Northern
David Levine
Baruch College, City University of New York
Kathryn Szabat
La Salle University
David Stephan
Two Bridges Instructional Technology
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A F IRST
SEVENTH
University B USINESS S TATISTICS :
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EDITION
Business Statistics A First Course 7th Edition Levine Test Bank Full Download: http://testbanktip.com/download/business-statistics-a-first-course-7th-edition-levine-test-bank/ Download all pages and all chapters at: TestBankTip.com
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ISBN-13: 978-0-321-99822-4
ISBN-10: 0-321-99822-7
www.pearsonhighered.com
i Table of Contents Getting Started Important Things to Learn First GS-1 Chapter 1 Defining and Collecting Data 1-1 Chapter 2 Organizing and Visualizing Data 2-1 Chapter 3 Numerical Descriptive Measures 3-1 Chapter 4 Basic Probability 4-1 Chapter 5 Discrete Probability Distributions 5-1 Chapter 6 The Normal Distribution 6-1 Chapter 7 Sampling Distributions 7-1 Chapter 8 Confidence Interval Estimation 8-1 Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Hypothesis Testing: One-Sample Tests 9-1 Chapter 10 Two-Sample Tests and One-Way ANOVA 10-1 Chapter 11 Chi-Square Tests 11-1 Chapter 12 Simple Linear Regression 12-1 Chapter 13 Multiple Regression 13-1 Chapter 14 Statistical Applications in Quality Management 14-1
The Test Item File contains a variety of multiple-choice, true-false, problem and fill-in questions based on the definitions, concepts, and ideas developed in each chapter. In addition, numerical problems and Microsoft® Excel computer output problems are also given with solutions provided in multiple-choice, true-false, problem and fill-in format.
The Test Item File is intended to assist instructors in preparing examinations. The questions included herein highlight the key topics covered throughout each chapter. The keywords after each question, and the Keywords to Subsections Cross-reference and Subsections to Keywords Cross-reference are intended to help instructors easily locate questions on a specific topic or concept. Explanation is provided when the rationale of the correct answer to a difficult question is rather obscure. The format for the Test Item File will facilitate grading and should be helpful to instructors who teach very large sections.
The intended difficulty level (easy, moderate, difficult) of each question in the Test Item File is stated in order to facilitate test item selection by instructors wishing to create specific types of exams. However, some words of caution must be given. The classification of question difficulty level is very subjective and each question should be evaluated based on the emphasis the particular topic was given in class and how much emphasis is to be given to numerical results obtained by calculator rather than computerized results obtained from Microsoft® Excel. As an operational definition that is used here, items are classified as easy if they pertain directly to definitions and fundamental concepts. Test items are classified as moderate if they require some numerical calculations with more than a minimal number of steps or if they require a broader understanding of the topic. Test items that are classified as difficult are done so because of the level of rigor of the subject, the length of the narrative, the amount of effort required for solution, or for responses that require more thought and analysis.
Instructors are also advised that all answers in the Test Item File are computed using Microsoft® Excel or PHStat2 with no rounding involved in the intermediate steps. If students use rounding with formulae and a calculator, their answers might be different from those provided in the answer keys. Likewise, if students use the statistical tables at the end of the book instead of Microsoft® Excel or PHStat2, their answers might also differ from those provided in the answer keys due to rounding. Whenever possible, we provide answers obtained using both Microsoft® Excel/PHStat2 and the statistical tables if they are very different.
This Test Item File and others that are similar suffer from one major weakness. They do not permit an evaluation of the students’ written communication skill. The authors highly recommend that, if possible, instructors who use this Test Item File supplement it with at least one short essay type question so that an assessment can be made of the students’ understanding of concepts as well as how they can make connections across various topics.
The following tabular display is a breakdown of the number of questions in each chapter by type.
iv
Preface
v Chapter Multiple Choice True/FalseFillin Problem Total GS 8 19 6 0 33 1 82 49 39 0 170 2 59 51 84 24 218 3 41 34 38 78 191 4 60 20 38 53 171 5 21 12 61 49 143 6 19 12 32 83 146 7 30 37 41 31 139 8 30 111 37 30 208 9 79 89 39 22 229 10 131 58 60 65 314 11 49 41 24 18 132 12 80 46 78 46 250 13 107 84 48 36 275 14 44 59 38 18 159 Total 840 722 663 553 2778
vi Keywords to Subsections Cross-reference Keyword Chapter Section aprioriprobability 4 1 A2factor 14 5 additionrule 4 1 adjustedcoefficientofdetermination 13 2 adjustedr-square 13 2 analysisofmeans 10 5 analysisofproportions 11 2 arithmeticmean 3 1 assumption 9 1 assumption 10 1 assumption 10 2 assumption 10 4 assumption 10 5 assumption 11 2 assumption 11 3 assumption 12 4 assumption 12 5 assumption 13 3 autocorrelation 12 4 autocorrelation 12 5 autocorrelation 12 6 barchart 2 3 Bayes'theorem 4 3 beta-risk 9 1 bigdata GS 3 binomialdistribution 5 2 boxplot 3 3 businessanalytics GS 3 cchart 14 4 capabilityindex 14 6 categoricalvariable 1 1 centerline 14 2 centerline 14 4 centerline 14 5 centrallimittheorem 7 2 centrallimittheorem 8 1 centrallimittheorem 8 2 centrallimittheorem 8 3 challengesinvisualizingdata 2 7 Chebyshevrule 3 4 chi-squaretest 11 1 chi-squaretest 11 2 chi-squaretest 11 3 Chi-squaretestfordifferenceintwoproportions 11 1 Chi-squaretestofindependence 11 3 choiceofchart 2 3 choiceofchart 2 4
vii Keyword Chapter Section choiceofchart 2 5 classboundaries 2 2 classinterval 2 2 classmidpoint 2 2 clustersample 1 3 coefficientofcorrelation 12 7 coefficientofdetermination 12 3 coefficientofmultipledetermination 13 2 coefficientofvariation 3 2 collectiveexhaustive 4 1 columnpercentages 2 1 combination 4 4 commoncausesofvariation 14 1 commoncausesofvariation 14 2 commoncausesofvariation 14 3 commoncausesofvariation 14 6 complement 4 1 completelyrandomizeddesign 10 5 conclusion 9 1 conclusion 9 2 conclusion 9 3 conclusion 9 4 conclusion 10 1 conclusion 10 2 conclusion 10 3 conclusion 10 4 conclusion 10 5 conclusion 11 1 conclusion 11 2 conclusion 11 3 conclusion 12 7 conclusion 13 2 conclusion 13 4 conclusion 13 5 conditionalprobability 4 2 confidencecoefficient 9 1 confidenceinterval 8 1 confidenceinterval 8 2 confidenceinterval 8 3 confidenceinterval 9 1 confidenceinterval 9 2 confidenceinterval 9 4 confidenceinterval 10 1 confidenceinterval 10 2 confidenceinterval 10 3 confidenceinterval 12 7 confidenceinterval 12 8 confidenceinterval 13 4 contingencytable 2 1 contingencytable 2 6
viii Keyword Chapter Section contingencytable 4 1 contingencytable 11 1 contingencytable 11 2 contingencytable 11 3 continuousvariable 1 1 controlchart 14 1 controlchart 14 2 controlchart 14 4 controlchart 14 5 controllimit 14 1 controllimit 14 2 controllimit 14 4 controllimit 14 5 conveniencesample 1 3 countingrule 4 4 covariance 3 5 coverageerror 1 4 Cpindex 14 6 Cpkindex 14 6 CPLindex 14 6 CPUindex 14 6 criticalvalue 8 1 criticalvalue 8 2 criticalvalue 8 3 criticalvalue 9 1 criticalvalue 9 2 criticalvalue 9 3 criticalvalue 9 4 criticalvalue 10 1 criticalvalue 10 2 criticalvalue 10 3 criticalvalue 10 4 criticalvalue 10 5 criticalvalue 11 1 criticalvalue 11 2 criticalvalue 11 3 criticalvalue 12 7 criticalvalue 13 2 criticalvalue 13 4 criticalvalue 13 5 cumulativedistribution 2 2 cumulativepercentagedistribution 2 2 cumulativepercentagedistribution 2 4 cumulativepercentagepolygon(ogive) 2 4 cumulativerelativefrequency 2 4 d2factor 14 5 d3factor 14 5 D3factor 14 5 D4factor 14 5 data GS 2
ix Keyword Chapter Section DCOVAframework GS 1 decision 9 1 decision 9 2 decision 9 3 decision 9 4 decision 10 1 decision 10 2 decision 10 3 decision 10 4 decision 10 5 decision 11 1 decision 11 2 decision 11 3 decision 12 7 decision 13 2 decision 13 4 decision 13 5 degreesoffreedom 10 1 degreesoffreedom 10 2 degreesoffreedom 10 4 degreesoffreedom 10 5 degreesoffreedom 11 1 degreesoffreedom 11 2 degreesoffreedom 11 3 degreesoffreedom 12 7 degreesoffreedom 13 2 degreesoffreedom 13 4 Deming's14points 14 7 descriptivestatistics GS 2 differenceamongmorethantwomeans 10 5 differencebetweentwomeans 10 1 differencebetweentwomeans 10 2 differencebetweentwoproportions 10 3 differencebetweentwovariances 10 4 discretevariable 1 1 dummyvariable 13 5 Durbin-Watsonstatistic 12 6 empiricalprobability 4 1 empiricalrule 3 4 estimation 12 7 estimation 12 8 estimation 13 1 estimationofmeanvalues 12 8 estimationofmeanvalues 13 1 ethicalissues 1 4 ethicalissues 8 5 ethicalissues 9 5 Fdistribution 10 4 Ftest 10 4 Ftestforfactor 10 5
x Keyword Chapter Section Ftestonslope 12 7 Ftestontheentireregression 13 2 five-numbersummary 3 3 formofhypothesis 9 1 formofhypothesis 9 2 formofhypothesis 9 3 formofhypothesis 9 4 formofhypothesis 10 1 formofhypothesis 10 2 formofhypothesis 10 3 formofhypothesis 10 4 formofhypothesis 10 5 formofhypothesis 11 1 formofhypothesis 11 2 formofhypothesis 11 3 formofhypothesis 12 7 formofhypothesis 13 2 formofhypothesis 13 4 formofhypothesis 13 5 frame 1 3 frequencydistribution 2 2 histogram 2 4 homoscedasticity 12 4 homoscedasticity 12 5 homoscedasticity 13 3 independence 4 2 inferentialstatistics GS 2 interaction 13 5 intercept 12 2 intercept 13 1 interpretation 2 1 interpretation 2 2 interpretation 2 3 interpretation 2 4 interpretation 3 5 interpretation 8 1 interpretation 8 2 interpretation 8 3 interpretation 10 5 interpretation 12 2 interpretation 12 3 interpretation 12 4 interpretation 12 7 interpretation 13 1 interpretation 13 2 interpretation 13 4 interpretation 13 5 interquartilerange 3 3 jointprobability 4 1 judgmentsample 1 3
xi Keyword Chapter Section leansixsigma 14 8 leastsquares 12 2 levelofsignificance 9 1 levelofsignificance 9 2 levelofsignificance 9 3 levelofsignificance 9 4 marginalprobability 4 1 marginalprobability 4 2 mean 3 1 mean 6 2 mean 7 2 mean 8 1 mean 8 2 mean 9 1 mean 9 2 mean 9 3 mean(expectedvalue) 5 1 mean(expectedvalue) 5 2 mean(expectedvalue) 5 3 meandifference 10 2 meansquares 10 5 meansquares 13 2 measureofcentraltendency 3 1 measureofvariation 3 2 measurementerror 1 4 median 3 1 mode 3 1 multidimensionalcontingencytable 2 6 multiplicationrule 4 2 mutuallyexclusive 4 1 nonprobabilitysample 1 3 nonresponseerror 1 4 normaldistribution 3 4 normaldistribution 6 2 normaldistribution 6 3 normalprobabilityplot 6 3 normality 13 3 numberofclasses 2 2 one-tailedtest 9 3 one-wayanalysisofvariance 10 5 pchart 14 2 parameter 1 2 parameter 8 1 parameter 8 2 parameter 8 3 parameter 9 1 parameter 9 2 parameter 9 3 parameter 9 4 Paretochart 2 3
xii Keyword Chapter Section percentagedistribution 2 2 percentagepolygon 2 4 permutation 4 4 piechart 2 3 pointestimate 8 1 pointestimate 10 1 pointestimate 10 3 Poissondistribution 5 3 polygon 2 4 pooledvariance 10 1 population 1 2 populationmean 3 4 populationstandarddeviation 3 4 populationvariance 3 4 power 9 1 predictioninterval 12 8 predictionofindividualvalues 12 8 predictionofindividualvalues 13 2 probability 6 2 probability 7 2 probability 7 3 probabilitydistribution 5 1 probabilitydistribution 5 2 probabilitydistribution 5 3 probabilitysample 1 3 probabilitysample 1 4 processcapability 14 6 properties 5 2 properties 5 3 properties 6 2 properties 7 1 properties 8 1 properties 8 2 properties 8 3 properties 8 4 properties 10 4 properties 10 5 properties 11 1 properties 11 2 properties 11 3 properties 12 2 properties 12 3 properties 12 4 properties 12 5 properties 12 6 properties 12 7 properties 12 8 properties 13 2 properties 13 3 properties 13 5
xiii Keyword Chapter Section proportion 7 3 proportion 8 3 proportion 9 4 p-value 9 1 p-value 9 2 p-value 9 3 p-value 9 4 p-value 10 1 p-value 10 2 p-value 10 3 p-value 10 4 p-value 10 5 p-value 11 1 p-value 11 2 p-value 11 3 p-value 12 7 p-value 13 2 p-value 13 4 quartile 3 3 Rchart 14 5 randomnumber 1 3 range 3 2 reasonsforlearningstatistics GS 1 reasonsforsampling 1 3 redbeadexperiment 14 3 rejectionregion 9 1 rejectionregion 9 2 rejectionregion 9 3 rejectionregion 9 4 rejectionregion 10 1 rejectionregion 10 2 rejectionregion 10 3 rejectionregion 10 4 rejectionregion 10 5 relativefrequencydistribution 2 2 residual 12 5 residual 13 3 residualplot 12 5 residualplot 13 3 resistanttooutliers 3 1 resistanttooutliers 3 2 rowpercentages 2 1 sample 1 2 sample 1 3 samplesize 9 1 samplesize 10 1 samplesize 10 2 samplesize 10 3 samplesize 10 4 samplesizedetermination 8 4
xiv Keyword Chapter Section samplespace 4 1 samplingdistribution 10 2 samplingerror 1 4 samplingerror 8 1 samplingerror 8 4 samplingmethod 1 3 samplingwithreplacement 1 3 samplingwithreplacement 4 2 samplingwithoutreplacement 1 3 samplingwithoutreplacement 4 2 scatterchart 2 5 scatterchart 12 1 scatterchart 12 2 scatterchart 12 6 scatterchart 12 7 scatterchart 12 9 selectionbias 1 3 selectionbias 1 4 shape 3 3 ShewhartDemingcycle 14 7 side-by-sidechart 2 3 simplerandomsample 1 3 sixsigmamanagement 14 8 slope 12 2 slope 12 7 slope 13 1 slope 13 4 sourceofdata 1 2 specialcausesofvariation 14 1 specialcausesofvariation 14 2 specialcausesofvariation 14 3 specialcausesofvariation 14 4 specialcausesofvariation 14 5 specialcausesofvariation 14 6 specialcausesofvariation 14 7 standarddeviation 3 2 standarddeviation 3 4 standarderror 7 2 standarderror 7 3 standarderror 10 1 standarderror 10 2 standarderror 10 3 standarderror 12 7 standarderror 14 2 standarderrorofestimate 12 3 standarderrorofestimate 13 standardizednormaldistribution 6 2 standardizednormaldistribution 8 1 standardizednormaldistribution 8 3 standardizednormaldistribution 8 4
xv Keyword Chapter Section statistic 1 2 statisticalcontrol 14 1 statisticalcontrol 14 2 statisticalcontrol 14 4 statisticalcontrol 14 5 statisticalindependence 4 2 statisticalpackage GS 1 statistics 7 1 stem-and-leafdisplay 2 4 stratifiedsample 1 3 subjectiveprobability 4 1 sumofsquares 10 5 sumofsquares 12 3 sumofsquares 13 2 surveyworthiness 1 4 systematicsample 1 3 tdistribution 8 2 ttest 9 2 ttest 9 3 ttest 10 1 ttest 10 2 ttestforcorrelationcoefficient 12 7 ttestonslope 12 7 ttestonslope 13 4 teststatistic 9 1 teststatistic 9 2 teststatistic 9 3 teststatistic 9 4 teststatistic 10 1 teststatistic 10 2 teststatistic 10 3 teststatistic 10 4 teststatistic 10 5 teststatistic 11 1 teststatistic 11 2 teststatistic 11 3 teststatistic 12 6 teststatistic 12 7 teststatistic 13 2 teststatistic 13 4 teststatistic 13 5 testing 8 3 time-seriesplot 2 5 totalpercentages 2 1 trade-off 8 4 Tukey-Kramerprocedure 10 5 two-tailtest 9 1 two-tailtest 9 2 two-tailtest 9 4 typeIerror 9 1
xvi Keyword Chapter Section typeIerror 9 2 typeIerror 9 3 typeIerror 9 4 typeIIerror 9 1 typesofdata 1 1 unbiased 7 2 unbiased 10 1 value 6 2 value 7 2 value 7 3 variable GS 2 variance 3 2 variance 3 4 variance 6 2 variation 3 2 width 8 4 XBarchart 14 5 Zscores 3 2 Ztest 9 1 Ztest 9 4 Ztest 10 3
GS 1
GS 1
GS 2
Subsections to Keywords Cross-reference
xvii
Keyword
DCOVAframework
Chapter Section
GS 1
reasonsforlearningstatistics
statisticalpackage
data
GS 2
descriptivestatistics
inferentialstatistics
GS 2
variable
bigdata
3 businessanalytics 1 1 categoricalvariable 1 1 continuousvariable 1 1 discretevariable 1 1 typesofdata 1 2 parameter 1 2 population 1 2 sample 1 2 sourceofdata 1 2 statistic 1 3 clustersample 1 3 conveniencesample 1 3 frame 1 3 judgmentsample 1 3 nonprobabilitysample 1 3 probabilitysample 1 3 randomnumber 1 3 reasonsforsampling 1 3 sample 1 3 samplingmethod 1 3 samplingwithreplacement 1 3 samplingwithoutreplacement 1 3 selectionbias 1 3 simplerandomsample 1 3 stratifiedsample 1 3 systematicsample 1 4 coverageerror 1 4 ethicalissues 1 4 measurementerror 1 4 nonresponseerror 1 4 probabilitysample 1 4 samplingerror 1 4 selectionbias 1 4 surveyworthiness 2 1 columnpercentages 2 1 contingencytable 2 1 interpretation 2 1 rowpercentages
GS 2
GS 3
GS
xviii
Keyword 2 1 totalpercentages 2 2 classboundaries 2 2 classinterval 2 2 classmidpoint 2 2 cumulativedistribution 2 2 cumulativepercentagedistribution 2 2 frequencydistribution 2 2 interpretation 2 2 numberofclasses 2 2 percentagedistribution 2 2 relativefrequencydistribution 2 3 barchart 2 3 choiceofchart 2 3 interpretation 2 3 Paretochart 2 3 piechart 2 3 side-by-sidechart 2 4 choiceofchart 2 4 cumulativepercentagedistribution 2 4 cumulativepercentagepolygon(ogive) 2 4 cumulativerelativefrequency 2 4 histogram 2 4 interpretation 2 4 percentagepolygon 2 4 polygon 2 4 stem-and-leafdisplay 2 5 choiceofchart 2 5 scatterchart 2 5 time-seriesplot 2 6 contingencytable 2 6 multidimensionalcontingencytable 2 7 challengesinvisualizingdata 3 1 arithmeticmean 3 1 mean 3 1 measureofcentraltendency 3 1 median 3 1 mode 3 1 resistanttooutliers 3 2 coefficientofvariation 3 2 measureofvariation 3 2 range 3 2 resistanttooutliers 3 2 standarddeviation 3 2 variance 3 2 variation 3 2 Zscores 3 3 boxplot 3 3 five-numbersummary 3 3 interquartilerange
Chapter Section
Chapter Section Keyword
xix
3 3 quartile 3 3 shape 3 4 Chebyshevrule 3 4 empiricalrule 3 4 normaldistribution 3 4 populationmean 3 4 populationstandarddeviation 3 4 populationvariance 3 4 standarddeviation 3 4 variance 3 5 covariance 3 5 interpretation 4 1 aprioriprobability 4 1 additionrule 4 1 collectiveexhaustive 4 1 complement 4 1 contingencytable 4 1 empiricalprobability 4 1 jointprobability 4 1 marginalprobability 4 1 mutuallyexclusive 4 1 samplespace 4 1 subjectiveprobability 4 2 conditionalprobability 4 2 independence 4 2 marginalprobability 4 2 multiplicationrule 4 2 samplingwithreplacement 4 2 samplingwithoutreplacement 4 2 statisticalindependence 4 3 Bayes'theorem 4 4 combination 4 4 countingrule 4 4 permutation 5 1 mean(expectedvalue) 5 1 probabilitydistribution 5 2 binomialdistribution 5 2 mean(expectedvalue) 5 2 probabilitydistribution 5 2 properties 5 3 mean(expectedvalue) 5
Poissondistribution 5
probabilitydistribution 5
properties 6
mean 6 2 normaldistribution 6 2 probability 6 2 properties 6 2 standardizednormaldistribution
3
3
3
2
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Keyword 6 2 value 6 2 variance 6 3 normaldistribution 6 3 normalprobabilityplot 7 1 properties 7 1 statistics 7 2 centrallimittheorem 7 2 mean 7 2 probability 7 2 standarderror 7 2 unbiased 7 2 value 7 3 probability 7 3 proportion 7 3 standarderror 7 3 value 8 1 centrallimittheorem 8 1 confidenceinterval 8 1 criticalvalue 8 1 interpretation 8 1 mean 8 1 parameter 8 1 pointestimate 8 1 properties 8 1 samplingerror 8 1 standardizednormaldistribution 8 2 centrallimittheorem 8 2 confidenceinterval 8 2 criticalvalue 8 2 interpretation 8 2 mean 8 2 parameter 8 2 properties 8 2 tdistribution 8 3 centrallimittheorem 8 3 confidenceinterval 8 3 criticalvalue 8 3 interpretation 8 3 parameter 8 3 properties 8 3 proportion 8 3 standardizednormaldistribution 8 3 testing 8 4 properties 8 4 samplesizedetermination 8 4 samplingerror 8 4 standardizednormaldistribution 8 4 trade-off 8 4 width Business Statistics A First Course 7th Edition Levine Test Bank Full Download:http://testbanktip.com/download/business-statistics-a-first-course-7th-edition-levine-test-bank/ Download all pages and all chapters at: TestBankTip.com
Chapter Section
