Portfolio of Chao 2016-2021

LI CHAO Portfolio for Master of Architecture and Urban Design GSAPP Columbia University in the City of New York

Urban designer/landscape archtect/Data analyst 606 W 57th St, New York, NY 10019 cl4023@columbia.edu | +1(212)464-7087

HUDSON CONNECT GREEN TRAFFIC DESIGN FOR SMALL SCALE RIVERSIDE CITY

ORIGIN Urban design studio II

TEACHER Kaja Kühl, Lee Altman, Anna Dietzsch, Shachi Pandey, Thaddeus Pawlowski

DESGIN TIME April 2021

NUMBER OF TEAMS Chao Li, Scarlet Tong, Victor Lo, Zuzanna Jarzyńska

INTRODUCTION Our dependence on cars accounts for 21% of global carbon emissions and has dominated both urban and rural built environment. Leveraging the $2 trillion infrastructure plan and support for the Green New Deal, small cities in Hudson River Valley can embrace and promote sustainable modes of transportation by rethinking the “roads and bridges”.

This project uses the City of Hudson to demonstrate a shift away from allocating “roads and bridges” to privately owned cars, in order to improve public health, equity, and safety - generating cities meant for all.

KEY WORDS Walkability, Bikeability, Public transportation

INTERVENTIONS IN HUDSON Beginning in the City of Hudson, the proposal consists of four key steps. The process of rerouting the trucks opens up more space in the city’s streetscapes. Sharing streets creates infrastructure that accommodates

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6’

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Phragmites australis

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Ma y.

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Nuphar pumilum

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Cardamine longii

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Mar. - Ju n.

Pontederia cordata

12’

7’

12’ 34’

Miscanthus sacchariflorus

SHARE STREETS

Cardamine longii

Betula nigra

Miscanthus sacchariflorus

Phramites australis

Iris versicolor

Nuphar pumilum

REUSING THE PARKING SPACE

River Herring

Salamander

Little Bittern

Grassland Birds

REUSING THE PARKING SPACE Coeymans

the transportation system in Hudson. HudsonConnect introduces its main component in these spaces..

Stuyvesant

Coxsackie

Hudson

3B

2 te

To

u Ro

ss Cro

ot gL

in ark kP

St.

tra Am

Amtrak Station

H-Link Stop Distribution Lockers Bike Share Station St. nt Fro

Hudson Housing Authority

2n

dS t.

St. te Sta

Providence Hall (Residential)

nt

To

ro erf Riv

Distribution Lockers H-Link Stop

bia

lum Co

St

the city.

HUDSON CONNECT MAP

60 m in A AMTR lbany AK

Niverville

uttle 30 sh uttle 3m n 0im in sh

Valatie

Kinderhook

Chatham

Coxsackie

Ghent

Columbiaville 3

10

10

3

9

12

3

12

3

10

walk walk

Sleepy Hollow

HUDSON

Cairo

COLUMBIAVILLE

Stottville Greenport Lorenz Pk HLink North Athens

HUDSON

COLUMBIA - GREENE

COMMUNITY COLLEGE

40min bike e 40min bik

HLink School

Leeds

Philmont

HLink East

HLink Mid Jefferson Heights

8

Claverack

Catskill Heights

HUDSON

BIK n i 40 m 30

HLink routes Designated BIKE ROUTES

outside of the city.

m

BU in

S

8

HUDSON

3

10

10

3

LIVINGSTON

Clermont

120min NYC NYC AMTRAK

ZONE 2 - scheduled shuttle

Hillsdale Taconic School

Livingston

Drive-through stops

PHILMONT

E

Germantown

ZONE 1 - on demand, free shuttle

3

CGCC

Livingston Pk

Scheduled stops

10

10

3

Elizaville

1

5 miles

NEW MEANDER URBANISM EAST ST. LOUIS: RESTORING THE LIVING RIVER

R ORIGIN Urban design studio III

TEACHER Kate Orff, Geeta Mehta, Dilip Da Cunha, Adriana Chavez, Justine Holzman

DESGIN TIME Augest 2021

NUMBER OF TEAMS Kyle Sam, Xindi Wang, Lingbei Chen, Chao Li

INTRODUCTION East St. Louis today suffers from vulnerabilities of flood, drought and water pollution with the current solution of long-term FEMA buyouts. Due to existing social and economic vulnerabilities, we aim to provide new opportunities and incentives for residents, by creating a new meander urbanism inland east of ESTL. Our design envisions a better wetland holding system in managed retreat, that combines wetlands previously cut-off by hard infrastructure. We propose a business incubator in collaboration with Wash. Univ., which encourages grads to stay in the community.

This hub will promote wetland ecology and infrastructure while local NGOs can contribute to workforce development and lift people out of poverty. Improved wetlands can filter water and recharge the groundwater, as we seek to foreground cultural history by associating the history of the Cahokia Tribe which thrived on the land by living with the once free flowing river. This project serves as a replicable framework along the MI River for communities facing similar issues as we pay homage to a culture that lived in harmony with the Mississippi.

KEY WORDS Water Filtration, Managed Retreat, Water Holding Networks

NEW MEANDER URBANISM GOALS

industrial pollution and learn from the

prototype to sustain residents and

RIVER URBANISM VS. MEANDER URBANISM

RIVER

MEANDER

Linear

Discrete

Masterplanned

Farmland

Horseshoe Lake

MAPPING FLOODS AND MOUNDS

EXISTING PROBLEMS

Highway

Horseshoe Lake

Farmland

from harmful chemical the farm industry..

2019 FLOOD AREA Horseshoe Lake Sewage drainage pipe Rail Road Highway Heavy Industry

Dump Horseshoe Lake Sewage drainage pipe Rail Road Highway Dump

Heavy Industry

Residential Area Rail Road

INTERVENTION AREA Mississippi River

Levee Residential Area Rail Road

Mississippi River

are imposed on an

Levee

community.

COHOKIA MOUNDS

Inland Hill Highway Farmland Farmed Wetland

Inland Hill Highway Farmland

Farmed Wetland

infrastructure.

CURRENT SITUATION

restricted holding system.

ECOLOGICAL MODEL Rainwater Urban Sewage Precipitationprocess Filtered and Manageable Waters

Remaining Chemicals

Organic Waste

SCAR BIOREMEDIATION MODULES

Aeration tank

PH Harmony

Bioremediation Filter

Reduced Heavy Metals

Concealed Filter

Agricultural Pollution

UTILIZING MEANDER SCARS

S2 During flood events, this module can connect our module S1 to E1 to form an increased holding system and filter water through module E1.

E1

S2

Module E1 features alternative filtration infrastructure while providing recreational space through the design of meander scars.

Excess rainwater makes it way from Wetland S2, through filtration into ecological module E1.

CONCEALED FILTRATION INFRASTRUCTURE

SECTION FOR THE NEW HUMAN SETTLEMENT

PERMACULTURE

AQUACULTURE

adjusted accordingly to the AERATION TANK By adjusting the pH and

food source and forms a maintaining the ecological functions of the region.

PUBLIC WATERFRONT The natural platform

CAHOKIA MOUND PARK

an important part of

culture that resided

sites.

ago to enhance an

SOCIAL INCUBATOR

BIOREMEDIATION FILTER

opportunities in den BETTER BUY OUT

economy. in this natural pool.

opportunities, economically CONCEALED FILTER Aquaculture

Permaculture

Public Waterfront

Cahokia Mound State Park

industrial pollution.

CORN

higher yields at a distance WILD RICE BENTHIC MARSH on a rich accumulation of organic matter and act as

FRESHWATER FISH

food chain.

AQUATIC PLANT PRODUCTS source for the surrounding area.

CATFISH to the area.

source.

Social Incubator

Better Buyout

RESILIENCE VIA BENEVOLENCE GUIDINGBOOK FOR URBAN PERMACULTURE IN INWOOD COMMUNITY

ORIGIN Urban design studio I

DESGIN TIME January 2021

NUMBER OF TEAMS Chao Li, Yong Zhuang, Yifei Luo, Nupur Roy

INTRODUCTION The proposal for an urban future is that we believe Urban Permaculture will help support our struggling school system and our community at large. By applying a new social organization and space for knowledge sharing, we believe that we can build a better future for our community through something as fundamental as kindness.

This program is trying to talk about fostering comprehensive community resilience via benevolence. To make it easier to read and understand by resident, we come out a guidingbook which including all the design time framwork and step-by-step strategies. Each step in the book will illustrate how to create and support the development of a strong and diverse community through public participation and education.

KEY WORDS School driven, Share Urbanism, Housing typology

Th e d e fin itio n o f per macult ur e in agr icult ur e SOCIETY

What is urban permaculture

T R A N S L AT O R each branch can be an individual M A N U FA C T U R E R birds are distributors of seeds and nutrients

It is a Whole System concept that involves the harmonius integration of landscape and people that contributes to a stable social order.

Through URBAN PERMACULTURE, it is possible to create a Whole System urbanism that will ease the strain on the social condenser, and consequently the community as a whole, by fostering comprehensive resilience via community participation and education.

insects give sugars to

STORE

the system acts as a TEACHER

WH AT I S P E R M A C U LTU R E ?

WH AT I S URBAN P E R M A C U LT U R E ?

FA M I LY

C O - O P E R AT I O N / CONDENSER

MESSENGER same species responds to

different species

S O I L S C O O P E R AT I V E COMMUNITY mycorrhiza trade nutrients

each root is an individual

t re e re g ul ate s t he he a l th o f brows e rs

Th e d e fin itio n o f per macult ur e in Ur ban D esign SOCIETY

SOCIAL CONDENSER

THE CITIZEN

HOME E D U C AT I O N

the business and the home also exist in tandem

BUSINESS

SUPPORT

SUPPORT

permeable surfaces

UNDERGROUND URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE supports the urban systems.

permeable surfaces

Why people engage in our plan?

Step 0:

Engagement Plan Community Participation is a critical component for successful urban permaculture.

Greener

and healthier environment to live

Interactive

harmonious social networks

Safer passage to the school bigger outdoor

Primary Stakeholders -

• Landowners • Tenants • Students • Educators

Stronger Individual

with increased job prospects via community skill-sharing.

Increased Land Value qualitative increase to quantitative increase in the long term.

Stronger Economy 'benevolence tax benefit' for donating land and time.

Step 1:

Identify Spaces for Decentralization Where in the community can we facilitate the integration of the community into the education system?

1.

2.

What factors should we consider to make this selection?

1. Area 2. Access Points 3. Solar Exposure

3.

Step 2:

Identify Leverage Points

R7

R7

C2-4

C2-4

C2-4

C2-4

R7

C2-4 R7

R7

R7

R7

How can we work with the existing ecosystem?

R7 Type: Medium-density apartment house districts

• PEOPLE

C2-4 Type: commercial uses on the street level.

• PROFIT • PLANET

Some of the commercial uses include... threshold of engament

Step 2:

Identify Leverage Points How can we work with the existing ecosystem?

• PEOPLE • PROFIT

• PLANET

business

Step 3:

Activate the Ecosystem How can we make the most out of the Leverage Points that we The currently over utilized and under-maintained interstices can be mobilzied through urban permaculture to foster an ecosystem that encourages expression, engagement and a healthy environment.

ENVIRONMENT

ENGAGEMENT

EXPRESSION

Step 3:

Activate the Ecosystem How can we make the most out of the Leverage Points that we have The currently over utilized and under-maintained interstices can be mobilzied through urban permaculture to foster an ecosystem that encourages expression, engagement and a healthy environment.

Step 4:

Let it Grow!

By mobilizing the all the schools in the neighbourhood, we can build the comprehensively resilient community of the future!

Each individual network of interstitial spaces can merge with the other and form a larger network that promotes community collaboration via education, thus creating a successful urban permaculture.

1

IDENTIFY SPACES FOR DECENTRALIZATION

2

IDENTIFY LEVERAGE POINTS

3

ACTIVATE THE ECOSYSTEM

4

LET IT GROW!

P.S 98 Shorackapoock Good Shepherd School Washinton Heights Academy TEP Charter School Middle School 322

0

.5

1

¯

2 Miles

Resreach：

New way to identify food desert by yelp data in Bronx Food Oasis Generate Food Desert service area from the healthy restaurants and walk road network.

Food Desert Get the reversed area of food oasis through Erasing it from Bronx area.

Number of affected people 0 - 303 304 - 618 619 - 1278

The international concept of "food desert" originated in Britain. Later, the Us government designated slums without food supermarkets 1 miles away from home as "food deserts".At the same time, stores that will only serve fresh vegetables, fruits and meats are considered health stores, mainly including large supermarket chains and fruit and vegetable stores.

1279 - 2093 Food Oasis Bronx Area Food Desert

Other food retailers, such as food restaurants and juice bar, are not classified as sources of healthy, fresh food. However, these restaurants are becoming the main source of food for the people as the delivery service and social rhythm changes. As an important part of the urban food

Healthy Restaruant

of the concept of food desert.

Food Desert in Census level Select census units by center points in food desert area.

Healthy food stores do not guarantee that malnutrition and food safety problems in the surrounding area will be solved. The high density of processed and fast food called junk food junsocially and economically disadvantaged areas, becoming a food desert in another sense.

The Bronx's food oasis coverage

Food Desert

High Desertification

Food Oasis Open Space

Healthy Restaruants Healthy Index > 0

Distance from Restaruant Service area

Miles

3

¯

Low Desertification

Mott Haven and0Melrose, .5 Bronx 1 0

.5

1

2 Miles

Age Age uner uner 18 18

Age under 18

Healthy Restaruants Healthy Index > 0

0.23 0.23 0.23

Povery Povery

Poverty

0.42 0.42

2 No No high high school school No high school diploma diploma 0.30 0.30 diploma 0.42 0.30

Distance from Restaurant Service area

proportion of

people affected <26%

65+ Age 65+

None None whitewhite 0.10 0.10 0.10

0.99 0.99 0.99

26% - 30% 30% - 39% 39% - 49% 49% - 62%

Hunts Point and Longwood, Bronx Age Age uner uner 18 18 0.28 0.28

Povery Povery 0.37 0.37

No No high high school school diploma diploma 0.38 0.38

Resreach：

Who control the result?

Prosecute

Flushing special waterfront district rezoning research Department of city planning

Bill de Blasio

Development

New York City's 109th mayor

Federal Government low-income housing-tax credits

Brownfield Opportunity Area (BOA)

tax-exempt mortgage financing

Mandatory Inclusionary Housing (MIH)

$1.5 million $1.5 million

promise to aviod

Land use change

Flushing for Equitable Development & Urban Planning(FED UP) - comunity organization

environmental impact statement

FWRA LLC-developer

environmental review Comunity's need

under siege

Manipulated

more affordable units Gentrification = displacement/homeless

affordable housing

Job opportunities

equitable access

public waterfront

environmental quality

80%AMI V.S. 40%AMI

the gentrification impact of such

Flushing Willets Point Corona Local Development Corporation

Claire Shulman

River Keeper

PRIVATE ROAD V.S. PUBLIC SPACE

V.S.

pre-president of Queens Borough

William Spisak REZONING V.S. UPZONING

Ross Moskowitz

and manipulate the city concil and

chair of the union's social and economic justice committee

F&T Group

STROOCK

Many housing projects in China and Queens in New York, especially Flushing, are dominated by Chinese foreign capital.

real estate development clients

spent $1 million in lobbying bills

United Construction and Development

offer Election Office

the same time, it also collected the

More job opportunity

economic interests

Rafael Salamanca

District 17 Chair of the Land Use Committee More job opportunity

Corey johnson

Peter Koo in 2020

District 3 Speaker Economic revitalization

Small Business benefits affordable housing

mandates a report on the racial impact of rezoning and developments to be assessed and presented as part of the city’s Uniform Land Use Review Procedure.

Agree with the rezoning and development.

We believe that it would be irresponsible to approve the application without deep community benefits like real affordable housing and commitments to provide good jobs for local community members.

We believe that it would be irresponsible to approve the application without deep community benefits like real affordable housing and commitments to provide good jobs for local community members.

They do not pay enough taxes and they do not create quality jobs for our communities but they do extract as much value and profit from our communities.

Francisco Moya before the meeting

District 21 Zoning Subcommittee Chair deep community benefits real affordable housing good job for local

global pandemic

Economic revitalization

Expansion of transportation

future ten year 2 million support local small businesses

Ron Kim

Assembly District 40 Zoning Subcommittee Chair Fed back community

12+ "

pay enough taxes

"

MinKwon Center

the Greater Flushing Chamber of Commerce

Guardians of Flushing Bay

Flushing AntiDisplacement Alliance

Promise to provide more jobs

paid consult

Comunity 7

Labor union the Queens Chamber of Commerce

Thomas J. Grech

Chuck Apelian CB7’s first vice chair land use committee chair Inevitable result

Service Employees International Union

Economic revitalization

We have all struggled in this pandemic, and we simply cannot afford to continue our demands for the perfect win over the good. This is a good compromise that addresses many of the issues we heard at many public hearings, provide good union paying jobs, affordable housing and community benefits.

Peter Koo in 2016 District 20

CB7 Democrat for District 20 Economic revitalization

Fed back

40%AMI or 25% units

John Park

Height limit from airport

CB7 CEO of MinKwon Center Fed back community

40%AMI or 25% units

Traffic pressure

40%AMI or 25% units environmental concerns

"

" Appeal Parade

Hotel Trades Council

Small Business benefits

schools overcrowded

environmental concerns

Kyle Ragg

chair of the union's social and economic justice committee

The Queens Chamber looks forward to partnering with our newly elected Borough President Donovan Richards to see this project through from shovel-ready to completion. We also pause to think of and reflect on the immense contribution that our late Borough President Claire Shulman made to this project. This news is a game-changer for Queens and the entire region.

John Choe the 60% AMI was too expensive for Flushing residents, and vowed he would not support a development proposal unless it was at 40% AMI. The current proposal carved out just over 3% of total units for affordable housing at 80% AMI, double the threshold.

President & Chief Executive Officer at Queens Chamber of Commerce

SEIU 32BJ

good union paying jobs

Council’s Rich Maroko, 32BJ SEIU’s Kyle Bragg.

More job opportunity will be offered if

The Downtown Flushing Transit Hub Business Improvement District (BID)

District 20

Benefit for local immigrants

Rebecca Pryor

Prosecute

City Concil

District 21 Zoning Subcommittee Chair

Chhaya Community Development Corporation

$18,000 lobby

Appeal Parade

Francisco Moya in the meeting

William Spisak

BETTER SEWAGE V.S YOU BRING MORE

NYC-based full-service Chinese young money drive real estate development company. including land acquisition, financing, zoning/ entitlement (ULURP) approvals, design, environmental cleanups.

Large construction companies throughout the United States.

. is a channel for residents to speak

Young Nian Group

John Park

Recording Secretary and General Counsel

Sharon Lee

SEIU 32BJ

Service Employees International Union

Rich Maroko

Interim Queens Borough President

Kyle Ragg

chair of the union's social and economic justice committee

"

Conditional disapprove. Downtown Flushing, however, is not immune to the consequences of transformative large-scale new development that inadvertently leaves many behind, such as narrowing their options for decent housing and leaving them with hard and economic life. choices.

"

Resreach：

31%+ in Singapore：

Investigate minority immigrant enclaves through deep learning on social media More detail on: https://centerforspatialresearch.github.io/conflict_urbanism_sp2021/2021/04/23/Chao.html

，

food culture are perfect for mapping.

Visualize potential ethnic settlements in Singapore through religion and food distribution

Resreach：

Methodology

The Prediction of Wilderness Tour Trajectory in Tibet through machine learning

Prediction model results

The End More info and animation stuff is in public website.

Website for STUDIO II： https://arcg.is/1Db0Tq Website for STUDIO III： https://arcg.is/OKXmS

Urban designer/landscape archtect/Data analyst 606 W 57th St, New York, NY 10019 cl4023@columbia.edu | +1(212)464-7087