B8
T he C oast News
DEC. 3, 2021
H ealth &Wellness
UCSD study learns more of cell interiors By City News Service
Finding gratitude this holiday season
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his holiday season we hope you are able to pause and find gratefulness in the simple things. Look at your life and observe all of the things that you love. The people, places, experiences, and even your furry friends. Each day there are moments of love expressed through affection, understanding, or a shared experience. Look for moments of humor and times where you have found a smile or laughter in difficult or frustrating situations. Sometimes humor is the only thing that makes sense when everything else seems to be challenging. Look for moments of joy. Feeling the sunshine on your face, being warmed by your cup of coffee, an embrace from your child, a hand from your partner, or a moment of pause after finishing a project. With love, laughter, and joy comes greater con-
intentional living
angie & marc rosenberg nection. The experience of connecting is to feel linked to someone or something else in life. Research has found that through deep and fulfilling connections we can move through our life with greater mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual well-being. This holiday season, you don’t have to look very far to find gratitude and you may be surprised by the goodness that exists. NTENTION OF THE MONTH: Gratitude
Follow these intentional steps to create space in your life and a greater TURN TO 4NTENT ON B14
REGION — Using a new artificial intelligence identifying method, researchers at UC San Diego and their collaborators have taken what may turn out to be a significant leap forward in the understanding of human cells, according to a report published Nov. 24. The pilot study — which combines microscopy, biochemistry techniques and artificial intelligence in a technique known as Multi-Scale Integrated Cell — revealed around 70 components contained within a human kidney cell line, half of which had never been seen before. “If you imagine a cell, you probably picture the colorful diagram in your cell biology textbook, with mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus. But is that the whole story? Definitely not,” said Trey Ideker, a professor at UCSD’s School of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center. “Scientists have long realized there’s more that we don’t know than we know, but now we finally have a way to look deeper.” The results were described in a recent issue of Nature. In one example, the researchers spotted a group of proteins forming an unfamiliar structure. Working with UCSD colleague Gene Yeo, they determined the structure to be a new complex of proteins that binds RNA. The complex is likely involved in splicing, a cel-
3D ILLUSTRATION of a human cell. A UCSD study revealed components of a human kidney cell, nearly half of which they had never seen before. Courtesy photo
lular event that enables the translation of genes to proteins, and helps determine which genes are activated at which times. The scientists had been interested in mapping the inner workings of cells for many years. What’s different about MuSIC is the use of deep learning to map the cell directly from cellular microscopy images. “The combination of these technologies is unique and powerful because it's the first time measurements at vastly different scales have been brought together,” said study first author Yue Qin, a bio-informatics and sys-
tems biology graduate student in Ideker’s lab. Microscopes allow scientists to see down to the level of a single micron — about the size of some organelles, such as mitochondria. Smaller elements, such as individual proteins and protein complexes, can’t be seen through a microscope. Biochemistry techniques, which start with a single protein, allow scientists to get down to the nanometer scale, or one-billionth of a meter. The team trained the MuSIC artificial intelligence platform to look at all the data and construct a model of the cell. The
system doesn’t yet map the cell contents to specific locations, like a textbook diagram, in part because their locations aren’t necessarily fixed, the researchers said. Ideker noted this was a pilot study to test MuSIC. The team has only looked at 661 proteins and one cell type. “The clear next step is to blow through the entire human cell and then move to different cell types, people and species,” Ideker said. “Eventually we might be able to better understand the molecular basis of many diseases by comparing what’s different between healthy and diseased cells.”
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tions while they only getting rid of the sinus infection for 6 months or so. The next time it comes back, you have to try a different antibiotic and this one will cost more and make you feel worse. So why is this cycle escalating? Why are you NOT winning the war when you frequently win the battles? Because the antibiotic solution does more harm than good. What’s a sinus sufferer to do? Glad you asked. The problem is twofold. First, you are fighting what is a symbiotic relationship of fungus and bacteria with an active agent that kills only the bacteria. Second, the active agent that you are using to kill the bacteria kills only some of the bacteria. The un-killed ones that are not susceptible to your chosen antibiotic will takeover the feeding grounds of the ones that you have killed, leaving you with a fauna of germs that you cannot kill. Let’s explore the first point. Your sinuses are host
NATURE’S RITE
Courtesy photo
to many fungi. Your immunity system does its best to kill these invaders but this is a constant battle, for every breath that you take will contain molds. What makes this problem worse is the fact that the fungus produces a platform of insulation on which the bacteria can live and thrive. In this manner, they are insolated from your immunity system and from the drugs that you would take to reach them. You need an anti-fungal to attenuate the population of molds (fungi) that inhabit your sinuses and insulate
the bacteria from the reach of your immune system. And now for the second part. It is very important to choose an anti-microbial that will kill ALL the bacteria. Each type of antibiotic will kill only a portion of the fauna leaving the survivors to take-over the nutritional sinus tissue that the killed bacteria have abandoned. What you want is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial that kills all types of bacteria as evenly as possible so that you don’t just kill TURN TO NATURE’S RITE ON B14