*HQHUDOL]D¾R GRV FRQFHLWRV GH PDQXWLELOLGDGH H GLVSRQLELOLGDGH
M 117
12
ARTIGO CIENTÍFICO
& 3(5(,5$ &$%5,7$ - &$5/26 0$7,$6 ) %,*$5(6 6$1726 & $1781(6 )(51$1'(6 'HSDUWDPHQWR GH (QJHQKDULD (OHFWURPHF½QLFD )DFXOGDGH GH (QJHQKDULD 8QLYHUVLGDGH GD %HLUD ,QWHULRU FDEULWD#XEL SW
D 3DUWH s 0DQXWLELOLGDGH
5(6802
$SUHVHQWD VH QHVWD SULPHLUD SDUWH D GHPRQVWUD¾R GDV H[SUHVVÐHV JHQHUDOL]DGDV GD IXQ¾R PDQXWLELOLGDGH H GD PDQXWLELOLGDGH GH XP EHP H[SRQGR VH XPD YLV¾R FUÈWLFD HP UHOD¾R » VXD GHƬQL¾R SUREDELOÈVWLFD XVXDOPHQWH DFHLWH FRP D ƬQDOLGDGH GH VH PHOKRUDU HVWD GHƬQL¾R
OLGDGHV GH LQWHUYHQ¾R FRPSOHWD H GH LQWHUYHQ¾R DLQGD Q¾R FRQFOXÈGD VHU¾R GHƬQLGDV DWUDYÄV UHVSHWLYDPHQWH GDV VHJXLQWHV H[SUHVVÐHV
,1752'8¢ 2
FRPSRQHQWH DSDUHOKR VXEVLVWHPD XQL
'H DFRUGR FRP D QRUPDOL]D¾R SRUWX
GDGH IXQFLRQDO HTXLSDPHQWR RX VLVWHPD
JXHVD H HXURSHLD HP YLJRU > @ GHƬ
TXH SRGH VHU FRQVLGHUDGR LQGLYLGXDOPHQ
'HULYDQGR VHJXLGDPHQWH D H[SUHVV¾R
QH VH PDQXWLELOLGDGH PDLQWDLQDELOLW\
WHq > @
HP RUGHP DR WHPSR W YLU¼
PDLQWHQDELOLWÄ FRPR VHQGR D pDSWLG¾R
GH XP EHP VRE FRQGLÂÐHV GH XWLOL]D¾R GHƬQLGDV SDUD VHU PDQWLGR RX UHVWDXUD GR GH WDO PRGR TXH SRVVD FXPSULU XPD
&21&(,72 0$7(0 7,&2 '$ 0$187,%,/,'$'(
UHSUHVHQWDQGR I W XPD IXQ¾R GH SUR
&RQVLGHUHP VH 1 EHQV LJXDLV TXH LU¾R VHU VXMHLWRV D LQWHUYHQÂÐHV GH PD
EDELOLGDGH LQVWDQW½QHD GHVLJQDGD QD
¾R Ä UHDOL]DGD HP FRQGLÂÐHV GHƬQLGDV XWLOL]DQGR SURFHGLPHQWRV H UHFXUVRV
QXWHQ¾R GXUDQWH XP GHWHUPLQDGR
GHQVLGDGH GH SUREDELOLGDGHq 1R QRVVR
SUHVFULWRVq $LQGD GH DFRUGR FRP > @
LQWHUYDOR GH WHPSR W 1HVWDV FRQGL
FDVR FRQFUHWR I W VHU¼ HQW¾R D pIXQ¾R
D pPDQXWLELOLGDGHq SRGH WDPEÄP VHU
ÂÐHV WRGRV HOHV DSUHVHQWDP LJXDO SUR
GHQVLGDGH GH SUREDELOLGDGH GH PDQXWHQ
XWLOL]DGD FRPR XPD PHGLGD GD PDQX
EDELOLGDGH GH VHUHP PDQWLGRV QHVVH
¾Rq RX pGHQVLGDGH GH SUREDELOLGDGH GRV
WLELOLGDGH SRGHQGR DVVLP VHU GHƬQLGD
LQWHUYDOR GH WHPSR FXPSULQGR DV FRQ
WHPSRV GH PDQXWHQ¾Rq WUDGX]LQGR D
GH XPD IRUPD JHQHUDOL]DGD QD QRVVD
GLÂÐHV RSHUDFLRQDLV SUHYLDPHQWH HVSH
SHUFHQWDJHP GH EHQV TXH V¾R PDQWL
RSLQL¾R FRPR D SUREDELOLGDGH GH XPD
FLƬFDGDV $VVLP FDGD XP GHVVHV EHQV
GRV QD XQLGDGH GH WHPSR HP UHOD¾R
LQWHUYHQ¾R GH PDQXWHQ¾R FRUUHWLYD
DSUHVHQWD XPD SUREDELOLGDGH GH VHU
DR QÕPHUR WRWDO GH EHQV TXH DJXDU
SUHYHQWLYD RX PHOKRUDWLYD VREUH XP
PDQWLGR 0$ W H XPD SUREDELOLGDGH GH
EHP GXUDU XP GHWHUPLQDGR SHUÈR
Q¾R VHU PDQWLGR 10 W DWÄ DR LQVWDQ
QR LQVWDQWH W RX QR LQWHUYDOR GH WHPSR
GR GH WHPSR 7RGDYLD WHP VLGR XVXDO
WH GH WHPSR W VDOLHQWDQGR VH FRPR Ä
GW 0DQLSXODQGR PDWHPDWLFDPHQWH D
GHƬQLU VH PDWHPDWLFDPHQWH D pPDQXWL
HYLGHQWH TXH D SULPHLUD GDV SUREDEL
H[SUHVV¾R REWÄP VH
ELOLGDGHq FRPR D pSUREDELOLGDGH GH XPD
OLGDGHV YDL DXPHQWDQGR SURJUHVVLYD
UHSDUD¾R GXUDU DWÄ XP GHWHUPLQDGR LQ
PHQWH HQTXDQWR TXH D VHJXQGD YDL
WHUYDOR GH WHPSR 775 s 7LPH 7R 5HSDLU
GLPLQXLQGR VHQGR DVVLP FRPSOHPHQ
7HPSR 'H 5HSDUD¾R q GHƬQL¾R HVWD
WDUHV RX VHMD
IXQ¾R UHTXHULGD TXDQGR D PDQXWHQ
WHRULD GDV SUREDELOLGDGHV SRU pIXQ¾R
GDP LQWHUYHQÂÐHV GH PDQXWHQ¾R 1
TXH Ä EDVWDQWH OLPLWDWLYD QD PHGLGD HP TXH WHP DSHQDV HP OLQKD GH FRQWD
3RU FRQVHJXLQWH D SUREDELOLGDGH GH PDQXWHQ¾R 0$ W UHSUHVHQWD D pIXQ
DV LQWHUYHQÂÐHV GH PDQXWHQ¾R FRUUH WLYD H Q¾R REHGHFH HP WHUPRV JHUDLV
FRQVWDWDQGR VH TXH » PHGLGD TXH R
¾R GH SUREDELOLGDGH DFXPXODGD GH LQ
» GHƬQL¾R H[SRVWD HP > @ &RPR WDO
WHPSR W YDL DXPHQWDQGR 0$ W YDL
WHUYHQÂÐHV GH PDQXWHQ¾Rq GHVGH R
SURSÐH VH QHVWH WUDEDOKR D DGR¾R GH
FUHVFHQGR DWÄ DWLQJLU R VHX YDORU P¼
LQVWDQWH W HP TXH VH LQLFLD D PDQX
XPD H[SUHVV¾R JHQHUDOL]DGD SDUD D
[LPR TXH Ä LJXDO » XQLGDGH HQTXDQWR
PDQXWLELOLGDGH H[SRQGR VH D VXD GH
TXH 10 W YDL GHFUHVFHQGR DWÄ DR VHX
QÄULFR W (VWD IXQ¾R UHSUHVHQWD DVVLP
PRQVWUD¾R GHWDOKDGD EDVHDGD SRU
YDORU PÈQLPR LVWR Ä ]HUR 1R LQVWDQWH W
D pIXQ¾R PDQXWLELOLGDGHq 3RU RXWUR
VXD YH] QD GHPRQVWUD¾R GD H[SUHVV¾R
VH H[LVWLUHP 10$ W EHQV M¼ LQWHUYHQFLR
ODGR D pIXQ¾R GH Q¾R PDQXWHQ¾Rq RX
GD ƬDELOLGDGH > @ 5HFRUGH VH TXH XP pEHPq RX pLWHPq Ä pTXDOTXHU HOHPHQWR
QDGRV H 110 W EHQV DLQGD Q¾R VXMHLWRV
WRWDOPHQWH D LQWHUYHQ¾R DV SUREDEL
WHQ¾R GRV 1 EHQV DWÄ DR LQVWDQWH JH
VHMD D SUREDELOLGDGH GH Q¾R VH FRQVH JXLU FRQFOXLU D PDQXWHQ¾R GH XP EHP