What is Sewage Treatment Plants?
For communities and ecosystems to be healthy, sewage treatment is essential. It reduces disease transmission, provides clean, healthy water for industrial and municipal usage, and contributes to maintaining a lush, thriving environment for future generations.
To be used for industrial or residential purposes, sewage must first go through the primary, secondary, and tertiary phases of treatment. Before the primary treatment process starts, pre-treatment is added in a number of sewage treatment facilities. let’s know them all.
In a sewage treatment facility, big particles are initially removed from the sewage water by passing through screens or a grit chamber. After this, suspended solids settle down during primary sedimentation, which is followed by aeration/mixing in a tank. A coagulant is added as part of the first treatment, which seeks to get rid of any grit, oil, coarse particles, or grease that may be present. Solids (sludge) sediment during preliminary treatment, and an effluent is created that floats on top of the sludge. 45–50% of the initial treatment’s effluent is made up of unstable organic materials. After secondary treatment, the effluent is allowed to settle naturally as a result of bacterial activity.
Despite treating water for reuse, sewage treatment plants still have an impact on the environment. Pollution results from the need to remove leftover residues during sewage treatment. In addition, emissions of greenhouse gases like CO2 and N2O into the atmosphere account for 26% of the carbon footprint.
STPs have advantages and disadvantages. Although it provides fertilisers, energy, lowers the risk to the public’s health, and minimises water pollution, it also creates a strong odour, hybrid bacteria, needs a lot of land, and has an impact on the environment. Technology development will, however, lessen the drawbacks of sewage treatment plants and increase their effectiveness.
