NURS 232 Growth and Development/Safety ISSUU Visual Report on Cady Heron

Cad

n

from Mean Girls

(Cady in Africa, n.d.)

(Mean Cady, n.d.)

(Classic Cady, n.d.)

MEET Cady Heron...

A 16-year-old adolescent who grew up in Africa and whose parents worked in Africa for 12 years as research zoologists. Cady was homeschooled for 12 years in Africa; therefore, in the beginning, she had trouble adjusting to a real school in Evanston, Illinois. Cady is a good daughter, intelligent, friendly, and a lover of nature.

Cady has red, long hair, green eyes, fair skin, a pretty face, and a nice body figure. She is about 5 feet and 4 inches tall and weighs about 54 kg. She dresses in casual school clothes such as t-shirts and jeans and wears simple to no makeup before she adapted the style and fashion of the famous teen clique, “The Plastics”, which consists of Regina George, Karen Smith, and Gretchen Wieners.

In od

on

(Cady’s friends, n.d.)

Family

Chip and Betsy Heron are the parents of Cady Heron.

They both worked as research zoologists in Africa for 12 years. Cady is their one and only child and they are very close to her since Cady has been homeschooled and she has never been separated from them. Chip and Betsy are loving and caring parents.

Back in Africa, Cady had many friends such as Nfume.

However, when she moved to the United States, especially on her first day of high school at North Shore High School as an eleventh grader, Cady was alone, had no friends, and everybody seemed to be with their own group of friends or “cliques” until she met Janis and Damian who accompanied her at school and who became her true friends. Cady was also “befriended” by the famous teen group in high school, “The Plastics”.

Cady discovered Regina’s unpleasant, mean attitude and with Janis’ desire to revenge Regina, Janis requested for Cady to continue hanging out with Regina, Karen, and Gretchen to find out their dirty secrets and to ruin Regina’s life.

School/Hobbies

(Mean girls, n.d.)

Parenting Style

Chip and Betsy have an authoritative parenting style because they set certain rules and explain the rationales behind the rules. Cady’s parents want Cady to develop her social skills; however, they do not tolerate her bad behaviors. For instance, Cady was grounded when her parents found out that she caused trouble at her school (Sommer et al., 2013).

Friends

(Chip and Betsy, n.d.)

Cady is known to be a smart student, especially in math class. She loves math and that is one of her strengths. Ms. Norbury, Cady’s Calculus professor, and one of the member of the Mathletes, Kevin Gnapoor, asked Cady to join their team because they noticed that she would be an excellent addition to their team and with her, they would be able to win in the national mathematics competition. Cady eventually joined them and helped the team to win.

Moreover, when Cady started to hang out with the “Plastics”, Cady learned to love shopping and put on dramatic makeup. She also enjoyed participating in school social activities such as the Winter Talent Show and Spring Fling event.

Gro h D ve m : Ph ic D el n Cady is considered an adolescent, which is within the range of 12 to 20 years old, since she is 16 years old. With an adolescent, the physical development that is expected is that during puberty, an adolescent will achieve 20% to 25% growth in height. They may also develop acne as part of puberty. Once they get their menses, after two to two and a half years, their growth will cease. They usually gain weight between 15.5 to 55 lbs and they grow between 2 to 8 inches. During adolescent years, adolescents like Cady starts to mature sexually as well. They first start to develop breast, then pubic and axillary hairs, and then they start menstruating (Sommer et al., 2013).

Fin

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t

By the time individuals reach adolescence period, they already achieved or developed all of the fine and gross motor skills such as dressing, writing, reading, eating, dancing, and other activities that require balance and coordination (Perry, Hockenberry, Lowdermilk, & Wilson, 2014).

Cady showed that she was able to perform many fine and gross motor skills including dressing, eating, writing, reading, dancing, and more activities that require balance and coordination. For instance, during her high school Winter Talent Show, Cady was able to dance “Jingle Bell Rock” with the “Plastics”. With her dancing, she demonstrated good coordination.

By observing Cady, it can be said that she already matured sexually as evidenced by development of her breasts, weight gain, and an increase in height as compared to when she was still in Africa and when she was still a school age child. Her appearance is close to that of an adult at the age of 16.

(Karen, Cady, and Gretchen, n.d.)

il

(Winter Talent Show, n.d.)

Piaget’s Cognitive Development

Erikson’s Psychosocial development

An adolescent is in the fourth/last stage of Piaget’s cognitive An adolescent is in the stage of identity versus role confusion in which he or she aims to find his or her true identity and view himself or herself as unique with others, development, which is called formal operations. In this stage, an adolescent is especially with his or her parents. With this stage, adolescents also try to separate expected to think abstractly. During this period of cognitive development, themselves from parents or guardians as a way to practice their independence and adolescents tend to use formal logic and scientific reasoning with decision-making. autonomy and belonging themselves to a group of peers is important in building their Their thinking is not only restricted to their present and past experiences, but it personal identity (Perry et al., 2014; Sommer et al., 2013). includes thinking about the future and the consequences of actions. Adolescents Cady strived to search for her personal identity when she entered high school in are not only focused on their own viewpoints, but they are now able to understand United States. On her first day of school, Cady was lonely and isolated; she was unsure other people’s thoughts and ideas. Adolescents also have larger attention spans and where to belong, but she met Janis and Damian and she became friends with them. are idealistic and imaginative. Adolescent are capable of analyzing a set of values However, when she met and started to join the popular clique, “The Plastics”, who are being idolized and followed by most students in her high school, she was pressured to be or statements and able to build thoughts that require manipulation of different like them too although that made her lose her real friends, lie to her parents, and made her variables such as time, distance, and cost in attending an event for example (Perry a totally different person (a mean girl). However, at the end, she realized that being a et al., 2014; Sommer et al., 2013). popular girl in school is not her identity; she realized that being in good stand with her In the movie, Cady demonstrated that she real friends and family and doing what she loves to do such as math is her real passion is able to view the consequences of her actions and identity. when she stated that she would admit that she is the one responsible for the “burn book”, which contains negative comments about her Calculus professor, Adolescents are in the stage of conventional in which they although her crush, Aaron, would hate her if he understand concepts of duty, justice, obligations, and moral values that need found out the truth. She was also able to use logic to be followed. However, adolescents tend to justify their own values and actions in order to preserve their own integrity. Their decision-making and reasoning when she planned to ruin Regina’s during ethical dilemmas is based on the set moral values that they believed life by destroying Regina and Aaron’s romantic on. If ever they question moral values, it is because they observed adults relationship and disrupting Regina’s friendship with disobeying set moral guidelines (Perry et al., 2014).

Karen and Gretchen. Cady’s reasoning behind the Cady demonstrated her moral values when she stated that she does plan was that if Aaron breaks up with Regina and not steal when her friend, Janis, asked her to steal the “burn book” from Karen and Gretchen get mad with Regina, Regina Regina. Cady also demonstrated her moral obligation when she admitted would feel alone and hated and that Cady and her her fault to everyone despite of the consequences of her admitting her (Gretchen, Regina, Cady, and Karen, n.d.) friend, Janis, would finally get their revenge. mistakes.

Kohlberg’s Moral development

Nut During the period of adolescence, adolescents need to consume high quality and nutritious foods and calories should not be restricted since with this age group, adolescents experience rapid growth and they have increased metabolism. With an increased metabolism, adolescents need to increase their intake of zinc, folic acid, calcium, vitamin B6, and iron since adolescents are more likely to be deficient with these nutrients (Sommer et al., 2013).

Also, it is recommended that adolescents eat a well-balanced diet that is consist of grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and protein. Intake of fat should also be limited to about 25% to 30% of daily energy intake with elimination of trans or saturated fat.

Increased intake of fiber during the adolescence period is also important for the adolescents’ growth and development (Perry et al., 2014). In addition, adolescents tend to undereat and overeat as well once they reach this stage of development; therefore, it is important to assess and monitor the adolescents’ weight, BMI, and height so that issues with nutrition can be identified early and early interventions can be implemented (Sommer et al., 2013).

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Cady, who is an adolescent, seemed to have a “good” nutritional status due to her appearance of having a good figure. Based of her age and height, it can be assumed that she is within the normal weight range; she is obviously not anorexic or obese. However, although she appears healthy based on how her body looks like, Cady still does not have a well-balanced diet. In the movie, Cady eats a variety of food; some of the foods that Cady eats are unhealthy and contain a lot of fats and sugar.

Cady eats sandwiches, apples, potato chips, salads, and she drinks soft drinks and regular milk, which is high in sugar and fat. Although Cady drinks milk, which contains calcium and is good for her growth and development, Cady needs to limit her intake of sodas and potato chips. She needs to increase her intake of fruits, vegetables, and protein.

(Cady and Regina, n.d.)

(Cady on the toilet, n.d.)

Ore ’s e f-ca Fe l

s: Par

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et

During Cady’s first day of school, Cady felt so isolated and lonely. No one talked to her and no one seemed to like her because she is new in the school. She had nowhere to sit in the cafeteria to the point that she sat on the toilet bowl to eat. However, once she became part of the popular teen clique, “The Plastics”, and once Karen and Gretchen started to hate Regina and Cady started to become the new Queen Bee of the clique, Cady felt honored and privileged.

However, when the burn book created chaos in the school campus and everybody fought due to the negative comments that were contained in the book, Cady started to realize her mistakes and she became guilty and unhappy again. Her peers and friends hated her and she became alone again. But once she apologized to everyone who she hurt, she felt relieved, happier, and more content.

Fam n F i n : Par l Me Cady has parents who are caring, loving, and very close to her. Cady’s parents support her all the time and they always want to be updated about Cady, especially during her first few days of school. In regards to friends, Cady started school with no friends, but she found Janis and Damian to be her true friends. Unfortunately, there was a time that Cady lost her friends and peers as a result of her conforming with the “Plastics”. But although she had arguments with her friends, Janis and Damian, they were able to forgive Cady and they became friends again.

Sex Par

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qu

Cady is not in a romantic relationship and not sexually active. However, Cady has a crush on Aaron Samuels, one of her classmates in Calculus class and an ex-boyfriend of Regina.

Cady was desperate to talk to Aaron and to be with him to the point that she purposely failed her Calculus test so that Aaron could tutor her. Aaron initially did not like Cady since he still likes Regina and also at that moment, Cady was starting to act like Regina. However, towards the end of the movie, Aaron started to like Cady, especially after Cady admitted her mistakes and apologized to everybody.

es

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Cady does not use any illicit drugs. However, there was a moment in the movie where Cady hosted a party at her house when her parents were out to watch a concert and she drank alcohol with her school peers who attended the party. She also drank alcohol when she attended a Halloween Party that was hosted by the “Plastics”.

(Cady with alcohol, n.d.)

(Janis and Damian, n.d.)

(Aaron and Cady, n.d.)

Bod I g : Met Cady does not really express any insecurities on her body. She only stated that she has bad breath in the morning when her “friends”, Regina, Karen, and Gretchen, were looking at the mirror and each of them were complaining about their imperfections or insecurities of their bodies and then they looked at Cady and waiting for her to say something unpleasant about her body.

(Mean girls with insecurities, n.d.)

Con

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#1 Nut

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Concern: Cady appears to be healthy due to her good body figure; however, she consumes fatty and sugary foods such as potato chips and soft drinks. Cady does not have a well-balanced diet.

Interventions: 1. Since Cady’s parents can pack her lunch, instruct Mr. and Mrs. Heron to pack lunch for Cady that consists of a variety of foods such as fruits, vegetables, dairy products, protein, and grains.

2. Instruct Cady to limit intake of food that is high in saturated fats, trans fats, and sugar such as potato chips and soft drinks and encourage Cady to increase her intake of fiber (26 grams/day).

3. Teach Cady the importance of acquiring a well-balanced diet and not restricting her calorie intake since she is in the stage of growth and development in which her growth is rapid and her metabolism increases.

(Perry et al., 2014; Sommer et al., 2013)

#2 Ph ic D el

n

Concern: Cady is about 5 feet and 4 inches tall and weighs about 54 kg. Her height and weight made her to have a body mass index (BMI) of 20.6, which is considered within the normal range. However, Cady needs to build her muscle mass to be more toned and stronger and she needs to involve herself in physical activities since she lives a sedentary lifestyle.

Interventions: 1. Encourage Cady to join sports such as soccer at North Shore High School.

2. Encourage Cady to walk or run with her friends, Janis and Damian, for about an hour each day as a form of exercise.

3. Encourage Cady to perform strengthening exercises such as weight lifting with her friends during their free time.

(Perry et al., 2014)

(Healthy eating plate, n.d.)

(Physical activity, n.d.)

Con #3 Soc

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Concern: At one point of Cady’s story, she experienced role confusion in which she cannot seem to figure out her real identity. Despite of being part of a popular teen clique, Cady was unhappy of the outcome of her popularity. She lost her real friends and her parents who love her so much became disappointed of her.

Interventions: 1. Educate Cady and her parents the importance of open communication.

2. Encourage Cady to express her true feelings to her friends and family.

3. Encourage Cady’s parents to always understand Cady’s viewpoints as a teenager, to be always present for Cady and to be her companions, to provide her information that she needs, and answer any questions she has as she is trying to find her identity.

(Perry et al., 2014)

#4 Saf

T ac

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The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) project aims to ensure that nursing professionals have the skills, attitudes, and knowledge needed to improve the quality of care and to increase the level of safety in providing care in all healthcare settings (QSEN Institute, n.d.).

Concern: Cady exemplified drinking behavior in the movie. Cady drinks alcohol during parties, which is not permissible since she is only 16 years old. For instance, Cady drank alcohol when she attended a Halloween Party that was hosted by the “Plastics” and when she hosted a party in her house. Drinking alcohol, especially that she is still a minor, may pose danger to her as she is more at risk of being involved in a motor vehicle accident.

(Communication, n.d.)

Interventions: 1. Teach Cady to learn to say “no” to any substances such as alcohol.

2. Educate Cady that alcohol can cause poor judgment in which can make her do unsafe practices such as unsafe sexual activity.

3. Educate Cady that alcohol can cause poor coordination which can lead to a motor vehicle accidents when she drives under the influence of alcohol.

(Perry et al., 2014; Sommer et al., 2013) (No alcohol, n.d.)

Ref

ce

Aaron and Cady [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://cdn.playbuzz.com/cdn/59fc3266-ca5e-4800-8cb6-1a6019b3df03/1d37f49c-7fbc-4709-9a79-f09dc2cb0a25.jpg Cady and Regina [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://virtualfeastgallery.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/meangirlsimage3.jpg?w=1180 Cady in Africa [Online Image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://i.pinimg.com/originals/36/23/9a/36239ad40746c765cb0124459d749fd4.jpg Cady on the toilet [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://vignette.wikia.nocookie.net/meangirls/images/0/07/Cady_at_Toilet.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20160126055120 Cady’s friends [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/535ea47f22a30c60190002f5/master/pass/mean-girls-anniversary-10-years.jpg Cady with alcohol [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://i.ytimg.com/vi/tO07InCjcLs/maxresdefault.jpg Chip and Betsy [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://img.buzzfeed.com/store-an-image-prod-us-east-1/BJDJ1kMdb.png?output-format=jpg?output-format=jpg&downsize=660:*&output-quality=auto Classic Cady [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.gosocial.co/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/original-grid-image-23945-1493374142-4.jpg Communication [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://ronneb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/effective-online-communication.jpg Gretchen, Regina, Cady, and Karen [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.quoteambition.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/mean-girls-quotes-sayings.jpg Healthy eating plate [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://cdn1.sph.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2012/09/HEPJan2015.jpg

Ref

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Janis and Damian [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://wsbuzz.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/1050448_Mean_girls_social_c055b52f7e9bad6607e764b358eb450f.jpg Karen, Cady, and Gretchen [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.out.com/sites/out.com/files/2015/12/21/mean_girls.jpg Mean Cady [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://vignette.wikia.nocookie.net/meangirls/images/0/04/Cady_Promo.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20160126055118 Mean girls [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.indiewire.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/mean-girls-feature.jpg?w=680 Mean girls with insecurities [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://pussywhippedco.files.wordpress.com/2015/12/slide02.jpg?w=610 Michaels, L.(Producer), & Waters, M. S. (Director). (2004). Mean Girls [Motion Picture]. USA: Paramount Pictures Corporation.

No alcohol [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://dennisheppner.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/no-alcohol.jpg Perry, S. E., Hockenberry, M. J., Lowdermilk, D. L., & Wilson, D. (2014). Maternal Child Nursing Care (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby: Elsevier Physical Activity [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.daily-sun.com/assets/news_images/2017/07/25/020-physical-workouts.jpg QSEN Institute. (n.d.). QSEN competencies. Retrieved from http://qsen.org/competencies/pre-licensure-ksas/ Sommer, S., Johnson, J., Roberts, K., Redding, S. R., Churchill, L., Elkins, C. B., & Roland, P. (2013). RN nursing care of children review module edition 9.0. (9th ed.). Leawood, KS: Assessment Technologies Institute Winter Talent Show [Online image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.evilbeetgossip.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/mean-girls-jingle-bell-rock.jpg