Clara Bucar
Portfolio
2014
1
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Who and why?
My name is Clara, I’m an architect and urbanist. I say that by conviction, beyond graduation. I’m Brazilian, born and raised in Fortaleza, a city that figures among the most unequal and violent (but also one of the sunniest) cities in the planet. The reality I was presented to is the one about the contrast, the extreme, the social predestination, in which people might as well accept their condition by enjoying the beach and hoping for better days. I can say I was educated in a technical-political way, in which it has always been clear that my role would be to apply technical aspects of architecture aiming to conceive spaces that play a social character, completely connected to people’s lives, whether they interact with it directly or indirectly. Whitaker (2013), a great Brazilian urbanist, affirms that Brazilian architecture has failed in its social role, since architects had become distant from urban reality, letting their work be dominated by the housing market, allowing the urban chaos to take place. In this context, I believe I am part of a generation of architects who are prepared to face this fact with consciousness of the need to change this situation in order to reverse it. Architecture has the duty and the power to transform spaces and, thereafter, the reality projected by it. I believe in the reciprocity of the influence that spaces and people act on one another. Therefore, I take as an obligation the function of producing an architecture based on the human scale, on the perceptible and admirable looking through the ground observer eyes, from those who live the city. My goal is to pursue humanity in the spaces that are most needy of it.
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What?
06 12 20
as in real life
01_Jurandir and Debora’s House Modern by the beach
as in academic life
02_Project 5 Fortaleza Contemporary Art Museum 03_Final Project Urban Regeneration of Sapiranga neighborhood - An alternative for social housing
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01 6
Modern by the beach
As in real life, this project was developed for real clients, a couple named Jurandir and Debora. Their clue for a place to call their own was basically huge windows and high ceiling. From that point came the idea of separating the house in two parts. The first part was the built one, with the normal scale, to rest and work. The second part was the vast, the open, the unbuilt sheltered, made to live. These living spaces were specifically designed to be able to lodge reunions in which guests could interact and get together, not dispersing through the space. The big amount of parking spaces was also due to their will to have friends over. The clients’ thoughts for their house’s visual was more of a traditional composition, with a lot of elements, but, as they saw the continued straight lines, their opinion was changed. This house, located close to the beach but still in a central location inside the city of Fortaleza, was designed specially for Jurandir and Debora, considering and valuing their every request.
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C
D
C
D
C
D
1
2
N
21 4 3 20
5 6 7
9
23
A 15
B
10
11
24
7 26
12
8
22
26
A 19
25
B
28
25
10m
24 14 13
27
17
5m
18 16 8
C Ground floor Plan
D
C Second floor Plan
D
C Rooftop Plan
D
Ground floor Plan 1. Pedestrian access 2. Vehicle access 3. Garage 4. Terrace 5. Hall 6. Stairs
7. Living room 8. Dining room 9. Secondary access 10. Bathroom 11. Laundry 12. Kitchen 13. Terrace
14. Bathroom 15. Outside service area 16. Garden 17. Deck 18. Swimming pool Total floor area = 191m²
South Façade
East Façade
North Façade
West Façade
Second floor Plan
19. Mezzanine 20. Couple’s room 21. Balcony 22. Couple’s closet 23. Couple’s bathroom 24. Room
25. Closet 26. Bathroom 27. Balcony Total floor area = 138m²
Rooftop
28. Water tank
Total area = 329m²
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10
Section A
Section D
Section B
Section C
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02 12
Fortaleza Contemporary Art Museum
This project was developed in 2011 at the Federal University of Ceará, under the guidance of Prof. Architect Roberto Castelo, one of the most renowned architects on the state, during the course of Architectural Design 5 on the seventh semester of Architecture and Urbanism in the given university. The professor’s proposal was that students would design a museum that covered other cultural and leisure functions in order to meet the shortage of such spaces in the city of Fortaleza. The idea that originated this design was to produce a cyclic path, easily recognizable from the visitor’s point of view, in which he could walk around the museum and feel oriented in a visual and instinctive way, unlike what was seen in some of the museums used as reference. Therefore, three volumes gave shape to this draft, with one of them playing different roles, but interacting visually and allowing the specific flows. This museum occupies only a part of the block, which was destined as a whole to accommodate the building in order to originate a square that could also be useful to people and to host complementary activities related to the museum. The parking spaces have independent access, which also allows it to be used in these other activities. The Fortaleza Contemporary Art Museum was conceived right after the period I spent studying at Universidade do Porto, in Portugal, and it came along carrying a strong influence of the ideas absorbed during the amazing time in which I had the opportunity to experience other architectures for the first time.
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11
B
A
A
B
33
9
1
9 5
2
B
12 13
2
1. General access 2. Ateliers 3. Shop and Cafe 4. Stairs 5. Permanent exibition 6. Patio 7. Fire Escape 8. Foyer
N
14
9. Bathrooms 10. Social elevators (2) 11. Service elevator 12. Loading and unloading (Service) 13. Packaging room 14. Montage room 15. Technical room Total floor area = 2701m²
5 5 7 6 4
A
4
Ground floor Plan
3 3 2
B A
15
14
2
3 2
Second floor Plan
1. Temporary exibition 2. Fire Escape 3. Bathrooms 4. Stairs 5. Employer’s bathrooms 6. Suport room 7. Inventory Total floor area = 1038m²
50m
8
9 10 9 7 1
3
10m
6
A
A B
B
4
2
2
1 5 4 3 6 7 8
3
14 16
B
1. Auditorium 2. Session space 3. Kitchen 4. Lecturer office Total floor area = 528m²
N
A
A
Third floor Plan
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Fourth floor Plan
1. Technical galery (Auditorium) Museum’s administrative sector 2. Director’s office 3. Warehouse 4. Tank cleaning supplies 5. Technical support 6. Restoration office 7. Museum expert’s office 8. Circulation space
9. Secretariat 10. Kitchen 11. Finance room 12. Secretary’s office 13. Reunion room 14. Reception 15. Bathroom 16. Fire escape Total floor area = 460m²
50m
B
9 11 10 13 12
10m
1
15
A
A 9
B 1
1110 12 7 6
4
12 2
3
7
5 5
B
6
3 3 2 1
8
10 11
B
Restaurant 1. Bar 2. Fire escape 3. Bathrooms 4. Waiting 5. Dining hall 6. Control room
N
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7. Hall 8. Kitchen 9. Food processing 10. Fridge 11. Pantry 12. Loading andunloading Total floor area = 692m²
A
A
Fifth floor Plan
9
Sixth floor Plan
Library 1. Collection 2. Librerian’s office 3. Technical support 4. Rare books 5. General study hall 6. Group study rooms
7.Reference room 8. Control/Borrowing and returning 9. Bathrooms 10. Reception 11. Fire escape 12. Cataloging Total floor area = 695m²
50m
4
6
10m
8
B
A
A B
5 6
B
4
2
3 4 2 1
B
1
A
A B Rooftop Plan
50m
3
Underground Plan N
Parking for 106 vehicles 1. Social access 2. Service access
3. Entrance 4. Exit Total floor area = 3525m²
10m
1. Fire escape 2. Water Tank 3. Powerhouse 4. Power generator 5. Air conditioning 6. Skylights Total floor area = 730m²
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South Faรงade
North Faรงade
East Faรงade
West Faรงade
Section A
Section B
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03 20
Urban Regeneration of Sapiranga neighborhood - An alternative for social housing This is my Final Piece, my graduation project at the Federal University of Ceará, which represents the seventh best Architecture course in Brazil and the only one in the Northeast region among the top ten, according to a ranking made by Folha de São Paulo and released by Arch Daily*. Under the guidance of Professor Clarissa Figueiredo, I feel very pleased to have accomplished this work, which achieved the maximum grade. During its development, I had the opportunity to apply a considerable part of the knowledge acquired during the graduation years, uniting project scales and aspects that are related to architecture, to urbanism, to landscape architecture, etc, aiming to demonstrate the role of each part in a project that can only be comprehended as a whole. The interest towards the theme had its origin in the experiences and perception of the Brazilian cities, specially Fortaleza, where I was born and have spent most of my life, allied to the critic studies about the urban and social conditions that figures within those cities. In the last decade, Brazil has been going throught a process of consciousness change in which concerns the production of the cities in its social role, which is translated into laws and achieved by the public policies and the actions of the programs that were born from it. The first part of this work aims to analyze Fortaleza’s urban scenario and how these public policies and programs are acting in order to detect issues to be improved in the process. The second part of the work analyzes and diagnoses the Sapiranga neighborhood, chosen to be the object of the given work. I spent most of my life in this district, making its problems and potentials more real and concrete to me and nurturing a desire to contribute to its improvement. In short, Sapiranga is a recently occupied area that is still infra structuring very slowly, which atracts people from the lower social layers for its high level of informality. Also, the neighborhood is going through a process of appreciation through real estate speculation, which also atracts upper class residents. At the same time, this area is close to a river mouth which is hosted inside an enviromental protected area very relevant to the city because of its water resources, and therefore is crossed by many streams. The result of the disorderly occupation of the area is the enviromental degradation, followed by the social decline of the poor communities established in the place that are neglected by the govern and also by the other classes’ residents. The third and last part of this piece consists in the draft itself, where the problems that were identified work as a guide to orient the interventions to be accomplished. The draft is subdivided into three parts that refer to three scales of action: the scale of the neighborhood, covering the urbanistic aspects of the project; the scale of the block, defining a built set developed to demonstrate the general lines of an architectural project that aims to attend the needs of the local population; and the scale of the house, detailing four types of housing units capable to provide minimum habitability and dignity. These issues are currently undervaluated in the Brazilian housing production, which prioritizes quantity over quality. 21
1. The neighborhood
Draft A shorter and smaller version of the project will be shown in the next pages, for the original version is long. This draft is separated in three parts to make the understanding easier, as seen beside. The picture below is a map of part of Fortaleza, showing the location of Sapiranga, the neighborhood chosen for the project, and it’s proximity to green protected areas that host one of the most important water resources of the city.
Use and land cover In the first instance, four lines of intervention were defined to act on the Enviromental preservation scale of the neighrborhood with the intention to solve local issues that are Road restructuring related to the city. Some of the problems that were diagnosed as speficic to the Housing neighborhood are actually real for the city itself and need to be thought in a smaller scale, attending to all the parts that compose the whole.
2. The block
Institutional building/ Support Project reaches a smaller scale, to citizens when a block is defined to develop the architectural project that covers Mixed use (trade and housing) solutions related to the issues diagnosed in the neighborhood scale. Open spaces and leisure It consists on the design of a built set that counts with buildings of differents Housing functions to host the families that are being resettled, arising from removals made to restructure the neighborhood, as well as from the treatment of the surrounding chosen block.
3. The house
Adapted for special needs The last part of the project consists on the detailing of the four kinds of houOne room sing units designed aiming to attend the heterogeneous demand that was Two rooms perceived. Fortaleza city and Sapiranga neighborhood. Source: Google Earth
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Three rooms
The neighborhood: Plan of green space’s system N
Lakes and lagoons
Stream
Parks and squares
Green path
Perimeter of the project Boardwalk/Bike lane
500m
Aforest Riparian forest
Avenue 6 Park 7
7 7
Neighborhood squares
5 7
7
Green Square
1
3
7 Square of fairs
Coité Park 2
4
Sports Park 7
Sapiranga’s Ecological Park
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Hierarchy of road’s system: types and drafts
0,60 m 1,60 m
0,80 m 2,80 m
3,00 m
3,00 m
0,60 m 3,00 m
3,00 m
1,60 m
0,60 m 1,30 m
2,30 m
3,00 m
3,00 m
1,60 m
“B” Road (12 meters wide): For intra neighborhood traffic, to permit parking along the roads with interlocked paving.
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“A” Road (20 meters wide): For wider avenues with paving asphalt, to embrace heavy traffic but also permit pedestrians to walk around.
0,60 m 1,60 m
1,60 m
3,00 m
3,00 m
1,60 m
3,60 m
3,00 m
0,60 m 2,20 m
0,80 m
1,60 m
0,60 m 1,60 m
3,00 m
1,60 m
“D” Road (6 meters wide): For pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles in order to allow shorter paths for those.
“C” Road (12 meters wide): For intra neighrborhood traffic, to prioritize the pedestrians and bikers with interlocked paving.
“E” Road (12 meters wide): This is the green path mentioned earlier. It prioritizes vegetation and, thereafter, pleasant and sustainable paths, with only one path for motorized vehicles and interlocked pavement.
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The Block: Implantation
D
C
N
1 Mixed use (trade and housing)
8
ia Street
Olegário Memór
2 Housing 3 Phisical activities square
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1
6 Amphitheater 7 Artificial beach/green open space 8 Public transportation stop 9 Recycling collection
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2
2
6
2 2
A
4
Axis of circulation
Maria Ivone Street
5 Institutional building/Workshops
São João Del Rey Street
4 Living together square
3
A
2
2
5
2 2
B
B
Original area 26
Project
Marcelino Lopes Street
C
D
1
A Section
North faรงade
B Section
South faรงade
C Section
East faรงade
D Section
West faรงade 27
Perspective: view from a corner.
Perspective: view of the built set.
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Perspective: view of the built set.
Perspective: view of the artiďŹ cial beach.
1
D
D
B
Institutional Building /Workshops
N
B
5
Underground 1. Vehicles exit 2. Vehicles entrance 3. Parking (19) 4. Loading and Unloading Ground oor 5. Workshops 6. Administration 7. Library 8. Sports sourt 9. Pilotis 10. Playgroung Ground oor 11. Workshops 12. Activities room 13. Occupational therapy 14. Social assistance 15. Psychology 16. Residents association 17. Architecture 18. Day care center
C
A
5
C
5
C
8
5
9
10
4
5 3
A
D Underground Plan
2
D 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
6
4
7
A
B
D Ground Floor Plan
B
B
D
B
C 18
A
12 13 14 15 16 17
D Second Floor Plan
B
Rooftop Plan
D
B
29
30
A Section
C Section
B Section
D Section
East Faรงade
North Faรงade
West Faรงade
South Faรงade
Perspective: view of the intitutional building’s façade.
Perspective: view from the sports sourt.
Perspective: view from the pilotis of the institutional building.
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Mixed use (trade and housing) Acess to shops
Ground Floor Plan - Shops (24 units)
A
B
Acess to apartments
Second and Third Floor Plan - Housing (24 units)
Water tanks
Rooptop Plan 32
Water tanks
Water tanks
Water tanks
A
Water tanks
Water tanks
B
Water tank
Side Faรงade
Side Faรงade
A Section
B Section
Front Faรงade
Rear Faรงade 33
Perspective: view of the mixed use building.
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Open spaces and leisure
N
ArtiďŹ cial beach
Green open space
Amphitheater Phisical activities square
Living together square
Envisaged Plan - Open spaces and leisure
Envisaged Plan - Amphitheather
View - Physical activities square
View - Living together square
Envisaged Plan - Physical activities square
Envisaged Plan - Living together square
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Perspective: view of the Phisical Activities Square.
Housing
Access to apartments
B Buildings with adapted flats for people with special needs Buildings without adapted flats for people with special needs
A
A “A” Building - Ground Floor Plan
“A” Buildings: without adaptation
A
A “A” Building - Second Floor Plan Water tank
Water tank
Water tank
“B” Buildings: with adaptation Adapted flat for special needs - two rooms Flat with two rooms Flat with three rooms Flat with one room
2
A
A B
“A” Building - Third Floor Plan/Floorplan
37
“A” Building - Front Façade
“A” Building - Side Façade
“A” Building - Rear Façade
38
“A” Building - A Section
“A” Building - B Section
Perspective: view of the housing area.
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12,15 m 3,15 m
The House: Typologies
0,35 m 0,80 m
3,15 m 2,00 m
2,00 m
0,80 m 0,35 m
2,85 m 1,50 m
2,85 m
5,78 m 2,40 m
2,87 m
0,23 m
0,60 m
Room 1 A=8,20m²
0,23 m
2,85 m
5,82 m
4,72 m
2,85 m
2,40 m
2,87 m
Room 1 A=8,20m²
5,25 m
1,32 m
2,85 m
Kitchen A=4,70m²
Kitchen/Laundry A=6,10m² 3,70 m
3,27 m
0,80 m 0,40 m 0,80 m 6,08 m
1,60 m
0,80 m 0,40 m 0,80 m 4,85 m
Adapted flat Standard flat (two rooms) 40
Laundry A=2,76m² 1,67 m
2,05 m
8,85 m 0,73 m 0,50 m
0,80 m
1,60 m
0,72 m
0,20 m
1,60 m
0,72 m
Bathroom A=1,80m²
1,07 m
1,00 m
Room 2 A=7,41m²
1,65 m
Bathroom A=5,15m²
2,60 m
2,60 m
4,10 m 2,37 m
2,85 m
1,67 m
1,65 m
1,07 m 1,65 m
0,85 m
2,09 m
Living/Dining room A=14,96m²
2,85 m
2,87 m
2,53 m
2,02 m
1,65 m
Dining/Living room A=14,96m²
1,65 m
0,50 m0,30 m 0,80 m
8,85 m
Room 2 A=7,41m²
5,25 m
2,85 m
1,23 m
6,08 m
6,07 m
3,15 m 0,35 m 0,80 m
3,15 m 2,00 m
2,00 m
0,80 m 0,35 m
1,50 m
2,85 m
2,40 m
Room A=8,20m²
0,23 m
2,85 m
Living/Dining room A=14,96m²
0,80 m
0,72 m
4,08 m
1,33 m
1,65 m
1,60 m 0,20 m
Laundry A=2,76m²
1,53 m
1,33 m
1,20 m
Kitchen A=4,70m²
Kitchen A=4,70m²
Laundry A=2,76m²
0,80 m
1,68 m
2,85 m
2,85 m
Bathroom A=1,80m²
1,68 m
0,17 m 0,80 m 0,25 m 1,08 m
2,85 m
1,68 m
1,65 m
1,08 m
0,50 m 0,73 m
Dining room A=6,48m²
3,02 m
Bathroom A=1,80m²
8,85 m
1,04 m
3,00 m
2,85 m 1,67 m
Living room A=7,41m²
2,85 m
2,28 m
Room 3 A=7,41m²
2,60 m
2,85 m
2,60 m
8,85 m
5,25 m
2,88 m
Room 1 A=8,20m²
5,83 m
0,60 m
2,87 m
2,40 m
2,87 m
0,23 m
5,83 m
Room 2 A=8,20m²
1,67 m 2,05 m
0,80 m
0,40 m
0,80 m
0,72 m
0,73 m
0,80 m
0,40 m
4,85 m
4,85 m 9,70 m
Three rooms flat One room flat 41
Perspective: Living and dining room. Perspective: Kitchen and laundry
42
Perspective: Main room. Perspective: Living room and kitchen.
*All the data used in this portfolio was developed by Clara Bucar. *To see the ranking of brazilian architecture universities, please visit: http://www.archdaily. com.br/br/627179/ranking-de-faculdades-dearquitetura-brasileiras) *To see full version of “Urban Regeneration of Sapiranga neighborhood - An alternative for social housing�, please visit http://issuu.com/ claracbucar/docs/tfg_clara_bucar_issuu_5/0 *To see the video about the project, please visit: https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=WDfcVxLdbfo 43