tonoplast – membrane surrounding vacuole cell surface membrane (pressed against cell wall)
middle lamella – thin layer holding cells together, contains calcium pectate plasmodesma – connects cytoplasm of neighbouring cells
vacuole – large with central position
cell wall of neighbouring cell
cytoplasm
cell wall
mitochondria nucleolus – deeply staining
Figure 1.4 Cells from the lining of the human cheek ( 500), each showing a centrally placed nucleus which is a typical animal cell characteristic. The cells are part of a tissue known as squamous (flattened) epithelium.
Figure 1.4 shows some actual human cells and Figure 1.6 shows an actual plant cell taken from a leaf.
nucleus
chloroplast grana just visible
nuclear envelope chromatin – deeply staining and thread-like
small structures that are difficult to identify Golgi apparatus
Figure 1.5 Structure of a generalised plant cell (diameter about 40 m) as seen with a very high quality light microscope.
SAQ 1.1 Using Figures 1.3 and 1.5, name the structures that animal and plant cells have in common, those found in only plant cells, and those found only in animal cells.
Figure 1.6 Photomicrograph of a cell in a moss leaf ( 1400).
1 Cell structure
3