building structures

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOURS) IN ARCHITECTURE

BUILDING STRUCTURE (2522/2523) STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF A BUNGALOW

Tutor:

Mr. Adib

Group Members:

Benjamin Tan Zi Hern Cheok Jian Shuang Chong Kit Yee Chong Xin Dean Chong Zhao Lun Lim Yang Kang

(0324857) (0320089) (0319748) (0325353) (0320408) (0320538)

Table of Contents 1.

Introduction of project

2.

Design Brief ● ●

3.

Architectural Drawing ● ● ●

4.

Foundation Plan Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Roof Plan

Slab Analysis : Load Distribution Path ● ●

6.

Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Roof Plan

Structural Drawing ● ● ● ●

5.

Calculation Formula Specification

Ground Floor First Floor

Column & Beam Analysis ● ● ●

Ground Floor First Floor Roof

7.

Individual Calculation

8.

Conclusion

1.0 Introduction of project For the assignment of the module Building Structures, we were sorted into groups of six, and tasked with a series of tasks that would challenge us with the ability to produce a complete documentation of our process from designing a structural system and being able to identify and calculate the structural components in it.

The tasks were sorted into two parts – group and individual. Each group is to obtain floor plan of a maximum 3 storeys bungalow, preferably 2 storeys. We are required to carry out structural framing and prepare structural drawings for the bungalow.

Structural plans should include foundation plan, ground floor plan, first floor plan and roof plan. For the individual components, we were asked to analysis minimum 4 beams (each beam must subject to different types of load, i.e. UDL from one or more than one slabs, beam with point load(s) or combination of UDL and PL) and analysis minimum 2 columns (from roof to foundation level).

The bungalow that we had chosen consists of one master bedroom with attached bathroom, minimum of four bedrooms, five bathroom, dry and wet kitchens, living hall, dining area and one store room. Little design element in this bungalow, but play with the spatial arrangement and location of wall structure. We had come out with our own design of column and beams. Using structural analysis to prove the whole design in buildable and structural stable. We have to understand the whole system of load transfer from the roof to the beam to the column and to foundation.

2.0 Design Brief Calculation Formula Slab system Ly = Longer side of slab Lx = Shorter side of slab When Lx/Ly>2, one way system When Lx/Ly<2, or =2, two way system

Beam Calculation Beam self weight = material density x size of the beam Brick wall self weight = material density x thickness x floor to floor height Dead load on slab = [material density x thickness x (Lx/2)]

one way/ two way

trapezoidal slab = [material density x thickness x (Lx/2)] x ⅔ Live load on slab = [UBBL live load factor x (Lx/2)]

two way triangular slab one way/ two way

trapezoidal slab = [UBBL live load factor x (Lx/2)] x ⅔

two way triangular slab

Ultimate load = (total dead load x 1.4) x (total live load x 1.6) Reaction force = ​∑​M=0 = ​∑​F=0

Column Calculation Brick wall self weight = material density x thickness x height x total length of walls in tributary area Slab self weight = material density x thickness x area of tributary Beam self weight = material density x size of beam x total length of beams in tributary area Column self weight = material density x size of column x height of column Live load on slab = UBBL live load factor x area of space within tributary area Ultimate load = (total dead load x 1.4) x (total live load x 1.6)

Specifications Material density​ ​(according to UBBL) Reinforced concrete = 24 kN/m​3 Roof slab = 1.0 kN/m​3

Size of beam All at 150mm x 450mm Beam self weight = 24kN/m​3​ x ( 0.15x0.45) = 1.62kN/m Brick wall self weight = 19kN/m​3​ x (3.3-0.45) x 0.15 = 8.12 kN/m

Size of column L shape column = 0.1941m​3 Normal column = 0.1069m​3

Thickness of slab All at 150mm Thickness of brick wall Brick = 110mm Plastering = 20mm (double layer of plastering = 150mm thick of the brick wall)

Ultimate dead load factor​ = 1.4 Ultimate live load factor​ = 1.6 Beam Generic Calculation According to 4th schedule of UBBL, Live load of each spaces differs according to the function of the spaces.

Live load distribution Living room = 4.0 kN/m​2 Bedroom = 1.5 kN/m​2 Kitchen = 3.0 kN/m​2 Storeroom = 2.5 kN/m​2 Study room = 1.5 kN/m​2 Family area = 2.0 kN/m​2 (Others will be assumed as 1.5 kN/m​2​)

Bathroom = 2.0 kN/m​2 Car porch = 3.0 kN/m​2 Balcony = 1.5 kN/m​2 Corridors = 4.0 kN/m​2 Stairs = 3.0 kN/m​2

3.0 Architectural Drawing

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4.0 Structural Drawing

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5.0 Slab Analysis

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6.0 Column Analysis

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INDIVIDUAL CALCULATION CHEOK JIAN SHUANG 0320089

INDIVIDUAL CALCULATION CHONG KIT YEE 0319748

INDIVIDUAL CALCULATION CHONG XIN DEAN 0325353

INDIVIDUAL CALCULATION BENJAMIN TAN ZI HERN 0324857

INDIVIDUAL CALCULATION CHONG ZHAO LUN 0320408

INDIVIDUAL CALCULATION LIM YANG KANG 0320538

8.0 Conclusion

Through this project, we learned how to design a building based on the calculating the load transfer from beam and column with mathematical diagram and formulas.

We also considering the possibility of different position of structural point can be support both dead load and live load to achieve the safety fro user experience. This exercise will helps us to propose a practical building structure for our future design project.

Understanding the importance of structure helps us to technically how to build building in real life. We learnt the structure can be able to withstand for any unpredicted or sudden shock and not only in a short times. Calculate the load transfer from the roof to the ground whether that the structure it is capable to withstand the load with the space with design.

We are grateful and appreciated to our lecture in teaching us this technical skills which we will apply this skill in our work in future.