What Are the Main Factors Affecting the Durability of Concrete? Concrete is generally considered to be an extremely hard-wearing material which requires minimal or no maintenance. However, there are a number of factors that affect the durability of concrete, particularly when it’s used in industrial areas, coastal or marine environments, or areas that are subject to high levels of pollutants. Let’s take a look at the main factors affecting the durability of concrete. The definition of concrete durability Ask any company specialising in concrete structures or concrete drilling in Sydney about the definition of concrete durability, and they’ll tell you that it’s based on its ability to resist weathering, abrasion, the effects of chemicals and other processes of deterioration. To be considered durable, the concrete must be able to retain its original form, quality and serviceability no matter what the environment. Factors that affect concrete durability The main factors that affect concrete durability are: 1. Environmental factors Environmental factors can be classified into 2 different types: physical and chemical. Physical factors include elements such as temperature which influences hydration, and moisture which causes corrosion in the steel rods placed within the concrete. Variations in temperature will not only cause shrinkage which can lead to cracks but can also cause secondary stresses to the structure. Too much moisture in the concrete can adversely affect the integrity of the steel, and also act as a conduit for introducing chemicals into the body of the concrete. Furthermore, as moisture freezes and thaws, it causes the concrete to expand and crack. 2. Chemical factors Concrete is vulnerable to many types of chemical attack, which result in changes in volume and cracking of the concrete itself. This ultimately leads to deterioration of the structure. Concrete is particularly vulnerable to attacks from:
Acid Chloride Sulphate Alkali Seawater Carbonation
In addition to the above, other substances also have the potential to negatively affect concrete. These range from mineral oils, such as petrol, which impact the hardening process to vegetable and animal oils and fats which can cause deterioration of the surface of the concrete. Somewhat surprisingly, sugar can also have a corrosive effect on both fresh and hardened concrete. In addition, sewage can cause damage to