To better understand the relationship between Internet openness and economic performance, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development began collecting and using company data to provide a new perspective on global data flows across the Internet and their effects on indicators such as trade, innovation and entrepreneurship. From this starting point, it has begun building a picture of global data flows and laying out a path for future analyses. This paper presents an excerpt of that work. It describes the benefits of Internet openness for international trade, innovation and entrepreneurship, and presents initial steps to better measure the global data flows enabled by Internet openness.