5IJT NFBOT UIBU UIF QSPEVDU PG UIF QSFTTVSF BOE WPMVNF PG BO JEFBM HBT BU B QBSUJDVMBS UFNQFSBUVSF JT B DPOTUBOU BOE EPFT OPU DIBOHF BT UIF QSFTTVSF BOE UIF WPMVNF DIBOHF 0UIFS HSBQIT DBO BMTP CF ESBXO UP JMMVTUSBUF UIJT SFMBUJPOTIJQ TFF 'JHVSFT 1.13 BOE 1.14 B HSBQI PG QSFTTVSF BHBJOTU #FDBVTF QSFTTVSF JT QSPQPSUJPOBM UP WPMVNF XPVME CF B TUSBJHIU MJOF HSBQI UIBU XPVME QBTT UISPVHI UIF PSJHJO WPMVNF BMUIPVHI UIJT HSBQI XJMM OFWFS BDUVBMMZ QBTT UISPVHI UIF PSJHJO m UIF HBT XPVME IBWF UP IBWF JOĂŞ OJUF WPMVNF BU [FSP QSFTTVSF 5IJT JT TIPXO JO 'JHVSF 1.13 #FDBVTF PV k XIFSF k JT B DPOTUBOU B HSBQI PG PV BHBJOTU QSFTTVSF PS WPMVNF XJMM CF B TUSBJHIU IPSJ[POUBM MJOF 5IJT JT TIPXO JO 'JHVSF 1.14 P / Pa
PV / cm3 Pa
0 0
1/ V / cm–3
1 Figure 1.13 The relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of an ideal gas at constant temperature.
0
P/ Pa
0
Figure 1.14 The relationship between PV and P for a fixed mass of an ideal gas at constant temperature.
The relationship between volume and temperature (Charles’ law)
V / cm3
*G UIF UFNQFSBUVSF JT JO LFMWJO UIF GPMMPXJOH SFMBUJPOTIJQ FYJTUT CFUXFFO UIF WPMVNF BOE UIF UFNQFSBUVSF The volume of a fixed mass of an ideal gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to its kelvin temperature. V�T 5IFSFGPSF JG UIF LFMWJO UFNQFSBUVSF JT EPVCMFE BOE UIF QSFTTVSF SFNBJOT DPOTUBOU UIF WPMVNF PG UIF HBT JT EPVCMFE BOE WJDF WFSTB 5IJT NFBOT UIBU JG BO JEFBM HBT IBT B WPMVNF PG DN BU , JU XJMM IBWF B WPMVNF PG DN BU , JG UIF QSFTTVSF SFNBJOT DPOTUBOU 5IJT JT JMMVTUSBUFE JO 'JHVSF 1.15 5IJT SFMBUJPOTIJQ EPFT OPU XPSL GPS UFNQFSBUVSFT JO ž$ 'JHVSF 1.16 'PS JOTUBODF JG UIF WPMVNF PG BO JEFBM HBT BU ž$ JT DN UIF WPMVNF JU XJMM PDDVQZ BU ž$ XJMM CF BCPVU DN
0 0
T/ K
Figure 1.15 The relationship between the volume and temperature (in kelvin) of a fixed mass of an ideal gas at constant pressure.
"O JEFBM HBT DBO OFWFS MJRVFGZ CFDBVTF UIFSF BSF OP GPSDFT CFUXFFO UIF NPMFDVMFT
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