E- Energy Audit Report

ENERGY AUDIT REPORT

ENERGY & ARCHITECTURE ( ARC61904) ASSIGNEMNT II NAME: CHIN YIN TENG STUDENT ID: 0334149 TUTOR: DR. SITI NORZAINI

INDEX

01

04

CLIMATE BASED PROFILE

ENERGY CONSUMPTION PATTERN & USER BEHAVIOUR

Introductiontositeplan, orientation, sunpath, orientation, winddirection, external &internal temperature, airhumidity, illuminancelevel andairspeed.

02 ENERGY LOAD PROFILES

Workingonhourly, daily, weekly, monthlyof electrical applianceenergyloads.

03 ENERGY SYSTEM & U-VALUE Studyof material of thehouse.

Graphsandchartsonhourly, dailyloadprofile., illuminanceandtemperaturestudy

05 ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL

Proposing strategies toachieve energy saving through focus on specific topics such as passive cooling or lighting, retrofittinglightingsystem, effectivewastemanagement andcontrollingheat &glare.

06 REFERENCES Referenceslists.

Climate based profile SUN CHART DIAGRAM & SHADOW STUDY

Location : 7, Jalan USJ 4/1f, Usj 4, 47600 Subang Jaya, Selangor.

Longitude = 3°03'36.0"N | Latitude = 101°34'37.1"E

12.00pm

8.00am

In the morning, less sunlight shines into the internal spaces The house is located at Subang Jaya . It is a double storey terrace house, intermediate lot, with 4 bedrooms and 4 bathrooms. The house is occupied by 5 people currently. This energy audit report is mainly focused on March 2021, which was during MCO..

Wet Kitchen

Bedroom 2

Dry Kitchen

Laundry room

In the afternoon, the internal spaces is very hot as there is no shading.

WIND ROSE DIAGRAM

Sunset view can be seen right in front of house as it is facing West direction,

PRECIPITATION

The wind shows how many hours per year the wind blows from the indicated direction.

Example SW: Wind is blowing from South-West (SW) to North-East (NE).

Bath room 2

Bedroom 1

6..00pm

Bed room 3

Dining Room

Guest Toilet

Study Room Praying

Master Bedroom

Room

Living Room

Master Bathroom

Car porch

GF

1F

The prevailing is mostly blocked by the neighboring context

Neighbour house

Neighbour house

From the precipitation chart above, Monthly precipitations above 150mm are mostly wet, below 30mm mostly dry.

Simulated precipitation amounts in tropical regions and complex terrain tend to be lower than local measurements

Energy LOAD PROFILES GROUND FLOOR CONSUMPTION

Weekday

No.

Type of Spaces

Eleactrical Appliances & Its Energy Load

No. of applian ces

Measured Power in (Kw)

Weekend

Hours Energy Usage Energy Usage Total Energy Total Energy Per Day in Usage (A) in Hours Energy Energy Usage Usage (B) in Per Kwh Day in kWh kWh Usage In a Day Per Day in kWh kWh 3 1.92 9.6 3 1.92 3.84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.033 0.000825 0.004125 0.033 0.000825 0.00165 1.920825 9.604125 1.920825 3.84165

Total Energy Demand Per Week A+B (kWh)

1

Car Porch (Outdoor) LED Recessed Down-Lighting Outdoor Column Gate Lamp w/ LED Bulb Autogate

8 2 1

0.08 0.012 0.025

13.44 0 0.005775 13.445775

2

Living Room

Television Ceiling Fan Lithonia LED Strip Light Vacuum Cleaner Smart Vacuum Cleaner Ceiling Down Light Ampliflier Speaker System Air Cooler Wall Mounted Lighting

1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2

0.165 0.041 0.02 0.6 0.1 0.015 0.05 0.1 0.011

5 12 7 0 0 0 5 4 0

0.825 0.492 0.14 0 0 0 0.25 0.4 0 2.107

4.125 2.46 0.7 0 0 0 1.25 2 0 10.535

7 16 9 0.033 0 0 7 7 0

1.155 1.64 0.18 0.198 0 0 0.35 0.7 0 4.223

2.31 3.28 0.36 0.396 0 0 0.7 1.4 0 8.446

6.435 5.74 1.06 0.396 0 0 1.95 3.4 0 18.981

3

Stairway

LED Wall Light

1

0.011

0

0 0

0 0

8

0.088 0.088

0.176 0.176

0.176 0.176

4

Praying Room

Circline Fluorescent Lighting

1

0.015

0

0 0

0 0

0

0 0

0 0

0 0

5

Storage Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light

1

0.02

0

0 0

0 0

0

0 0

0 0

0 0

6

Dining Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan Refrigerator Cabinet Display Downlight Rice Cooker Toaster Oven

1 1 1 7 1 1 1

0.02 0.041 0.392 0.015 0.6 0.75 1.2

3 5 8 0 1 0.083 1

0.06 0.205 3.136 0 0.6 0.06225 1.2 5.26325

0.3 1.025 15.68 0 0 0.31125 6 23.31625

7 7 8 0 1 0 1.67

0.14 0.287 3.136 0 0.6 0 2.004 6.167

0.28 0.574 6.272 0 1.2 0 4.008 12.334

0.58 1.599 21.952 0 1.2 0.31125 10.008 35.65025

7

Kitchen

Blender Lithonia LED Strip Light Circular Light Refrigerator Freezer Exhaust Hood Oven Pressure Cooker Induction Cooker Microwave

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1.4 0.02 0.015 0.4 0.32 0.19 1.5 0.23 2 0.8

0.16 0 0 8 8 0 0.033 1.25 0.33 0.016

0.224 0 0 3.2 2.56 0 0.0495 0.2875 0.66 0.0128 6.9938

1.12 0 0 16 12.8 0 0.2475 1.4375 3.3 0.064 34.969

0 0.33 0.16 8 8 0 0.033 0 0.33 0

0 0.0066 0.0024 3.2 2.56 0 0.0495 0 0.66 0 6.4785

0 0.0132 0.0048 6.4 5.12 0 0.099 0 1.32 0 12.957

1.12 0.0132 0.0048 22.4 17.92 0 0.3465 1.4375 4.62 0.064 47.926

8

Bedroom 1

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan

2 1

0.02 0.041

0.5 9

0.02 0.369 0.389

0.1 1.845 1.945

0.5 11

0.02 0.451 0.471

0.04 0.902 0.942

0.14 2.747 2.887

9

Toilet 1

Shower Water Heater Lithonia LED Strip Light

1 1

3 0.02

0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

10

Guest Toilet

Lithonia LED Strip Light

1

0.02

1

0.02 0.02

0.1 0.1

1

0.02 0.02

0.04 0.04

0.14 0.14

11

Laundry Room

Washing Machine Lithonia LED Strip Light

1 1

0.46 0.02

1 8

0.46 0.16 0.62

2.3 0.8 3.1

1 8

0.46 0.16 0.62

0.46 0.32 0.78

2.76 1.12 3.88

Energy LOAD PROFILES

FIRST FLOOR CONSUMPTION

Weekday

No.

Type of Spaces

Eleactrical Appliances & Its Energy Load

No. of applian ces

Measured Power in (Kw)

Weekend

Hours Energy Energy Usage Total Energy Total Energy Hours Energy Energy Usage Usage Per Usage (A) in Usage (B) in Usage In a Day Per Day in kWh Per Day in Day in kWh kWh kWh Kwh 3 37 1.92 9.6 1.92 3.84 5.32 26.6 11 8.36 16.72 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0.56 2.8 14 0.56 1.12 0.62 3.1 0.62 0.78 10 0.41 2.05 10 0.41 0.82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.16 0.00144 0.0072 0 0 0 0.33 0.0132 0.066 0 0 0 0.05 0.005 0.025 0 0 0 2 0.46 2.3 3 0.69 1.38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.033 0.033 0.165 0.033 0.033 0.066 4 0.24 1.2 4 0.24 0.48 8 0.96 4.8 9 1.08 2.16 24 0.1296 0.648 24 0.1296 0.2592 40.6612 11.5026 23.0052 8.13224

Total Energy Demand Per Week A+B (kWh)

1 12

Car Porch (Outdoor) Air-conditioner LED Recessed Down-Lighting Master Bedroom OutdoorLED Column Lithonia StripGate LightLamp w/ LED Bulb Ceiling Fan LED Wall Light Study Table Light Printer Air Cooler Table Fan Make up table light Clothes Iron Night Light Gaming Laptop Wifi router

18 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

0.08 0.76 0.012 0.02 0.041 0.011 0.009 0.04 0.1 0.23 0.02 1 0.06 0.12 0.0054

13.44 43.32 0 3.92 3.88 2.87 0 0.0072 0.066 0.025 3.68 0 0.231 1.68 6.96 0.9072 63.6664

13

Master Bathroom

Lithonia LED Strip Light Hair Dryer

1 1

0.02 1.7

1 0.16

0.02 0.272 0.292

0.1 1.36 1.46

1 0.16

0.02 0.272 0.292

0.04 0.544 0.584

0.14 1.904 2.044

14

Study Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan LED Wall Light Laptop

1 1 1 1

0.02 0.041 0.011 0.065

10 0 0 5

0.2 0 0 0.325 0.525

1 0 0 1.625 2.625

2 0 0 3

0.04 0 0 0.195 0.235

0.08 0 0 0.39 0.47

1.08 0 0 2.015 3.095

15

Storage Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light

1

0.02

0

0 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0 0

16

Bedroom 2

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan Air-conditioner

1 1 1

0.02 0.041 0.76

7 8 1

0.14 0.328 0.76 1.228

0.7 1.64 3.8 6.14

5 8 2

0.1 0.328 1.52 1.948

0.2 0.656 3.04 3.896

0.9 2.296 6.84 10.036

17

Bathroom 2

Shower Water Heater Lithonia LED Strip Light

1 1

3 0.02

0.66 1

1.98 0.02 2

9.9 0.1 10

0.66 1

1.98 0.02 2

3.96 0.04 4

13.86 0.14 14

18

Bedroom 3

Air-conditioner Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan Laptop

1 1 1 1

0.76 0.02 0.041 0.12

2 6 10 5

1.52 0.12 0.41 0.6 2.65

7.6 0.6 2.05 3 13.25

9 6 16 6

6.84 0.12 0.82 0.72 8.5

13.68 0.24 1.64 1.44 17

21.28 0.84 3.69 4.44 30.25

TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION

WEEKDAYS USAGE DAILY USAGE :32.14112 kWh 5 days/Week :160.705573 kWh

+

WEEKENDS USAGE DAILY USAGE :44.465925 kWh 2 days/Week :88.93185 kWh

=

WEEKLY USAGE: 249.63742 kWh

x4

MONTHLY USAGE :

998.54969 kWh (Calculated) 896 kWh (Actual Amount)

Weekday hourly usage (kwh)

Energy hourly usage No .

1

Type of Spaces Car Porch (Outdoor)

No. of appliance s

Measured Power in (Kw)

Hours Energy Usage In a Day

LED Recessed Down-Lighting

8

0.08

Outdoor Column Gate Lamp w/ LED Bulb Autogate

2 1

Eleactrical Appliances & Its Energy Load

Time Frames (hr)

3

00000059 0.16

01000159 0.16

02000259 0.16

03000359 0

04000459 0

05000559 0

06000659 0

07000759 0

08000859 0

09000959 0

10001059 0

11001159 0

12001259 0

13001359 0

14001459 0

15001559 0

16001659 0

17001759 0

18001859 0

19001959 0

20002059 0

21002159 0

22002259 0

23002359 0

0.012 0.025

0 0.033

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0.025

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

2

Living Room

Television Ceiling Fan Lithonia LED Strip Light Vacuum Cleaner Smart Vacuum Cleaner Ceiling Down Light Ampliflier Speaker System Air Cooler Wall Mounted Lighting

1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2

0.165 0.041 0.02 0.6 0.1 0.015 0.05 0.1 0.011

5 20 7 0 0 0 5 6 0

0 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.165 0 0 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0.165 0.041 0 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.165 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0.165 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0.165 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0

3

Stairway

LED Wall Light

1

0.011

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4

Praying Room

Circline Fluorescent Lighting

1

0.015

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

5

Storage Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light

1

0.02

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6

Dining Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan Refrigerator Cabinet Display Downlight Rice Cooker Toaster Oven

1 1 1 7 1 1 1

0.02 0.041 0.392 0.015 0.6 0.75 1.2

7 7 8 0 1 0.083 1

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0.75 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0.6 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 1.2

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

7

Kitchen

Blender Lithonia LED Strip Light Circular Light Refrigerator Freezer Exhaust Hood Oven Pressure Cooker Induction Cooker Microwave

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1.4 0.02 0.015 0.4 0.32 0.19 1.5 0.23 2 0.8

0.16 0 0 8 8 0 0.033 1.25 0.33 0.016

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 2 2

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 1.5 0.23 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0.23 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

1.4 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0.8

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

8

Bedroom 1

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan

2 1

0.02 0.041

0.5 11

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0

0 0

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0.02 0.041

0 0.041

0 0

9

Toilet 1

Shower Water Heater Lithonia LED Strip Light

1 1

3 0.02

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

10

Guest Toilet

Lithonia LED Strip Light

1

0.02

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.3

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.3

0

0

0

0

0

0

11

Laundry Room

Washing Machine Lithonia LED Strip Light

1 1

0.46 0.02

1 8

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0.46 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0.02

0 0.02

12

Master Bedroom

Air-conditioner Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan LED Wall Light Study Table Light Printer Air Cooler Table Fan Make up table light Clothes Iron Night Light Gaming Laptop Wifi router

1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

0.76 0.02 0.041 0.011 0.009 0.04 0.1 0.23 0.02 1 0.06 0.12 0.0054

11 14 10 0 0.16 0.33 0.05 2 0 0.033 4 8 24

0.76 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 0 0.0054

0.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 0 0.0054

0.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 0 0.0054

0.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 0 0.0054

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0.23 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0.23 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0.76 0.04 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0.041 0 0 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0 0 0.009 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

13

Master Bathroom

Lithonia LED Strip Light Hair Dryer

1 1

0.02 1.7

1 0.16

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0.01 0

0.01 1.7

0 0

0 0

0 0

14

Study Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan LED Wall Light Laptop

1 1 1 1

0.02 0.041 0.011 0.065

10 0 0 5

0.02 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0.065

0.02 0 0 0.065

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0.065

0.02 0 0 0.065

0.02 0 0 0.065

15

Storage Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light

1

0.02

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

16

Bedroom 2

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan Air-conditioner

1 1 1

0.02 0.041 0.76

7 8 2

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0.041 0

0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0

0.02 0.041 0

0 0 0.76

0 0 0.76

0.02 0.041 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0

0.02 0.041 0

0.02 0.041 0

0.02 0.041 0

17

Bathroom 2

Shower Water Heater Lithonia LED Strip Light

1 1

3 0.02

0.66 1

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

3 0.02

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

18

Bedroom 3

Air-conditioner Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan Laptop

1 1 1 1

0.76 0.02 0.041 0.12

8 6 20 5

0.76 0.02 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0 0.12

0 0 0 0.12

0 0 0.041 0

0 0.02 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0.12

0 0 0 0.12

0 0 0.041 0.12

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0.02 0.041 0

0 0.02 0.041 0

0 0.02 0.041 0

0 0.02 0 0

Weekend hourly usage (kwh)

Energy hourly usage No. 1

Type of Spaces Car Porch (Outdoor)

Eleactrical Appliances & Its Energy Load

No. of appliances

Measured Power in (Kw)

Hours Energy Usage In a Day

Time Frames (hr)

LED Recessed Down-Lighting Outdoor Column Gate Lamp w/ LED Bulb Autogate

8

0.08

3

00000059 0.16

01000159 0.16

02000259 0.16

03000359 0

04000459 0

05000559 0

06000659 0

07000759 0

08000859 0

09000959 0

10001059 0

11001159 0

12001259 0

13001359 0

14001459 0

15001559 0

16001659 0

17001759 0

18001859 0

19001959 0

20002059 0

21002159 0

22002259 0

23002359 0

2 1

0.012 0.025

0 0.033

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0.025

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

2

Living Room

Television Ceiling Fan Lithonia LED Strip Light Vacuum Cleaner Smart Vacuum Cleaner Ceiling Down Light Ampliflier Speaker System Air Cooler Wall Mounted Lighting

1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2

0.165 0.041 0.02 0.6 0.1 0.015 0.05 0.1 0.011

11 20 9 0.033 0 0 7 7 0

0.165 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0.165 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.165 0 0 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0.165 0.041 0 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0.165 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.165 0.041 0 0.6 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.165 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0.165 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0.165 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0.05 0 0

0.165 0.041 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0

00165 0 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0

3

Stairway

LED Wall Light

1

0.011

8

0.011

0.011

0.011

0.011

0.011

0.011

0.011

0.011

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4

Praying Room

Circline Fluorescent Lighting

1

0.015

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

5

Storage Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light

1

0.02

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6

Dining Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan Refrigerator Cabinet Display Downlight Rice Cooker Toaster Oven

1 1 1 7 1 1 1

0.02 0.041 0.392 0.015 0.6 0.75 1.2

7 7 8 0 1 0 1.67

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 1.2

0 0 0.392 0 0.6 0 1.2

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.392 0 0 0 0

7

Kitchen

Blender Lithonia LED Strip Light Circular Light Refrigerator Freezer Exhaust Hood Oven Pressure Cooker Induction Cooker Microwave

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1.4 0.02 0.015 0.4 0.32 0.19 1.5 0.23 2 0.8

0 0.33 0.16 8 8 0 0.033 0 0.33 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 2 2

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 1.5 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0.4 0.32 0 0 0 0 0

8

Bedroom 1

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan

2 1

0.02 0.041

0.5 11

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0

0 0

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0 0.041

0.02 0.041

0 0.041

0 0

9

Toilet 1

Shower Water Heater Lithonia LED Strip Light

1 1

3 0.02

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

10

Guest Toilet

Lithonia LED Strip Light

1

0.02

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.02

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.3

0

0

0

0

0

0

11

Laundry Room

Washing Machine Lithonia LED Strip Light

1 1

0.46 0.02

1 8

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0.02

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0.46 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0.02

0 0.02

12

Master Bedroom

Air-conditioner Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan LED Wall Light Study Table Light Printer Air Cooler Table Fan Make up table light Clothes Iron Night Light Gaming Laptop Wifi router

1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

0.76 0.02 0.041 0.011 0.009 0.04 0.1 0.23 0.02 1 0.06 0.12 0.0054

11 14 14 0 0 0 0 3 0 0.033 4 9 24

0.76 0.04 00.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.02 00.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.02 00.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 0 0.0054

0.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 0 0.0054

0.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 0 0.0054

0.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 0 0.0054

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0.23 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0.23 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0.76 0.04 0.041 0 0 0 0 0.23 0 1 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054

0 0.02 0.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0 0.02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

0.76 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.0054

13

Master Bathroom

Lithonia LED Strip Light Hair Dryer

1 1

0.02 1.7

1 0.16

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0.01 0

0.01 1.7

0 0

0 0

0 0

14

Study Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan LED Wall Light Laptop

1 1 1 1

0.02 0.041 0.011 0.065

12 0 0 8

0.02 0 0 0.065

0.02 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0.065

0.02 0 0 0.065

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0.065

0 0 0 0.065

0 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0

0.02 0 0 0.065

0.02 0 0 0.065

0.02 0 0 0.065

15

Storage Room

Lithonia LED Strip Light

1

0.02

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

16

Bedroom 2

Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan Air-conditioner

1 1 1

0.02 0.041 0.76

10 8 2

0.02 0 0

0.02 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0.041 0

0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0

0.02 0.041 0

0 0 0.76

0 0 0.76

0.02 0.041 0

0.02 0 0

0 0 0

0.02 0.041 0

0.02 0.041 0

0.02 0.041 0

0.02 0.041 0

17

Bathroom 2

Shower Water Heater Lithonia LED Strip Light

1 1

3 0.02

0.66 1

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

3 0.02

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

18

Bedroom 3

Air-conditioner Lithonia LED Strip Light Ceiling Fan Laptop

1 1 1 1

0.76 0.02 0.041 0.12

9 6 20 6

0.76 0.02 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0 0.12

0 0 0 0.12

0 0 0.041 0

0 0.02 0.041 0

0.76 0 0.041 0.12

0.76 0 0 0.12

0 0 0.041 0.12

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0 0.041 0

0 0.02 0.041 0

0 0.02 0.041 0

0 0.02 0.041 0

0 0.02 0 0

Energy system & u-value Construction DETAILS

Concrete tile roofing

Construction Details

150mmthk overall brickwall with plaster and paint finish to both sides

Concrete Roof Tiles (10mm)

UBBL CLAUSE 38 A:

Radiation from Sun

900mm high tempered glassrailing

RCRoof Slab

Air gap

Plater Ceiling Board

Gutter

RCSlab front elevation

1 Concrete tile roofing detail

The U-value of the concrete tile roof is slightly higher than 0.4 W/m2K (under 50kg/m2) for light weight roof.

However, it still perform well enough since it still has low U-Value, which is0.6. It would be more efficient in resisting the heat transmittance by increasing the thickness of the mineral wool insulation to lower the U-value.

rear elevation

Walls & Roof U-VALUE OF BRICKWALLS WITH CEMENT PLASTER & PAINTED ON BOTH SIDES Layers

Thickness(m)

Thermal Conductivity(Wm/K)

Resistance (KM2/W)

-

-

0.04

Paint Finish

0.01

0.16

0.0625

Cement Plaster

0.03

0.18

0.167

Brick wall

0.11

0.6

0.183

Cement Plaster

0.02

0.18

0.11

Paint Finish

0.01

0.16

0.0625

-

-

0.13

Exterior Surface

Interior Surface Total

0.755

U-Value (1/R)

1.324

U-VALUE OF ROOF SLAB Layers

Thickness(m)

Thermal Conductivity(Wm/K)

Resistance (KM2/W)

-

-

0.04

Concrete Roof Tiles

0.01

1

0.01

Loft Space (Air Gap)

-

-

0.18

Mineral Wool

0.05

0.04

1.25

Plastic Ceiling Board

0.01

0.25

0.05

-

-

0.13

Exterior Surface

Internal Surface Total U-Value (1/R)

1.66 0.6

inside

outside

Radiation from Sun Paint Finish (10mm)

2 Brick walls section UBBL CLAUSE 38 A: The U-value of the wall is lower than 2.7 W/m2K (U-Value of typical 150mm wall with clay bricks 12mm screed both sides).This shows the walls are energy efficient enough to reduce the amount of heat transmittance with U-Value of 1.324

Cement Plaster (30mm)

Brick wall (100mm)

observation

The calculation of U-value of the Southwest façade which Bedroom 1,2 and 3 were located were exposed to the sun throughout the mid day. Therefore the internal temperature of these rooms will increase and its higher compared to other spaces as the do not have any shading such as proper roofing with insulation to protect from the sun. Moreover, users will feel hot throughout the day and on air-conditioning to satisfy the thermal comfort.

Energy & water consumption Total Energy consumption & co2 emission rate

Energy consumption

Energy consumption from 23 Mar – 21 Apr( 30 days) Block Tariff (kWh)

Block ProRate (kWh)

Rate (RM)

Amount (RM)

1-200

200

0.218

43.60

201-300

100

0.334

33.40

301-600

300

0.516

154.80

600-900

296

0.546

161.62

TOTAL Detail

896 Non-taxable

Usage (kwh)

393.42 Taxable

Total

600

296

896

231.80

161.62

393.42

Rebat ICPT

-12

-5.92

-17.92

Total Usage(RM)

219.80

155.70

375.50

RM

Service Tax(6%)

9.34

KWTBB(1.6%)

6.29

Total Bill of the Month (RM)

391.13

ELECTRIC USAGE

WATER USAGE

TRANSPORT USAGE

CO2 Emissions: 692.612 KgCO2

CO2 Emissions: 142.46 KgCO2

CO2 Emissions: 245.599 KgCO2

Total CO2 Emissions: 1.08 Tonne CO2

It takes 27.7 to be trees planted in order to absorb the total Emission.

CO2

Conclusion Due to the hot season it has less rain, causing the internal temperature to increase and due to the Movement Control Order, we can’t leave our house. Therefore, we on the aircon for long hours during day and night for thermal confort. These are the main causes of the increase of energy consumption of our house. .

Water bill calculation

Efficient Water Management WATER BILLS FOR 30 DAYS:

The water bill for 30 days from13 Apr 2021 until 12 May 2021 with the amount of RM3.40 for the water consumptionof 5familymembersinthehouse.

WATER USAGE:

CONSUMPTION RATE = 34 m AVERAGE DAILY CONSUMPTION PER PERSON

= =

34 m X 1000 30 days X 5 people 226.67 litres per person / day

1.

Solar water heating Panels

- issue: normal water heater uses high energy consumption in a short period of time. impact: replacing water heater with the solar water heating panels to reduce water heating cost and increase the water energy efficiency Advantages: more efficient, durable and easily to replace, require smaller roof area.

2. Installing A greywater system.

- issue: Too much water usage on different household activities. impact: Grey water contented with pathogenic micro organism which could cause a health risk Advantages: allow occupants to re-use the water from your sinks, washing machine and dishwasher for flushing toilets and watering plants outside.

Energy consumption pattern

Heat Map & Thermal Comfort

Top 10 Energy Consuming Appliances (monthly) Television Oven

Laptop LED Strip Light

5%

4%

2%

Induction Cooker

2%

Wet Kitchen

TOP 3 VAMPIRE APPLIANCES

1. Air conditioner (452.96kWh) 2. Refrigerator (177.408kWh)

5%

Dry Kitchen

3. Ceiling Fan (109.06kWh) 4. Freezer (71.84kWh)

Water Heater

7. LED Strip Light (53.76kWh) 8. Oven (40.032kWh)

7%

10. Induction Cooker ( 18.48kWh)

1-25

Study Room Praying

Master Bedroom

Air conditioning consumed the most energy compare to other appliances due to the hot season, less rain during the season has caused the internal temperature increases. Also, people can only stay indoor during MCO, therefore, air-con were used more than 10 hours during day and night for cooling purposes.

Consumption Pattern of Different Household Activities 13% 8%

24%

17%

20%

Weekday

Clean & Wash Eat Entertaining

Weekday 5%

9%

12%

9% 5%

33%

The pie chart above showcased that working and entertaining has the most energy consumption, due to the long hour usage of electrical devices and the use of cooling devices such as airconditioner.

However, it can be noticed that during the weekend, entertaining is more than working because users are having relax and leisure time.

Why is it dark?

- Most of the spaces are fully enclosed making daylight impossible to get in. Fully dependent on artificial lighting.

Master Bathroom

- Due to the neighboring context, it shades the back of the house, therefore, the rooms at the back is quite dark.

43%

17%

Shower

201-400

Air Conditioner Refrigerator

Work

401-800

26-50

Ceiling Fan

Rest

801-1600

Most of the spaces of the house are quite dark throughout the day, only the spaces which were next to window are slightly brighter such as the living room.

51-100

Room

45%

Bed room 3

Dining Room

Living Room

9. Television ( 25.74kWh)

10%

>1600

101-200

Guest Toilet

6. Water heater (55.44kWh)

Freezer

Bedroom 2

Lux Level

Laundry room

5. Laptop (56.26 kWh)

5%

Bath room 2

Bedroom 1

Car porch

1F

GF

Temperature Analysis Internal Temperature(GF) Spaces

8am

12pm

5pm

Living room

30.4

31.7

30.6

Kitchen

30.3

31.6

30.2

Dining room

30.02

31.6

30.2

Bedroom 1

29.6

30.3

29.5

Guest toilet

30.3

31.9

30.1

Wet kitchen

30.5

32.4

30.4

Bedroom 1

8am

12pm

5pm

Master Bedroom

29.3

32

30.1

Master Bathroom

30.1

31.3

30.7

Study Room

30

31

30.4

Bedroom 1

28.7

30.4

29.8

Bedroom 2

29

30.7

296

Bed room 2

Dry Kitchen

Bed room 3

Dining Room

Living Room

GF

Praying Room

Car porch

>30 C

Why Wet Kitchen so hot?

The space features a long polycarbonate roof on top of it, Moreover, there’s no shading on that space, causing the space glaring and hot during the afternoon sun.

Why Master Bedroom and Study Room so hot?

Study Room

Internal Temperature (1F) Spaces

27 C

Wet Kitchen

Master Bedroom

1F

Master Bathroom

West Afternoon Sun

The master bedroom which is facing northwest features large glazing and short overhang. The hot afternoon and west dun would penetrates in to the room without any shading devices.

Why the temperature of living room is cooler?

Although living room has a large glazing, but because of the car porch and the roof , it gives shading to the spaces. Therefore, living room is cooling.

Energy consumption by users behavior Hourly Energy in weekday & weekend

Total Energy Usage of Spaces (weekdays& weekends)

Hourly Energy Consumption in Weekdays& Weekend

9.6 13.44

Living Room

10.53 18.98

Dining Room

23.32 35.65

Kitchen

34.97 47.93

Bedroom 1

1.94 2.89

Guest Toilet

0.15 0.24

Laundry Room

3.1 3.88

Master Bedroom

40.66 51.67

Master Bathroom

1.46 2.04

Study room

2.63 3.10

Bedroom 2

6.14 10.04 10 14

Bathroom 2

13.25 30.24

Bedroom 3 ENERGY USAGE (kWh)

10

20

30

Top 3 energy consuming spaces

1. Master bedroom

1F

Cooling devices (air-con, fan), Lighting and digital devices were used for long hoursdue to work and study at home during MCOperiod.

2. Kitchen During MCO period, we cook at homemost of thetime. Baking& cooking requires time and kitchenappliancessuchasoven andinductioncooker.

3. Dining Room

GF

Most of the kitchen appliances werelocated indining area. The highest energy consuming appliances is the two refrigerators.

40

50

Occupant loadshabits

5.5

4.5

ENERGY USAGE (kWh)

Car Porch

3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

-0.5

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Mom Having various devicesconstant charging

Sister Reliance on air- conditioning.

No timer set for airconditioning usage.

Me Spends long hours on using electrical devices

Brother Leaving the lights on while leaving the room & often forgets to off the socket switch.

9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME OF DAY

Weekdays Usage

Weekend Usage ENERGY USAGE (kWh)

The household size is for 8 people, however, my father and my other two sisters were working in oversea. Therefore, there’s only 5 of us reside in the house at the moment. The spaces we stay most of the time is living room and the 3 bedrooms on the upper floors.

Daily Lifestyle & Habits

Grandma Cooking & Spends long hours on watching TV and forgot to off them when not in use.

8

Morning 7.00am-11.00am 7.00am –Do house chores such as doing laundry, prepare breakfast for the family .

10.30am-Starts prepare for cooking for lunch at 10.30am.

8.00am – Usually off the air-con for us and on the fan while we are still sleeping. Starts watching TV around 10.00am.

Noon 12.00pm- 18.00pm 12.00pm- After lunch, would watch TV for the whole afternoon and would leave the TV on when taking a nap.

2.00pm- Would start using/playing with one of her phone while another phone is charging.

16.00pm- Baking and Reheat food using microwave for dinner at 18.00pm.

8.30am – Get ready for working online, after having breakfast.

12.00pm – Each of us stay in different room at the same time for online classes and work.

Would turn on all the lights and fans while keeping the window closed due to the noise from outside. Keeping laptop and phone charged the whole time as their battery drains very fast.

9.00am – Get ready for online classes, and would turn on the aircon occasionally.

3.00pm – During hot days, would on air-con for cooling purposes and while napping. Would keep it on when not in the room sometimes.

8.00am – Get ready for online school, would spend most of the time staying in the master bedroom for online classes and work.

Night 19.00pm – 6.00am 19.00pm- After dinner, would take an hour break while watching TV before going to sleep at 20.00pm 20.00pm- After taking a hot shower, will precool the room before going to bed at 23.00pm.

21.00pm- Watch TV while playing with the phone.

21.00pm- After dinner, will stay in the living room with mom to watch TV. 1.30am- Uses laptop & phone for work & play before going to sleep.

21.00pm- Finishes online tuition in the room while turning on all lights, fan and aircon while in class.

3.00am – Sleeps.

20.00pm- After dinner, would went back to master bedroom to continue on assignment due to busy schedule of school work.

5.00am – Would sleep from around 3 to 5am depend on workload.

Energy saving potential strategies SUGGESTION TOWARDS ENERGY SAVING

1. Introduce Low- E glass 1

Change to

Tinted Glass

2. Install light well

Energy- Efficient Appliances

2

Energy efficient appliances with energy rated labels couldhelpenergyconsumptionat home.

Purchase a timer switch which controlsthe on and off timing of electrical equipment such as for appliancesand devices.

Maximize Use of Natural Ventilation

4

Issue: Tinted window is originally to provide for privacy reason, however it limits the light to penetrate through and create a dark interior space .

Methods: Replaced with low-e glass to block heat out but allow the light to penetrate through and reach the interior.

3. Effective Shading devices (louvres)

3

Issue: The lack of natural ventilation causing the users to use the cooling electrical appliances for long hours throughout the day.

Advantages: Reduce the electric lighting requirements of a building

Advantages: Provide free passage of air and sufficient light even when closed

5

6

Make sure the main power point and the switch is switched off when not in use. Do not leave themon andpluggedinall thetime.

4. Solar PV system Installation 7

Issue: Air-cond is a must for the household while sleeping at night, renewable energy sources can reduce energy used while maintaining current lifestyle.

Advantages: Reduces Electricity Bills, Low Maintenance Costs

Unplug appliances & turn off switch when not in use

Minimize the usage of air-conditioning

Should change the habit of using air- con too much, canset timertomanagethetimeof usage.

Complete Chores in one go

Wash the clothes only when there is full load of clothes to save the water and reduce energy consumptiongradually.

Installing larger glazing allows natural lighting to penetrates into the space without the needs to switchonthelights. Invest curtainstoprevent glare.

Issue: The lack of natural lighting in the study room, which is the space we spent most time in for work purpose, causing us to constantly turn on the light.

Set timer to control over usage of appliances

Replace the traditional lighting

Used LED lights is more efficient than other lights suchasFluorescent lightsby80%

8

Manage water usage & reuse them

User could take shorter bathing time and could reuse thewater(e.g. usericewatertowatertheplants.)

Reference list

Advantages of Louvre Windows (March 3 ,2017). Retrieved from: https://www.fremantledoor.com/advantages-louvre-windows/ Time Switches | Time Delay & Time Lag Switch | RS Components ( June26,2020). Retrieved from: https://my.rsonline.com/web/c/automation-control-gear/process-control/time-switches/ How does a greywater system work? ( April ,2016). Retrieved from: http://www.level.org.nz/water/wastewater/on-site-wastewatertreatment/greywater-recycling/greywater-systems/ Bathroom Sink Water Saving Tips( March 17,2016 ). Retrieved from: https://www.watercalculator.org/posts/bathroom-sink/

Plug & Receptacle_Product Center_Company About ZE ZING EAR ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.( May, 2018). Retrieved from: http://en.zingear.com/product/37/?gclid=CjwKCAjwoNuGBhA8EiwAFxomA2sE8FvWfpaYuEjagHbYnNvAGpooj2uw29tDMW28bhEvu9W1mmYIhoCNGkQAvD_BwE#c_portalResProduct_list-15764171696769567-2 BC Profiles. (May, 2011). uPVC Guttering, Guttering Downpipe. Retrieved from: https://www.bcprofiles.co.uk/productcategory/roofline-products/upvc-guttering-anddownpipe/#:%7E:text=UPVC%20guttering%20and%20downpipe%20is,the%20roof%20of%20your%20home.&text=This%20creates%20an%2 0effective%20way%20to%20drain%20water%20away%20from%20the%20roof.