Construction Analysis 2019 Semester 2 | Assignment 3

ABPL20033 - Construction Analysis, Semester 2 - 2019 Dr Alberto Pugnale, Subject coordinator Dr Sofia Colabella, Senior Tutor Anthony Blazquez, Tutor Charlie Reinhardt, 996815, 18/082019 Lake Wendouree House, Tutorial 22.

ASSIGNMENT 3

FLIPBOOK SECTION 3D: Layers of information

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS BELOW GROUND

Waffle Raft The ground floor slab is constructed through a 110mm thick waffle raft and uses a 6mm square mesh on a grid of 200mm.

110mm thick ribs seperate the void formers and include1 bar of N16 (normal ductility,

Edge Beams

Pad Footings Pad footings are placed beneath the columns at a size of 1000mm square and a minimum of 500mm deep. Blinding concrete is used.

The edge beams are placed above a 300mm wide 15 MPa Blinding Concrete set into a 200mm minimum depth stiff clay. The 300mm wide, 600mm deep edge beams include 3-L12 reinforcement bars.

How did the site conditions affect the design of the house?

John Wardle Architects had a relatively flat site to work with, however after reviewing the site, the architects were drawn to the Lake across the road which is in fact artificial. Thus Wardle created his own landscape not unlike the lake itself.

From the front of the house, the front garden slowly meets up to the house, eventually meeting waist height and the dining room. From here, the dining room is sunken and the artificial landscape is clearly expressed. To achieve the desired landscape, the waffle slab was used which sits above layers of compacted fill to achieve a strong, flat surface. Furthermore, with the street and the views to the north, John Wardle Architects provided a connection with the street with a sweeping front window but also provided elegant and framed views of Lake Wendouree.

Edge provides a rebate to allow for masonry. A check out from the edge beam will create a ledge for the brick to rest on lower than the top of the slab. This is an added precaution to prevent surface runoff water from entering the building

3-L12 Bars help reinforce the concrete in the internal beams.

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Polystyrene pods are essentially 98% air and is created on-ground rather than in-ground. This helped the architects create their artificial landscape which the three pavilions sat on.

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Vertical Retaining Walls There are two retaining walls on the western side of the house. The first is 140mm core filled reinforced block work and the second is a 220mm thick concrete retaining wall. Both walls use N12-200 for reinforcement.

Foundation Stairs The stairs into the conservatory are part of the slab.

Beneath the slab, Class 2 crushed rock is used as a compacted fill. Above this sits a 50mm sand bed with a 0.2mm polyethylene sheet used as a damp proof membrane for the slab.

200mm grid square mesh improves the tensile structure of the concrete slab and prevents cracks in the structure.

Stairs are included in the slab and rise 172mm. N12 reinforcement bars are centred 200mm apart and crank at the top and bottom of the stairs.

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ABOVE GROUND

Secondary Structure

Bracing

G Floor

STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS

Primary - 250 PFC - 300 PFC - 450x63 Hyspan - 2/140 x 45 KD Pine

530 deep long reach floor trusses at 450mm centres

Trip-L-Grip fix trimmer to floor joists at each end

- 260 PFC - 89x89x5 SHS - 125x75x4 RHS - 200x100x5 RHS - 90x45 MGP10 Pine at 600mm Centres Stud Walls with noggings

90x45 MGP10 Pine at 600mm Centres Stud Walls with noggings

Cross Wall Bracing - 30x0.8mm Galvinised Metal - 30-60 degrees Plywood Bracing

190x45 F7 KD Pine Lintel

140x45 F17 KDHW at 600mm Centres

Trip-L-Grip fix trimmer to roof truss

90x45 KDHW - timber elements supporting roof

90x45 MGP10 Pine at 600mm Centres Stud Walls with noggings

Cross Wall Bracing - 30x0.8mm Galvinised Metal - 30-60 degrees.

190x45 F7 KD Pine frames the skylight

190x45 MGP10 Pine at 450mm Centres placed in between vertical structure

180 UB 16 190x45 F7 KD Pine

180 UB 16 190x45 F7 KD Pine

Roof

How does the structure define the composition of architectural form and space?

The above ground structural systems help to define the series of pavilions. These pavilions come from the boathouses sat in Lake Wendouree which hover gracefully over the water. To achieve this hovering effect, John Wardle Architects use the steel structure to cantilever the third pavilion which is sat at the back of the house. Materiality also helps to define this hovering effect. Through the structure and cantilevered steel, a courtyard space compliments the central kitchen which attracts the occupants of the house. Furthermore, the structure allows the architects to use expansive glass and emphasise the connection the building has with its artificial landscape.

Primary structure steel work acts as the skeleton of the building enabling the design to flourish and include cantilevers and maximum glazing.

180mm x 16mm Universal Beams are included in the complex roof structure to make the form possible.

Vertical

F Floor

Horizontal Primary

Secondary Structure

Bracing

190x45 Pine blocking attaching roof structure to wall.

90x45 Pine studwork as primary support

90x45 Pine noggings acting as secondary structure Floor joists at 450mm centres allow the building to have insulation and services run through the ceiling, reducing extra effort.

Rectangular Hollow Section 200x100x5 Square 89x89x6

Hollow

Steel bracing in strips

Section

Rectangular Hollow Section 125x75x4

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INTERNAL (NON-LOAD BEARING) PARTITIONS Fixed

How do the internal partitions organise the life inside the building?

The internal partitions of the Lake Wendouree House appropriately organises the spaces of the home. Starting with the ground floor, there is a clear spine that runs from the entrance to the back and splits up the functions of the house. The living spaces sit along the western side of the building allowing easy navigation to the most used spaces inside the house.

Along the eastern wall sit the laundry, cellar and bathroom. The internal partitions are more prevalent in these areas as they are enclosed to reduce the noise and for privacy reasons. On the first floor sit the bedrooms, study, and tv room. The three bedrooms on the south are internally separated and match the form of the pavilion. The main bedroom is privately placed at the north with an ensuite away from the childrens bedrooms providing seclusion for the parents. However, the living space upstairs connects the two sides of upstairs and brings the family together again.

Stud Wall 90x45 MGP10 Pine at 600mm Centres Stud Walls with noggings. Braced with galvanised metal or plywood.

Moveable Steel

Doors

Kitchen Bench framing becomes and internal partition with major use of steel.

89x89x5 SHS + 50x50x2 SHS

Internal doors increase the privacy of a room.

Rooms without doors at the entrance, like the kitchen suggest to the user the space is open for anyone. The bedroom doors are solid hardwood and the door into the conservatory is a clear glass door. These differences in material suggest the different privacy of a space.

Internal partitions frame the rooms intended joinery, creating neat finishes throughout the entirety of the house.

Solid hardwood doors mediating the private and public spaces.

13mm plasterboard used for the internal partitions finishes.

140x45 F7 KD Pine lintel supporting the laundry door frame 90x45 studs used for internal partitions.

Kitchen bench steel framing cantilevered off the western wall.

This major structure acts an internal partition as it forms the majority of this space and affects the occupants circulation.

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONS

Horizontal Waterproofing

How did the architect approach the design of environmental protections? Do the elevations express or hide environmental protections?

Polyethylene sheet is placed below slab to act as a damp-proof membrane.

Although the boat house pavilion at the south end of the house is sloped in multiple directions, the side cladding of the first level seamlessly connects to the roof line and appears to be one form. The gutters are hidden within the roof and the only thing you can see is the rainwater head on the eastern side. However, this is finished in the same colour as the cladding to try and express the form more thoroughly without any distractions. Similarly to the front of the house, the roof line appears to be flat because of the block form of the first pavilion. This is not the case however, with the external walls hiding the actual roof structure. In terms of internal environmental protection, the building is fitted with 120mm thick insulation in the external walls to create a comfortable environment inside for the occupants.

Insulation

Vertical Gutters

Bradford Gold ceiling batts R-Value 4.1, thickness 210mm Bradford Anticon Roof Blanket R-Value 1.3, thickness 60mm

Cross Wall Bracing - 30x0.8mm Galvinised Metal - 30-60 degrees Plywood Bracing

Level one above floor joists - Bradford soundscreen plus R-Value 3, thickness 120mm

Cross Wall Bracing - 30x0.8mm Galvinised Metal - 30-60 degrees.

Waterproofing

Insulation

Dupont Tyvek Home wrap sarking External Walls - Bradford Soundis used in the roof to protect the screen R-Value 3.2, thickness of home from water and act as a 120mm vapour barrier.

Internal Walls - Bradford Soundscreen Plus R-Value 2.5, thickness of 88mm

Gutters Box Gutter - Connecting two Pav Finish: Colorbond Ultra Thickness: Nominal 0.6 mm.

Colour: Dune Box Gutter - Above Zinc Pav Finish: VM zinc. Autumn Red Pigmento PLUS Thickness: Nominal 0.7 mm.

Downpipe Shape: Round – 100mm Diameter Fixing: Matching zinc offset fixing straps Preferred Supplier: H M Metalcraft.

Gutters are set to a 1:100 slope in the direction of the rainwater head which flows to the water tanks.

Bulk insulation installed within the walls, ceiling and floor to create a well protected environment from Ballarats harsh conditions.

A smaller R-value of insulation is used in the internal walls as these are not affected by the external harshness.

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Mechanical and Electrical Systems

MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

HVAC HEATING Hydronic in-slab heating is used throughout the ground floor.

Did the architect organise the internal spaces to place mechanical and electrical services efficiently?

For mechanical and electrical services to be defined as efficient, piping and cable needs to be minimised but still achieve a good outcome for the occupants. The architects in this case have placed all the services on the eastern wall of the house hidden away from the street and conveniently placed for the laundry and majority of bathrooms on this side of the house. The Air Conditioning unit is a heat recovery air conditioning unit from Daikin. It is a duct air system and sits inside the ceiling in an organised manner hidden away from the users. Conveniently, the Hot Water System, Boiler and Pump sit in line with the Solar Hot Water system placed on the roof. In terms of electrical placement, cabling is run through the timber stud walls and ceilings to reach each room for lighting and power. However due to the house having an in-built speaker service, more cabling is required and possible inefficient.

VENTILATION Exhaust fan grills are placed within the bathrooms, laundry and kitchen.

COOLING Duct Air conditioner units are placed into the ceilings of the house.

Water Supply

Electricity

The water supply is supplied from the water mains and the rainwater tanks next to the garage at the back of the house. Along the eastern side of the house sits the hot water system which produces hot water for the clients through solar power and provides hot water to the occupants around various taps.

The house incorporates solar energy into the building by placing 22 solar panels on the roof facing north. This is then transferred to an inverter ready for use through the GPO wall outlets, lighting and other services like the hot water system and the speaker system.

Solar Energy Diagram

PV Roof Tiles

DC Inverter

Tesla Powerwall

AC

PV Meter

Electrical Switchboard

Utility Meter

Household Loads

The services are located on the eastern wall away from the street. This can be easily accessible however, and is convenient as all the services are grouped together.

Bedroom GPOs. Bedrooms have up to 4 GPOs allowing the occupants to have conveniency in their private spaces.

The stud wall construction makes it easy for the mechanics, electricians and plumbers to install the required services.

Downlights are placed in the ceiling of most rooms and provide a minimalistic lighting approach.

Water supply for the laundry and bathroom on the first floor.

Electrical Water Supply

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PHYSICAL ENCLOSURE SYSTEMS External Finishes

Do the physical enclosures express aspects of the building (internal spaces, structure and materiality)?

The zinc cladding on the first floor of the building expresses the house-boat design concept idea clearly. The notion of the boat house floating on the water is exemplified through the first floor contrasted to the ground floor and appearing to float. Furthermore, not only does the first floor contrast the ground floor in this pavilion, the pavilion itself contrasts the rest of the buildings forms. The front of the building is built up in Grampian blue bricks however, the façade expresses much more than that and connects to the idea of Ballarat’s admired frontal hedges. Boston ivy has grown over the brick and is now read as a house immersed in nature. Lastly, the boat house pavilion is separated into three parts, each with its own external identity, an expression of the house’s occupants which live inside each of these spaces.

VM zinc Profile: Zinc double lock system with 25mm standing seam on wrap shield by Vapro shield over 19mm marine plywood.

Module: 430mm ctrs

Internal Finishes

Vertical Skylights

External Cladding

Internal Finishes

Windows

13 mm Plasterboard - Ceiling allows Skylights allow light into south-facfor a minimal interior and express- ing bedrooms. They are integrated es the furnishings instead. into the sloping roofs to emphasise the form.

VM zinc Profile: Zinc double lock system with 25mm standing seam on wrap shield

by Vapro shield over 19mm marine plywood. Module: 430mm ctrs

13 mm Plasterboard - Walls allows Glazing used on windows is Low-E for a minimal interior and express- double glazed. This allows maxies the furnishings instead. mum solar heat gain in winter but minimum in summer.

5.8mm Pure Wool Carpet - bedroom floor. Carpet allows a warmth for the occupants when in their most comfortable room.

Grampian Blue Dark Bricks from Krause Bricks have been used with a stretcher bond.

Tasmanian Oak Frames surround the windows adding to the natural aesthetic.

20-40mm Sandstone Paving with drytreat Satin Proof coat is applied to the conservatory and kitchen.

This is a natural finish and adds to the concept.

Dark zinc cladding seamlessly connects the side of the home to the roof. This enhances the differences between the three different pavilions

13mm White plasterboard makes the spaces softer and lighter allowing the occupants to feel comfortable in their private spaces

The brickwork contrasts the zinc cladding and allows the top half of the building to appear to be floating.

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