2021 Spring Los Angeles Collegian

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Collegian Los Angeles

SEARCH FOR JUSTICE

Witness Comes Forward in Andres Guardado Shooting Death

NEIGHBORHOODS

Echo Park Diary Reveal The unhoused sage of Echo Park Lake followed the path of ‘70s flower children. He talked to the Collegian about his journey to find the meaning of life.

An L.A. County sheriff’s deputy shot the 18-year-old Trade Tech and former LACC student five times last June in Gardena. Family and community demand answers for police violence.

Fear gripped his face. He was shot and dying within moments. Seconds earlier, Andres Guardado laughed with two young women before an L.A. County Sheriff ’s Department (LASD) deputy shot him five times in the back on June 18, 2020, in Gardena, an eyewitness says. Natalee Cervantes was one of the last two people to talk with 18-year-old Guardado before he died. She says she saw him fall face down in the driveway of Street Dynamic Autobody, where he worked as a guard. Video shows Guardado ran within moments of the deputies’ arrival. “He just looked so scared. I can just remember exactly how he looked,” Cervantes said. The LASD released surveillance video taken across the street on Redondo Beach Boulevard. Cervantes’ account contradicts sheriff ’s department statements delivered by Capt. Kent Wegener, Cmdr. Chris Marks and Lt. Charles Calderaro. They reported Guardado produced a gun before LASD Deputy

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The Voice of Los Angeles City College Since 1929

Wednesday, April 21, 2021 Volume 186 Number 3

BY JAMES DUFFY V

Getaway: Torres Travels to Tikal

BY HANNAH COBURN

Miguel Vega fired. Cervantes says she heard three shots and saw Guardado struck by bullets before he fell. She left the scene in a white Lexus with her friend Val Silva after the deputy fired. As she pulled away from the shop, Cervantes says she heard a second round of gunshots. Cervantes’ has not spoken publicly until now. She says Vega fired the first three shots at Guardado within seconds of his arrival. “He never pulled out a gun when he was running,” she said, referring to Andres. “That’s when they start shooting.” Guardado’s death leaves open wounds in a family and community demanding answers. Cristobal Guardado says his son was driven to succeed. Andres wanted to become a nurse, then a mechanic. “Andres had a lot of ideas in his mind,” Cristobal said. “He had a lot of dreams. He liked to work and to study.” Cervantes knew Andres about six months before he died. She says he was confident and devoted to his future. She says he avoided drugs and violence. He enjoyed fast cars, working out and Banda music.

Lifetimes are spent looking for meaning. What makes a meaningful life is subjective to each human being. Imagine giving up all material possessions to create beauty, peace and love in your life. This was a common practice in the ‘70s for people known as “flower children.” David Busch-Lilly, age 65, spendt his days living in the unhoused community of Echo Park Lake, which is situated between Hollywood and Downtown Los Angeles. He recalls being in the sixth grade when he met a true free spirit for the first time. “I saw a group from the playground and I was going to go check out these ‘flower children!’” Busch-Lilly said. “All the kids left except one. He was about 16 to 18 years old, and he had blue denim patched jeans, a fringed leather jacket and he was so cool. I thought I’d never be that cool, I could never give everything up for peace and love.” Andres Guardado sits for his high school graduation photo. He graduated on June 6, 2018. Family members say he hoped to become a nurse or mechanic. Photo courtesy of Panish Shea & Boyle LLP.

SEE “GUARDADO” PAGE 7

EDUCATION

Chancellor Urges Early Enrollment; Rejects AntiAsian Violence California Community Colleges Chancellor Eloy Ortiz Oakley discusses the outlook for colleges amid the pandemic response and the plan to return to campus. BY JUAN MENDOZA Student reporters took notes about plans to reopen 116 California community colleges and the vaccine rollout, which Chancellor Eloy Ortiz Oakley discussed during a one-hour Zoom conference on March 25. In addition to discussing the financial aid needs of students throughout the state, Oakley also delivered words of encouragement. The chancellor praised student reporters and thanked them for their work, which he called an important job. He said the reporters at community colleges provide the channel of communication between his office and students. Oakley emphasized the importance of early enrollment for summer and fall 2021 for students who are not graduating. SEE “LACC” PAGE 6

INDEX Opinion & Editorial Reporters Notebook

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Features 5 News 6 Campus Life

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Sports 8

SEE “CONVERSATIONS” PAGE 6

Tips to Survive Protests BY KELIYAH WILLIAMS The rise in police violence and excessive use of force has brought with it a corresponding increase in civil unrest and protests in cities across the nation. The right to peacefully protest is among the most basic and fundamental freedoms afforded to American citizens. Demonstrations can be exhilarating, but they can also get a protester snatched up by police wearing riot gear. So, to help civil agitators survive the demonstration and “fight the power” another day, here are seven tips this reporter discovered after being detained. I was unlawfully arrested on March 25 when LAPD officers evicted the unhoused residents of Echo Park. Since then, I have become more aware of the rights of protesters. 1. If you are in a public place, you have the right to photograph anything you want! You can take pictures of the police, federal buildings, crowds etc. Police may try to intimidate

you and tell you this is not allowed, but that is not a fact! However, this rule may be altered if you are on someone’s private property. 2. You do not need a permit to march in the streets or on the sidewalks as long as you don’t block cars or other pedestrians. Be considerate and share the road. 3. Police can attend protests undercover, so be wary of who you disclose information to. 4. Officers must order a dispersal order before they arrest protesters. If they do not order a dispersal order, do not correct them. This might help you with your case later on if you are detained. 5. You have a right to ask about your charges if you are arrested. 6. Police can and will lie to you. 7. If you happen to be arrested, the only information police need is the information on your driver license. They do not need your phone number, social security number or social media information. Now that you know your rights, you may go out and use your voice!

PHOTO BY LOUIS WHITE Los Angeles Police Department buses transport arrested protesters and journalists to police headquarters for failure to disperse during an unlawful assembly on March 25 in Echo Park, Calif. Police also arrested Collegian reporter Keliyah Williams with more than 180 journalists and observers.

COVID VACCINATION TRAIL

Vaccine Brings Hope for Normalcy to Millennials Members of the under-25 crowd talk about their path to the COVID-19 vaccine and look past any side effects to the life they hope for after the pandemic. BY JONATHAN MONTES They get tips from emails at work or scour websites for the latest information on where younger people can get the COVID-19 vaccine. Help can also come from neighborhood drug stores like CVS and Walgreens or community health centers. The federal government provides the vaccine free of charge to anyone who lives in the U.S. The L.A. County Department of Public Health claims those who seek vaccination will not be asked about their immigration status. Health Department data shows a trend among Millennials. The number of people who have received at least one dose of the vaccine is also charted.

The number of 16 to 29-year-olds who have been vaccinated is 162,718 (9.5%). More young adults have taken the COVID-19 vaccine than the 215,975 people over the age of 80 who had been vaccinated near the end of March. Some newly-vaccinated Millennials hanging out in Koreatown told the Collegian about their experience. Dodger Stadium in Elysian Park is a permanent vaccine center. That is where 21-year-old former LACC student Nicholas Cardona went for his shot. Cardona lives in Los Angeles, and he received the Johnson & Johnson shot. He was able to get the vaccine on his first attempt after his job at Universal Studios sent him an email.

SEE “VACCINES” PAGE 6

PHOTO BY DELIA ROJAS L.A. County Recreation and Parks Department partners with the city of Los Angeles to provide vaccines on April 20, 2021. Residents as young as 16 may make an appointment to be vaccinated at VaccinateLAcounty.com


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OPINION & EDITORIAL

Los Angeles Collegian - Wednesday, April 21, 2021

EDITORIAL

California Governor Faces Staunch Recall Push More than two million Californians want Gavin Newsom out. They can’t all be Republican or labeled ‘Q’. BY MATTHEW RODRIGUEZ For the second time in California history, a recall attempt on the Governor will make it onto the election ballot. Recall organizers submitted 2.1 million signatures by the March 17 deadline. Now it appears a recall election on Governor Gavin Newsom is certain to happen in October. The recall campaign was originally filed on Feb. 21, 2020, weeks before a state of emergency was declared in response to COVID-19, for high taxation and the state’s homeless crisis. However, what may have started out as a partisan effort has morphed into a wakeup call from voters affected by Newsom’s near-unilateral decision to enact coronavirus lockdown policies, which are the strictest in the nation under his invocation of the California Emergency Services Act. A recall election ballot would ask voters two questions. Should Newsom be recalled from the office of governor? A majority vote is required here. The second question is who should succeed Newsom if he is recalled? So far, three prominent Republicans have announced they are running: former San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer, former Rep. Doug Ose, and businessman John Cox who was the runner-up for governor in 2018. Prominent California Democrats have so far presented a united front backing Newsom by publicly supporting him and shoot-

ing down speculation that they would run. According to a Public Policy Institute of California poll, 56 percent of people say they oppose the recall effort to remove Newsom from office, while 40 percent of likely voters say they are in favor of a recall. Democrats and Republicans are split over the recall, though Democratic voters outnumber registered Republicans by a nearly two-to-one margin in California. Among independents, 53 percent oppose recalling Newsom. Despite the good poll numbers, Newsom is not out of the woods yet. Recall supporters turned in well over the number of signatures required to force a recall election. A million and a half signatures were needed and 2.1 million were received. More than 50 percent of Californians would have to say “yes’ to a recall in order to remove Newsom. Ultimately, the recall may end up being a question of voter turnout. In a normal election, a Republican effort to recall Newsom would be dead-on-arrival, a truly Republican-only effort. But this recall is unique because two things can be true. It is true that the Republican recall effort is disingenuous and embittered, to be sure. It is a thinly disguised attack on a democrat who supported controlling the pandemic to much criticism of the GOP in red states which opposed such restrictive measures. It is also true that Newsom has repeatedly enacted laws under his sole discretion as governor that have taken the toll on the lives of the most vulnerable Californians, no matter their political affiliations. One year ago, Gov. Gavin Newsom stood

before news cameras to declare a state of emergency. He delivered the most consequential government action in modern California history: all non-essential businesses closed, and 40 million residents were ordered to shelter in place. The subsequent orders and guidance of daily activities residents were allowed to engage in, delivered by Newsom to Californians on a near daily-basis, were invoked under a state law that gives the governor broad executive authority to respond to state emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic, the first to do so. But executive authority under a state of emergency was not meant to last indefinitely. Now that the pandemic is going into the economic recovery phase, executive authority will cross over into commercial and legislative authority, challenging the decisions Newsom has made. A popular phrase on social media criticizing Newsom’s restriction-flouting French Laundry dinner, “rules for thee not me,” sums up the political hit Newsom has taken. The fact that he dined at a restaurant that averages $350-a-plate while the unemployed masses that his policies created navigated an overwrought EDD system for unpaid benefits also did not do Newsom any favors in the eyes of voters. It looks like the recall is getting his attention. If the governor’s massive new relief package he signed into law earlier this year is taken into account. The $7.6 billion package included one-time $600 payments to low-income Californians, $2.1 billion in small business relief and $400 million for child-care and preschool programs.

The Public Policy Institute of California poll found 70 percent of likely voters favored the package. Seventy-two percent said they favor another budget measure he signed that will provide funding for schools. Newsom launched an anti-recall campaign last week. During an appearance on The View, the governor portrayed the effort as a partisan attack by pro-Trump Republicans on the state’s progressive values, evoking a “who’s who” of fringe ideology largely associated with the right-wing. The greatest hits were featured: rightwing militia group the Three Percenters, insurrection supporters the Proud Boys, Q-anon conspiracy theorists, anti-vaxxers and anti-immigrant Trump supporters. However, the reality of Californians under his leadership does not fit so neatly in the lines of the cast of characters that the governor has named. A year has passed, and the long-term effects of the lockdown are beginning to show themselves. Because the truth is, the economic toll of lockdown has shattered the lives of many Californians, the spiritual toll has been even worse. “Look, we’ve made mistakes; I have made mistakes. But we own them, learn from them, and never stop trying. After all, that is the California spirit,” Newsom has said. He did not specify the mistakes. A lot is riding on Newsom’s ability to oversee a competent vaccine program, reopen schools, and rebound the economy quickly. Sometime later this year, the recall election will happen, and voters will decide if Newsom can correct his mistakes or decide if the damage has already been done.

Collegian Los Angeles City College Visual & Media Arts Department 855 N. Vermont Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90029 323.953.4000 ext. 2832 losangeles.collegian@gmail.com Editor-in-Chief ANGELA JOHNSON Graphics Layout Editor BEATRICE ALCALA Copy Editor ANGELA JOHNSON Managing Editor JAMES DUFFY, DIEGO CHAVEZ CADENA Opinions & Editorial Editor ANGELA JOHNSON Broadcast, Social Media Producers BEATRICE ALCALA, JAMES DUFFY V, DIEGO CHAVEZ CADENA Photo Editor BEATRICE ALCALA Photographers LOUIS WHITE, DELIA ROJAS, WILLIAM B. TORRES Illustrators STEPHANIE KO Designer BEATRICE ALCALA Reporters MATTHEW RODRIGUEZ, WHITNEY GIBSON, WILLIAM B. TORRES, HANNAH COBURN, RONNISHA GUNN, JONATHAN MONTES, SERINA HAYNES, JAMES DUFFY V, DELIA ROJAS, JUAN MENDOZA, ANGELA JOHNSON, KELIYAH WILLIAMS Online Editor-in-Chief DIEGO CHAVEZ CADENA

OPINION

Two Pandemics Don’t Lie Reopening Schools too Soon Will Cost Lives BY WHITNEY GIBSON Parents, students and educational institutions continue to grapple with the repercussions of a year of remote learning, but we should also look back. After all, the world has been through a global pandemic before. Just over 100 years ago, what did the sensible humans of 1918-1919 do during the so-called Spanish Influenza? We are lucky to have historical knowledge from which to draw. Data from the era is abundant because of meticulous military accounting during WWI. Turns out, there was a wide range of reactions to the 1918 influenza pandemic on a city-to-city level. Flu-related information and advisories from local and federal government varied greatly, sending mixed messages to constituents. The U.S. press downplayed the severity of the flu because federal limitations muffled media to stifle anti-war sentiment. Without clear messaging from the

press or federal government, cities and states were left to fend for themselves tactically. Where a person lived and whether they listened to their mayor or president or newspaper affected how seriously they took this extra-deadly flu. In Oregon, the city of Portland paid teachers to make home visits and focus their lessons on “useful” subjects like home economics. Many schools across the U.S., including some universities, taught classes outdoors based on the belief that the virus spread poorly outdoors. Most cities in the United States (and globally) shut down schools at least temporarily, but just like today, there was public pressure to reopen. The data suggests that, just like today, the cities that shutdown the earliest and most strictly faired the best. Denver, CO, for instance, reopened schools and businesses early and saw a deadly second-wave of flu-related deaths in 1919. Overall, cities that reopened early endured spikes in cases that were more devastating than cities that waited longer to reopen. Inversely, scientists and historians say that school closure was one of the most effective tactics cities utilized to curb the flu virus. Now, we have our own new set

of data from this pandemic which seems to mirror that of its predecessor. Countries with earlier and more severe lockdowns, like China, Australia and New Zealand, are enjoying the relative normalcy that comes with lower infection rates. Meanwhile, several countries in Europe brace for a third wave with hospitals once again nearing capacity. If we are to look pragmatically at the data history affords us in this case, the takeaway is clear—human life will be lost if schools are reopened while Covid-19 numbers are too high. We must listen to science, not special interests, when we consider the lives of the millions who attend school in the U.S. Students should continue remote learning until fall, when more people have been vaccinated and schools can function more effectively, with less risk. A somber final note—the flu of 1918 is the deadliest pandemic on record, often called The Great Flu. It is estimated that 675,000 Americans died. As of today, about 548,000 Americans have died of Covid-19. We must prioritize the lives of students, parents, educators and all those who they come into contact with as we negotiate school openings.

Schools Set to Reopen: Safe or Not BY RONNISHA GUNN Schools and programs have been halted amid the pandemic, and for months there has been discussion on whether it is safe to resume in-person learning. Pe r s o n a l l y, I feel it is not safe to reopen schools for in-person learning since some people have not correctly followed the guidelines given by the Centers for Disease Control to maintain social distance and wear masks.

I think allowing young children to return to school without having a good enough understanding of the severity of catching the virus, would be a huge mistake. Cases are most likely going to rise. Most teachers and parents have reported they are frightened by the idea of in-person learning happening so soon because they don’t know what will happen next. COVID-19 infection rates are still at high levels and new variants are declared frequently. The California State University Chancellor Joseph I. Castro remains committed to opening in-person instruction by fall 2021. The ultimate decision will be based on what the public health experts do.

There have also been reports of some colleges opening, students testing positive and having to be sent back to their dorm rooms to self-quarantine for two weeks. Unless people start to take the right precautions, that will keep happening. Both Moderna and Pfizer vaccines are expected to be ready for teens and adolescents before fall, which I believe will increase chances of schools reopening. Although I don’t agree with students going back to school as soon as fall of this year, I do agree that once more people are vaccinated it will be smarter and safer to return to classrooms. The timeline for vaccination of younger children is still unclear.

I think it’s best for now to continue zoom school meetings. This is not the time to be rushing to get back to campus and risk catching and spreading the virus.

I know many parents and children are feeling uneasy and irritated with online learning. I would rather go through those feelings of “cabin fever” than catch COVID-19.

A Simple Cure: Mask Up BY PATRICIA CASTRO VELANDREZ When the COVID-19 pandemic began, no one was sure how to proceed. It was not known exactly how the disease was transmitted, and there was no evidence to certify whether it was a simple flu or a fatal disease. However, as time passed, the disease began to spread at an exponential rate. It transformed itself from an epidemic limited to Asian countries, into a global pandemic. When the research progressed, it became clear there was something that could slow the exponential transmission of the disease: the correct and vital use of masks. Masks prevent person-to-person transmission by coughing or sneezing. Whether surgical or cloth, masks can save lives. The problem is that even now, not everyone is willing to wear a mask for protection. They see it as a coercion or an inconvenience, when the truth is that it could keep you safe in a circumstance when you cannot avoid social proximity or person-to-person contact. True or not, I think that the use of a mask is more than a duty. It is an obligation and not just for me personally. It is an obligation to others. I am acting for the benefit and in

the interest of others, when I wear a mask. A recent study by Pew Research found that Democrats and Republicans are divided on the subject of masks. There is a divide between people who do not like masks, and those who are critical of people who refuse to wear them. For both East Hollywood residents and residents of other parts of Los Angeles County, wearing masks at this point is a must. When we choose to wear masks, it proves we feel some sense of responsibility to protect the health of others. Not just for users and drivers of Uber, Lyft, public transport buses, or people who work in shops and markets, but also for the tenants of buildings and anyone else we may encounter in social settings. I think masks at this point in the pandemic are so important, that anyone who goes into public without theirs should be fined. Anyone can claim that wearing a mask violates their right to freedom. It makes me wonder when my right as a human being is greater than someone else’s right to liberty. It is unfair to superimpose the right to liberty over an individual’s right to health. For the foreseeable future, wear a mask.

Faculty Adviser RHONDA GUESS

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TALK BACK TO THE EDITORS We are interested in what you have to say. Email us at losangeles.collegian@gmail.com @collegianwired facebook.com/collegianwired Check us online collegian.lacc.life

Next Issue: May 5, 2021 Editorial Deadline: May 1, 2021


OPINION & EDITORIAL

Los Angeles Collegian - Wednesday, April 21, 2021

INK STYLE

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OPINION

A VISUAL REPRESENTATION OF THE WORLD AS WE KNOW IT

African Students Lack Freedoms, Necessities Americans Take for Granted BY POUPYGAELLE NGUESTOP

ILLUSTRATION BY STEPHANIE KO

Applicant Overload

TALK BACK TO THE EDITORS We are interested in what you have to say. Email us at losangeles.collegian@gmail.com @collegianwired facebook.com/collegianwired Check us online collegian.lacc.life COURTESY OF LALO ALCARAZ

Many students in America benefit from freedoms that allow them to express themselves at any time. That’s free speech. Whether they organize a protest or meet in a large group, they enjoy protections that support or guarantee their rights. They have the luxury of finding work while they work toward their goals, too. Unfortunately, this is not the case for students in Africa. In addition to being among the poorest in this world, they do not have the freedoms Americans take for granted. Africa is a continent that has around 54 countries, and in most of those countries, students do not attend school. Almost 60 percent of the young people between the ages of about 15 and 17 are not in school, according to the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). This is alarming, and it will get worse unless action is taken. The same study has shown that nine million girls between the ages of 6 to 11 will not go to school at all, compared to six million boys. So, the disadvantages begin early with 23% of girls out of primary school compared to 19% of boys. As soon as they become teenagers, the new rate for girls rises to 36%, compared to 32% for boys. This is gender inequality, and it is a major problem in Africa. Education is a priority for UNESCO where it works to help governments to increase freedom and improve the lack of student amenities such as access to electricity, potable water, adequate classrooms, and the availability of textbooks. The organization also works to reduce the average class size and the prevalence of multigrade classrooms. I believe that students should have the right to healthy and highquality food regardless of wealth, poverty or place of residence. In addition, students should have a right to employment while in school. It would enable them to support themselves and pay for their basic needs. On the other hand, World Inequality Database on Education has highlighted the important influence of circumstances, such as wealth, ethnicity, location and gender. People have little control in this area, but it plays a huge role in shaping their opportunity for an excellent education and successful life. For example, I see in America, almost all students have a right to employment. They work in fastfood restaurants to earn money. They are also empowered to speak out and to write articles. They may even petition school officials on issues related to freedom of speech, which does not exist in an African students’ lives. This is sad because students should be able to express themselves without fear.


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REPORTERS N

Los Angeles Collegian - Wednesday, April 21, 2021

21 Spring Break 20

Guatemala Getaway During COVID-19 Typical vacation destinations are too plain for thrill seekers like Culture Reporter William Torres. He traveled to a country that is underestimated and overlooked by most American travelers and explored the natural beauty and splendor of Guatemala. PHOTOS BY WILLIAM B. TORRES 1) Santa Catalina Arch is one of the most famous landmarks in Antigua, Guatemala. Built in the 17th century, it was originally part of a school convent. The Arch is in the center of town. 2) Tikal is ancient Mayan ruins located in the rainforest on the northern side of Guatemala. On top of The Lost World Temple is the view of the entire Tikal National Park. You can see The Complex Temple and Temple IV. 3) Another magical archaeological ruin is the Center Acropolis, located in Tikal National Park. Central Acropolis is an archaeological maze of buildings forming a series of seven internal patios. 4) One of the most famous Mayan temples in Tikal is Temple I. Located in the Great Pyramid Plaza. Temple I is 47 meters in height and was built in the year 700 AD by order of the governor, Jasaw Chan K’awiil, whose tomb was discovered inside the temple. Temple I is also known as ‘The Big Jaguar,’. 5) On top of Acatenango Volcano is the view of Fuego Volcano. Known as Volcán de Fuego or Chi Q’aq, Fuego is an active stratovolcano. Eruption occurs every 15 to 20 minutes.

BY WILLIAM TORRES

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uatemala has some of the most beautiful scenery in the world.

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There are plenty

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of active volcanos

to hike and spend the night, and beautiful lakes and historic Mayan ruins preserved for centuries. The first stop I made was Antigua. It is an old colonial town surrounded by volcanos in the southern area of Guatemala. Each house in Antigua is beautifully vibrant with pastel colors and old cobblestone streets. Guatemala is such a beautiful country filled with so much to see. There are ocean vistas, colonial towns, stunning views and friendly people. It takes more than two weeks to see all that Guatemala has to offer, which means I will return very soon. For the full version of the Reporter’s Notebook, complete with additional photos, go to collegian.lacc.life

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NOTEBOOK FEATURES

Los Angeles Collegian - Wednesday, April 21, 2021

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ARTIST SPOTLIGHT

VAMA Welcomes Eminent Photographer Celebrated artist lectures about photographs that explore identity, sexuality and nature

BY JAMES DUFFY V

I

n 1516, Sir Thomas More published his masterpiece “Utopia” about the perfect non-space to delight every human sense – the closer people get to paradise the quicker it vanishes. More’s critique of an illusory sensual paradise recalls a series by Mark McKnight “Heaven is a Prison” from 2013. The photographic series, cast in shadows, celebrates the mystique of sexual bondage. Internationally acclaimed photographer McKnight will address LACC students online at 6 p.m. on April 29 at the VAMA Lecture Series. His photographs contemplate imagination, poetry, environment and sexuality. In one of his most compelling works, two Latinx men have sex in a sunny field. While internet inundates society with snapshots of lovers and even pornography, McKnight invites the viewer to reflect on deeper expressions of intimacy. He shows sexuality in a natural dreamscape. The hills the lovers lay upon are covered in waves of high grass. McKnight shows the bodies close, so viewer and photographer are entwined in their lovemaking. He obscures their faces. The off-center vantage of their bodies invites the viewer to project themselves into the subjective space. “I think they are an armature on which I drape my desire,” McKnight said. “And they’re also surrogates for me.” McKnight centers his work on spaces that open a dialogue in the imagination. In another image, an illuminated tree at sunset, or is it sunrise, overlooks a hill. The lit tree peers back from beneath heavy shadow. Venerable institutions showered McKnight with accolades. He won the 2019 Aperture Portfolio Prize, the 2020 Light Work Photo Book Award, the 2020 Rema Hort Mann Emerging Artist Grant, and a Fulbright

Scholarship. McKnight flourished as a student of the San Francisco Art Institute under the instruction of Henry Wessel. Wessel took photographs nearly every day. He developed thousands of prints per year before finding a couple he was satisfied to show. “Only a couple work,” Wessel said in an interview with KQED. “All the rest are failures, but of course, they can all teach you something.” McKnight says he shows the interview to his students every semester. McKnight’s work recalls numerous influences, including one of the SFAI’s founding faculty, Minor White who is well known for his dramatic black and white portrayals of the California coast. SFAI announced on March 23, 2020 it would not enroll students in the fall because of the COVID-19 pandemic. LACC’s darkroom photography program was also halted during the lockdown. McKnight credits his community college education for his success. At College of the Canyons, McKnight learned the skills of darkroom photography. McKnight taught at Chaffey College in Rancho Cucamonga alongside LACC instructional assistant Elizabeth Preger. She met him in a darkroom in 2013. “There is a real beauty to the work, and there’s a formality and there’s a technical mastery that is present,” Preger said. “Those prints are drop-dead gorgeous.” Preger, professor Nicole Bell and VAMA chair Alexandra Wiesenfeld invited McKnight to LACC. “It’s not Hollywood, it’s not porn, it’s everyday bodies shown in a really beautiful way,” Bell said. MCKnight says he avoids perpetuating images of “Adonis-perfect” gay men that sneak into mass media. “At the end of the day they feel like an advertisement for a kind of queerness I’m not interested in buying,” he said. McKnight’s work calls out a part of the spirit that sees past morality and shame. His pictures prevent onlookers from casting their shadow or assumptions over works of nature. McKnight’s work is now on view at the Paul Soto Gallery through April 24 in Los Angeles. The public may attend the lecture at 6 p.m. April 29 through the LACC website at https:// laccd.zoom.us/j/96531442737.

PHOTOS COURTESY OF MARK MCKNIGHT (Top) Men copulate in a field among sunflowers in the High Desert, Calif. (Center) A tree stands over a ridge draped in shadow in the High Desert, Calif. (Bottom) Cloud shadow rolls over grassy hills in the High Desert, Calif.


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NEWS

Los Angeles Collegian - Wednesday, April 21, 2021

FROM “CONVERSATIONS” PAGE 1

FROM “CHANCELLOR” PAGE 1

Chancellor: Wear Masks on Campus

PHOTO BY DELIA ROJAS Busch-Lilly shares his diary and life story with Collegian reporter. LAPD evicted homeless community from Echo Park on March 25, 2021.

‘Temporary’ Resident Shares Echo Park Journey That young man give Busch-Lilly a wire necklace that spelled the word “love.” That is something he would never forget. Busch-Lilly was fortunate enough to achieve some things in life he dreamed about. He lived in a Venice Beach oceanfront apartment and he worked as a mechanic for the Los Angeles transportation industry for a period of time. Still, something seemed to be missing. Busch-Lilly says he left it all behind in the ‘90s so he could dedicate his life to human rights activism. “I didn’t choose to become homeless,” he said. “But I needed to do something more to stand up for what I believe in.” Busch-Lilly says he began struggling to cope within a society that had shown a complete disregard for humanity. He became disenchanted with the “capitalist-run” government of the ‘80s and seeing mentally ill people become homeless. He spent the next seven years studying the bible and being a devout Christian. “I was envious of these people,” he said. “They were all polite, had good jobs, so I wanted to be like that.” As this seventh year ended, Busch-Lilly came home from work one day depressed and miserable. He fasted and prayed, hoping to get an answer to what more he could give to live a meaningful life. Three days later he went grocery shopping in Santa Ana, CA. Busch-Lilly says he watched some Hispanic families talking and hugging one another. And then a miracle happened. “It was like the roof of the market opened up and I felt a waterfall of love drenching me,” he said. “I felt an overwhelming love that I had never felt singing in church or listening to Christian messages. I about fell over.”

Faced with a dichotomy, Busch-Lilly realized the preaching involved with his Christianity journey didn’t compare with the life he remembered of the flower children. The people he saw who lived richly without possessions represented love, even more than walking a socalled Christian path. So, at age 34, Busch-Lilly walked away from the life he had built and started sleeping in his car. He also began publishing a homeless newspaper and working with peace groups like FOODNOTBOMBS. Busch-Lilly made his move to Echo Park Lake eight months ago. “This is by far the most peaceful community of all,” he said. “I am so grateful for the support of the community, and they have been so understanding.” He spends his time working on cardboard necklaces with sayings like, “We’re all in this together!” He sets an example of truly living a peaceful life, spreading love and human kindness. “What makes a human life worthwhile,” he says, “is not what you get, it’s what you give to humanity.” STORY UPDATE Since the last time the Collegian spoke with Busch-Lilly, Echo Park Lake unhoused residents faced a forcible sweep of the unhoused people living in the park. City Council Member Mitch O’Farrell directed LAPD to remove the inhabitants. The park was fenced in and closed to the public as of March 25 and remains so until further notice. The community that once lived in harmony there is now scattered across Los Angeles and neighboring cities. Busch-Lilly was one of last two remaining in the park. LAPD officers arrested, cited and then released him. Busch-Lilly is now fighting to get Councilman O’Farrell’s attention and continues to advocate for homeless rights.

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“We want to get the word out through your fellow classmates to enroll now for summer and fall, so that they have the best chance to get their classes,” he said. Jeremy Villar who is dean of Student Services at L.A. City College encouraged students to enroll in the upcoming summer and fall 2021 semesters as soon as they can. “Enrolling early gives colleges an indication if there is enough student interest in a class,” Villar said. “If class enrollment is low as we near the start date, it may be cut due to low enrollment, which is not good for students who need the class.” The chancellor says economic fallout and health effects of the pandemic caused enrollment to decline. “Many working students have lost hours or lost their job. We want to do everything we can to re-engage with those students,” Oakley said. “And get them back enrolled so that they can get to their educational goals quickly as possible.” The coronavirus surge hit younger students hard as the “disconnection rate” doubled. That is the share of unemployed young adults who are neither enrolled in school nor employed, according to an analysis of U.S. Census Bureau data by the Pew Research Center. That comes to an estimated 10.3 million young adults who are out of work and out of school. State Offers Financial Assistance Chancellor Oakley says scholarships, grants and other financial aid resources are available. Applications are still being accepted for those who

did not apply for the 2021-22 academic year. “There’s a lot of important resources particularly now in this covid environment,” he said. “We want to get as much information to students across the state.” The COVID-19 Economic Relief Bill includes $2.3 billion for community colleges to deal with the effects of the pandemic. Half of those funds will be emergency grants for students. The other half will assist college campuses as they prepare to reopen by fall 2021. Gov. Gavin Newsom included $100 million in student financial aid in an emergency budget package in late February. The grants will help students hardest hit by the pandemic. To qualify, students must be currently enrolled in at least six units, with an earned GPA of 2.0. The student must demonstrate emergency financial need that includes loss of employment. Disabled students must be eligible for social services. “Lots of support has been hitting your colleges to help students directly,” Oakley said. “So, we want to make sure students are aware of those resources.” According to Oakley, community college students in almost every region of California pay “higher net prices” than do students who attend the UC or CSU systems. Assembly Bill 1456 was introduced at the state legislature to make the Cal Grant system more accessible for low-income students. Chancellor Oakley says the state community col-

California Community Colleges Chancellor Eloy Ortiz Oakley

leges fully support the bill. Campus Must Become Haven for AAPI Community The chancellor says all campuses must come together to ensure the Asian American and Pacific islander community is protected on California campuses. Referring to the anti-Asian and Pacific Islander rhetoric and violence that has happened across the state and the country, Oakley was very clear. “We cannot tolerate in any way, shape or form,” Oakley said. “There is no connection between our brothers and sisters in the AAPI community and the causes of COVID-19 or the connection to China.” Back to Campus As the COVID-19 infection rates continue to decrease and vaccines are becoming more available, community colleges are in the planning process of reopening for fall 2021. “Our priority is the health and safety of students, faculty and staff,” he said. “We’re going to do it in a way that maintains [Centers

for Disease Control] guidelines so there is likely to be continued social distancing protocols.” The hybrid model approach will likely be for hands-on instruction and classes that require labs. Also, intercollegiate sports will begin their comeback in the fall. Students may schedule an appointment to get vaccinated at myturn.ca.gov, a state website where students, faculty and staff can register for the vaccine as it becomes available. “I’m very lucky I got my vaccination, so I feel very good about the direction we’re going, and I’m hoping that everyone in the system gets their vaccinations soon,” Chancellor Oakley said. Even with the hope the vaccine brings, he says it is still important to follow the science. “I know that there are some folks particularly in the U.S. Senate who are not wearing masks anymore and questioning CDC guidelines,” the chancellor told reporters. “We need to follow the CDC guidelines and encourage people to continue to wear a mask.”

FROM “VACCINES” PAGE 1

Persistent Vaccine Chase Ends in Success for Many Residents “It was pretty easy. I just had to wait in line for about two hours,” Cardona said. “Once I got in front of the line, they asked me a couple of questions and [I] just got the shot right after.” Cardona had some advice for people who are considering taking the COVID-19 vaccine. “Just be prepared to have a sore arm after and if it’s your second dosage, you might feel like garbage the next couple of days,’’ he said. Food-service worker Alejandro Montano went to Dodger Stadium to get his vaccine as well. The 21-year-old says the medical staff selected the Moderna brand for him. The fourth time is the charm for Montano. First, he tried going to Walgreens, then two other CVS lo-

POLICE WIRE

cations. However, on his last attempt at Dodger Stadium, he succeeded. “Honestly, for a lot of reasons, just so I can’t catch it anymore,” Montano said in reference to a previous bout with COVID-19. “I already had the virus and I don’t want to get [harmed] again.” Montano says he felt some of the virus symptoms after he got the vaccine. “You get some of the COVID-19 symptoms again, but then the next day it is gone,” he said. “The pain in your arm stays a day or two.” One young man traveled from the coast of Southeast Asia to Southern California to attend L.A. City College. Jourdan Ravallino is from Indonesia. The graphic design major received the Pfizer shot at Cal State

Long Beach on his second attempt. He says he planned ahead. “It was pretty quick and easy if you made an appointment,” Ravallino said. “I have another appointment in April.” Ravallino described moderate to strong vaccine aftereffects. “I felt kind of sick . . . It was motion sick. I felt like I wanted to vomit, and it was painful,” he said. “I took an Uber and then a train back to my house from my vaccine appointment.” Paolo Alvarado is a butcher at Bristol Farms and had his vaccine administered in a park near Los Feliz. The 21-year-old Angeleno was successful on his first attempt, although he had tried to find the right website to register for an appoint-

ment at least three times before that. When he searched with his girlfriend, she handled everything. Alvarado received the Moderna vaccine. “As soon as I got the shot, we were seated in an area for like 30 minutes to see if we had any reactions and from there we were free to leave,” Alvarado said. “Yeah. It was a pretty smooth process, not gonna lie. It was alright.” Alvarado tells the Collegian he was somewhat uneasy after he took the COVID-19 vaccine. “It’s a lot of mixed feelings right there,” he said. “I was anxious and nervous the first two and three days after. But now that I’m in like the fourth day, I’m more relaxed about it because the pain has gone away.”


CAMPUS LIFE

Los Angeles Collegian - Wednesday, April 21, 2021

Campus Coalition Supports Unhoused Students BY RONNISHA GUNN There has been an increase in student homelessness since the pandemic started last year. In May 2020, there were reportedly 195,000 homeless students in California, according to Edsource.org. The pandemic has affected homeless students by causing food pantries to close because of the “stay at home” orders. Also, the campuses closures affected access to the free WiFi services students depended on. Student Homeless Action Coalition (SHAC) is a supportive group of LACC students who help provide an online map of resources. The group also offers scholarships. In 2019, they awarded six. In 2020 however, the pandemic affected the number of candidates the club could contact to apply. SHAC member Beni Salazar has firsthand experience with homelessness. He struggled more after the pandemic began. He says he fell behind in his classes, and his grades suffered. “For a long time, I didn’t have any water to wash my hands, brush my teeth, or cook with,” he said. “I didn’t have anywhere to get free water, and it’s a pain paying for it and having to go out every day to buy some. I haven’t been able to attend school since last spring because I no longer have somewhere to use internet and charge my devices.” Salazar says he missed Zoom classes, and he ended up on academic probation twice. He also noticed his mood changed. He says he was irritable and anxious. Daily tasks like catching the bus seemed difficult, and he worried

about catching Covid. A recent study published in the Orange County Register states that 19% of community college students have been homeless in California in the last year. The Hope Center for College, Community, and Justice at Temple University’s College of Education in Philadelphia conducted the study in 2018. They surveyed 40,000 California community college students. Sara Goldrick-Rab was a lead author of the report. She says managing the reports has been a challenge because students are not open with responses. “The bottom line is they are not living in a place that is fit for human habitation,” she told the Register. “And many students don’t go to shelters because these are well-educated people who don’t want to be stigmatized.” Some resources existed for students like Salazar, but a disconnect developed between the unhoused and the support that could make their lives easier. Students no longer had access to restaurants and internet cafes and other places where they could connect to WiFi before the pandemic began. It meant they missed out on scholarships and other benefits. Like Salazar, many students who struggle to find shelter experienced problems in their classes because they lacked internet access. Unhoused students can connect to support and learn about opportunities at weekly Zoom meetings every Tuesday at 5:30 p.m. They are also free to discuss their experiences and get information on how to overcome obstacles. For more information, email shac.lacc@gmail.com.

“Self Defense, or Death of Some Salesman” BY CARSON KREITZER Directed by Louie Piday Seven white men have been found dead along I-95 in Florida. A prostitute is arrested and charged with their murders. The police say she’s a serial killer. She claims seven separate acts of self-defense. Inspired by the true story of Aileen Wuornos, “Self Defense, or death of some salesmen” is a whirlwind seven acts in 95 minutes. The play is fast and furious, shocking, and funny, and at its center, a portrait of a very complicated human being. She is complex, charismatic, dangerous, damaged, full of love and anger; above all else, she is alive. An investigation of capital punishment, destitution, violence against (and by) women, and whether a prostitute is considered a person under our justice system, “Self Defense” gives a long, hard look at an America most of us don’t want to admit exists. Watch on YouTube: April 22: https://youtu.be/0mfnE0XR4SA April 23: https://youtu.be/mJvYosp9rsk April 24: https://youtu.be/G12kUNZFDV0

7

GET VACCINATED!

As of April 19, 2021. Anybody over 18 qualifies for the COVID-19 Vaccine

GET YOURS! VISIT

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/your-vaccination.html

PHOTO BY DELIA ROJAS

FROM “GUARDADO” PAGE 1

Witness: ‘He was literally laughing with us a minute before all this s**t.’ “He was a really nice person,” Cervantes said. “You can just tell when someone’s like a no-good, and he wasn’t a no-good.” Cervantes says the killing will haunt her for the rest of her life. Auto body shop owner Andrew Heney says LASD investigators removed cameras at businesses around his shop, L.A. Taco reporter Memo Torres posted in a Twitter video. The incident inflamed ongoing protests of racism and police violence in Los Angeles after Minneapolis Police officer Derek Chauvin murdered George Floyd on May 25, 2020. Insider Reports Gang within LASD Former deputy, Art Gonzalez sued the LASD because he says the department retaliated against him for whistleblowing. A judge granted a motion to dismiss Gonzalez’ suit in February. In a sworn deposition, Gonzalez alleged an LASD deputies’ gang, the Executioners, controlled patrols in the Compton Station. Two other deputies came forward, to support his claim. Gonzalez testified Miguel Vega, the deputy who shot Guardado, was a prospective member of the Executioners. Former deputies say the gang requires “prospects” to shoot a suspect for initiation. Sheriff Alex Villanueva repeatedly denied the existence of deputy gangs in his department, Spectrum News1 reporter Kate Cagle reported. “When you say they’re whistleblowers, no, these are people that are suing,” Villanueva said. “And when they’re suing, one of the processes of suing is you have to make the allegation as big as possible.” The FBI investigated an LASD deputy’s gang in 2019, the L.A. Times reported. A representative of a county supervisor’s office said on background Sheriff Villanueva has not cooperated with the California attorney general’s investigation into police brutality. L.A. County Inspector General Max Huntsman told the county board the sheriff ’s department repeatedly obstructed his investigation into Guardado’s death and deputy gangs, on Sept. 1, 2020. A representative of L.A. County Supervisor Hilda Solis emailed a statement to the Collegian about the killing. “I join the thousands of protesters in their demands for answers and accountability,” Solis stated. “I also question the tactics used by the Sheriff ’s Department in response to the protests held to uplift the tragedy

involving Andres.” Family Hoped for a Better Life The Guardado family left El Salvador when “things were kind of difficult” in the country, Cristobal Guardado says. They came looking for opportunity and a place to start a family. “It’s just an irony that we flee violence, men in uniforms, to be met with violence by men in uniforms,” said Francisco Rivas, Andres’ second cousin. Rivas is an LACC alumnus who learned his cousin died when he saw his uncle Noe Abarca shouting at police on the news. Rivas says his LACC political science education prepared him to confront the history of U.S. military involvement in El Salvador. In the 1980s, U.S.-trained rebels fought a civil war that killed about 75,000 Salvadorans. Rivas says his family joined a large Salvadoran expatriate community within the LAPD’s Rampart division. His uncle was deported, and he says he was racially profiled by police at least five times. “It’s just the manner they talk to you. They yell at you,” Rivas said. “Every time has been frightening – you just comply because, ‘I don’t want my outcome to turn out like Andres.’” Andres Guardado was an L.A. Trade Tech student intent on seizing opportunities for his family. Those he left behind remember his kindness, hard work and good humor. “He was literally laughing with us a minute before all this shit,” Cervantes said. Witness Reports Intimidation Cervantes says sheriff ’s deputies from the Compton Station pulled her car over blocks from her Hawthorne home in August. They detained her overnight at the Lakewood Station. She says the deputies claimed they were serving a warrant for drug charges. The Lakewood Station is 16 miles from Leuzinger High School, where they stopped her white Lexus. Cervantes says detectives interrogated her about the work of the autobody shop for two afternoons before her release. They gave her a citation for driving with a suspended license. When she went to court months later, the clerk told her no citation was issued. Cervantes is a 21-year-old single mother of two. She says sheriff ’s detectives tried to intimidate her to influence her recollection of the shooting.

The Guardado family protests the death of their family member on August 29, 2020 in Compton, Calif. Photo courtesy of Panish Shea & Boyle LLP.

“They were trying to press me, like saying I’ve seen Andres with guns before, and they know that I’ve seen him and there’s pictures of him,” Cervantes said. “… They tried to come at me stupid, like scientifically, they can prove that’s not what happened.” The Collegian requested Cervantes’ detention record at the Lakewood Sheriff Station on April 16. “LASD is unable to respond to your request as it is vague, ambiguous, and does not sufficiently describe identifiable records,” L.A County Sheriff Capt. Albert Maldonado wrote on April 20. The Collegian resubmitted an amended request. An LASD spokeswoman, Alejandra Parra, says the department keeps all detention records. The two deputies who chased Guardado were suspended in December for a car chase gone wrong. After detaining a skateboarder, Vega crashed his police SUV on April 13, 2020. In that incident, a California Highway Patrol officer’s report challenged the deputies’ claim about a vehicle pursuit. Skateboarder Jesus Alegria filed a lawsuit alleging LASD deputies pressured him to sign a citation in the hospital after the crash, the L.A. Times reported. The Collegian obtained the CHP report, which shows Vega says he chased bicyclists after he spotted a gun in one of their waistbands. The CHP officer noted Vega’s red lights and siren were not on when he crashed, and “he never indicated he was in pursuit

of a suspect.” Cervantes says the deputies still need to answer for Guardado’s death. “When somebody kills somebody on the street, they take them to jail,” she said. “So, I don’t understand why he is still out.” Cervantes says Guardado sprinted from deputies when he saw them approach. She says his hands were up at his chest as he ran. She says he could not have reached for a gun. Family Remembers Andres’ Kindness Cristobal Guardado says memories of his son are painful to recount. He says Andres often returned home with breakfast to share with his parents before he left for school. “He was very giving in that way, and he would come in and give us our coffee and give us a hug,” Cristobal said. “It’s very hard because we don’t have that anymore. We don’t get to have that anymore.” The Guardado family filed a complaint against the LASD on Aug. 31 in California State Superior Court. “My message for the students at school is that I want them to remain focused on their goals and to achieve their dreams, just like my son did – to stay determined,” Guardado said. “Andres was very determined.” Diego Chavez-Cadena contributed to this story


8

SPORTS

Los Angeles Collegian - Wednesday, April 21, 2021

S FIGHT FOR GENDER EQUALITY BOUNCES ON AND OFF COURT BY MELISSA CRUMBY

ports is back. Major League Baseball has sprung into action. The NBA is fired up. Temperatures outside are heating up to welcome back athletes everywhere. But female athletes do not feel the hospitality or much warmth. They complained they are not valued or compensated in the same way as their male counterparts during March Madness 2021. March Madness is the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s (NCAA) Division I college basketball national championship contest where 68 men’s college basketball teams and 64 women’s teams compete for the trophy and title. March Madness 2021 opened eyes and exposed the reality that women in sports are not treated the same as their male counterparts. Women still earn a fraction of what men are paid in sports, any sport, all sports. The stark reality came to the forefront when “The Big Dance,” as the games are sometimes known, landed in Indianapolis, IN, for men’s play and San Antonio, TX, which was the site of this year’s tournaments. During the competition, Sedona Prince who plays for the University of Oregon posted a TikTok video that was viewed more than 15 million times. The video shows what appears to be a very small space that included a stand that held a total of six dumbbells and a few yoga mats on the floor in front of the stand. The NCAA received a good

amount of criticism for the scarcity of training equipment and space in the women’s weight room in San Antonio. Prince says the NCAA has claimed that it isn’t the money, it is the space that counts. She then showed a room in the same building with plenty of space – a large conference room with chairs – to make her point. Another photo went viral. It showed the men’s weight room in Indianapolis in comparison: plenty of weights and a plethora of professional exercise equipment filled a room for the men that appeared to be three times larger than the one reserved for the women’s teams in Texas. “I saw those photos and I thought to myself, how sad it is women are treated this way,” said Charlie Olson, a Los Angeles City College student and basketball fan. “They’re the reason we exist.” Prince’s video started to gain traction on Twitter. Celebrities and sports stars alike commented about the poor conditions for the female athletes in San Antonio. Golden State Warrior Steph Curry responded to the video on twitter. He tweeted “Come on now!” Even tennis icon Billy Jean King joined in by posting a video that expressed her concerns about the situation. She posted it on Twitter. King is a former top women’s tennis player, and she championed equal pay for women in tennis. “Women are just supposed to be happy with the crumbs,” she said. “But we’re not happy anymore, we want equality.” The size of the weight room was not the only issue. Prince reported that their food was pre-packaged

Locker Room Controversy

Seperate and Unequal?

while the men were treated to a buffet. This was also shown on social media. The unfortunate reality for women in the sports industry is they are not equal. On March 20, the NCAA unveiled a new weight room after feeling the heat from the spotlight. The weight room appears to have the same amount of space as the men’s, including more exercise equipment from which to choose. Lynn Holzman, the NCAA vice president for women’s basketball says the association missed the mark with preparations for the 64 teams in San Antonio. “We fell short this year . . . and we acknowledge that,” she said.

Pay Gap: Men vs. Women Highest paid females in WNBA:

Tie between Sue Bird, DeWanna Bonner, Liz Cambage, Elena Delle Donne, Skylar Diggins-Smith, Brittney Griner, and Emma Meesseman - $215,000 salary Highest paid males in NBA: Steph Curry - $43 million in salary Highest paid female in Tennis: Naomi Osaka - $3.4 million in tournament wins Highest paid male in Tennis: Roger Federer - $6.3 million in tournament wins Highest paid female Soccer player: Carli Lloyd - $518,000 salary Highest paid male Soccer player : Lionel Messi - $92 million salary

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