Boundary of Transition (Extract - Part III)

Boundary of Transition, the evolving urban transformation programme Topological (eqv.) Methodology for Architectural Boundary Making : Civic Boundary as Liberating Garrison

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration

Civic Boundary as Liberating Garrison - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture With the exploration and preliminary projection of design systems and concepts from pilot tests, potential ideas and suitable strategies were bring into the further development of the final scheme. The main focus of the final design was concentrated on challenging the existing boundary condition, which means how to constitute an topological boundary for different users and programmes from two distinctive sides to a single face, in an integrated approach with previous knowledge.

While the presentation of this project was structured on crossing of five dimensions, which is one of the topological qualities showing the ability of conceptual transition and formal transformation from the derivation of parti diagram, thus every part of the project was connecting to each other and inter-transforming within the dimensions.

Apart from five core dimensions on concept (1st), planning (2nd), system (3rd), experience (4th) and use (5th), contextual research was made in front as project design background in dimension 0. Additional illustration on a universal system for crossing-project adaptation was made after dimension 5, as a focus study of the thesis project.

Chapter 4

4-16

Final Scheme - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Boundary of Transition , the evolving urban transformation programme Civic Boundary as Liberating Garrison : Topological (eqv.) Methodology for Architectural Boundary Making

TOMMY LI Chong Yan

JUNE 2014

Keywords : single interface . cross-dimensionality . continuity . connectivity

Departure Point of Thesis : BOUNDARY This thesis begins with the questioning of BOUNDARY. Beyond the physical boundary we experience with, we touch and live in; invisible boundary gives control and differentiation to our daily life. In human civilization, the desire of human control to the environment originates Architecture. The transferring of natural setting into a controlled space creates the building.

Along our history, there are many sorts of boundaries discovered and developed in various disciplines and cultures.

The discipline of boundary is complex as a web that each single move of aspect not just affecting the object alone but also interacting with each other. Between tangible boundary and intangible boundary, there is simple example showing how the of physical form is changing by the intangible force. The shape of water-drop under gravitation Departure Point Thesis : BOUNDARY force demonstrates the relationship of boundaries. The limit of form exists under the limit of unseen rules. While this order iswith one the of the overwhelming boundaries for all substances.

Thisnatural thesis begins questioning of BOUNDARY. Beyond the physical boundary we experience with, we touch and liveofin; invisibleisboundary control and differentiation to ourIndaily life. In human civilization, The existence boundary under the gives relativity definition in certain domains. the classification ofsetting boundaries, the desire of human control under to the different environment originates Architecture. transferring of natural into a we can categorize boundary realms.

When considering as The natural order, boundary exists as gravity controlled space When creates the building. in our universe. considering as ruling system, law presents as the controlling tool for administration.

Along our history, there many sorts of boundaries discovered and developed various disciplines and cultures.

Intangible boundary likeareproxemics exists hidden dimension between everyin living organism.

When religious The discipline boundary is complex asof a as web that each single move of aspect not justseen affecting the object alone and races are of counted the symbols boundary, cultural differences could be both externally and but also interacting withaseach other.

Between tangible boundary and intangible boundary, there is simple example psychologically. showing how the physical form is changing by the intangible force. The shape of water-drop under gravitation force demonstrates the relationship of it boundaries.

The limitthat of form exists under limit of unseen rules. While In the search of nature of the boundary, couldboundaries be depicted boundary exist asthe a spherical mesh which every this natural of overwhelming for all substances. point of theorder meshisisone dragging others.

No matter the boundaries exist as tangible for or intangible form, they are inevitable for of theboundary existenceisinunder human world. In architectural point of In view, isofthe artificial The existence the being’s relativity in Human certain domains. the Architecture classification boundaries, form ofcategorize intangible boundaries, implying the realms. desiredefinition ofWhen control. dwelling one of the cases and prison is an we can boundary different considering as naturalisoforder, boundary as gravity extreme one manifesting theunder overwhelmed confinement.

The physical crafting boundary couldexists be seen as the in our universe.

When considering ruling system, lawproduct presents the controlling tool for administration. constructing of building, space was as then created as the ofasarchitectural making.

Until digital age, diagrammatic models of topology could be visualized and easily transformed under parametrical controls. Several projects were built according to the ideal and formal translation from mathematical topology.

From the Mobius House by UN Studio and Klein Bottle House by Mcbride Charles Ryan, they applied the nonorientable surfaces as the prototypes for the primary shaping of architectural living space.

Government & Legco

Government Civil Law System (China) & Legco Garrison 2sys?

(PLA)

Government & Legco

Context Agenda Programme Agenda

TOMMY LI Chong Yan

Tamar Park Car Park Chief Executive's Office

Upper Promenade Programme Platforms

City Hall

2n

Lower Promenade Programme Platforms Basement & Pier

Lower Promenade

Basement & Pier

Dormitory

Research Office Institute

3n

- Harb

65 M

Forum

Match Hall

Military Path

Entrance to Connaught Road Highway

Public Road Match Hall

Extended Promenade

Public Road

2n Research Institution Cluster

Research Archive

Path Mil

Sports & Assembling Cluster Research Institution Cluster

Training & Supply Cluster

military entrance from Connaught Road highway extension of 3-dimensional promenade

Living Tower

Podium Clusters

Basement

Podium Clusters

BUILDING SYSTEMS BY ISOMETRIC 1:250 & 4000

Office Tower

MANUAL VARIABLES BY PERSPECTIVE COLLAGE

EXPERIENCE BY ISOMETRIC COLLAGE 1:500

Public Deck

Promenade Deck / Military Pier Living Tower

Civic-Military Zone Military Zone

Promenade Deck / Military Pier

Garrison Dorm

Forum

Museum

Match Hall

Public Deck

Civic-Military Zone

Dock

2D Hex-Mesh

Reservoir

Archive

Civic Zone

civic entrance from City Hall

2D Hex-Mesh

Dock

Planning Transition

Envelope

Towers

Envelope

Towers

MANUAL VARIABLES BY PERSPECTIVE COLLAGE

Transformable Membrane

Training Camp Leisure Cluster Catering Facilities

Training Cluster

Leisure Cluster

Training Cluster

Movement Transition

Research Cluster

Planning Transition

Transformable Membrane

Reservoir

Public Promenade / Military Dock

Open Living Unit / Cell

Connecting Steps / Environmental Skin

Mechanical Transition Parti Diagram of The New Garrison

Urban Militia as Garrison

3-way Scissors Staircase

Museum

Match Hall Catering Facilities Archive

Civic Zone

3-way Scissors Staircase

Training Camp

Institution Forum

CONTINUITY BOUNDARY

EXPERIENCE BY ISOMETRIC COLLAGE 1:500

0n

5n TRANSITION & TRANSFORMATION

INFINITY BOUNDARY

Military Zone

Institution Research Cluster Basement

4n

Garrison Office

civic entrance from City Hall

extension of 3-dimensional promenade

itary

ONE GARRISON - TWO SYSTEMS Garrison Dorm

Office Tower

Sports & Assembling Cluster

3n

Garrison Office

Archive

Connaught MASTER PLANNING STRATEGIES BY PLAN Road 1:1000 & SECTION 1:500 highway

Parti Diagram of The New Garrison

BUILDING SYSTEMS BY ISOMETRIC 1:250 & 4000

our

iralty

itary

Open Ground

Training Facilities

military CONTINUING CIVICentrance PROMENADE from

Training & Supply Cluster

ONE GARRISON Urban Militia-as TWO Garrison SYSTEMS

Mil

Archive

Tidal Training Pool

Concept Transition

Movement Transition

Public Promenade / Military Dock

Open Living Unit / Cell

Mechanical Transition

Boundary Transition Connecting Steps / Environmental Skin

Boundary Transition

RESEARCH FINDINGS

1

The Dockyard & HMS Tamar . 1946 - 1959

Adm

Path North

Training Facilities

Military Museum

Sports Facility & Reservoir

5n TRANSITION & TRANSFORMATION Concept Transition

1905

- Harb Open Ground Forum

our

iralty

Site Institute

Promenade Desk

Military Path

Adm

North Dormitory

Military Museum Extended 40 MPromenade

Sports Facility & Reservoir

EXTENDED CIVIC PROMENADE

4n Walled City as Fortification

Site

Entrance to Connaught Road Highway

Promenade Desk

40 M

Promenade

Walled City as Fortification

Urban Topography

100M Resources Desk

65 M

MASTER PLANNING STRATEGIES BY PLAN 1:1000 & SECTION 1:500

Programme Agenda

Urban Topography

100M Resources Desk Research Office

Tidal Training Pool

City Hall

Garrison

Vertical Cores

Hong Kong City Hall

City Gallery

Government INTERFACE GARRISON 1n THE SINGLE Promenade & Legco

Promenade

Hall

Vertical Cores

Hong Kong City Hall

City Gallery

Lung Wo Road

Central and Western District Promenade

Research Archive

(China)

Hall

Upper Promenade

Central and Western District Promenade

CONCEPT BY THESIS STATEMENT

Garrison

The Hong Kong Club Building

Connaught Road

APRIL 2014

Garrison Civil Law System

Hall

Promenade

- City

Towers

(Hong Kong)

(Hong Kong)

Agenda

- City

Car Park Chief Executive's Office

Lung Wo Road

Common Law System

2sys?

Common

(PLA) City Law System Context Topological as Alternative Boundary Making Process : Liberating Boundary for Liberation Garrison Agenda(eqv.) Methodology City Hall

ade

Towers

(China)

Boundary of Transition , the evolving urban transformation programme System

ade

Energy Resources The Hong Kong Club Building

AIA Central

Topological-eqv.

Boundary Relationship Civil Law System

(PLA)

Promen

Military Use

Chater Garden AIA Central

Hutchison Building

- Tamar

(PLA)

(Hong Kong)

Promen

Energy Resources Extended Promenade Common Ground

Hutchison Building Bank of America Tower

Connaught Road

Hall

2sys?

Common Law System

Conventional Boundary Relationship 2sys?

Military Use Chater Garden

Bank of America Tower

Admiralty Station Far East Finance Centre

City

System Agenda

Common Ground

Far East Finance Centre

50M

Legislative Council Tamar Park Complex

- Tamar

city. The phenomenon of transparency of the building in the city was being illustrated in Poerre Julus Hetzel’s Le n a reversible surface. The social diable a Paris. The interior was opened out into an exterior and the building1like The presentationGARRISON of this project is structured on dimensional crossing which is one of the topological quality Common THE SINGLE INTERFACE life inside a building was revealed as public. This imagination between the building and street, house and corridor, Law System showing the ability of conceptual transition and formal transformation from the derivation of parti diagram. became the envelope of a phantasmagoriaCivil and Law the System support of a semi-awake collective dream.

CONCEPT BY(Hong THESIS STATEMENT Kong) (China)

Extended Promenade

Admiralty Station

50M

North

Central Government Office

Hall

Intangible boundaryon likethe proxemics as hidden dimension between organism. religious In the questioning limit of exists boundary, definition is the key to every judge.living Depending on When the detail and and races are the symbols of boundary, cultural differences be seen perspective of counted judging, aasclear-cutting boundary should either exist or not could relatively.

This both is alsoexternally a functionand of psychologically. boundary, to show the extremes of 2 interfaces. However, with infinite time and space, boundary would normally fadethe outsearch from of eternity asofexperience.

Init contrast space,that boundary results control and limit,mesh givingwhich protection In nature boundary, could bewith depicted boundary exist as boundaries. a spherical every and confinement human inothers. architecture, where space allows movement within It can be depicted point of thethat meshtoisnature dragging Nogrant matter the boundaries exist isastotangible for or intangible form, they are from above ofinspace is to boundary termination and end. inevitable for thetheexistence human being’s freedom world. Inand architectural pointassign of view, Architecture is the artificial form boundaries, implying the desirequestions of control.onHuman dwelling is one ofare theprovoked. cases and prison is an With of theintangible presence of separation from boundary, the crossing experience crossing extreme one manifesting the overwhelmed confinement.

The physical crafting of boundary couldThe be By seen as the a boundary, anbuilding, object would change to another environment, which achieves transition. process of constructing of was thenself created as thetheproduct of architectural transition, that is crossingspace of a threshold, might lead changing or growing ofmaking. an object itself, while the process of the is theontransformation of object. Itdefinition is noticeable during the crossing, the tangible object would In thechanging questioning thebut limit of boundary, isbethat the key to judge.

Depending on the detail and change as undefined form intangible boundary would clearly and seen.

Within transition, perspective of instability judging, a clear-cutting boundary should either existthe ordefined not relatively.

This is alsothe a function of substancestoof and uncertainty become the buffer for transformation of object.

Those buffer boundary, showbethe extremes of 2 interfaces.

However, with infinite time andsubstantial space, boundary would normally substances could literally translated ascontrast challenges procedures, or events performance.

With the fade out asthe experience.

Into withorspace, boundary resultsin control limit, giving protection space andfrom timeeternity allowing transition be happened, whole experience could be and described a movement of and confinement to human in architecture, where spacetheallows movement within boundaries.

Itascan be depicted transformation. from above that the nature of space is to grant freedom and boundary is to assign termination and end.

In terms measuring tangiblefrom boundary, which could on existtheascrossing an edge,experience a surface,areorprovoked. volume in With the of presence of separation boundary, questions Bydifferent crossing dimensions, companion ofchange interfaces theenvironment, differences on sides of boundary.

In our conventional aunderstanding boundary, the anofobject wouldin self describes to another which transition.

The process boundary three dimensions (Euclidean), inorand out isachieves common definition forofa transition, that is crossing of threshold, might the changing growing ofone an the object itself,bewhile the divided process standing boundary.

With thea characteristics of lead interfaces, heterogeneous environment could clearly of isofthe transformation of object. is noticeable thatthat during crossing, should the tangible object would by the thechanging drawing Euclidean It is It almost no doubt all the boundaries have least two change as that undefined form but boundary. intangible boundary would be discovery clearly defined and seen.

Within theattransition, interfaces gives definitions in our existing worldthe until the of Topology.

With the continuous and substances of instability and uncertainty become buffer for the transformation object.

Those single interface, Topology introduces alternative of understanding andsubstantial definingofboundary

by With its buffer crosssubstances could be literally translated an as challenges orway procedures, or events in performance. the dimensional ability.

In the concept to experience architecture, it would either be aa singularity to space and modern time allowing theapplication transitionbecause toofbetopological happened, the whole could beindescribed movement of the entire built environment of its distinct perception of dimension boundaryasand space, or an transformation. unresolved paradox.

In terms of measuring tangible boundary, which could exist as an edge, a surface, or volume in different dimensions, the Architectural companion of interfaces: describes the differences on sides of boundary. In our conventional Position within TOPOLOGY (or eqv.) understanding of boundary inDiscourse three dimensions (Euclidean), in and out is one the common definition for a standing boundary.asWith the characteristics of interfaces, heterogeneous environment could be clearly divided Before considering a mathematical study,ItTopology was from a famous problem by thebridges) drawingwhich of Euclidean boundary. is almost noconceptually doubt that born all boundaries should have (Konigsberg’s at least two seven posted by Leonhard Euler in 1735.

A new geometry of position was established to devise interfaces thatpath givesthat definitions in ourofexisting world seven until the discovery Topology. the continuous and asingle continuous crossing each Konigsberg’s to theofisland in theWith city center exactly once. interface, Topology introduces alternative of bridges understanding and metrical defining boundary

by Cartesian its crossThis topological solution essentially an distinct from way the traditional understood Euclidean or dimensional ability.

In theisapplication of topological concept to architecture, it would either be a singularity to geometry. the entire modern built environment because of its distinct perception of dimension in boundary and space, or an unresolved paradox. could be traced back to the Greek concept of topos: the place, the space and everything The name Topology in it. Until 1985, the official birth of Topology as a new sector of mathematics was from the book named Analysis Situs, publishedDiscourse by a French mathematician Henri Poincare. He defined topology as the science Position withinwhich Architectural : TOPOLOGY (orfigures eqv.) in that understanding the qualitative properties of geometric extraordinary space with more than three dimensions.

The deformation disregarding to the metric projectiveborn properties such as problem form and(Konigsberg’s dimensions Before considering as a mathematical study, Topology wasofand conceptually from a famous were then to bewhich explored whilebythe qualitative properties object maintained. seven bridges) posted Leonhard Euler in 1735.

A new were geometry of position was established to devise a“Consider continuous pathnot that crossing each of Konigsberg’s sevenwhich bridges the islandvanishes” in the city center exactly once. surfaces as boundaries of bodies, but from as bodies oneto dimension This topological solution is essentially distinct the oftraditional understood metricalCarl Euclidean or Cartesian Friedrich Gauss geometry.

1827 The name Topology could could be traced back tointo the Greek concept of topos: place, theBridges space and everything In it.

Mathematics, be divided several aspects.

From the the above Seven as named Graph in 1985,Topology the official birth of Topology asa straight a new sector of mathematics was from thecase book TheoryUntil toSitus, non-Euclidean Geometry suggests line between two thattopology has infinite extension Analysis which published by awhich French mathematician Henri Poincare.

Hepoints defined as the science on a understanding circle, Topological Transformation of one to another allowed without cutting or splicing.

There is main agendas for the transition of PLA Garrison: that theare qualitative properties ofobject geometric figuresis in extraordinary space with more than three saying that Topologists not disregarding able to distinguish cup orand doughnut.

This is becausesuch of the physical dimensions.

The to deformation the ametric as form andtransforming dimensions Architectural Design Demonstration : LIBERATING BOUNDARY abilitythen regardless the distance andqualitative volumetowhich leads of to object theprojective concept ofproperties Homology. were to be explored while the properties were maintained.

1 Single Interface - Two Systems FOR In physicalsurfaces representation, knots and non-orientable surfaces areone easier showcases for understanding. In Knots With the consistance of legal system of Hong Kong from handover, the garrison has to follow the common “Consider as boundaries of bodies, as bodies of which dimension vanishes” LIBERATIONthe GARRISON Theory, a knot is not a topological embedding ofbut a circle in three-dimensional space, yet it isCarl always represented as a two dimensional diagram in which the crossing joint are specifically drawn. It is necessary forFriedrich immersionGauss when law system in Hong Kong as well as the principles from civil law from mainland China. Instead of the current 1827 reading a topological representation, as a topological diagram generally embedded in multi-dimension and is design with a standing wall cutting off the garrison from the environment, topological methodology could be Confined as a walled city in a city, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Hong Kong Garrison, former HMS meaningless in a Topology single-dimensional projection. as MobiusFrom Strip,the anabove example of non-orientable In Mathematics, could intoSimilar several Seven case as surface Graph applied as an alternative tool for allowing both systems to co-exist parallelly between a boundary. with one surface and be onedivided discontinuous edge.aspects.

The further transformation ofBridges Mobius strip creates Tamar in Admiralty is taken as the experimental case of realizing the boundary transformation. There are 3 Theory to continuous non-Euclidean Geometry suggests a straight line between two points that has infinite extension remarkable like Klein Surface,which Boy’s Surface and Surface. on a circle, surfaces Topological Transformation of one object toMorin another is allowed without cutting or splicing. There is main agendas for the transition of PLA Garrison: saying that are not able distinguish cup doughnut.

This is because of the transforming “That’s whatTopologists I feel,toan outside and antoinside and me ain theor middle, perhaps that’s what I am, thephysical thing that divides the 2 Civil Boundary abilityinregardless the and volume to thethat concept world two, on the onedistance side the outside, on thewhich other leads the inside, can beofasHomology. thin as foil, I’m neither one side nor the 1 Locating a prominent siteSystems in Admiralty in between the City Hall, Legco, Government Office and Promenade, SingleatInterface - Two other, I’m in representation, the middle, I’m in the partition, I’ve two surfaces and no In physical knots and Samuel non-orientable surfaces arethickness...” easier for understanding.

In Knots the isolation of the existing theKong connectivity adjacent civil facilities.has With the raising demand The Unnamable, in showcases The Beckket Molloy, Malone Dies the consistance of legalgarrison system breaks of Hong from theofhandover, the garrison to follow the common Theory, a knot is a topological embedding of aBeckett, circle in three-dimensional space, yet Trilogy: it is always represented as a With of qualitative ground the garrison transformation in order law system in public Hong Kong as from well associety, the principles from should civil lawready fromfor mainland China. Instead of to theresponse current two dimensional diagram in which the crossing eras, joint topological are specifically drawn.

It is necessary for immersion when Before mathematical and computational concepts in architecture could be traced back to the emerging needs. of garrison essential for the security purpose, the transition readingarriving a topological representation, as aover topological diagram embedded in England multi-dimension and is design with a social standing wallWhile cuttingthe offexistance the garrison from theis environment, topological methodology could be Roman age.

The pattern scattered theSimilar territory thegenerally Roman from to Northsurface Africa meaningless in a mosaic single-dimensional projection. as of Mobius Strip, Empire an example of non-orientable of boundary would occupy necessary facilities but at the same between time achieving stronger contextual could be generalized 25 distinct topological maze types. as an alternative tool for allowingmilitary both systems to co-exist parallelly a boundary. with one continuousinto surface and one discontinuous edge. The further transformation of Mobius strip creates applied remarkable like Klein Surface, Boy’s Surface and Morin Surface.

Jumping tosurfaces 1960’s France, Nicolas Schoffer sets topology as manifestoes in five aspects related to architecture connectivity and engagement to neighbouring civil programmes. with hiswhat Spatiodynamic Tower in an Liege: time, climate and space.

At the samethetime, there were series “That’s I feel, models an outside and inside andlight, me insound, the middle, perhaps that’s what I am, thingso that divides the 2 Civil Boundary of experimenting on architecture and urban networks done by French architects.

Later called Spatial 3 Liberating Fortification world in two, on the one side outside, on the other the inside, can be as the thindistance as foil, I’m neitherorone nor the City, by using as in athe mediating figure structure thatthat established between theside syntax of Locating at a prominent site in Admiralty in between the City Hall, Legco, Government Office and Promenade, other, I’melements, in thetopology middle, I’m the partition, I’ve or two surfaces and no thickness...”

Reviewing martial history,garrison the contemporary mode of warfare would no rely on heavy but various architects, artists and urbanists found it was an ideal way to express diversity and change within the isolationofof the existing breaks the connectivity of adjacent civillonger facilities.

With the fortification raising demand a rational and regular infrastructure. Samuel Beckett, The Unnamable, in The Beckket Trilogy: Molloy, Malone Dies of thequalitative alliance with urban militiafrom to form the the national integrity as ready the major defending force.inWith public ground society, garrison should for transformation orderthe to changing response Beforecity arriving mathematical and computational eras, topological concepts incan architecture could beoftraced back to the rolesemerging of garrison fromneeds. war defence to sovereignty defensiveforprogrammes historical “The is only apparently homogeneous...Nowhere, unless perhaps in dreams, thefrom phenomenon the boundary social While the existance ofmaintenance, garrison is essential the securityinherited purpose,from the transition Roman age.

The pattern scattered over territory of the England to that, North Africa barracks be experienced in mosaic a more originary way than in the cities.

To know themRoman means Empire to understand those lines running would soon occupy be retired.

Active military population wouldbut be welcomed and hence requiring an open garrison boundary would necessary facilities at the same time achieving stronger contextual could be generalized into 25 distinct topological maze types. alongside railroad across privately owned lots, within the park and along the riverbank, function as limits...As threshold, of to achieve. Asand theengagement underlying to mission described byprogrammes.

PLA: "to be the window of the country", the new garrison connectivity neighbouring civil the boundary stretches across street.”

Jumping to 1960’s France, Nicolas Schoffer sets topology as manifestoes in five aspects related to architecture Benjamin with his Spatiodynamic Tower in Liege: time, light, sound, climate and space. At the same time, Walter there were series would take opportunity to build the common platform for demonstrating their excellence to Hong Kong citizens. of experimenting models oncityscape architecture and urban networks done by public Frenchand architects.

Later so called 3 Liberating Fortification There were imaginations composed vague,that undefined private boundaries assyntax a Spatial dream City, by using topologyofasof a mediating figure orwith structure established the distance or theHetzel’s of city.

The phenomenon transparency the building init the city was being inbetween Poerre Julus Le Reviewing of martial history, the contemporary mode of warfare would no longer rely on heavy fortification but various artists and of urbanists wasand an ideal way toillustrated express diversity and change diable aelements, Paris. regular Thearchitects, interior was opened out into found an exterior the building like a reversible surface.

Thewithin social The presentation of this project is structured on dimensional crossing which is one of the topological quality alife rational infrastructure. inside and a building was revealed as public. This imagination between the building and street, house and corridor, the alliance with urban militia to form the national integrity as the major defending force. With the changing showing the ability of conceptual transition and formal transformation from the derivation of parti diagram. became envelope of a phantasmagoria and the support of a semi-awake collective “The citythe is only apparently homogeneous...Nowhere, unless perhaps in dreams, can the dream. phenomenon of the boundary roles of garrison from war defence to sovereignty maintenance, defensive programmes inherited from historical be experienced in a more originary way than in cities. To know them means to understand those lines that, running barracks would soon be retired. Active population would be welcomed and hence requiring an open garrison alongside railroad across privately owned lots, within the park and along the riverbank, function as limits...As threshold, to achieve. As the underlying mission described by PLA: "to be the window of the country", the new garrison the boundary stretches across street.”

Walter Benjamin would take opportunity to build the common platform for demonstrating their excellence to Hong Kong Conventional Boundary Relationship Topological-eqv. Boundary Relationship There were imaginations of cityscape composed with vague, undefined public and private boundaries as a dream citizens.

North

Central Government Office

Legislative Council Complex

City

The embedding of diurnal cycle to the Mobius Strip constituting a continuous path as an infinite living journey, UN Studio incorporated multiple dimensions in the housing design. Yet both cases achieved an open and continuous living volume, the underlying essence of topology has not been realized under the limit of practical environment.

It is obvious that the tangible outcome of building results dominant contrast of exterior and interior.

The in and Keywords : single interface . cross-dimensionality . continuity . connectivity out relationship has not been bridged by architecture and that gives the room for further experiment.

Until digital age, diagrammatic models topology could be visualized easily transformed under parametrical As there are continuous applications ofoftopological form and shape to and architecture in practice, this thesis would controls.

Several were built according to the ideal and translationthe from mathematical topology. attempt searchprojects the architectural making methodology fromformal fundamental principles of From thetoMobius

by UN Studio andwould Klein Bottle House byunderstanding McbrideasCharles Ryan, they applied nontopology.

The wayHouse of the controlling boundary primary surfaces and edges are the the essential orientable surfaces as prototypes therelationship primarybeshaping of investigated, architectural living space. components of topological geometry.forThe between transition and transformation of both object and boundary wouldofbediurnal studied, andtothe mightconstituting evolve a changing programme as well as urban The embedding cycle theoutcome Mobius Strip a continuous path astoanarchitecture infinite living journey, UN scenario.

Studio incorporated multiple dimensions in the housing design. Yet both cases achieved an open and continuous living volume, the underlying essence topology been realized under the limitinof the practical environment.

Besides, it isthat important to state that of the attempthas of not applying Topological process of making It is obvious the tangible outcome of building dominant contrast thinking of exterior and interior.

The in and Architecture is not eliminate the boundary itself results but unite thethe interfaces ourexperiment. conventional dimension out hasto not bridged bywith architecture andtothat gives room forfrom further and relationship hence achieving the been liberty of space the standing of boundary.

As there are continuous applications of topological form and shape to architecture in practice, this thesis would attempt search the Findings architectural making methodologyEDGE from understanding the fundamental principles of ResearchtoProcess TIME CELL topology.

The wayand of controlling: boundary would&beTHE primary investigated, as surfaces and edges are the essential components topologicalofgeometry.

The relationship between transitionconfinement and transformation of both The object and Prior to the of questioning boundary, general background artificial was skimmed. boundary studied, and theisoutcome might a of changing programme as wellfrom as power urban of giving would controlbeby architecture inherent withevolve the history.

Different level to ofarchitecture control systems the scenario. imprisonment in cell to legal system in city, there is almost no one can escape from either tangible or intangible controls. itWhen looking into prison there were debates on rather criminals should be Besides, is important thatarchitecture, the attempt of applying Topological thinking in of thea territory process banished from broader, ortotostate bethe sentences withitself solitary under highest surveillance. which of waymaking is the Architecture is not to eliminate boundary unite interfaces from No our matter conventional dimension most appropriate judgment, architecture has being setbut as to a of tool forthe carrying out intangible controls. and hence achieving the liberty of space with the standing boundary.

Developing in a region exercising unique ruling system, the beginning part of this thesis dissected the development and components of: Hong Kong legal No matter the development adopted amount of legal Research and Findings TIMElaw, CELL & system.

THE EDGE codes fromProcess Qing Dynasty as customary the main structure was borrowed from the common law and rules of equitytofrom Kingdom.

Under ‘One Country, Two Systems’, the Basic Law is valid two fundamental Prior the United questioning of boundary, general background ofThe artificial confinement wasofwith skimmed.

The power facets: legality and by equality, under the P.R.C. National Law. essential common law system of giving control architecture inherent with the history.

Differentcomposition level architectural of control systems from the is by precedent cases, including theisfuture decisions.

In such ecology in Hong imprisonment cell to system inand city,future thereprojects is almost nocircumstances, one canchallenge escapethe from tangible or intangible Kong should beinlooking built uplegal of every passarchitecture, which could andeither structure the building laws, controls. into prison theredoes. were debates on rather criminals of a territory should be instead ofWhen obeying pre-setor rules civil lawwith countries The position mapping ofNo building types andway elements banished from broader, to bethat sentences solitary highest matter which is the with the boundary of legal system was drawn.

Hence, theaunder architecture insurveillance. grey would be debatable and be the most appropriate judgment, has being set tool for carrying outzone intangible controls. evolving programmes for thearchitecture city’s transformation.

At as the meanwhile, the boundary of legal system would transit under the common law spirit.

Developing in a region exercising unique ruling system, the beginning part of this thesis dissected the development andthe components of Hong Kong disciplines legal system.

No matterwere the searched. development adopted amount of legal Continuing with scenario above, extensive of boundary Thecommon etymology ‘boundary’ codes from Qing as customary law, the main structure waswas borrowed from the lawofand of from Chinese andDynasty western culture were‘One compared.

While topology to be isthe potential topic for rules further equity from United Kingdom.

Under Country, Twoand Systems’, thefound Basic Law valid with documented. two fundamental investigation, of making models its ability of transformation The facets: legalitythe andmethod equality, thetopological P.R.C. National Law. essential composition ofwere common law system cross-dimensional quality wasunder alsothe mapped compared withThe conventional Euclidean dimension.

The potential is precedent cases, including future and decisions.

In such circumstances, architectural ecology in Hong forbytopological application in bridging homogeneity inthe complex built-environment was Kong should be previous built up of every pass andheterogeneity future projectsand which could challenge and structure the building laws, suggested the instead of in obeying pre-setreview. rules that civil law countries does. The position mapping of building types and elements with the boundary of legal system was drawn. Hence, theasarchitecture in grey zone wouldfor be debatable and be the Following with pilot teststhe oncity’s experimenting topology an alternative architecture, evolving programmes for transformation.

At the meanwhile, the methodology boundary legal making system would transit topological diagrams transformed into contrary architectural circulation andof programme-layout design under the common lawwere spirit. respectively.

Concentrating on the two dimensional plan, a new living pattern and transiting experience were provoked with the topological partition modules and of transformed layout prototype.

In addition, graphical Continuing with scenariotoabove, extensive disciplines boundary and were searched.

The etymology of ‘boundary’ representation wasthe explored further theWhile idea of transition transformation of topological boundary from Chinese and western culture wereelaborate compared. topology wasmade found be the topic for further with time.

As the the method summery ofmaking mid-term research,models two drawings toto show thepotential continuity, openness and investigation, of topological and its were ability of transformation were documented.

The adaptability of topological space generated its cross-dimensional quality. cross-dimensional quality was also mappedfrom and compared with conventional Euclidean dimension. The potential for topological application in bridging heterogeneity and homogeneity complex built-environment On top ofinthe mid-term research on two-dimensional boundary, mulitpleindimensions were included for was the suggested the review. continuation of previous thesis study.

In order to arrive the final architectural design demonstration, the making of topological boundary in habitable dimension topology is the keyasstep.

Six major architectural elements werearchitecture, tested with Following pilot tests on experimenting an alternative methodology forThus making topoligical with methodologies and they wereinto cross-referenced to produce a living prototype. the final design design topological diagrams transformed contrary architectural circulation and programme-layout would be based on thewere hidden fromdimensional the series ofplan, design parameters echoing each other.

The expected respectively.

Concentrating onlogics the two aadaptability new living which pattern and context transiting were outcome would be an universal system withmodules has the and greatest for different andexperience programme in provoked with the topological partition transformed layout prototype.

In addition, graphical the environment. representation was explored to further elaborate the idea of transition and transformation of topological boundary with time. As the summery of mid-term research, two drawings were made to show the continuity, openness and adaptability of topological space generated from its cross-dimensional quality.

Architectural Design Demonstration : LIBERATING BOUNDARY On top of the mid-term research on two-dimensional boundary, mulitple dimensions were included for the FOR continuation of thesis study. In order to LIBERATION arrive the final GARRISON architectural design demonstration, the making of topological boundary in habitable dimension is the key step. Six major architectural elements were tested with topoligical methodologies and they were cross-referenced to produce a living prototype. Thus the final design would be based on thecity hidden logicsthe from the series of design parameters echoing each other.former The expected Confined as a walled in a city, (PLA)which Hong Kongcontext Garrison, HMS outcome would be an universal system People's with has Liberation the greatest Army adaptability for different and programme in Tamar in Admiralty is taken as the experimental case of realizing the boundary transformation. There are 3 the environment.

Historical Map of Wellington Barracks & H.M.S Tamar, Admiralty

2014 FEB

1946

People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison . Admiralty 2012

1959

2

3

4

5

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 0 : Site Research & Project Background Confined as a walled city, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Hong Kong Garrison, former HMS Tamar in Admiralty was finally selected to be the experimental case for realizing the transformation and transition of architectural boundary.

The programme and site of the garrison are bounded along history since the Hong Kong establishment. As well as the name of the district, Admiralty, is describing the naval port of the colony. The ship and dock had an inseparable relationship until the recent reclamation at harbourfront for the Central-Wan Chai Bypass Construction. Since then, the garrison stuck in the city and became an isolated island. Recently the boundary was even being challenged by outsider as its self-containing policy and system differences.

Even though the boundary effectively defined the military realm from public, the conventional wall provoked controversy between the sides, from the characteristics of two interfaces. The existing garrison wall carried the friction of 2 legal systems, different social roles, power and ownerships which leading to a notable scenario for a new design by alternative way of boundary making. (Ref. X-12)

Chapter 4

4-18

Dimension 0 : Ship and Yard before Barrack & Garrison

Ship & Yard List since colony Year

Name

Ship Types

1841

H.M.S. Sulphur

First Land & Possession

1846

H.M.S. Minden

Hospital Ship , store ship, Receiving Ship

1861

H.M.S. Princess Charlotte

1857-59 as Receiving Ship

1875

H.M.S. Victoria Emmanuel

Receiving Ship

1897-1941

H.M.S. Tamar (1878)

Receiving Ship

Boundary of Transition , the evolving urban transformation programme

Others

Topological (eqv.) Methodology as Alternative Boundary 1878-1880+ H.M.S. MeaneeBoundary Making Process : Liberating Hospital Shipfor Liberation Garrison

H.M.S. Vigilant H.M.S. Audacious1

TOMMY LI Chong Yan

APRIL 2014

Three gunboats n

THE SINGLE INTERFACE GARRISON Flatship of China Squadron CONCEPT BY THESIS STATEMENT

H.M.S. Iron Duke

Relieve Audacious

n

2 EXTENDED CIVIC PROMENADE H.M.S. Thracian 1916 Destroyer in HK Battle MASTER PLANNING STRATEGIES BY PLAN 1:1000 & SECTION 1:500

H.M.S. Cicala

Destroyer in HK Battle

3n

Type Receiving Ship

ONE GARRISON - TWO SYSTEMS BUILDING SYSTEMS BY ISOMETRIC 1:250 & 4000

Function

Activities

4n

Office

CONTINUITY BOUNDARY Administrative Base for Commodore

EXPERIENCE BY ISOMETRIC COLLAGE 1:500

Accomodation Salutes on occations 5n TRANSITION & TRANSFORMATION Court Martials Governor Reception MANUAL VARIABLES BY PERSPECTIVE COLLAGE Sizable Wardroom or Hall Plays and Musical entertainments 0n RESEARCH FINDINGS Catering Facilities

Year

Yard

1858-59

H.M. Victualling Yard

Functions Holding dry goods and foodstuffs

Dockyard

Repair ships 2014 FEB

1905

Historical Map of Wellington Barracks & H.M.S Tamar, Admiralty

1946

1959

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 0 : Duties of Former Barrack

Duties of the British Force in Hong Kong before Handover (Source: Hong Kong Year Book 1996) - Assistance in the maintenance of stability, security and confidence within the territory - Maintenance of the territorial integrity of Hong Kong’s boundaries - Support for Royal Hong Kong Police operations, disaster, and emergency relief - Contributing to regional security - Counter smuggling and illegal immigration - Provision of an ocean-going search and secure capability in the South China Sea, fire-fighting and other tasks Charity activities and involvement in projects concerning the young, the elderly and the disabled, e.g. training for the youth in physical training, assault courses, shooting, map-reading, first aid, hill-walking, canoeing and sailing, etc.

Chapter 4

4-20

Dimension 0 : Former Programmes Previous Programme in Dockyard 1946-1959 Blocks

Workshop

Services

Dock

Leisure

unknown

Commodore & SCL Office Main Office Block (CC,CE,SEE,NSO,EAO,Cashier) Transport Compound Signal Training School

CC Workshops CE Workshops

GM Store NSO Store Return Store Sail Loft MT Garage

Dock Tidal Basin Carnes Traffic Signals Signal Station

Swimming Bath Tennis Court

NDA N.S.O. FAB CO & KHM

Pumping House Coal Pound Power Station – Chimmey Battery Charging Shop Fire Brigade Carpark

Boat House Boat Slip

Film Centre Library Gallery Surgery Police Offices and Quarters 1866 Police QRS Chargemen’s mess Chargemen’s Quarter Previous Programme in HMS Tamar 1946-1959 Gallery Church

Boat Pool HK Flotilla

Ratings Accomodation Mess Hall RFA Office Rodney Block Blake Block Now’s Block Nelson Block Programmes Nearby Prison, Fleet Club, Exposive Magazine, Military Hospital, Berth/Pier, Power Station, Air-raid shelter, Training Field(Stonecutter)

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 0 : Duties of Exisiting Garrison

Duties of the PLA in Hong Kong after Handover Governing The principal law governing the operation of the Hong Kong Garrison, Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Garrisoning of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (“Garrison Law”)1, was passed by the National People’s Congress and came into force in Hong Kong on 1 July 1997.

Military Expenditure Fully borne by the Central Government (In practice, all materials consumed by the Garrison are supplied by its logistics bases in Guangdong.)

Number of Personnel - Overall 6000 army under system of annual rotation (8 000 to 10 000 total with support) Relationship between the Hong Kong Garrison and the HKSAR Government Each has its own independent organization structure, and they are not subordinate to each other.

The Garrison shall not interfere in the local affairs of Hong Kong (BL Article 14 & GL Article 9) Functions and Responsibilities -Preparing against and resisting aggression, and safeguarding the security of Hong Kong, carrying out defence duties, controlling military facilities, and handling foreign-related military affairs -For defence, and to maintain the sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of the State and the security of Hong Kong (Article 14) Duties under Request -the HKSAR Government may, when necessary, ask the Central Government for assistance from the Garrison in the maintenance of public order and in disaster relief; and -the Garrison shall perform its duties in accordance with the provisions of the national laws that the Central Government decides to apply in Hong Kong in the event that the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress decides to declare a state of war or, by reason of turmoil within Hong Kong which endangers national unity or security and is beyond the control of the HKSAR Government, decides that Hong Kong is in a state of emergency.

Chapter 4

4-22

Dimension 0 : Existing Programmes in Admiralty Garrison (ref. X-10) Programme List Existing Central Garrison Site Area: 28380 m2 ; Outer Pedestrian: 4815 m2 Year

Name

Floor

demolished in 1962

Old Dockyard buildings

H

L/P

main

1959-1961

Amethyst Block

5/F

2/F

Upper- cabin accommodation Over- admin office and wardroom

1959-1961

Blake Block

7/F

3/F

Ratings Accomodations 1979- Locally Entered Personnel 1997-

circa 1959 -currently demolished

Cornflower Block

2/F

accomodation

circa 1959

Medical Centre

2/F

Hospital

1978

Headquarter Building

19+5/F

Programme

7/F

Floor Area Additional structure 3710 m2 Roof covered walkway

1680 m2

925 m2 Podium Elevated Walkway

58200 m2

Pool x 2.5

2605 m2 add

770 m2

G/F

Basketball Court

2790 m2 add

420 m2

G/F

Handball Court

800 m2

Podium

Tennis Court x2

528 m2

TS-Temporary Structure

730 m2

Kiosk & Stores

385 m2 Road, Lamppost (Fire Hydrant)

11225 m2

Programme Total Additional Total All Usable

2880 m2

71170 m2 5395 m2 76565 m2

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 0 : The New Promenade

Boundary of Transition , the evolving urban transformation programme Topological (eqv.) Methodologyof as Alternative Boundary Making Process : Liberating Boundary for the Liberation Garrison As the attachment garrison to the harbour is essential for security purpose but at the meanwhile the request of continuing promenade was high 1 THE SINGLE INTERFACE GARRISON from public, the site boundary of the new garrison would include the area of promenade area so as the boundary of promenade would extend into the 2 EXTENDED CIVIC PROMENADE garrison area.

TOMMY LI Chong Yan

APRIL 2014

n

CONCEPT BY THESIS STATEMENT

n

MASTER PLANNING STRATEGIES BY PLAN 1:1000 & SECTION 1:500

3n

ONE GARRISON - TWO SYSTEMS BUILDING SYSTEMS BY ISOMETRIC 1:250 & 4000

The building of the new garrison would then involve both governments to 4 CONTINUITY BOUNDARY achieve. As a result, a new boundary would be made for all in balanced way 5 TRANSITION & TRANSFORMATION without differentiation and controversy. n

EXPERIENCE BY ISOMETRIC COLLAGE 1:500

n

MANUAL VARIABLES BY PERSPECTIVE COLLAGE

0n

RESEARCH FINDINGS

2014 FEB

1905

Historical Map of Wellington Barracks & H.M.S Tamar, Admiralty

1946

1959

Chapter 4

Dimension 0 : Existing Planning of the New Promenade

4-24

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 1 : Concept and Proposition - Single Interface Garrison As to apply topological eqv. methodology in alternative boundary making process, 3 main agendas, arranged in scale and order, was first listed out for the transition of the Garrison which could be taking as the opportunity to evolve the ultimate transformation to our existing urban built environment: 1 Single Interface - Two Systems With the consistence of legal system of Hong Kong since the handover, the garrison has to follow the common law system in Hong Kong as well as the principles from civil law from mainland. Instead of the current design with a standing wall cutting off the garrison from the environment, topological methodology could be applied as an alternative tool for allowing both systems to co-exist parallel between a boundary.

2 Civic Boundary Locating at a prominent site in between the City Hall, Legislative Council, Government Headquarter and Promenade, the existing garrison breaks the connectivity of adjacent civic facilities. With the rising demand of qualitative public ground from society, the garrison should ready for transformation in order to response the emerging social needs. While the garrison is essential for the regional security purpose, the transition of boundary would occupy necessary military facilities but at the same time achieving stronger contextual connectivity and engagement to neighbouring civic programmes.

Chapter 4

4-26

Dimension 1 : Design Agendas

Conventional Boundary Relationship

Civil Law System (China)

System Agenda

Common Law System (Hong Kong)

2sys?

(PLA)

Government & LegCo

Context Agenda

Garrison

City Hall

Promenade

Programme Agenda Walled City as Fortification

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

3 Liberating Fortification Reviewing of martial history, the contemporary mode of warfare would no longer rely on heavy fortification but the alliance with urban militia to form the national integrity as the major defending force. With the changing roles of garrison from war defence to sovereignty maintenance, defensive programmes inherited from historical barracks would soon be retired.

Active population would be welcomed and hence requiring an open garrison to achieve. As the underlying mission described by PLA: “to be the window of the country”, the new garrison would take opportunity to build the common platform for demonstrating their excellence to Hong Kong citizens.

Parti Diagram of The New Garrison Keywords - Single Interface, Cross-dimensionality, Connectivity & Continuity

Chapter 4

4-28

Dimension 1 : Proposition on Architectural Boundary

Topological-eqv. Boundary Relationship Common Law System (Hong Kong)

System Agenda

2sys?

(PLA)

Civil Law System (China)

Government & LegCo

Context Agenda

City Hall

Garrison

Promenade

Programme Agenda Urban Militia as Garrison

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 1 : Parti Model for Single-interface Boundary Inspiration

Sectional View

Top View

Side View

Chapter 4

4-30

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 2 : Layout of Master Planning - Continuing Promenade The programmes of new garrison were re-arranged into 3 main clusters, positioned by the similarity of nature with adjacent programmes around the site. The land lot of the existing military was divided and attached to the neighbour programmes. Thus the new programmes would no longer confined in the lot but in crossing lots. The crossing programmes would then connect the sites with the transition of land lots. And the entrance of the new programmes would directly connected to the surroundings instead of cutting off by the roads and walls. Hence the new garrison would exist as the extension of site context rather than a new isolated object.

There are 3 main connections in form of programme clusters being made for the specific site: from promenade to city hall; from city gallery to government headquarters and LegCo; and from road to pier.

As 3 programme clusters are connected as a single surface, each of the access point was controlled by another programme cluster that the boundary of garrison itself is the entrances as well.

The Dockyard & HMS Tamar . 1946 - 1959

The Dockyard & HMS Tamar . 1946 - 1959

People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison . Admiralty 2012

Chapter 4

4-32

Dimension 2 : Master Layout Plan & Section North

Central Government Office

Admiralty Station

50M

Far East Finance Centre Chater Garden

Bank of America Tower

Hutchison Building Legislative Council Complex

AIA Central

The Hong Kong Club Building

Connaught Road

Tamar Park Car Park Chief Executive's Office Lung Wo Road Hong Kong City Hall

City Gallery

Central and Western District Promenade

100M Resources Desk Research Office

65 M Dormitory Institute 40 M

Entrance to Connaught Road Highway

Promenade Desk

Military Path

Forum

Match Hall

Military Museum Extended Promenade

Public Road

Open Ground

Training Facilities Archive

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 2 : Underground Level

Research Archive

Sports Facility & Reservoir

Tidal Training Pool

Chapter 4

4-34

Dimension 2 : Podium Level

Research Institution Cluster

Sports & Assembling Cluster

Training & Supply Cluster

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 2 : Topological Envelope

military entrance from Connaught Road highway

extension of 3-dimensional promenade

civic entrance from City Hall

Chapter 4

4-36

Dimension 2 : Roof Top Towers

Living Tower

Office Tower

Promenade Deck / Military Pier

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

65 M

Promenade Desk

40 M

a l l

Military Path

Match Hall

Military Museum

Dimension 2 : Planning Transition Extended Promenade

T r a i n iFacilit n Training

Research Institution Cluster

Research Archive

p o r t s & s e m b l i n g Sports Facility C l u s t e r & Reservoir

Sports & Assembling Cluster

e 3p

Tidal Training Pool Training & Supply Cluster

Basement

Podium Clusters

Pl a n n i n g T Planning Trans

100M Resources Desk

Chapter 4 Research Office

Dormitory Institute

Entrance to Connaught Road Highway

Forum

4-38

Public Road

n g Training Facilities

Open Ground

Fa c i l i t i e s Archive

military entrance from Connaught Road highway

m i l i e n t r a n c C o n n Ro a d h

& ng r

Office Tower

Living Tower

civic entrance from City Hall e x t e n s i o 3 - d i m e n s p ro m n Promenade Decke / Military Pier

extension of 3-dimensional promenade

Envelope

Towers

T r a n s i t i o n ning Transition

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 3 : System of Building Design - One Garrison, Two System The form of the 3 programme-clusters was defined by a continuous, single interface boundary, which was extended from the ground and adjacent programmes. While the ultimate functional differentiation of the existing site was military and civic programmes, the new garrison boundary would be composited by the extension of civic promenade in a 3 dimensional way. Therefore citizens could access the boundary of the garrison and at the same time becoming the boundary of the garrison.

Programmes would be extended from the boundary and occupied the space around and there would be no longer inside and outside for the new garrison as it is a single interface boundary.

The continuing boundary of garrison united all the space, while the programme clusters defined the zoning between the boundary. These two systems support each other forming the one garrison. With the boundary, the clusters could maintain it’s independent functions but controlled accessibility with security purpose by mechanical systems. Extended common ground for both military and civic use would be the bridge of both users and design systems.

Chapter 4

4-40

Dimension 3 : Building Systems

Extended Promenade Common Ground Military Use Energy Resources

Towers

Upper Promenade

Vertical Cores

Programme Platforms

Lower Promenade

Basement & Pier

Urban Topography

Site

North

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Extended Promenade Common Ground Military Use Energy Resources

Towers

Upper Promenade

Vertical Cores

There were 3 programme clusters built with the new boundary: 1. research cluster; 2. living cluster and 3. training cluster. All clusters would have isomorphous circulation cycle following the transition of programmes, even the functions of each were different. The circulation path of each cluster created the opening of another cluster, so the totality of the clusters was important as in symbiotic relationship.

Basically there were 3 zones for every cluster, the military zone, civic-military zone and civic zone connected to the entrance, which guarded by the civicmilitary zone of another cluster. Accessing from the public connected civic zone to the highest level of the military zone, the end of the paths of 3 clusters were all connected. Users could transit to other clusters at the central vertical core so that the journey in this garrison complex would be an infinity path without dead-end. In other words, the garrison connected all own programmes, traffics and users with the site.

Programme Platforms

Lower Promenade

Basement & Pier

Urban Topography

Site

North

Garrison Office Garrison Dorm Military Zone Public Deck

Civic-Military Zone

Forum

Museum

Match Hall

Dock Reservoir

Archive

Civic Zone

Training Camp

Institution Catering Facilities

Research Cluster

Leisure Cluster

Movement Transition

Training Cluster

Chapter 4

4-42

Dimension 3 : Research Cluster

Garrison Office

Military Zone

Civic-Military Zone

Forum

Archive

Civic Zone Institution

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 3 : Living Cluster

Garrison Dorm

Military Zone

Civic-Military Zone

Match Hall

Reservoir

Civic Zone

Catering Facilities

Chapter 4

4-44

Dimension 3 : Training Cluster

Military Zone

Civic-Military Zone

Public Deck

Museum

Dock

Training Camp

Civic Zone

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 4 : Experience in Time - Infinity Boundary Further to describe the 3-dimensional journey with the topological boundary, an isometric collage was made to deconstruct the limit of formal perspective representation. Composing in inter-crossing and interlocking way, the clusters in the drawing illustrated the infinity cycle of circulation in experience.

The inter-crossing and interlocking journey was achieved by the integration of boundary, which involved the entrances in boundary, promenade in boundary and garrison/city in boundary. The union of threshold, path and destination was achieved by the use of topological concept on the new boundary making process. To explain, the entrance of the garrison was composed by permeable boundary which in function of civic promenade.

Then walking along the 3 dimensional promenade, which continue the same structure of the entrance boundary, leading by the programmes in cluster, people are actually walking in the boundary of the garrison, and defining the garrison. Finally people could participate in the functions in the cluster extended from and continued with the boundary, where the event took place. The connection of military part and civic part was controlled with separate systems, while people can access the deepest part of the garrison without disturbing army activities.

Chapter 4

4-46

Dimension 4 : Continuity Experience

Pr o

m

de ena

- Ci

ty H

all

C it y H a ll - Ta m ar Ad

M

i

a lit

ry

Pa

th

mi

ral

t

H y-

arb

ou

r

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

There were several transitional elements that could facilitate the controls on the connections between two systems. One dominant part was the rotational deck on the training cluster. The deck could function as a public deck which extending the promenade for public leisure uses. On the other side it worked as a crane of transferring military stuffs from the tower and traffics to the pier through transition. The function of the deck would transform with time and users.

The second part was the transforming module in the towers. The operable module could act as circulation corridor, security wall, and environmental shields for the living and office units. The operation could be manually controlled which demonstrating the heterogeneity in use by the simple modular system, as well as centralized control under the disciplinary period.

The third part was the transforming boundary that by varying the size and level of the structure, functions and accessibility could be controlled.

The basic module structure was a triple spiral staircase or ramps, which forming the accessible 3-dimensional promenade as the boundary for the garrison. In vertical part, when the depth of the boundary increased, the ramp would transforme into steps, and vice versa. In horizontal part, the change of scale could limit the access and function. The change density and size of the boundary mesh could achieve environmental controls, for example the sunlight accessibility and visibility. The control on boundary could be according to the specific context and programme condition in time.

Chapter 4

Dimension 4 : Public Promenade / Military Dock

4-48

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 4 : Open Living Unit / Cell

Chapter 4

Dimension 4 : Connecting Steps / Environmental Skin

4-50

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 5 : Variables in Use - Transition & Transformation The final dimension attempted to emphasis the variability of human control in use with time which contributed the ultimate transition and transformation of boundary in architecture. The representational collage included a series of transiting perspectives with transiting elements in position from outer angles, showing the movement of boundary under control. Stitching up with an inner angle of the boundary, the collage projected the inter-transiting conditions of inside and outside perspectives.

Besides, the drawing implied the connectivity of the garrison along the boundary, from public pier, promenade to secure military facilities.

It was also a statement that the essence of topological boundary is not the form itself but the ability of transition and transformation by cross dimensionality which achieving variations in the creating process.

Homomorphic transformation from Boy’s Surface

Topological Mail (armour) as garrison building’s “Liberating Boundary”

Chapter 4

Dimension 5 : Variability in Use

4-52

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 5 : Transiting Promenade - Military Pier & Public Deck

Chapter 4

Dimension 5 : Cluster of Research Institute - Transformable Module with Time

4-54

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 5 : Boundary of Transition - the evolving urban transformation programme

Chapter 4

4-56

Living Cluster Animation Script

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Dimension 5 : Resource Harvest and Cycle

Continuous Gallery

Isomorphic Units

Retractable Corridor Retractable Balcony Retractable Shading Device Retractable Wall

Topological Dormitory - Variable Equality Units

Chapter 4

4-58

Electricity Source - Pivotal PV Panels Water Source - Rain Water Collection

Food source - Roof-farming Decks Solar Source - Reflective Panels

Resourses Deck - Self-sustainable Garrison

CIVIC BOUNDARY AS LIBERATING GARRISON - Architectural Design Demonstration Final Project - 5 Dimensions of Architecture

Focused Study - The Universal System : Topological Boundary A universal system which has the greatest adaptability for different context and programme in the environment was proposed. This system was also used for the boundary of the garrison. The proposed system would be primary composed by 3 overlapping layers of stair mash with the following properties: - Modulation :

relatively cheap in fabrication, expendable and non-hierarchical - Composition : unitable 3 independent layers of interweaving meshes controlled by single supporting structure - Scale : accessibility control and environmental control - Form : Steps/Ramps/Escalators/Lifts

Chapter 4

From 2D Hex-Mesh to 3-way Scissors Staircase

4-60

“The Beginning” To conclude, this thesis tries to reveal the possibility of making alternative boundary from applying topological or equivalent qualities to our conventional system. From the list of methodological studies to design demonstration with a garrison scenario, the process of this thesis was trying to challenge the limit of transition from conventional dimension to topological dimension. The design outcomes generated in each test and studies were showing the boundary of transition, as the milestone of each process. Since the broader scope is to search for the limit of limit, in literal description, there will not be a single or final end product that could made the conclusion of this thesis. The continuing research on the boundary of its cross-dimensionality and transitional ability would be the core of focus, instead of simply finding a transiting boundary in crossing dimensions which could be generated in a comparatively direct way. In the searching of the boundary of transition, it was projected that the findings would progressively evolve the transformation to the existing built environment, especially for such complex urban context with intensive rules and controls, in a contributive way with great impacts.

The studies and experiments of this report would provide a broad intersects of proposition which leading to the beginning of investigation.

Conclusion

5-2

Tommy, Chong -Yan L i