me very well—”
But think Imagination how it shock’d her To hear the voice roar out, “Death! Devil! d—n! Confound the vagabond, he thinks I am A rhubarb-and-magnesia Doctor!”
“No Doctor!” exclaim’d Bunce, and dropp’d his jaw, But louder still the voice began to bellow, “Yes,—yes,—odd zounds!—I am a Doctor, fellow, At law!”
The word sufficed.—Of things Bunce feared the most (Next to a ghost) Was law,—or any of the legal corps,— He dropp’d at once his load of flesh and bone, And, caring for no body, save his own, Bolted,—and lived securely till fourscore, From never troubling Doctors any more!
With pure heart newly stamp’d from Nature’s mint—
(Where did he learn that squint?)
Thou young domestic dove!
(He’ll have that jug off, with another shove!)
Dear nurseling of the hymeneal nest!
(Are those torn clothes his best?)
Little epitome of man!
(He’ll climb upon the table, that’s his plan!)
Touched with the beauteous tints of dawning life— (He’s got a knife!)
Thou enviable being!
No storms, no clouds, in thy blue sky foreseeing, Play on, play on,
My elfin John!
Toss the light ball—bestride the stick—
(I knew so many cakes would make him sick!)
With fancies, buoyant as the thistle-down, Prompting the face grotesque, and antic brisk, With many a lamb-like frisk, (He’s got the scissors, snipping at your gown!)
Thou pretty opening rose!
(Go to your mother, child, and wipe your nose!)
Balmy and breathing music like the South, (He really brings my heart into my mouth!)
Fresh as the morn, and brilliant as its star,—
(I wish that window had an iron bar!)
Bold as the hawk, yet gentle as the dove, (I tell you what, my love, I cannot write unless he’s sent above!)
“Lullaby, oh, lullaby!”
Thus I heard a father cry, “Lullaby, oh, lullaby! The brat will never shut an eye; Hither come, some power divine! Close his lids or open mine!”
“Lullaby, oh, lullaby!” What the devil makes him cry? “Lullaby, oh, lullaby!” Still he stares—I wonder why? Why are not the sons of earth Blind, like puppies, from the birth?
“Lullaby, oh, lullaby!” Thus I heard the father cry; “Lullaby, oh, lullaby! Mary, you must come and try!— Hush, oh, hush, for mercy’s sake— The more I sing, the more you wake!”
“Lullaby, oh, lullaby! Fie, you little creature, fie; Lullaby, oh, lullaby! Is no poppy-syrup nigh? Give him some, or give him all, I am nodding to his fall!”
“Lullaby, oh, lullaby! Two such nights, and I shall die! Lullaby, oh, lullaby!
He’ll be bruised, and so shall I,— How can I from bedposts keep, When I’m walking in my sleep?”
“Lullaby, oh, lullaby! Sleep his very looks deny— L ll b h l ll b !
OME, all conflagrating fellows, Let us have a glorious rig:
Sing old Rose, and burn the bellows!
Burn me, but I’ll burn my wig!
Christmas time is all before us:
Burn all puddings, north and south.
Burn the Turkey—Burn the Devil!
Burn snap-dragon! burn your mouth!
Burn the coals! they’re up at sixty!
Burn Burn’s Justice—burn Old Coke.
Burn the chestnuts! Burn the shovel!
Burn a fire, and burn the smoke!
Burn burnt almonds. Burn burnt brandy. Let all burnings have a turn.
Burn Chabert, the Salamander,—
Burn the man that wouldn’t burn!
Burn the old year out, don’t ring it;
Burn the one that must begin.
Burn Lang Syne; and, whilst you’re burning, Burn the burn he paidled in.
Burn the boxing! Burn the Beadle!
Burn the baker! Burn his man!
Burn the butcher—Burn the dustman,
Burn the sweeper, if you can!
Burn the Postman! burn the postage,
Burn the knocker—burn the bell!
Burn the folks that come for money!
Burn the bills—and burn ’em well.
Burn the Parish! Burn the rating!
Burn all taxes in a mass.
Burn the Paving! Burn the lightning!
Burn the Paving! Burn the lightning!
Burn the burners! Burn the gas!
Burn all candles, white or yellow—
Burn for war, and not for peace;
Burn the Czar of all the Tallow!
Burn the King of all the Greece!
Burn all canters—burn in Smithfield.
Burn Tea-Total hum and bug.
Burn his kettle, burn his water,
Burn his muffin, burn his mug!
Burn the breeks of meddling vicars, Picking holes in Anna’s Urns!
Burn all Steers’s Opodeldoc, Just for being good for burns.
Burn all Swindlers! Burn Asphaltum!
Burn the money-lenders down—
Burn all schemes that burn one’s fingers!
Burn the Cheapest House in town!
Burn all bores and boring topics; Burn Brunel—aye, in his hole!
Burn all subjects that are Irish!
Burn the niggers black as coal!
Burn all Boz’s imitators!
Burn all tales without a head!
Burn a candle near the curtain!
Burn your Burns, and burn your bed!
Burn all wrongs that won’t be righted, Poor poor Soup, and Spanish claims—
Burn that Bell, and burn his Vixen!
Burn all sorts of burning shames!
Burn the Whigs! and burn the Tories!
B ll i d ll!
Burn all parties, great and small!
Burn that everlasting Poynder—
Burn his Suttees once for all!
Burn the fop that burns tobacco.
Burn a Critic that condemns.—
Burn Lucifer and all his matches!
Burn the fool that burns the Thames!
Burn all burning agitators—
Burn all torch-parading elves!
And oh! burn Parson Stephen’s speeches, If they haven’t burnt themselves.
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