Cambridge IGCSE® Design and Technology Student’s Book Preview

Contents Section 1 Product Design ............................................ 6 11 Getting started .......................................................8 12 Design ideas and techniques ......................... 20 13 Making .................................................................... 36 14 Evaluation.............................................................. 48 15 Health and safety ................................................ 55 16 Use of technology .............................................. 63 17 Design & Technology in society .................... 72 18 Product design application ............................. 78 19 Environment and sustainability ..................101

Section 2 Graphic Products.................................... 108 21 Formal drawing techniques ..........................110 22 Sectional views, exploded drawings and assembly drawings ..........................................115 23 Freehand drawing ............................................120 24 Drawing basic shapes .....................................122 25 Developments ...................................................127 26 Enlarging and reducing ..................................130 27 Instruments and drafting aids .....................134 28 Layout and planning .......................................136 29 Presentation .......................................................139 210 Data graphics ..................................................144 211 Reprographics .................................................148 212 Materials and modelling .............................150 213 ICT........................................................................156 214 Manufacture of graphic products ............159

Section 3 Resistant Materials................................. 164

Section 4 Systems and Control ............................. 228 41 Systems ................................................................230 42 Structures ............................................................233 421 Basic concepts........................................233 422 Types of frame structure members ...237 423 Strengthening frame structures ......240 424 Nature of structural members ..........242 425 Applied loads and reactions .............245 426 Moments ..................................................248 427 Materials ...................................................251 428 Testing .......................................................253 429 Joints in structures ...............................255 4210 Forces......................................................258 43 Mechanisms........................................................265 431 Basic concepts........................................265 432 Conversion of motion..........................273 433 Transmission of motion ......................281 434 Energy .......................................................292 435 Bearings and lubrication ....................295 44 Electronics ...........................................................299 441 Basic concepts........................................299 442 Circuit building techniques ...............305 443 Switches ...................................................311 444 Resistors ...................................................316 445 Transistors ................................................320 446 Diodes .......................................................323 447 Transducers .............................................326 448 Capacitors ................................................328 449 Time delay circuits ................................330 4410 Logic gates and operational amplifiers...............................................335

Section 5 The Project ............................................... 344 Glossary........................................................................359 Index .............................................................................366 Acknowledgements ................................................373

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31 Types of materials .............................................166 32 Smart and modern materials .......................170 33 Plastics ..................................................................173 34 Wood .....................................................................177 35 Composites ........................................................184 36 Metals ...................................................................188 37 Preparation of materials ................................195 38 Setting and marking out ................................199 39 Shaping ................................................................204

310 Joining and assembly ...................................210 311 Finishes ..............................................................222

CONTENTS

Introduction ....................................................................4

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