Structural Report of Pavilion Design_Construcation Studio

STRUCTURAL REPORT Group 8

Politecnico di Milano School of Architecture Urban Planning and Construction Engineering

Academic Year 2021 Professors: Ingrid Paoletti, Elena Mola - Teaching Team: Giorgio Castellano, Edoardo Copelli, Giulia Grassi, Tommaso Pagnacco, Michele Tonizzo

Group 8 members: Chen Boshi 961902 Tong Yihao 961814 Cui Ziqi 961896 Zhang Xinjie 975005

01

Structure introduction Structure system

02

Material Selection

03

Loads-structural analysis results

INDEX

STRUCTURE ELEMENTS JOINTS MECHANISM MATERIAL GROUND CONNECTION MATERIAL NO STRUCTURE MATERIAL

GRAVITY WIND LOAD 03

Final results FINAL DRWAINGS

01

STRUCTURE INTROUCTION STEEL FRAME STRUCTURE SYSTEM

STEEL FRAME STRUCTURE SYSTEM

The overall structure is mainly composed of steel pipes. The horizontal steel pipes are connected to the vertical steel pipes through Key clamp, and the vertical steel pipes are connected to the concrete foundation underground through Anchor bolts. Since some of the vertical steel pipes are on the lawn, the underground soil has also been treated with Planting soil and Packed soil.

There is a layer of 120mm planting soil under the lawn, and then Packed soil and Concrete foundation are placed under the planting soil. In order to inflate and deflate the airbag, we have installed an air pump system underground, which is fixed together with the Concrete foundation through the Fixing bolt.

Inside the steel pipe, there is also a system composed of pressure sensors, rotating shafts, and Micro motor. One side of the airbag is extended with the ETFE membrane, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft and cooperates with the air pump to realize automatic inflation and Deflate ,contraction and ejection under the control of the app.

DETAILS OF PAVILION 13 14

4

1

11

5

17

30

55

120 40

55

5

16

2

15

30

5

10

1

18

1 10

5

50

9

19 13

1

5

15

14

16

10

1

18

1

10

5

310

9

21 22 23

3

1 5

6

4

7

2

5

19 11

75 10

10

12

5

8

24

120

110

50 35 15

450

15 25

17

9

20

26

25

20 5

205

4

18

5

150

15 5

1.ETFE cube 2.Special-shaped steel pipe 3.Transit trachea and Shaft 4.ETFE membrane 5.Bidirectional trachea 6.valve 7.vent 8.Induction air pump 9.Fixing bolt

130

20

10.Retaining plate 11.Induction barometer 12.Anchor bolt 13.Bearing fixing seat 14.Bearing 15.Micromotor 16.Metal fasteners 17.Key clamp 18. Electronic controller

19.Transit trachea 20.Curbstone-precast concrete block 21.Grass 22.Planting soil 23.Packed soil 24.Concrete foundation 25.Concrete cushion 26.Stone pavement

02

METERIAL SELECTION STRUCTURE ELEMENTS JOINTS MECHANISM MATERIAL GROUND CONNECTION MATERIAL NO STRUCTURE MATERIAL

Structural elements

Steel 275

Steel grade S275JR is a structural steel that meets the requirements of the EN 10025-2 standard.

Classification: Non-alloy structural steel.

“S” is for structural steel; “275” refers to the minimum yield strength is 275 MPa tested with steel thickness ≤ 16mm.

“JR” means that the minimum charpy impact value at room temperature is 27J. Physical Properties S275 mild steel density: 7.85 g/cm3 Melting point: 1420-1460 °C (2590-2660 °F) Mechanical Properties S275 steel mechanical properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and impact resistance are given in datasheet below.

CROSS SECTION

Diameter:

5cm

Thickness

0.5cm

Chemical composition % of steel S275JR (1.0044): EN 10025-2-2004

JOINTS MECHANISM MATERIAL Key clamp Material ID : SS304 stainless steel ≤0.08 ≥520 ≥205 193 7.93 1.73E-05 ≥40 ≥60 0.3

30

(%) (MPa) (MPa) (20 C°, KN/mm) (20 C°, g/cm³) (0~100 C°, 10·K) (%) (%)

60

5

30

50

5

10

5

40

5

10

Carbon content Tensile strength Conditional yield strength Young's modulus Density linear expansion coefficient Elongation Section shrinkage Poisson's ratio

120

DIFFERENT KINDS OF KEY CLAMPS

90

90

120

60 5

50

60

30 5

5

30

50

30

5

60 5

10

50

90

5

60

40

30

5

10

5

10

10

40

5

10

10

5

30

DIFFERENT KINDS OF KEY CLAMPS

60

60 50

60

30

42°

10 35

5

50

35

10

40

5

35

200 60

5

90

5

65

40

200 60

5

138°

35

35

35

°

138

65

90

35

35

5

10

40

5

5

10

5

50

35

30

5

5 35

5

120

42°

DIFFERENT KINDS OF KEY CLAMPS

70 55 200 60

40 55

70

30 10 30

25 10 25

30 10 30

200

30

12

30

50 5

60

5

10 10 10 12 10 10 10

200

55 30 10 30

115 25 10 25 5 50

10

30 10 30 55 10

DIFFERENT KINDS OF KEY CLAMPS

6 3

5

5

11

5

5

8 6

8 6

5

15 8 3

5 50 8 5 10

6

11

22

6

4

5

8

5

40 66

5

8 8

5

18

4

18

5

8

66

37 13

37

10

10 10 10 80

10

15

10

10 10 10 80

10

15

45

6 10 6 6 5

80 6 15 15

GROUND CONNECTION MATERIAL Anchor bolt Material ID : Q235 steel Carbon content ≤0.22 Tensile strength 370-520 Conditional yield strength ≥235 Young's modulus 210 Density 7.85 linear expansion coefficient 1.20E-05 Elongation ≥26 Section shrinkage ≥60 Poisson's ratio 0.25~0.33

(%) (MPa) (MPa) (20 C°, KN/mm) (20 C°, g/cm³) (1/°C) (%) (%)

5 10 45 6 45 220 6 45

21 13

9

6

5°

43

6 9

60 90

60 90

9 6

9

9

6 9

9 6

PHYSICAL MODEL Scale: 1 to 2.5

PHYSICAL MODEL Scale: 1 to 2.5

DETIAL MOCK UP Scale: 1 to 2

DETIAL MOCK UP Scale: 1 to 2

03

LOAD -STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS GRAVITY WIND LOAD

GRAVITY

PART 1-Rest area

Element:O-section steel Diameter:

5cm

Thickness

0.5cm

Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:

890.318522kg 0.820938 KN 0.143965KN 0.023551kNM

MX

NX

MY

VY

MZ

VZ

0.095389KN 0.536987cm 0.002554 kNm

GRAVITY

PART 2-Book exchange

Element:O-section steel Diameter:

5cm

Thickness

0.5cm

Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:

1360.377kg 0.820938 KN 0.143965KN

MX

NX

MY

VY

MZ

VZ

0.023551kNM 0.095389KN 0.536987cm 0.002554 kNm

GRAVITY

PART 3-Play room

Element:O-section steel Diameter:

5cm

Thickness

0.5cm

Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:

1634.91711kg 4.8060KN 1.0088KN

MX

NX

MY

VY

MZ

VZ

0.142325kNM 0.523486KN 2.543091cm 16.349171kNm

GRAVITY

PART 2-Meeting area

Element:O-section steel Diameter:

5cm

Thickness

0.5cm

Weight of structure:

7811.05kg

Max compression:

4.00KN

Max tension:

3.25KN

Max bending moment:

0.194kNM

Max shear force:

0.7732KN

Max displacement:

0.2336cm

Elastic energy:

MX

NX

MY

VY

MZ

VZ

0.00684kNm

Wind Load analysis Wind actions fluctuate with time and actdirectly as pressuresontheexternalsurfacesofenclosedstructuresand,beca useofporosityoftheexternalsurface,alsoactindirectlyontheinternalsurfaces.Theymayalsoactdirectlyoninternalstruct uresofopenstructures.Pressuresactonareasofthesurfaceresultinginforcesnormaltothesurfaceofthestructureorofind ividualcladdingcomponents.AccordingtoNTC2018,the characteristic valueofwindpressureismodelledasaquasi-stati cactionthatcanbecomputedaccordingtothefollowingequation: P = qr * Ce * Cp * Cd qr = BASIC VALUE OF WIND PRESSURE. Ce = EXPOSURE COEFFICIENT. Cp = PRESSURE COEFFICIENT. Cd = DYNAMIC COEFFICIENT. qr = BASIC VALUE OF WIND PRESSURE. 1. Vb Vb,0 from table= 25 [m/s] For Milano(data from sheet): as = 120 m as ≤ a0 so Ca = 1 Vb = Vb,0 * Ca = 25 [m/s] * 1 = 25 [m/s] 2. Cr , with Tr = 10（for temporary building) Cr = 0.75 * √ (1-0.2*ln[-ln(1-1/10)] = 0.90 3. Vr Vr = Vb * Cr = 25 * 0.90 = 22.5 4. qr qr = 0.5 * ρ * vr^2 = 0.5* 1,25 * 22.5^2 = 316.4 [N/m2] qr = 0.316[nN/m2]

SHEET FORM

Figure 1

Cp = PRESSURE COEFFICIENT. Cd is the dynamic coefficient=1 Ce = EXPOSURE COEFFICIENT. It depends on the height above ground z of the point considered, on the topography and on the exposure category of the site. For heights above ground not greater than z- 200m: (from figure2) Topographic Coefficient Ct = 1 1. CLASSE A, inside the city 2. Zone 1 (Lombardia) Milano: as = 120 m the location distance away from the sea = CLASS V 3. CLASS V, Kr = 0,23 z0 = 0,70 zmin = 12 z = height of the building. z = 6m z = 4 < zmin = 12. Ce(z) = Ce (zmin) Ce(z) = Kr^2*ct*In(z/z0)[7+ct*In(z/z0)] = 0,23^2 * 1 * ln (6/0.70) * [7 + 1 * ln (6/0.70) ] = 1.04 Ce(z) = 1.04 So P = qr * Ce * Cp * Cd P (z) = 0.316 * 1.04 * 1 * 1 = 0.32 kN/m2 P (z) = 0.32 kN/m2

Figure 2

GRAVITY +WIND LOAD PART 1-Rest area

Element:O-section steel Diameter:

5cm

Thickness：

0.5cm

Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment:

890.318522kg 0.820938 KN 0.143965KN 0.023551kNM

Max shear force:

0.095389KN

Max displacement:

1.0176cm

Elastic energy:

MX

NX

MY

VY

MZ

VZ

0.299 kNm

GRAVITY +WIND LOAD PART 2-Book exchange

Element:O-section steel Diameter:

5cm

Thickness

0.5cm

Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:

1360.377kg 5.60 KN 1.34KN

MX

NX

MY

VY

MZ

VZ

0.1845kNM 0.7303KN 2.183cm 0.2704kNm

GRAVITY +WIND LOAD PART 3-Play room

Element:O-section steel Diameter:

5cm

Thickness

0.5cm

Weight of structure:

1634.91711kg

Max compression:

4.806091KN

Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:

1.008827KN

MX

NX

MY

VY

MZ

VZ

0.143325kNM 0.5234KN 2.543901cm 0.06kNm

GRAVITY +WIND LOAD PART 4-Meeting area

Element:O-section steel Diameter:

5cm

Thickness

0.5cm

Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment:

7811.05kg 18.43544.00KN 15.23513KN

NX

MY

VY

MZ

VZ

1.59309kNM

Max shear force:

5.106477KN

Max displacement:

3.448461cm

Elastic energy:

MX

0.404319kNm

04

FINAL DRAWING DEFINE DRAWINGS

50mm

50mm

7500mm

10000mm

DEFINE DRAWINGS

50mm 50mm

8500mm

4500mm

4.0M 2.5M

3.0M

0.798