'LDJQÎVWLFR GR HVWDGR GD PDQXWHQ¾R s 8PD DERUGDJHP KROÈVWLFD
M 118 119
+XJR ' 1 5DSRVR - 7RUUHV )DULQKD KXJUDS#JPDLO FRP WRUUHV IDULQKD#GHP XF SW
ARTIGO CIENTÍFICO
D 3DUWH
5(6802
GH PRGR D TXH DV RSHUDÂÐHV E¼VLFDV
(VWH DUWLJR DSUHVHQWD XP PRGHOR KROÈVWLFR GH GLDJQÎVWLFR GR HVWDGR GD PDQXWHQ¾R QXPD HPSUHVD QDV YHUWHQWHV GD RUJDQL]D¾R EDVH GDV SROÈWLFDV WUDQVYHUVDLV EHP FRPR GDV QRYDV YHUWHQWHV GD JHVW¾R 2 GLDJQÎVWLFR GR HVWDGR GD PDQXWHQ¾R SHUPLWH ID]HU D DQ¼OLVH GHVWH VHWRU GD HPSUHVD VDOLHQWDQGR RV VHXV SRQWRV IRUWHV H RV VHXV SRQWRV IUDFRV H RV DVSHWRV GH PHOKRULD D LPSOHPHQWDU QR IXWXUR 2 PRGHOR GHVHQYROYLGR SHUPLWH ID]HU D VXD JHQHUDOL]D¾R D TXDOTXHU RUJDQL]D¾R H D TXDOTXHU WLSR GH QHJÎFLR R TXH UHIRUÂD D VXD SHUWLQÅQFLD H UHOHY½QFLD WHQGR VLGR FRQFHELGR SDUD DSRLDU RV SURƬVVLRQDLV H JHVWRUHV FRP R REMHWLYR GH DXGLWDU RV GHSDUWDPHQWRV GH PDQXWHQ¾R GDV VXDV RUJDQL]DÂÐHV H FRQVHTXHQWHPHQWH SRGHUHP DGRWDU RV SURFHGLPHQWRV FRQGXFHQWHV D DÂÐHV GH PHOKRULD LQFOXLQGR D LPSOHPHQWD¾R GH WÄFQLFDV LQRYDGRUDV H QRYRV PRGHORV GH JHVW¾R (VWH PRGHOR IRL YDOLGDGR SUHGRPLQDQWHPHQWH HP HPSUHVDV QDFLRQDLV GH WUDQVSRUWH XUEDQR WHQGR VLGR DQDOLVDGRV RV VHXV UHVXOWDGRV FRP RV UHVSHWLYRV JHVWRUHV GD PDQXWHQ¾R
GH PDQXWHQ¾R OLPSH]DV H LQVSHÂÐHV VHMDP HIHWXDGDV SHORV RSHUDGRUHV GDV P¼TXLQDV (P PHDGRV GRV DQRV RV DYDQÂRV WHFQROÎJLFRV QD LQVWUXPHQWD¾R H R VXUJLPHQWR GR FRPSXWDGRU SHVVRDO SRVVLELOLWDUDP D FDSDFLGDGH GH SUHYHU RV SUREOHPDV QDV P¼TXLQDV PHGLQGR D VXD FRQGL¾R DWUDYÄV GH VHQVRUHV GH YLEUDÂÐHV WHPSHUDWXUD H XOWUDVVRQV (VWD WHFQRORJLD Ä IUHTXHQWHPHQWH UH IHULGD FRPR 0DQXWHQ¾R 3UHGLWLYD SRU FRQWUROR GH FRQGL¾R 2XWUD HVWUDWÄJLD GH PDQXWHQ¾R TXH VXUJLX IRL D GHVLJQDGD 0DQXWHQ¾R
10
3URDWLYD TXH SHUPLWH SURORQJDU RV FL FORV GH DYDULD GDV P¼TXLQDV DWUDYÄV 3DODYUDV FKDYH 'LDJQÎVWLFR GD PDQX
QXWHQ¾R GH XPD IRUPD UHDWLYD GHSRLV
GD UHPR¾R VLVWHP¼WLFD GDV IRQWHV GH
WHQ¾R PRGHORV GH JHVW¾R
GH XPD SDUDJHP SRU DYDULD s D PDQX
IDOKD
WHQ¾R GLWD FRUUHWLYD H RX FXUDWLYD RX GH IRUPD PDLV JHUDO Q¾R SODQHDGD
,1752'8¢ 2
&RP R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GRV PLFURFRP SXWDGRUHV QRV DQRV D ¼UHD GD PDQX
1D HFRQRPLD JOREDOL]DGD DWXDO D VR
2 DGYHQWR GRV FRPSXWDGRUHV IH] FRP
WHQ¾R SDVVD D GHVHQYROYHU H SURFHVVDU
EUHYLYÅQFLD GDV HPSUHVDV RX GH IRU
TXH PXLWDV HPSUHVDV LPSOHPHQWDVVHP
RV VHXV SUÎSULRV SURJUDPDV PHOKRUDQ
PD PDLV JHUDO GDV RUJDQL]DÂÐHV GH
HVWUDWÄJLDV GH PDQXWHQ¾R SUHYHQWLYD
GR R SURFHVVDPHQWR GDV LQIRUPDÂÐHV
SHQGH GD VXD FDSDFLGDGH GH LQRYD¾R
VLVWHP¼WLFD
H GLPLQXLQGR D GHSHQGÅQFLD GD GLVSR
3DUD HVWH ƬP HVWDV YÅP SURFXUDQGR LQ
QLELOLGDGH KXPDQD H GH HTXLSDPHQWRV
FHVVDQWHPHQWH QRYDV IHUUDPHQWDV TXH
1R ƬQDO GD GÄFDGD GH VXUJH R FRQ
SDUD R DWHQGLPHQWR GDV VXDV SULRULGD
SRVVDP FRQWULEXLU SDUD D VXD PHOKRULD
FHLWR GH 0DQXWHQ¾R &HQWUDGD QD
GHV GH SURFHVVDPHQWR SHOR FRPSXWD
FRQWÈQXD
)LDELOLGDGH 5&0 s 5HOLDELOLW\ &HQWUHG
GRU FHQWUDO
0DLQWHQDQFH SDUD UHGX]LU R FUHVFHQ &RQWXGR SDUD FKHJDU D HVWH SRQ
WH YROXPH GH RUGHQV GH WUDEDOKR UH
¤ DSÎV HVWH ORQJR SHUFXUVR HYROXWLYR
WR Ä LPSRUWDQWH ID]HU XPD EUHYH UH
VXOWDQWH GR SODQHDPHQWR LQIRUPDWL
QR TXDO IRL DGTXLULGD XPD JUDQGH SD
WURVSHWLYD GD DWLYLGDGH PDQXWHQ¾R
]DGR 2V SULPHLURV SURFHGLPHQWRV GH
QÎSOLD GH FRQKHFLPHQWRV RULXQGRV GDV
'H IDFWR » PHGLGD TXH VH UHYÅ D KLV
5&0 IRUDP PXLWR LQƮXHQFLDGRV SHORV
YHUWHQWHV GD HQJHQKDULD GD LQIRUP¼WL
WÎULD GD PDQXWHQ¾R Ä LQWHUHVVDQWH
IDWRUHV GH VHJXUDQÂD GHYLGR D WHUHP
FD H GD LQYHVWLJD¾R RSHUDFLRQDO HQ
FRQVWDWDU TXH DWÄ DRV DQRV H GHV
WLGR RULJHP QD LQGÕVWULD DHURQ¼XWL
WUH RXWUDV TXH VH FKHJRX D XP SRQWR
GH D HUD LQGXVWULDO D IXQ¾R PDQXWHQ
FD 3RU YROWD GD PHVPD DOWXUD XPD Ƭ
TXH WRUQD SHUWLQHQWH XPD QRYD OHLWX
¾R WLQKD HYROXÈGR PXLWR SRXFR SRLV
ORVRƬD GH PDQXWHQ¾R GHVLJQDGD SRU
UD PDLV DEUDQJHQWH GR GLDJQÎVWLFR GD
Q¾R H[LVWLDP HVWUDWÄJLDV GH PHOKRULD
0DQXWHQ¾R 3URGXWLYD 7RWDO 730 s
PDQXWHQ¾R
FRQWÈQXD
s 7RWDO 3URGXFWLYH 0DLQWHQDQFH JD QKDYD HVSDÂR HQWUH RV IDEULFDQWHV MD
1HVWD SHUVSHWLYD R SUHVHQWH DUWLJR
$WÄ DR LQÈFLR GRV DQRV D PDLRULD GDV
SRQHVHV 2 730 SUHFRQL]D XPD SDUFH
WUDWD XPD QRYD IHUUDPHQWD GH DSRLR
XQLGDGHV LQGXVWULDLV HIHWXDYDP D PD
ULD HQWUH D SURGX¾R H D PDQXWHQ¾R
» JHVW¾R FDUDWHUL]DGD SRU VHU XP PR
GD LPSRUW½QFLD FRP TXH FDGD SHUJXQ
¾R GD SRQWXD¾R GRV GLYHUVRV TXHV
YHUVRV UHODWÎULRV TXH SHUPLWHP ID]HU
WD FRQWULEXL SDUD R GLDJQÎVWLFR GD PD
WLRQ¼ULRV R PRGHOR SURGX] GLYHUVRV
XPD FDUDWHUL]D¾R GR HVWDGR GD PDQX
QXWHQ¾R H SRU FRQVHTXÅQFLD QDV
JU¼ƬFRV GH SRVLFLRQDPHQWR GHVLJQD
WHQ¾R GH TXDOTXHU RUJDQL]D¾R WDLV
VXDV LPSOLFDÂÐHV QD UHRUJDQL]D¾R GD
GRV SRU p0DSDV 5DGDUq TXH SHUPLWHP
FRPR
PDQXWHQ¾R
YLVXDOL]DU JUDƬFDPHQWH R SRVLFLRQD
5HODWÎULR GH SRVLFLRQDPHQWR
PHQWR GD HPSUHVD H RV TXHVWLRQ¼ULRV D
5HODWÎULR GH SRQWRV FUÈWLFRV
LQWHUYLU SDUD D PHOKRULD GD RUJDQL]D¾R
5HODWÎULR GH SRQWRV IU¼JHLV
5HODWÎULR GH SRQWRV IUDFRV
$ SRQWXD¾R 5 REWLGD SHOD HPSUHVD UHVXOWD GD VHJXLQWH IÎUPXOD
2 PRGHOR GH GLDJQÎVWLFR SURGX] DXWR 5 ί 56 ί 546 ί 5$9 ί 541
PDWLFDPHQWH PDSDV UDGDUHV GH SRVL
2 UHODWÎULR GH SRVLFLRQDPHQWR FRPR
FLRQDPHQWR GD HPSUHVD
R SUÎSULR QRPH LQGLFD WHP R REMHWLYR
3RVL¾R JHUDO GR HVWDGR GD PDQX
GH SRVLFLRQDU R HVWDGR GD PDQXWHQ¾R
6HQGR
56 s 5HVSRVWD 6HPSUH
546 s 5HVSRVWD 4XDVH 6HPSUH
5$9 s 5HVSRVWD V 9H]HV
541 s 5HVSRVWD 4XDVH 1XQFD
WHQ¾R GD HPSUHVD 3RVL¾R JHUDO GR HVWDGR GD PDQX WHQ¾R GD HPSUHVD 3RVL¾R GD HPSUHVD QD RUJDQL]D¾R EDVH
GD RUJDQL]D¾R QRV GLYHUVRV HVW¼GLRV FRQVLGHUDGRV QR PRGHOR GH GLDJQÎV WLFR SHUPLWLQGR DVVLP ID]HU XPD FDUD WHUL]D¾R LPHGLDWD GR GLDJQÎVWLFR JH UDO GD PDQXWHQ¾R MXQWDPHQWH FRP R
$ SRQWXD¾R REWLGD G¼ RULJHP » FDWH
3RVL¾R GD HPSUHVD DRV FRQFHLWRV
PDSD UDGDU (P UHOD¾R DRV RXWURV UH
JRULD TXH D HPSUHVD DOFDQÂRX HP FDGD
WUDQVYHUVDLV H QRYRV PRGHORV GH
ODWÎULRV PHQFLRQDGRV HVWHV SHUPLWHP
JHVW¾R
D REWHQ¾R GRV SRQWRV UHIHULGRV GH
HVW¼GLR RX TXHVWLRQ¼ULR
3RVL¾R GD HPSUHVD DRV FRQFHLWRV
(VWDEHOHFLPHQWR GH XP SODQR GH D¾R GH PHOKRULDV $ ÕOWLPD IDVH GR GLDJQÎVWLFR SHUPL
WUDQVYHUVDLV 3RVL¾R GD HPSUHVD DRV QRYRV PR GHORV GH *HVW¾R
DFRUGR FRP DV VXDV GHVLJQDÂÐHV FUÈWL FRV IU¼JHLV H IUDFRV EHP FRPR DV VX JHVWÐHV GH PHOKRULD SDUD FDGD SRQWR DVVLQDODGR M
WH HVWDEHOHFHU RX SURSRU XP SODQR GH DÂÐHV GH PHOKRULD QD HPSUHVD DXGLWD
3DUD DOÄP GRV PDSDV UDGDUHV GH SR
GD 'HSRLV GR SUHHQFKLPHQWR H DYDOLD
VLFLRQDPHQWR SRGHP HODERUDU VH GL
&RQWLQXD QD SUÎ[LPD HGL¾R
PUB