by teens for teens

FOR TEENS by teens

SEPTEMBER 2020

THE EVOLUTION EVOLUTION

OF

In this month's issue, we published several different articles based on... evolution!

Check them out!

grade grade 9! grade 9!

9! escolaconcept.com.br

by teens, for teens editorial board Editors

Jade Torres Raul Paraná

Creative team

Clara Faiçal Fernando França Gabriel Azevedo Júlia Santana Quézia Dias

about the cover This month's project is all about change.

You never know what will happen in life, and at this age, you might wonder how things have changed since your parents' time or what the future will hold for you.

This photo was chosen because in this magazine learners approach change from their own individual point of view to talk about topics of their interest photo by lex photography

a work done by 9th grade with much love to showcase our development

contents

Pg 04

Is the media going to be more diverse in the future?

Pg 08

The evolution of rap!

Pg 15

How has the use of illegal drugs

Pg 19

among teenagers changed to worse?

Funk's evolution

Pg 24

How is the Covid-19 pandemic

Pg 28

Has cinema really improved?

Pg 35

affecting our world?

Is One Direction one of the biggest and most influentional boy bands of all time?

�S THE MEDIA GOING TO BE MORE DIVERSE IN THE FUTURE? By: Alex PondÊ, Alice Souza, Carolina Romero, and Clara Faical PAGE | 04

IS THE MEDIA GOING TO BE MORE DIVERSE IN THE FUTURE? Representation in the media is a really discussed subject nowadays, as everyone wants to feel represented by what they see on the media. In the advertising field this is a very problematic topic, because some of it still has very old fashioned ideas, while very little of it is actually showing diversity. As people are starting to speak up about this matter, many of us wonder when will the media change for the better and how long will it take. Although we believe that media will get more diverse in the future, it will not be overnight: media changes focus based on their interests, most advertisements have outdated ideas and standards.

The interest of the media always comes first. During World War II a campaign was organized so that women would be recruited to work due to the necessity to fill millions of jobs that were abandoned when the men left for the war. The propaganda, which implicitly targeted middle class white women, was a challenge. The idea of people from this group working was very stigmatized

(even though working/middle class women of color already worked for wages). This campaign generated posters, billboards, films and radio announcements urging women to join the workforce. Although this propaganda may seem “progressive”, it is actually a string of hope that women would fill the parts of the men who were fighting at the war so that the country would not collapse. This is confirmed by the 50s propaganda that goes back to be very “tradicional”, reason being that women are no longer “necessary” because men were back. Since (white) female workers were no longer an interest of the media, it was now trying to convince them to go back to what they used to do and so they specified gender roles as much as they could. Men are depicted as breadwinners and women as homemakers. This can be seen done today in big events like the pride parade in which companies make rainbow products all month long and use the celebration as an excuse to capitalize on it and make profit for themselves.

(40s)

(50s)

PAGE | 05

(60s)

1950 just called, they want their advertisements back. Although there are lots of ads that pretend to be empathetic to a cause just to get money, but end up representing a certain group, they are still a minority, most of the ads nowadays portray the same old fashioned ideas that the media presented as the absolute truth about 70 years ago. These ads are all over the internet representing all products they can. For example we have the PEP vitamins ad “so the harder a wife works, the cuter she looks!” from 1930. Furthermore, years later, we have the Mr. Músculo (brazilian cleaning brand) where they emphasize that housekeeping is a woman’s work from 2015. Even though they are several decades apart, advertisements still portray society in the same way. As another example, there is the Carnation Breakfast Essentials ad, where there is a mom taking care of her kids while the dad is going to work. Media holds onto these stereotypes so much that nowadays any product can be advertised with a traditional mom taking care of the house, this can be confirmed by a study done by Kantar Ibope Media, where it shows in which commercials women appear as the main character and the percentage of women being the main of that branch. The three branches women appear more as main characters in ads are: cleaning products, food and personal hygiene, with 89% , 88% and 76% respectively. This, intentionally or not, implies that: women have to be more "clean" or to take care of themselves more, as well as the food and the cleaningness of the household.

”Now that the house is clean, you can start thinking about the personal project that you were dreaming about! muscels to the work!!!”

(Carnation Breakfast Essentials)

PAGE | 06

There are also advertisements and campaigns that show diversity and celebrate it. A good example of that is the Calvin Klein 2020 Pride campaign. One of the models, Jari Jones, whose picture occupied a billboard on Lafayette street, Manhattan, is a fat black trans woman. In a post on Instagram in which she appeared in front of the billboard popping a bottle of champagne she wrote: "It has been such an honor and pleasure to sit in my most authentic self and present imagery of a body that far to often has been demonized, harassed , made to feel ugly and unworthy and even killed. (...)". One of the most shared images commenting on this advertisement was the picture of a Calvin Klein billboard in 2009 and Jones' in 2020 in which it is possible to see how advertising and media has changed. For some this might not be a big deal, but as only 30.4% ( Fall - 2017) women of color are on fashion magazines. It is very important to make people feel represented in the media and like they .belong and that there are other people like them, who can speak out for problems regarding this group and say openly for the world that those people exist and they will not stop existing even if they stop being portrayed on media. Even if not with the right intention they are contributing for a greater cause, advertisements like this are a sign of how things are changing, slowly, but surely are changing.

All in all, the media will change as the years pass by, as it already has, and will continue to do so, but of course maintaining their interests as a priority. Old fashioned ads will still be a thing while our society still feeds on the stereotypes that do not seem to change as we do. In addition, more and more we will start to see all kinds of representation rising and breaking society's rules one by one. There is the need for more representation. The portion of the population that is in fact well represented and accurately represented is very little. Today's advertisements have come a long way, however, there is still a long way ahead of us.

PAGEÂ | 07

T HE EVOLUTION OF RAP! By: Ana Couy and Malu Maia

PAGEÂ | 08

THE EVOLUTION OF RAP The

word

from

the

I

Poetry.

The

important musical genres that has

rhythm was born in Jamaica, in the

ever existed. I don't say that because

1960s it became popular with the

it is my favorite genre, but because

appearance of sound equipment. In

of the message, the meaning, the

the early 1970s, Jamaica suffered a

story behind it. Rap music used to

major

social

crisis

be about growing up in the hood,

.Due

to

Jamaicans

having a rough life and taking care

migrated to the USA, bringing with

of your family. The children of the

them their culture and music. Thus,

black

rap

United

raised in the streets during a time in

States. In this way, rap, which was an

which the black community faced

obstacle faced by the inhabitants of

oppression.

English

rap

comes

Rhythm

spread

and

this,

And

economic many

throughout

the

think

rap

is

one

community

of

were

the

most

normally

ghettos, quickly spread to the poor population that lived in the suburbs of North American capitals.

PAGEÂ |Â 09

ONE OF THE BIGGEST EXAMPLES OF RAPPERS THAT USED TO WRITE SONGS LIKE THAT IS TUPAC AMARU SHAKUR (MOST KNOWN BY 2PAC). HE IS CONSIDERED BY MANY TO BE ONE OF THE MOST INFLUENTIAL AND IMPORTANT RAPPERS OF ALL TIME. MUCH OF HIS WORK HAS BEEN NOTED FOR ADDRESSING CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL ISSUES THAT PLAGUED INNER CITIES, AND HE IS CONSIDERED A SYMBOL OF RESISTANCE AND ACTIVISM AGAINST INEQUALITY.

These

themes

nowadays

not

Rap music blew up. The genre has

totally focused only on this. It’s no

become big as famous music genres

longer

like

about

shootings,

the

the tough

streets

and

taking

family.

Nowadays,

are

drive-by life

care rap

is

on of

pop,rock,etcRap

has

taken

a

the

different face, a multicultural one. rap

your

used to be performed only by black

mostly

artists,

now

you

see

lot

making millions, jewelry. We can

backgrounds. One of the world’s most

see a transition from the struggle

respected

on the streets to the success of the

white! Eminem gained the respect of

rap “game”.Different from the old

many

days, rap has become mainstream.

social backgrounds. That's why we

rappers

fans

from

races

of

rappers

rap

different

a

about lots of women, doing drugs,

PAGE | 10

from

can

surprisingly,

all

racial

and

is

and

no

longer

seen

“black”genre

of

as

only

music.

Now everyone is allowed to take the spotlight! Here we can see how high the gender

grew

2018.

mainly

in

——————-——————

can conclude that rap is

———————————-—I even asked some friends how often

they listened to hip hop music in general, and the results were quite high.

RAP

————-—————-

————————- ——————-———-

PAGE | 11

“Conscience” rap used to be the focus of the genre, now we see that it's been

replaced

with

trap

and

other

listen

to

these

artists,

money

they'll

make

Thisimage

of

the

focus

attracted

a

new

the

trap

house.

Drugs,

more

albums they will sell and thus more

sub-genres. The subjects in trap music on

the

on

sales.

wealthy

rapper

generation

of

women, money and fame have taken

performers who saw the money and

the

more

the fame and wanted this as well. This

These

in its turn has led to the shift in topics

spotlight

recently

in

released

subjects

are

modern-day

the

lyrics

rap

heavily rap

of

songs.

glorified

music

and

in

mentioned above, because the newer

this

generation simply wants to show off.

resulted in a loss of meaning within

They

lyrics. But obviously not all artists talk

subculture within Hip-Hop, the flexers.

only about this type of things. Happily

Money, women and fame are without a

I think that there are a lot of rappers

doubt shallow subjects that require no

that still use their songs to express

difficult lyrics when trying to show off

their

their

just how well you’ve done in these

insecurities, everything. Back then, rap

areas. However writing deeper lyrics

used to be a counterculture that was

also meant moving more towards a

against

position as an underground artist, and

deepest

thoughts,

consumerism.

nowadays

the

genre

However, has

fully

created

an

entire

new

they don’t make a lot of money. But I

embraced these things. The genre got

think

drawn

examples of rappers that don’t mirror

into

the

mainstream

music

industry and doing so the number of fans grew. The more people

PAGE | 12

that

there

that new pattern

are

some

good

his

title

through

an

eccentric,

unapologetic approach to creation, all while transforming himself from a blunt-force lyricist to an unguarded,

PEEP

versatile artist.),

RELYT

Tyler, The Creator (he has lived up to

Lil Peep (discusses topics such as depression,

suicide,

sadness,

lost

love failed relationships and overall emotional lyrics.)

PAGEÂ |Â 13

(his

songs

were

initially aggressive, but as time went by

he

started

to

express

all

his

feelings like depression, anxiety, in his music. making millions of young people identify themselves and help

M.CAM

them with his music.)

PAGEÂ |Â 14

...X3

XXXTentacion

Mac Miller (another artist who has always refusing

launched to

diverse

continue

projects, in

the

sameness. in some of his projects he expressed his insecurities and fears)

HOW HAS THE USE OF ILLEGAL DRUGS BETWEEN TEENAGERS CHANGED TO WORSE? By: Antonio Moura and Gabriel Cardoso

PAGE | 15

HOW

HAS

THE

ILLEGAL

USE

OF

DRUGS

BETWEEN

TEENAGERS

CHANGED

TO

WORSE?

According to the Merriam’s Webster dictionary, the meaning of drug is “an illegal substance that some people smoke, inject, etc. for the physical and mental effects it has”. However, it is not just that; at least, between teenagers. The reason of drug use between generations, changed. With a more advanced, practical and “mature” world, the universe of drug use with adolescents did evolve… Consequently, we strongly believe that the use of illegal drugs between teenagers changed to worse due to the easier access, discovering of new drugs, unmask of rumors, entertainment channels influence and “promise of curing all their problems”.

As we said, the world today is more advanced and practical. Revolutionary technologies are created every day facilitating the exposure and visibility to every type of public to drugs; something back then, didn’t exist. In the 80s for example, you had to know someone who knows a dealer, and leave your house.

Sky News affirms that one in four young teenager had seen illegal drugs advertised on social media by dealers. It also presents a poll done with 2,006 16 to 24-year olds, who reported seeing most adverts on Snapchat (56%), Instagram (55%) and on Facebook (47%). With one touch, you are already chatting with a drug dealer where to receive your “precious merchandise”. Teenagers of the “generation Z”, are “pros” in this huge and easy communication sources.

Not hard if they really want it…. A study done in 1997 with 3,139 5th grade to 12th grade students by the “Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Atenção ao Uso de Drogas da Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro” appoint that 6,3% of them have smoked weed. IBGE’s study affirms that from 1,5 million 9th graders in 2015, 9,0% (135,000) have used some illicit drug.

PAGE | 16

27 Bringing back the point of world’s evolution and technological advances, new drugs have been discovered. According to the Senado’s website, crack appeared first in the USA and arrived in Brazil in the 80’s. Crack is a harder and tougher version of cocaine, composed by cocaine and baking soda. In 2003, a Chinese pharmaceutical, Hon Lik, lost his father due to the exaggerated use of cigarettes.

Choosing to stop, Hon Lik created the electronic cigarettes with the idea of having less nicotine (strong addiction component). Therefore, many companies such as JUUL, started creating their electronic cigarettes. This brand JUUL, called the attention of many teens, due to its small size, practical and easy use and different flavors to vape. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a single JUUL pod (plug-in device with nicotine and flavor) contain as much nicotine as a pack of 20 cigarettes.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, also affirms that two thirds of JUUL users aged 15-24 do not know that JUUL always contains nicotine. New drugs discovered results in more alternatives and options to use. Consequently, increasing number of users.

The National Institute of Mental Health, affirms that 6 in 10 early 20’s teen substance abusers have mental disorders. The most common mental illness are depression, anxiety and ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). These diseases present symptoms of consecutive sadness, anti socialization, accelerated mind, unable to stand still, unable to relax. According to the Addiction Center, a study between teens in the USA, appoint that 35% of them with ADHD have used one or more substance. Only 20% of them without the disease, reported the same. Teens with these conditions, are open to ways of reducing their cause. Thus, it is easy for them receiving a substance with a promise of “curing” their sadness, to accept it. And so as they inject, smoke, drink, smell the substance, their dopamine levels are stimulated making them seem their happy. As they think their getting rid of their bad days and “eternal” sadness, they are getting into something worse, addiction and dependence.

70

PAGE | 17

Alana Anderson, an American child custody officer, graduated from college in 1969, "My generation was told that marijuana caused acne, blindness, and sterility," she said. "It was a scare tactic rather than an education tactic."

This was a method the government used in the 60’s. Spreading rumors between the teens, scared them off for a while. Nobody wants acne, especially in the teen period. Nonetheless, more rumors started to appear later on. Books like, The Truth About Drugs -- The Body, Mind and You by Gene Chill and John Duff asserted that cocaine wasn't addictive. Thus, more and more information unmasking these rumors were discovered and spread through the teens.

Consequently, the number of drug users and “have tried drugs”, got worse due to truth break from adults/authorities.

We are influenced by everything we hear, see, our frequented places, socializing environments, etc. The media is something extremely persuasive. Everything we see and hear in it, we believe it is correct. We get attached to things in television, songs, movies, artist pictures that we want to do the same. A celebrity using any substance, portraits that it’s something normal, they get encouraged by it.

Adults have a stronger and more mature filter.

However, with teenagers, in their mind formation process, ingenuity, do not. So that's why you see a lot more teenagers start into drugs than adults, what you usually see are adults that are addicted to drugs since they were young.

After some studies, interviews, data, it is in evidence that drug use between teenagers got worse. Through the passing of time, technology evolution and world changing, new reasons have emerged and led to an increase in drugs.

With this same “evolution” status, we hope that it is used for good and very soon efficient ways to support the decrease of drug use, will come out.

PAGE | 18

F UNK'S EVOLUTION BY: Bella Borges and Renata Aguiar

PAGE | 19

FUNK'S EVOLUTION Can the funk musical genre be considered an evolution? In our point of view, we think so, but we will explain this in the development of the text, but it depends too on the concept of evolution, considering that this rhythm has many different styles, such as funk pop, funk carioca, eletrofunk and much more. Nowadays funk suffers a lot of prejudice, since most people don’t know the history behind this musical style and generalize them only by the sexualized funk. The Brazilian funk is growing and gaining a lot of popularity inside and outside the country, and even international artists, as Jennifer Lopez, are making songs in that genre and feats with Brazilian artists, for example Snoop Dogg participated of the song “Onda Diferente” with Anitta and Ludmilla, two singers of this style.

The funk came up from the USA (United States of America) in the 1960’s decade, a mixture of jazz, blues, soul and gospel, popular black rhythms that were “trending” in that time, having James Brown as one of the most important and known artists from that genre. In the 1970’s decade, this style of music came to Brazil and started spreading along the suburbs through the dancing balls. When James Brown’s songs along with Electronic songs came to Brazil, the community had the idea to put them together. The rhythm was so cool that even the radios started to put, and that was when funk started to gain more fame.

Through the years this genre evolved and developed, generating a lot of different subgenres that we know nowadays.

PAGE | 20

We know that for some people it is hard to see this, but Funk actually had an evolution! Look at how many different styles, songs and artists this genre has and how the songs changed through subgenre and time.

The most recent style of funk is the accelerated funk, known as 150 bpm (beats per minute), in which the bounty returns, but with more intensity and speed than the “old” funk. When we talk about evolution, we are not saying that it became better, but we are saying that it changed. And we think that each person has their own opinion about it. Some of them will think that funk is getting worse through time, some people think that it is getting each day better, some just don’t have an opinion about it.

As we said before, this genre has many different sub genres. Some of the most popular ones in Brazil nowadays are the “Funk pop”, that mix both of the genres, and some of its artists are Anitta, Ludmilla and Nego do Borel and the “Funk pesadão”, that has as it strong characteristic the explicit lyrics, having MC Lan and MC WM as two of its artists. Even with all this fame, funk is losing its essence. Nowadays the songs are more sexualized than in the old days. In the past it served as a way of refuge, a way of asking for peace. The songs are going from bad to worse when we talk about this. If you get the lyrics of some popular funk songs, you will see a lot of women being sexualized. That's awful!

The Brazilian Funk is becoming bigger each year, in Brazil as well as other countries, such as the United States, Mexico, Portugal, Argentina, and so much more. A lot of international artists started to incorporate Brazilian funk in their songs and people are listening to it without knowing that it is funk. Artists as Jason Derulo, with the song “Savage Love”, Jennifer Lopez, with the song “El Anillo” and Mastiksoul, with the song “Tou na moda”.

We believe that it is important for people to know that, because the Brazilian Funk, a Brazilian style, is inspiring a lot of big international artists, that are doing collabs with Brazilian artists and are doing it for themselves, making it spread around the world, and consequently making it more famous. That is amazing,because you can perceive the proportions that funk is having and how this style is growing as the

PAGE | 21

years are passing. Fortunately, it is becoming more and more popular, and the number of listeners is just increasing.

Just to have an idea of how big is Funk right now, here is a graph of most listened Brazilian Funk songs until 2019 with data of how many plays these songs has on 2020 on Spotify and YouTube.

Each year the most listened artists changes, and the list of 2018, the top 10 most popular Funk artists outside of Brazil were Anitta, on 1rst place, MC Fioti on 2nd, MC Kevinho on 3rd, MC Zaac on 4th, DJ Yuri Martins on 5th, Dennis DJ on 6th, Nego do Borel on 7th, MC G15 on 8th, MC Jhowzinho and MC Kadinho on 9th and the last one, Jerry Smith on 10th place. We did a graph with the 2020 data of the monthly listeners on Spotify to see if people still listen to their songs as much as they used to listen.

PAGEÂ |Â 22

Even if it seems the opposite, the Funk can be considered an evolution, as we explained before. You can't judge a musical style without knowing its history, how big it is and what it means for the people. A lot of people generalize and judge funk only by one sub gender, that is the explicit one, and say that it didn’t evolve. I hope that these people after reading this text, maybe change their minds and if it didn’t change, search more about this genre, the varieties of the styles and the songs, and then share your thoughts.

PAGE | 23

H OW IS THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AFFECTING OUR WORLD? BY.: Bruna Dias and Fernando França

PAGE | 24

!YCNEGREME

Nowadays in the current scenario, the world is going through difficult times, that we would never imagine that one day all this would actually happen. According to the WHO (World Health Organization) Everything originated on December 31, 2019. When the Wuhan Municipal Health Commission reported several cases of pneumonia and flu, in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China. Later in the same day, a novel coronavirus was eventually identified. weeks later, the Covid was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.

However on march 11th, everything turned upside down! Now the virus has become a global pandemic, and we will have difficulties until we go back to what we were before. Even after the pandemic, people believe that we will not socialize in the same way as we used to do. For example, in crowded places, such as the airport, the use of masks will be necessary. The airport is a place where there are many people from different countries, and consequently there are several viruses circulating in the air. The airlines and airports always take care about transmitting viruses, but this is beyond what they can do.

91-DIVOC

HOW IS THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC AFFECTING OUR WORLD?

Allso due to the pandemic, the whole world took a big shock, the fear and despair of being contaminated, spread everywhere.

This pathology resulted in new cases appearing, more people losing their lives, doctors sacrificing for a greater good, and even scientists from around the world are running against time to develop a vaccine that can prevent in masse the population. But if we started to think about the future, probably after the events of this pandemic, many behaviors and activities that used to be part of our daily routine, or will be adapted to a new future reality or maybe they will be totally extinct . For example, in crowded places, such as the airport, the use of masks will be necessary. The airport is a place where there are many people from different countries, and consequently there are several viruses circulating in the air. The airlines and airports always take care about transmitting viruses, but this is beyond what they can do

PAGE | 25

According to the International Monetary Fund it is especially true that the digital economy, and with the rise of digital behavior such as remote working and learning, telemedicine, and delivery services.

Other structural changes may also accelerate, including regionalization of supply chains and a further explosion of crossborder data flows. The future of work has arrived faster, along with its challenges—many of them potentially multiplied—such as income polarization, worker vulnerability, more gig work, and the need for workers to adapt to occupational transitions. This acceleration is the result not only of technological advances but also of new considerations for health and safety, and economies and labor markets will take time to recover and will likely emerge changed. Also according to Estado de Minas saude, a research carried out by Toluna, several interviewees pointed out that, some of the customs acquired during social isolation must continue to be part of their daily lives. Among them, the habit of hand hygiene (59.5%), cooking (49.6%), taking online courses (43%) and going to the market or pharmacy only in essential cases (40.6%). it is believed that the manifestation of the desire to continue these habits shows that people are able to reinvent themselves, and that, therefore, they adapt to situations and transform them into productive points. In addition, the psychiatrist believes that due to the greater attention devoted to physical and mental care, some practices aimed at this purpose also tend to earn the title of "new normal". "The routine of a more balanced diet and techniques that promote more tranquility, serenity and mental health, such as yoga and meditation can also be aspects capable of continuing to be part of the lives of several people." Still, for the psychiatrist, online sales and delivery services also tend to continue in the postpandemic scenario.

However one of the most shocking things about the Coronavirus , is the number of infected and the number of deaths caused by it.

According to the BBC News, currently on 8/24/2020 The total number of cases is: 23,381,991 and of deaths is: 808,693. We can clearly observe this surreal situation, in a graph developed by : Worldometers, showing a distribution of cases in big countries like: USA, Brazil, Russia, India and others. Although the main question is: “How covid 19 pandemic is affecting our world?

With the arrival of this virus, several sectors were strongly affected, such as the global economy, the educational sector, tourism, entertainment, the health sector and even social relations. All of them have been dramatically modified to be adapted to the current scenario. We can see this clearly in education systems around the world, leading to the general closure of schools, universities and colleges. Where approximately 1.716 billion students have been affected. According to UNESCO monitoring, 188 countries have implemented closures across the country and 5 have implemented local closures, impacting around 99.4% of the world's student population. The implementation of distance learning, with online classes, has been the solution adopted in many countries and is considered the best way to continue the school year. The world economy has already lost 1.5% of GDP, equivalent to U $ 1.2 trillion.

PAGE | 26

This in the tourism sector, an estimate released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Industry / trade, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), known as the "club of rich countries". predicts a significant reduction in world growth in 2020 compared to the previous year, China is responsible for one third of the manufactures in the world and leader in the export of consumer goods. But the so-called "factory of the world" activity has been halted in an attempt to stem the spread of the disease.

The impact was felt in the productive chair of large companies, such as Diageo, JCB and Nissan, which are based on Chinese production and more than 300 million workers. Major changes in the stock exchanges, where stakes in companies are traded, can affect investments in pension funds and individual savings. The last week of February, it was observed, the worst performance in the market since the economic crisis of 2008. We can also see drastic changes in the social sector. Because now most of all of us are experiencing social distance, many are wearing masks, and this is making relationships more difficult.

OUR

FUTURE?

The studies (Brooks et al (2020) carried out a systematic review on the subject, including studies related to outbreaks or epidemics between 2004 and 2019. Of the 3166 published articles selected, 24 were included in the review.) indicate negative psychological effects such as symptoms of post-traumatic stress, depressive symptoms, sadness, substance abuse, confusional state and irritability. The prolonged psychological impacts generated by all this isolation situation, can last up to three years afterwards, and that the historic of mental disorder is a risk factor for the greater durability of negative psychological impacts. In today’s world, we will all experience a new normal, an adaptation of the world to the new criteria established by the organizations in order to reduce to the maximum the design of a catastrophic graph of 2020.

PAGE | 27

H AS CINEMA REALLY IMPROVED? BY.:Gabriella Gagliardi and Pedro Sapucaia

PAGE | 28

HAS CINEMA REALLY IMPROVED?

Everyone loves going to the cinema, watching a movie while eating popcorn, it's always fun! But before talking about the current cinema, taking a look at the past will help us to understand the improvement of it in a better way. Cinema went through several transformations before it became the cinema that we know, and these transformations are important for us to understand its improvement in a better way. The quality of films has changed a lot, also the way of telling stories and filming has passed through several transitions and will keep changing as time keeps passing. But the main question here is, has cinema improved during time?

First, we will start comparing old films, and new films.

The first film ever was called “L'Arrivée du Train à La Ciotat “ It was filmed by the Lumiere brothers, and it was made on a train station localized in Paris, the film has 1 minute and It shows a train arriving at the station. The film is in black and white, and it was shown for the first time on December 28 of 1895 at the Grand Cafe.

Thankful to that film, it was able to invent new films, so that the cinema story can keep on improving and progressing. If we go to 1923 the film “ O Homem Mosca “, was still in black and white but it was a total success and a big evolution when talking about cinema movies, different from the first one, This film has 1 hour and 14 minutes approximately! A big difference when comparing with our first film that has only 3 minutes of duration. But in terms of quality, the film hasn’t still improved that much.

PAGE | 29

.........................

The first-ever colored film was released in England for the first time, the film was filmed by Edward Raymond Turner in 1902. “This is the first naturally colored film in history. At the time, producers used to paint and with Turner's method, colors were captured photographically ” said Edward.

Based on all that shown above, you can understand previously how the films were in the past, but to compare old films with the new ones, and to be able to see the cinema improvement, you still need to take a look at nowadays films.

Harry Potter 1, such a popular movie that has caught a lot of hearts during the time, Harry Potter is really famous even nowadays, not just for the awesome history behind it, but also for being such a big step for the improvement of cinema. The film was first released in 2001 and was made based on a book, created by J.K Rowling. The film has collected US $975 millions at the cinema box office all over the world at the time. Was indicated for the Oscar in the categories of Best visual arts and best figurine.

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______ Another good example of nowadays films is Avatar. We know that this film is not that new, but is still considered a milestone in cinema history. Avatar first release was on December 10th of 2009, the film was first shown in 2d and 3d, also the film for the first time has a combination between, actors and virtual

______

animation.

In the picture shown above, you can see previously how the quality has changed, Avatar was not just a milestone for cinema history but is also a milestone for the quality development of cinema.

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Films little timeline

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On the imagens above you can take a better look at the improvement of quality, as a timeline.

But what made this film so much better than the other ones?

Well nowadays films are coordinated by big companies, that have high camera quality that will make you feel like if you were there with the actors, there are much more new technologies at the movies companies that weren’t there before, so it’s obvious that the film is going to be much better, we can see better-produced films, with a lot of special effects, like 3D effects that make the film much more interesting, the nowadays films also have incredible sounds effects, and even music behind the film scenes. People have run away from the first exhibition of the Lumiere brothers, and now there are even people that sleep in the cinema!!

Is possible to see that the cinema and its films have been through a lot of transitions and changes, not just the quality but everything is much better than how it was before, so it is obvious that the cinema has improved in every each term, but the quality has improved in such a big way, the way that movies quality have evolved is insane, compared to the last movies nowadays movies are much more realistic and vivid, what is such a great improvement for the cinema.

A great way to show how much the cinema has improved is looking at the cinema box admissions during time, what is going to be shown in the graphic layout down there.

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As shown is possible to see that this big growth in North America cinema box revenue is connected with the improvement of cinema, that’s because during time teens and adults are becoming much more interested in movies, not just because the quality of the film itself has changed, but also because the film’s contents are changing more and more each day!

A great cinema improvement that is shown recently is a new type of screen In the graph below you will be able to see the UK cinema admissions by year, which will show the number of tickets sold and the quantity of money they get all together.

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In conclusion, if we get our first film “L'Arrivée du Train à La Ciotat “ and compare it with a 2019 movie there is no way that someone will say that the cinema hasn’t improved, that's because is more than clear to see the difference between those two films in terms of quality, content, effects, animation, sounds & songs effects, etc. The films have been through such a big process of improvement, and hopefully, it will keep evolving more and more day by day. I can’t wait to see the next steps that the cinema will take to improve itself.

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IS ONE DIRECTION ONE OF THE BIGGEST AND MOST INFLUENTIAL BOY BANDS OF ALL TIME?

By Júlia Santana & Quézia Dias

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IS ONE DIRECTION ONE OF THE BIGGEST AND MOST INFLUENTIAL BOY BANDS OF ALL TIME? Many must know a famous boy band, made up of five young British men, who marked a generation and whose music delights millions of fans, even after a few years of the band's hiatus. Since the formation of the band in 2010, the boys have won several awards, broke records, and delighted the hearts of a legion of fans (they still do, but in a solo career, as you can see in the graphic below!).

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It is notorious that One Direction occupies a place of great weight in the teen music industry, mainly, and we must highlight its importance. In this bias, the band should be considered one of the biggest and most influential in history, whether taking into account a more “Exact” view (number of views and streams and important marks, comparing to other big boy bands) and/or a more “Human” (basically, the influence that One Direction establishes in the lives of fans).

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First of all, you probably know The Beatles (considered the first boy band, in fact) and the Backstreet Boys (one of those responsible for the explosion of pop in the 1990s), right? Even though they are from different times, with One Direction being the most current among the three bands, we will compare them: on YouTube, the Beatles' most-watched video, "Don't Let Me Down", has 291 million views; "I Want It That Way", by Backstreet Boys, has 803 million; and "What Makes You Beautiful", by 1D, has an incredible 1.1 billion views, thanks to the great legion of fans, who, like me, love watching this nostalgic video clip, even after years of the band's hiatus.

Furthermore, now talking about the biggest concert each band has ever done, The Beatles opening “1965 US tour” concert at Shea Stadium, NYC (it was the first time a major sports area was used as a music venue) sold out 55,000 tickets in seventeen minutes. In addition, the “Into the Millennium Tour” was the Backstreet Boys' fourth tour in support of their third studio album, Millennium (1999). The tour comprised 123 shows in 84 cities, covering three stages: the North American stage featured concerts in arenas and stadiums and became one of the fastest box office tours of all time. And finally, the “Up All Night Tour” by One Direction held 128 shows, making it the tenth most profitable tour of the year (2011-2012), with US$114 million. So, One Direction has the necessary visibility to be compared with other incredible and gigantic bands that marked the time.

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Besides that, one of the other things that make them one of the best boy bands, is that they didn't just affect people with their music, they were much more than artists to their fans, they were like salvation, a refuge, a Sun when everything was dark, for many, MANY fans. During a hard time, lots of directioners watch their videos to try to forget the problems. They bring happiness to their fans. A feeling that some of them don’t feel constantly.

They

changed

lives,

opened

minds and they literally saved lives.

Victoria Mares, a 1D fan, wrote to the Odyssey Online

Magazine:

“Whenever

I’m

down,

stressed or feeling left out, their music puts a smile on my face. (...) They show me that I should just keep moving and nothing can drag me down. They’re a nice little distraction to a hard day”. And we can't help saying that the band itself has a history of resilience and perseverance: they ended up third on the reality show XFactor UK in 2010, but they In conclusion, we believe that the British boy

didn't give up and leveraged their career until

band should be considered one of the biggest

they achieved the success that they have

and most influential of all time. In 2020, the year

today, serving as inspiration for many.

of the 10th anniversary of the formation of One Direction,

the

internet

was

taken

over

by

thousands of nostalgic fans who celebrated and remembered the good times of the former members together. This event showed that One Direction is not a band that will stay in the past.

It was a milestone in the lives of many and a milestone in the history of music. We can see the evolution of Niall, Liam, Zayn, Harry, and Louis as artists, even today separated.

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THIS MAGAZINE IS THE PRODUCT OF STUDENTS' LEARNING IN LANGUAGE ARTS AND MATH LESSONS AFTER A PROJECT ON EVOLUTION. TO ENSURE THIS IS A TRUE REPRESENTATION OF STUDENTS' CURRENT LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT, THE TEXTS INCLUDED ARE PRESENTED EXACTLY AS WRITTEN BY STUDENTS. THEREFORE, ERRORS AND MINOR INACCURACIES ARE EXPECTED AND MIGHT BE SPOTTED BY THE MORE CAREFUL READER.