Glass Foodscapes

FOODSCAPES SUPERINFRASTRUCTURES.

SUPERCITIES.

SUPERDUTCH.

Charlotta Chan / S1966676 MArch Modular Pathway 2019/20 ESALA / ECA / University of Edinburgh

Contents Westland, Netherlands [background research: national and global scale]

p4

Westland, Netherlands [background research: regional scale]

p11

‘s-Gravenzande, Westland [urban site analysis]

p19

Greenhouse : as an industrial typology [design specifications]

p28

Automation : the future of greenhouses [radical technologies]

p34

2040 : hyper-optimised, automated greenhouses [future scenario]

p38

Design Proposal : urban strategy

p42

2

Introduction

The Netherlands is the world’s number two food exporter measured by value. Second only to the United States which has 280 times its landmass. The Dutch horticulture relies heavily on greenhouse cultivation, which gives farmers full control over growing conditions and crop monitoring around the clock. The Westland region of the Netherlands, also known as the Glass City, has the highest concentration of greenhouse horticulture in the world, resulting in a blanket of glass that covers 80% of cultivated land. When seen from above at night, the industrial landscape is a sea of neon yellow and magenta light.

By 2040, all greenhouses will become automated and hyper-optimised. In order to satisfy the growing population and demand for food, the control and monitoring of crops have been replaced by artificial intelligences, robots and drones. There will no longer be a need for a team of farmers to run the greenhouse. Yet these vast human exclusive greenhouses situated only a street apart from residential areas are a stark contrast to the human inclusive town centres. By restructuring the greenhouse blanket and creating a labyrinth through the industrial landscape, this project aims to paint a future where greenhouses and humans co-exists in harmony with one another.

3

Westland, Netherlands [background research: national & global scale]

[background research]

Westland, Netherlands glass city

The Hague

Rijswijk

‘s-Gravenzande WESTLAND

Hook of Holland Maasvlakte Rotterdam Europoort Rotterdam

image: Google Earth Satellite View

5

[background research]

Global Network

export of tomatoes

previous semester 6

[background research]

Global Logistical Route distribution network

previous semester 7

[background research]

National CO2 Network environmental strategy

previous semester 8

[background research]

Global Network

export of tomatoes

previous semester 9

[background research]

Industrial Network urban eccentricities

10

Westland, Netherlands [background research: regional scale]

12

[background research]

Westland CO2 network environmental strategy

previous semester

13

[background research]

Light pollution

use of assimilation lighting

previous semester 14

photography credits: Tom Hegen

15

[background research]

LED Lighting

affect of light on plant growth

16

[background research]

Residential cores of Westland human inclusion zones

previous semester 17

[background research]

Ageing population

Life expectancy

l

No. of trucks on the road

NO2 Emissions

Self sustaining

CO2 from Europort

hica grap

Climate emergency

ge o

Better living standards

social

Unemployment

env iron

Leisure activity

Residual heat from Europort

Lack of housing

me

Green energy

Rise of housing costs

nta l

Urban restructuring

g

hical eograp

al t i dig

Road infrastructure

Urbanization

geographical

Lack of community facilities

geograp hical

Risks, Opportunities, Trends Network

LED Lighting

Need for digital infrastructures

Replacing old greenhouses

Reliance on digitalization

it dig

al

al st i c

Technology drones robots

Cyber attacks and security

i log

Large scale Clustered together

Hyper optimization of greenhouses

Importance of connectivity

Netherlands as a global food exporter

Increasing demand for food production

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Monster

‘ s-Gravanzande, Westland [urban site analysis]

‘ s-Gravenzande ‘s-Gravenzande as a residential core is located on the periphery of a greenhouse industrial blanket. This creates a unique tension between the human inclusion zone and the human exclusion zone.

[urban site analysis]

Community Network

urban eccentricities

20

21

[urban site analysis]

Urban Metabolism seasonal activities

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[urban site analysis]

Urban Metabolism activity hours

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[urban site analysis]

Public Space Users

P

spatial requirements

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[urban site analysis]

Public Space Users spatial requirements

P

P

P

P

P

P

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[urban site analysis]

Public Space Users relationship analysis

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[urban site analysis]

P

Public Space Users relationship analysis

P

P P

P

P

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GREENHOUSE : as an industrial ty pology [design specifications]

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[design specifications]

Tomato cultivation

specifications of a greenhouse

previous semester 30

[design specifications]

Greenhouse complex water storage tanks Ø 1.85m-25.5m

min. area: 15,000m2

cooling tower

90m

supporting buildings

farmer’s house backyard

90m - 200m

90m - 200m

1m

5m 12.

10m max.

8m max.

15m max.

12.5m

.

max

previous semester 460mm 460mm 1000mm

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[design specifications]

Technical Drawing typical greenhouse

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[design specifications]

Technical Drawing typical greenhouse

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AUTOMATION : the future of greenhouses [radical technologies]

[radical technologies]

Automation

robots and drones

1

2

3

4

5

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1. Autonomous Robot [Agrobot]- use of AI to determine ripeness of crops // picking crops // packing crops 2. Autonomous Flying Microbot [RoboBees] - pollination controlled through AI // environmental monitoring 3. Autonomous Robot Arm [Agrobot] - picking soft crops with care 4. Autonomous Robot Vehicle [MetaMotion] - identifiying and picking ripe fruits // on-board boxing system 5. Autonomous Robot + Software [IronOx] - running and monitoring a hydroponics farm // robot arms pluck the plants // sensors monitors elements like nitrogen and temperature 6. Drone - data collection // environmental elements monitoring // crops montitoring

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[radical technologies]

Automation

implementation in greenhouses

3

1

4

2

5

1. Automated Watering Robot 2. Monitoring Drone 3. Bell Pepper-packing Robot 4. Tomato-picking Robot 5. Tomtato ripeness detection

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[radical technologies]

Automation remote access

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2040 : hy per-optimised, automated greenhouses [future scenario]

[future scenario]

Future greenhouse technology now vs. future

CURRENT GREENHOUSES Greenhouses are already currently optimised but still require the employment of workers to do manual labour such as crop picking, seeding, monitoring.

Greenhouse working environments are not ideal for the human being due to the humidity and temperature conditions.

FUTURE GREENHOUSES Greenhouses are hyper-optimised in terms of efficiency by running fully automated. There is no longer a need for so many labour workers to run the greenhouse. All the devices are connected to a digital platform for remote access control and monitoring.

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future scenario

40

future scenario

WATERING PLANT HEALTH SENSOR ON/OFF SEND DATA ANALYZE

GUTTER #153 172 DAYS AGO HEALTH_4/5 WATERING _ YES/NO

WATERING PLANT HEALTH SENSOR ON/OFF SEND DATA ANALYZE

41

DESIGN PROPOSAL : urban strategy [urban restructuring of greenhouses] [giving back to the residents of ‘s-Gravenzande]

[design proposal]

Urban Strategy connectivity

Plaza Program for community Greenhouse Existing greenhouses

43

[design proposal]

Urban strategy design concept

EXISTING : GREENHOUSE CLUSTER

DESIGN PROPOSAL : CARVE OUT A PATH Exising greenhouses in the area are clustered but not maximizing the use of space, resulting in leftover gaps between them. The design proposal calls for an urban restructuring of the area, merging several greenhouses into a single hyper-optimised one while carving out a path to give back to the residential community as a connection from the town to the beach.

FUTURE SCENARIO : HYPER-OPTIMISED

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[design proposal]

Activity Moments

sequence & hirearchy

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[design proposal]

Urban Strategy existing condition

Site Pedestrian route Vehicular route Rainwater collection Delivery Truck

Proposed access Further expansion

46

[design proposal]

Urban Strategy

proposed intervention

Site Pedestrian route Vehicular route Rainwater collection Delivery Truck

Proposed access Further expansion

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[design proposal]

Urban Strategy labrinth sequence

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[design proposal]

Labrinth journey starting point

CHILL-OUT

path

RELAX

path

SKATE

‘s-Gravenzande main public plaza

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

CHILL-OUT

PICNIC

CHILL-OUT

street in town center

STAGE

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path

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TOWER

STAGE

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residential meets industrial

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path

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path

SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Chill-out

plan & section

Section [1:100@A3]

Plan [1:100@A3]

CHILL-OUT

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[labrinth journey]

Chill-out

axonometry

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path

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ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Typical Pathway plan & section

Section [1:100@A3]

Plan [1:100@A3]

CHILL-OUT

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ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Typical Pathway axonometry

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path

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ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Relax

plan & section

Section [1:100@A3]

Plan [1:100@A3]

CHILL-OUT

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CHILL-OUT

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path

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ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Relax

axonometry

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path

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path

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ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Skate Park

plan & section

Section [1:100@A3]

Plan [1:100@A3]

CHILL-OUT

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CHILL-OUT

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path

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ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Skate Park axonometry

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SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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PICNIC

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STAGE 6

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TOWER

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labrinth journey

Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex

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Plans [1:300@A3]

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Lower Ground Plan [-4.00]

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1. Skate rental and skate school 2. Office 3. Skate storage and repair 4. Home team locker room 5. Away team locker room 6. Storage 7. Control room 8. Refridgeration room 9. Mechanical room 10. Zamboni 11. Ice Hockey Rink 12. Toilets and changing room 13. Skate change and lockers

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labrinth journey 4500

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Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex

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14. Entrance and reception 15. Shop 16. Juice bar 17. Spectators seating 18. Toilets 19. Zamboni access 20. Storage 21. Cafe

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59 B

Ground Floor Plan [+0.00}

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labrinth journey

Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex

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First Floor Plan [+5.00] R

22. Ice Skating Rink S

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labrinth journey

Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex

4500

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4000

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+10.50

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Roof Floor Plan [+8.50] R

23. Landscaped roof deck S

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labrinth journey

Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex

Section A [1:200@A3]

Section B [1:200@A3]

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path

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SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex sequential narrative

10:00am // Signing in for class at reception

8:00am // Entrance to building

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path

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SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex sequential narrative

3:00pm // free skate in the afternoon

12:30pm // Watching practice from the cafe

CHILL-OUT

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path

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path

SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex sequential narrative

11:00pm // Late night stroll around the building

6:00pm // Ice skating before dinner

CHILL-OUT

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path

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path

SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Picnic Zone

plan & section

Section [1:100@A3]

Plan [1:100@A3]

CHILL-OUT

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CHILL-OUT

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path

SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Picnic Zone axonometry

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path

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path

SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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[labrinth journey]

Urban Stage plan & section

Section [1:100@A3]

Plan [1:100@A3]

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CHILL-OUT

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RELAX

path

SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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TOWER

STAGE

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[labrinth journey]

Urban Stage axonometry

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path

RELAX

path

SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

CHILL-OUT

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TOWER

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[labrinth journey]

Lookout Tower plan & section

Section [1:100@A3]

Plan [1:100@A3]

CHILL-OUT

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path

SKATE

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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TOWER

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[labrinth journey]

Lookout Tower axonometry

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[urban strategy]

Labrinth journey destination

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SKATE

bike lane near the beach

ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE

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entrance to beach

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beach looking at Eurooport

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